By Nancy Maliwesky
Retired Director, APHGA
 |
| Perspective map, 1898. Library of Congress. |
Editor's Note:
Readers of our blog
may recall the November 2011 post about Nancy Maliwesky’s research into the
elusive story of Mary Ann Coe Pomeroy. You can read (or reread) it here. Nancy completed the draft of a publication prior to her retirement,
although there remain unanswered questions about parts of Mary Ann’s life
story. Hoping our readers may be able to help fill in some of these gaps, we’re
presenting Running Barefoot as a weekly series. We welcome your comments and
suggestions! Please feel free to share this blog with others who may be
interested.
– Susan Hughes, Director, APHGA
Mary Ann in Ohio
The Sandusky Clarion,
a newspaper that started publishing in 1822 in Sandusky, OH (then Portland),
lists several boats, steamers, and clippers coming in and leaving from Sandusky
towards or from Buffalo, N.Y and Black Rock, near Buffalo. The newspaper identifies when navigation
opens and closes for the season. Interesting
information regarding the Walk-In-The-Water,
the first steamer on Lake Erie, was found on the Kelleys Island Historical
Association website. According to the
website, the Walk-In-The Water was
built in 1818 at Black Rock, New York and was owned by the Lake Erie Steamboat
Company, running between Buffalo and Detroit and making stops at Cleveland and
Erie until 1 Nov, 1821, when she was wrecked near Point Algino, about 12 miles
from Buffalo, N.Y. Rates for passengers
from Buffalo NY to Cleveland were $15.00 and she could carry up to 29 passengers. The information regarding the Walk-In-The-Water illustrates the
availability of water travel along Lake Erie.
Based on an advertisement in the Clarion regarding letters remaining in the Sandusky Post Office as
of 31 Dec 1822 in which “Mariann Pomroy” appears, we can give an approximate
date in which the letter was received as before or about 30 Sep 1822. (Letters not picked up after 3 months were
advertised in the local newspaper with the widest circulation.) While we do not know that Mary Ann traveled
by water, or took an overland route, it seems possible that she traveled via
water, based on the likelihood that she arrived in Sandusky where a letter was
sent to her, and not collected upon receipt.
At this time the state of Ohio was considering a canal
system to improve the transportation of goods across Ohio, using the Erie Canal
as impetus. Sandusky and New Haven
residents were very interested in a route starting in Sandusky and going south
and were very upset when the state decided to route the canal from Cleveland
south to Akron. The proposed route and
disagreement with this route monopolized the pages of the Sandusky Clarion in 1824.
The possibility of a nearby canal probably increased land speculation in
those towns directly south of Sandusky, and the final decision on the path of
the canal most likely left many large property holders land rich, but cash
poor, and with little return on their investments. Lemuel, David and Royal Powers were
significant land holders in New Haven, and their names amongst many others,
appear on the delinquent tax lists of the day.
Colonel Sebried Dodge, born about 1796, a son of Ezra Dodge
and Polly Foote, who settled in Pompey, NY in 1795 on lot number 50[1], was an
early surveyor and later the Principal Engineer of the Western Division of the
Ohio and Pennsylvania Canal in 1835, and later made one of the Canal
Commissioners in 1838. He lived at that
time in Cleveland by 1827[2], and
later resided in Akron, OH, where he died in April 1849.
Uncles Luther and Alvin Coe in New Haven, OH
Reverend Alvin Coe, half-brother to Ithamar Coe, and Mary
Ann’s uncle, was an early settler of Huron County, Ohio[3]. Born in Granville, MA, 31 Mar 1783[4], Alvin
and his cousin John Seward were converted at a young age, both becoming
Reverends of the Congregational Church[5]. Alvin was living in what is now known as
Sandusky, Ohio by 1809[6] where he was a teacher by 1810 in Huron[7] and the
first Presbyterian minister[8]. He married Sarah Smith on 2 Dec 1811[9], and was
in Cuyahoga County, OH by about 1812 where he preached to the Second
Congregational Church for three months[10]. By 21 Aug 1812, Alvin, his wife Sarah, his
brother Luther Coe, the family of Caleb Palmer and Rev. James McIntyre and
others were all living in New Haven, OH when hearing of Hull’s surrender (War
of 1812) at which time they fled and traveled to Knox County, OH.[11] After 1812 and before 1816, Alvin went with
his cousin Reverend John Seward to Aurora, Portage County, Ohio and with his
cousin Reverend Harvey Coe to Vernon, Trumbull County, Ohio to prepare for
preaching[12]. Alvin was licensed by the Presbytery in 1816[13], and
during his lifetime preached in many of the pioneer towns of Ohio and Michigan,
becoming well known for his work with the native population. In 1817 he preached at Sheffield, Lorain
County; Williamsfield, Ashtabula County; Grand River, Lake County, and Lyme,
Huron County, OH[14]. On 29 Sep 1817 he was a sworn interpreter at
the Treaty of the Maumee Rapids, which was initiated between Lewis Cass and
Duncan McArthur, commissioners of the United States and “the sachems, chiefs,
and warriors, of the Wyandot, Seneca, Delaware, Shawanese, Potawatomees,
Ottawas, and Chippeway, tribes of Indians.”[15] On 22 Dec 1817, Alvin Coe, with others “of
Huron county, in the State of Ohio, praying that the Seneca Indians may be
permitted to retain and enjoy their houses and farms on the west side of
Sandusky river, for reasons stated in the petition”[16]. In 1818 Reverend Alvin Coe opened a mission
school for 25 or 30 Native American boys in Greenfield, Huron County, OH, [17] where
he also was pastor of the Presbyterian Church, [18]
occasionally preaching in the churches in Milan, Perkins and Peru[19]. Alvin was listed as head of household in
Greenfield, Huron County, OH according to the 1820 U.S Federal Census,
enumerated 7 Aug 1820. In his household
were four free white males under 10, one free white male of 45 and upwards, two
free white females of 16 through 26, one foreigner not naturalized and one
person engaged in commerce[20]. According to an article entitled
“Greenfield”, written by the Huron County Chapter of the Ohio Genealogical
Society, Inc., “Like every township, Greenfield had church organizations and
“makeshift” schools as soon as there were sufficient population to support
them. A unique school in Greenfield was
a mission school for American Indian children, opened in 1818 by Rev. Alvin
Coe. He lived on the west side of Peru
Center Road not far north of Steuben Village, and opened his school with 25 or
30 boys from the various tribes close by.
He fed, clothed and educated them at his own expense and with the few
donations he received. This school
lasted several years.”[21] According to Rev. H. Smith and Harvey Fowler,
though “in the Fall of 1821, Rev. Alvin Coe, who had previously collected a number
of Indian children in Greenfield and given them instruction in the English
language, moved his school to Venice, because he could get there a more
comfortable building, and he continued there about six months and taught all
the children in the vicinity that came to him for instruction.”[22] At some point between 1821 and 1828, he also
became a member of the Mount Vernon Lodge No. 64 in Norwalk, OH.[23] “In the summer of 1822, an academy was
established at Macksville [later known as Peru] under the name of “Luna
Academic Society of Peru, Huron County.”
The first annual meeting was held on the first Tuesday in August, 1822,
at which the following were elected as the board of trustees: Rev. Alvan Coe,
president; Dr. Moses C. Sanders, Dr. William Gardner, Major Eben Guthrie, and
Robert S. Southgate, Harry O. Sheldon was elected clerk. The school opened the first Monday in
December, 1822, with Amos B. Harris as principal teacher. In a notice published in the Sandusky Clarion, 13 Nov. 1822, the
following terms of tuition were given:
For orthography, reading and
writing...........................................$2.00
Same with arithmetic and English
grammar................................$2.50
Geography, rhetoric and
composition..........................................$3.00
Higher mathematics, Latin and
Greek.........................................$4.00”[24]
On 13 Sep 1824, Alvin Coe purchased 441/2 acres, part of lot
45 in Greenfield, OH from Epenetus and Huldah Starr for $200[25].
We have found no evidence that Alvin and Sarah ever had
children, and although Sarah outlived her husband by almost 30 years, it does
not appear that she remarried after his death.
By all evidence both Alvin and Sarah were quite devout Christians. If Ithamar were trying to find a proper home
for his wayward daughter, would he have chosen Rev. Alvin Coe’s household? It would seem a logical choice, but we have
not found any evidence that Mary Ann was living with the good Reverend or his
wife. The 1827 tax roll for Greenfield,
Ohio shows Alvin Coe owning 113 acres of land on lot 42, valued at $122. On the 1829 tax roll for Greenfield, Ohio,
Alvin Coe is taxed on 44 acres of property on lot 17, valued at $97. That same year, in New Haven, Ohio, Sophia (Barney),
widow of Luther Coe, was taxed on 2 neat cattle valued at $16.
An Alvin Coe is listed as head of household in Morven,
Marion County, Ohio, according to the 1830 U.S. Federal Census. In his household were two free white males
under 5 years of age, one free white male of 5 through 10, one free white male
of 30 through 40, one free white female under 5 years of age, and one free
white female of 20 through 30.[26] The ages of the adult male and female do not
fit what we know of Alvin (who would have been 47 at the time) and Sarah (who
would have been 39 at the time). Marion
County, now Morrow County, OH is near Columbus, and the town of Morven no
longer exists. The general area is south
of Mansfield, and not so far as to be unlikely that Reverend Alvin would settle
here, but he is found in 1831 in Vernon, Trumbull County, OH where he had
accepted a three year pastoral position at the Presbyterian Church[27]. Whether the Alvin Coe living in Morven, OH is
our Reverend Alvin Coe is yet to be determined.
On 23 Apr 1835, Alvin Coe represented Trumbull County in the
Ohio Anti-Slavery Convention which was held in Putnam, Muskinghum County, Ohio.[28] Alvin Coe was listed as a head of household
according to the 1840 U.S. Federal Census of Vernon, Trumbull County, OH. In his household were: one free white male of
50 through 60, one free white female of 10 through 15, and one free white
female of 40 through 50. One person was
engaged in a learned profession.[29] An interesting story relayed by Andrew J.
Blackbird, sheds some light on Alvin’s esteem amongst the local tribe’s people:
“I have told my readers in the previous chapters of this little book, that from the time I was invited by our most estimable friend, Rev. Alvin Coe, to go with him to the State of Ohio in order to receive an education, “that it was never blotted out of my mind”, and therefore the very day I quit the blacksmith shop at Grand Traverse, I turned my face toward the State of Ohio, for that object alone. I came to Little Traverse to bid a good-bye to my father and relations late in October, 1845. I did not even stay half a day at Little Traverse...“The day we [Paul Now-o-ga-de and the author] arrived at Mackinac we took passage for Cleveland. Arriving there we were scared at seeing so many people coming to us who wanted us to get into their cabs and take us to some hotel which might cost us two or three dollars a day. We went to Farmer’s Hotel. In the evening the landlady was somewhat curious to know where we hailed from and where we were going to. I told her we came from Michigan, but we did not know yet where we should go to. I asked her if she ever knew or heard of a minister named Alvin Coe. “What,” – she seemed to be very much surprised’ “Mr. Alvin Coe, the travelling missionary?” I said, “yes, the same.” “Why, that is my own uncle. What is it about him?” “O, nothing; only I would like to know where he lives, and how far.” I was equally surprised to think that we happened to meet one of his relatives, and thought at this moment, God must be with us in our undertaking. “You know my uncle, then,” she said. I said, “Yes; he is my particular friend, and I am going to look for him.” Of course she told us the name of the town in which he lived, and how far and which road to take to get there.”[30]
Who this niece was, we do not know.
Alvin and wife Sarah are listed in the 1850 U.S. Federal
Census in Vernon, Trumbull County, OH as follows: “Alvan Coe, 67 years of age,
male, white, occupation: Presbyterian Preacher, Value of Real Estate $400, born
in Massachusetts. Sarah S. Coe, 59 years
of age, female, white, born in Connecticut.”[31] Alvin died in Vernon on 5 Apr 1854.[32] His widow, Sarah died 16 Mar 1883 in Kinsman,
Trumbull County, Ohio. An obituary in The Fire Lands Pioneer states: “Mrs.
Sarah Coe, widow of Rev. Alvan Coe., died at the residence of Lyman Root,
Kinsman, Ohio, March 16th 1883, aged ninety-two years and six
days. Rev. Alvan Coe and wife were
laborers among the pioneers of Northern Ohio from 1815 to 1821, and were
regularly ordained missionaries to the Indians of Northwestern Ohio and
Michigan from 1821 to 1825, after which, owing to poor health, Mrs. Coe resided
near her father, General Martin Smith, in Vernon, O., while Mr. Coe continued
his labors among the Indians until 1839.
Thereafter his time was largely spent near their home in Vernon among
the churches in the vicinity until his death in 1854. Mrs. Coe continued her residence in Vernon until
after she became helpless from a fractured hip, and since 1875 she has been
supported and cared for by a small appropriation from the county treasury,
supplemented by the generous donations of friends and Christian strangers
throughout the churches of our Northern States.
The funeral was held at Kinsman Sunday forenoon.”[33]
Luther Coe, Ithamar’s half-brother, was born in either 20
Dec 1779[34] in
Granville, Hampden County, Massachusetts to parents Aaron and Mary (Seward)
Coe. On 4 Apr 1803 he was an Ensign in
the Genesee County, New York militia.[35] Later that year, in June, he was on the first
grand jury west of the Genesee River, presumably in Genesee County, along with
fellow jurors Alexander Rea, Asa Ransom, Peter Vandeventer, Daniel Henry,
Samuel F. Geer, Lovell Churchill, Jabez Warren, Zera Phelps, Jotham Bemus,
Seymour Kellogg, John A. Thompson, John Ganson, Jr., Isaac Smith, Elisha
Farwell, Peter Shaeffer, Hugh McDermott and John McNaughton.[36] He was found in Southampton, Genesee County
by 1803, according to militia and tax records[37]. Also taxed Southampton that same year is Dr.
William Coe, who does not appear to be a direct relation to Luther. Although taxed, we have not found any deeds
for Luther in Genesee County, New York. Current maps aren’t much help in
identifying the area that was once known as Southampton. According to Gazetteer and Biographical Record of Genesee County, N.Y., 1788-1890,
“Prior to the erection of the counties named above [Allegany in 1806; Niagara
in 1808; Chautauqua in 1811; Cattaraugus in 1817; Erie in 1821; Orleans in
1821; and Wyoming in 1841], Genesee was divided into four townships:
Northampton, Leicester, Southampton, and Batavia. Northampton embraced the northern portion of
the Morris Reserve, Leicester the central portion, and Southampton the
southern; Batavia embraced the entire Holland Purchase.”[38] A sale of property notice in the Republican Advocate of Batavia, NY on 10
May 1838, identified Luther as a surveyor of the Ogden tract.[39]
In 1809, a Luther Coe was taxed 75¢ on property valued at $120 in Salina, Onondaga County, New York.[40] (Once again, no deeds have been found in
Onondaga County bearing Luther’s name.)
In the January 1810 Court of Common Pleas term, for Onondaga County, NY,
Luther Coe and Hanley Lamb were sued by Ammi C. Pool for $400 on charges of
trespassing and debt incurred.[41] The specifics of the debt were not
identified, but the term trespassing may be a clue that property was
involved. In April 1810, a Luther Coe was
named a commissioner of highways, with Nickerson Burlingham and Stephen K.
Gilcress for the town of Salina, NY[42]. In Sep 1810 this Luther was back in the
Onondaga County Court of Common Pleas, this time as a defendant with Leonard
Grove, against Matthew Davidson. Matthew
Davidson brought suit for payment of $100 worth of salt (and $50 in damages) delivered
to Luther Coe and Leonard Grove on 28 Jul 1810[43]. One wonders what these men needed 26 1/3
barrels of salt for.
According to G.T. Stewart, Esq. of Norwalk, OH, Luther had
joined his brother Alvin in the Fire Lands by 1811, coming from Pompey,
NY. A letter was printed in the Fire Lands Pioneer written by Luther Coe
in 1812 to his brother in Onondaga County, NY.
We can only suppose that the brother was Ithamar Coe:
“FREDERICKTOWN, Tuesday, August 25th, 1812.“DEAR BROTHER: - This day arrived her in a flight from Indians, the particulars of which I will endeavor to give. Last Friday, at one o’clock P.M., an express came to us, from Fort Detroit, on his way to the City of Washington with information that Gen. Hull and his army was defeated, that Detroit was taken by the British, that they were rapidly marching into our territories, also that the rivers Raisin, Maumee and other smaller settlements were also taken, and that they would be at Sandusky immediately. That there were two thousand Indians commanded by British officers sent into our territories. Where they are we have not yet understood, or where they will make their attack I cannot tell.“Alvin sold his place near the mouth of Huron, and moved up the river about twenty-five miles, to the town of New Haven, where I have lived this summer.“To resume the flight: in the town of New Haven lived three families – in the town of Greenfield, two. We all got the news about the same time. We met together and agreed to pack up as soon as possible, and start through the woods towards the Ohio River. We went to packing up what we could and burying the rest. This was an exceeding rainy time. There fell as much rain from Friday until Sunday, as I ever knew in so short a time. I started Friday night, after we got Alvin’s things packed up, to help those families from Greenfield through the woods to New haven, which was about four miles, and a road to cut, which we performed with the help of lights, and with considerable difficulty got through the woods to New Haven as day light appeared, worn out with fatigue. Saturday morning we loaded two wagons with the most valuable articles belonging to the several families, and started into the woods with what cattle we could find. Alvin left two cows and calves behind. We had a road to cut about fifteen miles. We had not proceeded far before we had the Huron river to cross, which was up full banks. We crossed without any material damage; then proceeded on with three men before to cut the road, and after traveling about three miles we came to another branch of the Huron, where we had to swim our teams, cattle and horses, which was attended with considerable difficulty. The rain falling like a flood, and the streams thus high, would have discouraged the most enterprising, only in case of life and death. We then passed without much trouble until we came to the Black Fork, so called, a branch of the Muskingum. Here was a rapid stream to cross, but God be thanked, we all crossed safe. It was then after sundown. Here we encamped. Here presented a scene of trouble unlike any I ever before experienced: our women and children, and all of us, wet, cold and worn out with fatigue, had to take the ground for lodging, in fear of the scalping knife every moment.“Sunday morning, and all safe. We set out in a blind path, and after traveling four miles we came into the road that leads from the mouth of Huron to Mansfield. We passed on to another branch of the Muskingum, called the Clear Fork, which was passed without trouble. On the bank of this stream we concluded to encamp. We turned out our teams, and were about getting supper, when an express came up on horseback with news that the Indians were on the rear of those that came from the mouth of Huron, and that men, women and children were running in every direction through the woods. Our women at this report were very much terrified. We consulted together a few moments, and agreed to fetch up the horses, which were three in number, and put on as many women and children as we could, and start through the woods nine miles to this place. Accordingly we all started but two, who staid behind to take care of the wagons. We passed on, some with lights, and some with children on their backs, and the women crying. In this situation we traveled between three and four miles, when we stopped and held another council, upon the result of which it was agreed that a Mr. Marsh and myself should go back to the wagons, and the rest go on. Accordingly we departed Monday morning, and all well. We that were left set out with our teams for this place, where we arrived about the middle of the afternoon. We found ourselves all in tolerable spirits, considering the fatigues of our journey.“Since we arrived here we have heard the report of Indians on our rear was false. What gave the alarm to our rear was a party that was coming through the woods and got lost. They halloed and shouted, that they might find the road. The number of inhabitants that have got through and are on the road, are computed at four hundred. We understand they have suffered very much. Many of them left their places without provisions. Some of them were sick when they started. One woman that had been confined but three weeks, carried two children and suckled them to keep them from starving, without having anything to eat herself. We have heard of the Indians killed but few as yet.“In haste, I am yours, &c.,“L. COE.”[44]
According to Charles B. Simmons, in his “Memoirs of
Townships – Greenfield” published in the Fire
Lands Pioneer: “The surrender of Hull exposed the whole North West to the
ravages of the enemy. The frontier
settlers had to abandon their homes, or run the risk of having their families
massacred by the savages. The first
settlers of this township chose the former.
As soon as they received the news of Hull’s treachery, they collected
their cattle and few household goods, and proceeded to New Haven Township in
the night, to the house of Caleb Palmer – (being on the farm now owned by Mr.
John Kiser). Those that left the
township were Erastus Smith and family, Hanson Reed and family, C.W. Marsh and
Jacob Rush. In the morning they were
joined by Caleb Palmer and family, Luther Coe, Alvin Coe and wife, and the Rev.
James McIntyre, they being the first settlers of New Haven township. They proceeded to Frederick, in Knox Co.,
with all vigilance that hope and fear combined could produce. This was the last of August or the first of
September. News frequently reached them
in their flight that every body in the rear was massacred, which subsequently
proved untrue. After resting a few days
at Frederick, they proceeded to Trumbull county, by the way of Wooster, in
Wayne county, where they staid until Perry’s Victory, on Lake Erie, Sept. 10,
1813 – which quited the fears of the settlers.
Then Erastus Smith and family, Hanson Reed and family, William McKelvey,
Sr., with his family, Truman Gilbert, with his family, accompanied by Samuel C.
Spencer and his family, returned to this township. Cyrus W. Marsh married in Portage county, and
returned with them, together with William McKelvey, Jr., and Jacob Rush, both
unmarried men. this was the fall of
1813. Erastus Smith left about six acres
of wheat in stack (on the farm now owned by Mr. Otis Childs) about two miles
from the house occupied by Mr. Smith, yet during his absence the wheat,
remained untouched, and was threshed by Mr. Smith after he returned from
Trumbull county. Yet the corn growing in
the field was fed to the Indian’s horses, during Mr. Smith’s absence, and the
house was occupied by the Indians to stable their horses...[45]
An enumeration of the inhabitants of Salina, NY taken 3 Mar
1812, lists a Luther Coe in District 5[46]. It now seems unlikely that the Luther Coe in
Salina was the Luther Coe, half-brother of Ithamar Coe as he appears to be in
New Haven, OH at this time, living with his brother Alvin.
Luther Coe, of Huron County, OH served as a private in
Captain William Douglas’ Company (probably of Knox and Richland Counties),
during the War of 1812, between 26 Aug to 10 Oct 1812, and 4 May to 19 May
1813, with James Forsythe and Chism May[47]. According to Mrs. Elizabeth Powers Minn, in
an article entitled “Fire Lands Reminiscences”, Luther Coe sometimes traveled
back to Greenfield with Hanson Reed to check on his crops during the war.[48] According to an account made in Luther Coe’s
own handwriting, he “began to board with Caleb Palmer January 10th,
1813. Started for Sandusky on the 18th
instant, with a load of corn, and returned to Smith’s the 24th. Went again to Sandusky to remove public
stores, and returned again to New Haven the second day of February. Started for Sandusky after horses the 23d
inst., and returned to New haven the second day of March with horses. Began making sugar in Palmer’s works on the
3d day of March, and stopped making sugar the 20th. Went to plowing for corn the 27th
of April.”[49]
After the close of the war, on 4 Aug 1813, Luther won a bid
for the construction of the court house to be located in Mansfield, Richland
County, Ohio.[50] Luther was back in New Haven by 1816, and
settled on lots 127 and 138 according to several secondary accounts, but no
deed records have been found to support this claim[51].
On 17 Apr 1817 in New Haven, Luther Coe married Sophia
Barney[52], only
daughter of Henry Barney by his first wife Mary C. Gallup (sister of William
Gallup and aunt of his son Hallet Gallup, who would become quite prominent in
the town of Norwalk, OH). Sophia was
born 21 Nov 1797 in Kingston, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania[53], and
moved with her father by August 1810 to Genoa, Cayuga County, New York[54] . She apparently also moved with her father to
New Haven, OH about 1814[55] and
prior to her marriage to Luther, was the first school teacher in New Haven[56].
Luther Coe was enumerated as head of household in the 1820
U.S. Federal Census, taken 7 Aug 1820 in New Haven, OH. In his household were two free white males
under 10 years of age, one free white male of 16 through 18, two free white
male of 16 through 26, one free white male of 26 through 45, one free white
female of 10 through 16, one free white female of 16 through 26, one person
engaged in agriculture, eight total in household[57]. There are a few extra people in this
household, that were not the children of Luther and Sophia (Barney) Coe,
including the two free white males of 16 through 26 and the one free white
female of 10 through 16. We are not sure
who these people were, but they do not appear to be the right age to be Mary
Ann and her sons.
On 29 May 1822, and article regarding the opening of a road
between Columbus, Ohio and Sandusky, Ohio in The Sandusky Clarion as follows: “Messrs. Campbell &
Champlin. It will doubtless be
gratifying to many of your readers, and interesting to the community at large,
to know that a direct road will soon be opened from this place, to Columbus,
through a part of the new purchase, or public lands of the United States. The state commissioners and surveyor, Solomon
Smith, Luther Coe and James Kilbourn, Esq. with their assistance arrived here
yesterday; having explored and surveyed a line for a State Road from Norton, in
Delaware County, where the Great Northern Road from Columbus now passes, by
Claridon, in the county of Marion, and Bucyrus in Crawford, to this place. They report the distance to be one hundred
and five miles from Columbus here; that the ground is excellent for a road; the
course very direct; and that much of the new land upon the route, is of the
first quality, abounding with excellent timber, and every where, such as to
invite the enterprise of emigrants, and ultimately to form a dense and rich
settlement.[58] James Kilbourne was the Surveyor and Solomon
Smith and Luther Coe were the Commissioners of the road.[59]
On 26 Jul 1822 the Directors of
the Farmers’ Exporting Company of Huron County, comprising of Luther Coe,
Ebenezer Guthrie, John McMillan, Mr. Raymond, and Eppenetus Starr, place a
notice in The Sandusky Clarion
stating that a meeting of the company would be held on the second Monday of
August next, “for the purpose of consulting upon the necessary measures to be
adopted, in relation to making up a Drove of Cattle for Market”.[60] On 15 Jan 1823 the New Haven Post Office
placed a notice of letters remaining in that post office as of 31 Dec 1822 in The Sandusky Clarion. According to the
notice, Luther had two unclaimed letters.[61] A few months later, on April 23, 1823, The Sandusky Clarion ran another notice
regarding letters remaining in the New Haven Post Office as of 31 Mar 1823. Luther Coe was listed as having one unclaimed
letter in this notice.[62] An article in the same newspaper, dated 8 Oct
1823, listed candidates for the next election.
Running for Senator were Jabez Wright and Josiah Barber; for
Representative were Eleutheros Cooke, Ebenezer Merry and Israel Harrington; for
Commissioner (of which two would be elected), were Eli S. Barnum, Timothy
Taylor, Platt Benedict, Schuyler Van Rensselaer, Martin G. Shellhouse and Eli
Holiday, with Zebediah Morse declining; for Sherriff were Harvey G. Morse,
Philo Adams and Luther Coe; for Auditor, running unopposed, was Moses Kimball;
for Coroner were Luke Keeler, Samuel Preston, John Boalt and Charles F. Drake.[63]
On 15 Feb 1824 an advertisement
for Hascell’s patent Grist Mills was given to The Mansfield Gazette, and run in that paper on 18 Mar 1824. It states: “We the undersigned hereby
certify, that we have seen in operation one of Hascell’s patent Grist Mills,
owned by Luther Coe, Esq. in New Haven, which ground one bushel of corn (not
tolled) into good fine meal in 11 minutes with one horse power.
“We believe the improvement to be very important for the construction of horse mills, as well as mills on small streams of water, requiring not more than one third the power of common mills, in consequence of the stones being conical, and performing the work much nearer the spindle, and discharging the grain sooner. (Signed) Powers, Ebenezar Fisher, David Gunsaulis.
“We the undersigned having seen one of Messrs. John & David Haskell’s improved patent Grist Mills, owned by Luther Coe, Esq. now in operation in the township of New Haven, Huron county, with a twenty-one inch stone, and carried by one horse power – we have had grinding done at said mill for several months past, and we feel it our duty to inform the public that we believe the said invention to be a very valuable improvement for horse mill, and also for water mills on small streams, as it does not take to exceed one third the power to carry them that it does horizontal stones of the same surface. The mill grinds from four to five bushels in an hour, and has given general satisfaction to customers. We also believe that it will grind faster and equally as well as mills on the common construction. (Signed) David Powers, George Yearina, Seth F. Fortee, Hosea Harnden, Wm. B. Matthewson, Jesse B. Frost, William York, Aaron Servis, David Cole, Samuel Gloyd, John D. Bovier, John Watson, John Barney, Horace Hough, A.D. W. Bodley, A.F. Wilson, Daniel Gunsaullus, Joseph Wilson, [of] New Haven.”[64]
It would be interesting to know what kind of monetary consideration was given to Luther by the patent holders of Hascell’s Patent Grist Mills.
Based on an article regarding letters remaining in the New
Haven, OH Post Office that ran in The Sandusky
Clarion, on 24 Jul 1824, it would appear that Mary Ann’s father (and Luther
and Alvin’s half-brother) Ithamar Coe, visited New Haven, OH in the spring of
1824[65]. Was Mary Ann living with Luther Coe and
family?
In the August 1824 term of the
Huron County Court of Common Pleas, Luther Coe and Henry Barney were defendants
in a suit brought by Harvey Westfall for a debt of $272.50 and damages of
$48.25. In the suit, Harvey Westfall
claimed that Luther and Henry trespassed, giving some indication that the suit
may have had to do with monies owed for property[66]. Having been found responsible for this debt,
Luther Coe and Henry Barney’s property was put up for sale by Sheriff H.G.
Morse as follows: Sheriff’s Sale. State of Ohio, Huron County, ss. By virtue of a writ of Ven. Exponas, to be
directed and delivered, issued from the court of common pleas in and for the
county aforesaid, will be exposed for sale at the house of Luther Coe, in
New-Haven, on the 28th day of February instant, between the hours of
10 A.M., and 4 P.M. of that day, 2 yoke of Oxen, 2 horse, 4 two year old
Steers, 3 cows, 2 yearling Heifers, 50 bushels of wheat, 20 bushels of oats, 3
tons of hay, 9 hogs, one plough, one harrow, one fanning-mill, one grind-stone,
50 bushels of potatoes, 2 chains, and one clock; taken as the property of
Luther Coe, and Henry Barney, at the suit of Harvey Westfall. H.G. MORSE, Sheriff, Feb. 18, 1826.”[67] Between the dates of the appearance docket
and the outcome of the suit, The Sandusky
Clarion ran an article regarding letters remaining in the New Haven, Ohio
Post Office as of 30 Jun 1825. Luther
Coe’s name appeared on this list.[68]
In the March 1826 term of the
Huron County Court of Common Pleas, Luther Coe brought suit against Moses S.
Beach. An issue docket related to this
suit and dated 26 Feb 1827 stated that “Pltff’s death suggested... [case]
discontinued”[69]. Between March 1826 and Feb 1827 Luther’s name
was listed in two newspaper articles running the names of unclaimed letters in
the New Haven Post Office on 31 Mar 1826[70], and 30
June 1826[71]. Luther’s obituary states that he died “On the
13th Sept 1827... in the 43th year of his age. Mr. Coe was one of the first settlers of this
county and consequently encountered many of its early embarrassments, and
privations, he left his place of residence (New Haven,) on a visit to Franklin
Indiana, at which place he resigned his life.
In recording his worth, we can say he was endowed with virtues
pre-eminently calculated to inspire unlimited confidence and conciliate the
most cordial esteem. To a mind
indefatigable in the pursuit of piety and christianity, he united a heart rich
in the qualities of greatness; honor; honesty and benevolence, were its most
prominent characteristics, patient and persevering, temperate yet inflexible –
few errors escaped his vigilence, no calumny provoked his passions; as a
husband and a father, he was indulgent and affectionate, as a friend, warm and
without guile, as a companion, facetious and improving – his memory will be
long cherished by those who had the pleasure of his acquaintance and his
irrepairable loss to his bereaved family, can never be erased from their minds
– yet will they not grieve as those without hope; but recollecting his strict
principles of morality and religion and the innocent and amiable tenor of his
life, look forward with a mournful pleasure to their re-union to him, in that
blessed world, where the pains of separation shall not be felt, or sorry of any
description invade the soul...”[72]
Luther’s widow, Sophia (Barney)
Coe and her cousin, Hallet Gallup, were appointed administrators of Luther’s
estate, with Christian Culp and Rouse Bly acting as sureties on the
estate. Based on the probate records at
the Huron County Surrogate’s Court, it does not appear that Luther owned any
real estate. In fact, his meager
belongings only included “a nursery on the farm of Rouse Bly [appraised at
$4.00]; one Auger [appraised at 87 ½ ¢];
one Wooden Clock [appraised at $6.00]; one grind stone [appraised at $1.00];
one large Iron kittle [appraised at $3.00]; Foure Hogs [appraised at $2.50];
and one half of three rows of current bushes [appraised at $1.00]. Total value of Luther Coe’s estate was listed
at $18.37 ½. According to the probate
record, H. Gallup and Sophia Coe “certify that the debts due to the estate of
Luther Coe deseast, Late of Newhaven Huron County and State of Ohio – as they
have come to our knowledge, amounts to one hundred one dollars thirty seven
cents. [Dated and signed] May 12th
1828”.[73]
Luther and Sophia (Barney) Coe
had six children that we know of: Brigadier General Seymour Barney Coe, born 17
Jan 1818 in New Haven, OH, who married Martha Patterson, had one child, Seymour
B. Coe, and died Feb 1888 in Jerusalem, Yates County, New York; Deacon Julius
Seward Coe, born 27 May 1819 in New Haven, married Mary Ann Szerdahely Von
Berlan 25 Sep 1849 in Norwalk, OH, by whom he had eight children, and died 10
Dec 1882, in Madison, Morris County, New Jersey; Mary Jane Coe, born 21 Nov
1820 in New Haven, who married Thomas Stibbs 15 Apr 1846 in Sugar Creek
Township, Wayne County, Ohio, by whom she had at least five children prior to
her death about 1903 in New York City; Persis Sophia Coe, born 14 Sep 1822 in
New Haven, who married Deacon Peter Swartout Brinkerhoff 30 Apr 1842 in Huron
County, OH, by whom she had five children prior to her death on 3 Jan 1855 in
New Haven; Danvers Luther Coe, born 17 Oct 1824 in New Haven, who married Eliza
Jane Hannah 18 Feb 1847, by whom he had thirteen children prior to his death 18
Feb 1873 in Wooster, Wayne County, Ohio; and Emily Maria Coe, born 13 Oct 1826
in New Haven, who married Henry Southwell (nothing more is known of this
family).
The widow Sophia (Barney) Coe,
whose half sister Mary Barney had married Rouse Bly on 20 Mar 1820 in New
Haven, OH[74]
and died in 1829 in New Haven[75], would
herself marry Rouse Bly on 26 Apr 1830 in Paris, Huron County, OH[76].
According to the 21 Apr 1827 issue of the Norwalk (Ohio)
Reporter and Advertiser, a letter remained in the Norwalk Post Office from the
21st of March 1827 for a Sally Pomeroy. To our knowledge, no other Pomeroys were in
Norwalk during this time, so it leads us to wonder whether this was a letter
intended for Mary Ann. We may never know.
Mary Ann in Norwalk, OH - Property and Divorce
The earliest record we have that puts Mary Ann in Norwalk,
Huron County, Ohio is a deed dated 6 Jul 1825, in which she purchased, from
Edward Petit, part of lot 6 in Norwalk, excepting the 18’ x 24’ portion whereon
stood a shop. According to the deed,
Mary Ann paid $120, cash in hand[77]. We have found no mortgage associated with
this deed.
It is likely, though, that Mary Ann was in Norwalk prior to
this date, as she filed a petition for divorce from her husband Spencer Pomeroy
in the August 1823 session of the Huron County Court, which was located in
Norwalk. On 16 August 1824 a judgment
was passed in which this petition was “discontinued”[78]. We’re not sure which party “discontinued” the
petition, was it the County Court, or Mary Ann?
We speculate that the petition for divorce was initiated because Mary
Ann was interested in buying property and as a married woman in those days, any
property she owned automatically belonged to her husband. As Spencer was still living in Onondaga
County, New York, we initially thought it unlikely that Spencer would ever know
about Mary Ann’s purchase of property, but once we started to research the
residents of Norwalk, we realized that many came from Pompey and Manlius, and
could possibly have alerted Spencer to Mary Ann’s actions.
Given this, it would appear that Mary Ann’s decision to buy
the property on lot 6 from Edward Petit was a rash decision, but we do not know
what other events may have precipitated this.
We also do not know what Mary Ann’s relationship to Edward Petit
was.
Edward Pettit was born about 1796[79],
possibly in New York State, as his younger sister Jerusha is identified as
being born in NY in 1801according to the 1850 US Federal Census. Edward is enumerated in the 24 May 1819
census of Norwalk[80]. On 3 Aug 1822 he purchased lot 6 in Norwalk
from Peter Tice for $150. Edward also
appears in the 1823 Census of Norwalk[81]. When Edward sold the property on lot 6 to
Mary Ann on 6 Jul 1825, he was about 29 years old, and single. Mary Ann would have been 35 years old. Edward died a mere nine months after, on 21
Apr 1826. His short obituary (the
standard of the day) in the Sandusky
Clarion states: “Died in Norwalk, on the 21st instant, Mr.
Edward Pettit, in the 30th year of his age – a very worthy,
industrious citizen and neighbor.
Printers in New York are requested to publish the above, for the
information of his relatives and friends.[82]”
Administration of Edward Pettit’s estate was initially
granted to Samuel Preston and Cyrus Butler on 10 May 1826, but was transferred
to Salmon Sharp of Dryden, Tompkins County, New York on 26 Jun 1826. Salmon Sharp was the brother of Ephraim
Sharp, who was married to Jerusha Pettit, a younger sister of Edward.
Salmon P. Sharp was born 24 Jan 1793 in Connecticut. He was a Lieutenant in the 109th
Regiment of Infantry of the New York Militia in 1816, a Captain of that same
regiment in 1818, and a Major of that regiment in 1820[83]. He was head of household in the 1820 US
Federal Census. In the household were
one free white male under 10, one free white male of 26 through 44, one free
white female under 10, and one free white female of 16 through 25, with two persons in the household were
engaged in agriculture. On the same
census page is John Sharp, whose household contains one free white male of 10
through 15, one free white male of 26 through 44, and one free white female of
16 through 25, with two persons engaged in agriculture. According to the book “American Guthrie and
Allied Families”, Salmon Sharp was the son of Eliakim Sharp and Hannah Guthrie,
and had 14 siblings: Jerusha Sharp; Nichols Sharp; Philine Sharp; born 1 Jan
1787 in Locke, Cayuga County, NY; Clarissa Sharp, born 21 Sep 1788 in Locke,
Amaluna Sharp, born 15 Aug 1790 in Locke, who married Asaph Webster and died 22
Jan 1870 in Footville, Rock County Wisconsin; Harlow Sharp, born 2 Nov 1794 in
Locke; Ephraim Sharp, born 8 Sep 1796 in Locke, who married Jerusha Pettit;
Mary Sharp, born 13 Sep 1798 in Locke; Aurelia Sharp, born 22 Jun 1801 in
Locke; Juliana Sharp, born 28 Dec 1803 in Locke; Sheldon Whittlesey Sharp, born
3 Apr 1809 in Locke, Hannah Sharp; Jane Sharp; and Calvin Sharp. The book also states that Salmon was born in
Locke[84], but
all census records we have found that indicate place of birth, consistently
report that Salmon was born in Connecticut.
No John Sharp is identified in the genealogy American Guthrie and Allied Families[85] as a
brother of Salmon, but there may be some other relationship between these two
Sharps. The connection with Salmon Sharp
and Edward Pettit is tenuous, at best, and I wonder if there is more of a
connection between these families. It would
seem more likely that Jerusha’s husband Ephraim Sharp would act as administrator
of Edward’s estate, rather than her brother-in-law Salmon.
An article in Vol. XI of The
Firelands Pioneer, by Hadley K. Rood, lists members and visitors of the Mt.
Vernon (Masonic) Lodge Number 64 in Norwalk, Ohio from 1821 through 1828. S. Sharp is identified, although no specific
date is mentioned[86]. We assume that the S. Sharp is Salmon Sharp,
which would identify him as a mason. Did
Salmon have other connections with Norwalk, other than administering Edward
Pettit’s estate?
On 26 Jun 1826, Salmon Sharp (or more likely his agent Cyrus
Butler) placed a notice in the Sandusky
Clarion which ran prior to and on 5 Aug 1826 as follows:
“Notice.All persons having just claims against the estate of Edward Petit, late of Norwalk, Huron county, deceased, are hereby notified to present them to Cyrus Butler, (whom I have appointed my agent,) legally proven, for settlement, within one year from this date; and all persons indebted to said estate, are requested to make immediate payment to the said Cyrus Butler.SALMON SHARP, Adm'r.Norwalk, June 26th, 1826 9-4we[?][87]”
On 7 Jul 1826, a mortgage on
the property of the estate of Edward Petit, amounting to $157.50 was given by
Leverett Bradley to Salmon Sharp, as administrator of the estate[88].
According to the book Landmarks of Tompkins County, New York,
on 22 Nov 1827, the Tompkins County Board of Supervisors met to discuss the
establishment of a county poor house. On
that day a “resolution was passed declaring the advisability of establishing a
poor-house and appropriating the sum of $4,000 for that purpose. Of the sum appropriated, $1,500 were to be
levied at the session, $1,250 in 1828, and the remaining $1,250 in 1829. A committee of one from each town was named
to superintend the work of building, consisting of the following named persons:
Solomon Sharp, Dryden [Salmon?]; John Guthrie, Groton; Sullivan D. Hubbel,
Hector; Elbert Curtis, Danby; Nicholl Halsey, Ulysses; Gilbert J. Ogden,
Enfield; John White, Newfield; Nicholas Townsley, Lansing; Ira Tillotson,
Ithaca; Charles Mulks, Caroline.[89]”
On 6 Jul 1829, Salmon Sharp
and Mary Freese of Dryden were appointed the administrators of the estate of
the late Henry Freese of Dryden.[90] Henry Frees was listed as head of household
in Dryden, Tompkins County, New York, according to the 1820 US Federal
Census. In the household is one free
white male of 26 through 44, and one free white female of 15 through 25. Two people in the household are engaged in
agriculture. A Mary Friece is head of
household in Dryden according to the 1830 US Federal Census. In her household is one free white male of 5
through 9, one free white female under 5, one free white female of 5 through 9,
one free white female of 20 through 29 and one free white female of 60 through
69. Listed below Mary on this census is
a John Friece and a Barbara Friece, heads of households. Near the bottom of the census page is a
Samuel Sharpe listed as head of household.
In his household is one free white male under 5, one free white male of
5 through 9, 1 free white male of 10 through 14, one free white male of 30
through 39, one free white female of 5 through 9, 1 free white female of 10
through 14 and one free white female of 30 through 39. This may be Salmon Sharp and his family. Could Mary Freese have been Salmon’s sister?
On 8 Jan 1830, the Ithaca
Journal ran a notice of a list of letters remaining in the post-office in
Dryden on 1 Jan 1830. This list included
two letters for Salmon Sharp[91]. Salmon placed a notice in the Ithaca Journal
on 26 Jan 1830 which ran on 17 Feb 1830 stating:
“SALMON SHARP, notice first published January 20th 1830: creditors to appear before Andrew D.W. Bruyn, Esq. first judge of Tompkins county, at his office in Ithaca, on the ninth day of March 1830, at 10 o’clock in the forenoon. 6w49----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------NOTICE – All persons having demands against the subscriber are requested to meet at the time and place above mentioned, when a full and satisfactory explanation will be given of the causes that produced the necessity of the above transaction.SALMON SHARPJanuary 26. 50[92]”
On 31 Mar 1830, a notice was
placed in the Ithaca Journal stating:
NOTICE.THE undersigned, having been duly appointed as Trustee of the estate of SALMON SHARP, an Insolvent Debtor of the town of Dryden in the County of Tompkins, gives notice that all persons indebted to the said Insolvent are hereby required by the 7th day of May next to render an account of all debts and sums of Money owing by them respectively, to me, at my dwelling house in the said town of Dryden, and to pay the same.And all persons having in their possession any property or effects of such debtor are required to deliver the same to the said trustee by the day so appointed.And also, all the creditors of such Insolvent Debtor are hereby required to deliver their representative accounts and demands to the said trustee by the 8th day of May next. Dated at Dryden, N.Y. March 23 18305w58 WM. BISHOP[93]
Regardless of his financial
woes, Salmon continued to pursue civic responsibilities, as illustrated in this
notice in the Ithaca Journal on 9 Jun 1830:
“CELEBRATION AT LIBERTYVILLEThe anniversary of American independence will be celebrated at the Inn of Major Church in Libertyville, on Monday the 5th of July next.The order of the day will appear more particularly previous to the day of celebration.Gen. Daniel D. Minier, Col. Charles Davis,Thomas Bishop, Capt. John Bloom,Joseph Knettles, Nathan Benson, Esq.Jesse McKenney, Jacob L. Ozmon,Col. John C. Egbert, Abraham Fletcher,Capt. Wm. M. Egbert, Thomas Hanse, Esq.Capt. Zenas Tichenor, jr. Salmon Sharp,Col. John D. Christie, Freeman Drake,John Rose.[94]”
Salmon was also concerned in
local politics, as evidenced by this notice in the Ithaca Journal, published 27
Oct 1830:
TOWN OF DRYDEN.At a meeting of the Republican Electors of the town of Dryden, held at the Inn of George B. Guinnip, on Monday the 25th October, 1830, ABM. TANNER Esq. was chosen Chairman, and MOSES C. BROWN, Secretary.Resolved, That Parley Whitmore, Col. Bowen Sweetland, Asa Phillips, Edward Hunting, Benjamin Aldridge, Wm. F. Tanner, Moses C. Brown, James Sweetland, George Carr, Wint Allen, Joseph Hart, James McElhany, Wm. Sutfin, Richard Lacy, Hiram A. Root, James Lacy, Albert Phillips, Salmon Sharp, Casper Miller, Henry Krum, Samuel Gume, Israel S. Hoyt, David J. Baker, Ebenezer Brown, John Munson Constant Webster, Isaac Smith, and Libbeus B. Guile, be a committee of Vigilence to attend the Polls, and use their exertions to promote the success of the Republican Ticket in this town.Resolved, That we cordially approve of the National and State administrations.Resolved, That we approve of the nominations of ENOS T. THROOP, and EDWARD P. LIVINGSTON for Governour and lieutenant-governour, JOSEPH REYNOLDS, for Senator, - CHARLES HUMPHREY, for member of Congress, and CALEB SMITH, DANIEL B. SWARTWOOD and DANIEL D. MINIER, for members of Assembly; and that we will use all honourable means to ensure their election.Resolved, That we view political Anti-Masonry as any thing but honest RepublicanismResolved, That the proceeding of this meeting by signed by the Chaiman [sic] and Secretary and published.ABM. TANNER, ChairmanMOSES C. BROWN, Sec'y.[95]
A Sergeant Salmon Sharp of
Cayuga County received a military pension for his service in the 23rd
Regiment of the U.S. Infantry on 15 Dec 1831[96],
Salmon and his family had
settled in Adams, Hillsdale County, Michigan by May 1835 according to the book History of Hillsdale County Michigan:
“The first settler in what is now the township of Adams was Salmon Sharp, who came with his son, Norman S. Sharp, from Auburn, Cayuga Co., N.Y., in the spring of 1835. He selected his land in the month of April of that year, and while his son stayed upon it he went on foot to Monroe, recorded his entry at the land-office, and returned in the same way. While Mr. Sharp, Sr., returned to New York for his family, the son and Samuel Healey, who had also come, kept "bachelors' hall" in a log house which was erected by Salmon Sharp and son, and his brother, Sheldon W. Sharp, with the aid of George Omens, who was at that time stopping at the "Scipio House" in Moscow, on the Chicago road, at the west line of the township, where Lorenzo Benson now lives. Mr. Omens made the shingles for Mr. Sharp's house, and afterwards for others in the vicinity. This rude dwelling was 10 logs high, and 18 by 24 feet in dimensions, and was the first one erected in the township for the use of a white family.Salmon Sharp is now residing in Wayne Co., Ia., aged eighty-six years, and his brother, Sheldon W. Sharp, in California. Norman S. Sharp, who is still living in Adams, is consequently its oldest resident settler, and occupies land entered by his father, on section 2, west of the old farm. His wife is a daughter of Sylvester Twogood, who settled a mile farther north, in Mosco, in June, 1836. He was from Dryden, Tompkins Co., N.Y., and has been dead over thirty years. His widow is still living.At the same time Salmon Sharp selected his land in Adams, his brother, Sheldon W. Sharp, S.A. Whittaker, and Samuel Healey located close by in Moscow. They were conducted to it by Zacharia Van Duzar, of Moscow. Lot Fulkerson also settled in Moscow, in the same neighborhood (section 35) at about the same time. In the fall of the same year (1835) the families of S.A. Whittaker, James Fitten, and Anthony Ingham came to their new homes in the forest, from near Lawrence, Mass. They all located on the tract taken up by Mr. Whittaker.[97]”
Salmon’s wife Eunice (White)
died in 1857 in Iowa, and Salmon died 23 Oct 1879 in Iowa. He is buried in the Sharp Cemetery in Walnut,
Wayne Co., IA[98]
As part of the settlement of
Edward Pettit’s estate, the heirs of Edward Pettit deeded the shop on lot 6 in
Norwalk, OH to Mary Ann Pomeroy on 28 Jul 1826, for $75. Named in the deed as heirs to Edward Pettit
were “William Swansbrough and Lucy his wife, Ephraim Sharp and Jerushia his
wife, Hyrum Young and Ann his wife, Lydia Sharp, widow of James Pettit all of
the State of New York”[99]. Once again, no mortgage was found associated
with this deed.
A ‘divorce’ between Mary Ann and Spencer Pomeroy was found
in the Huron County, Ohio Deed book as follows[100]:
“Spencer Pomeroy to Mariam his Wife Cancel of Marriage ContractThis may Certify to all whom it may concern that I Spencer by a Mutual agreement between me and my wife Mariam, have, and do by these presents revoke, and disannull the marriage covenant between myself and the said Mariam forever, and that I do discharge her the said Mariam in every particular manner name or nature whatsoever, as being no longer my wife, and she has liberty and full right to marry and live with any one that she may make her choice so far as it may concern me, as I will never disturb her in any situation in life whatsoever witness my hand and sealSpencer Pomeroy LSDated at Pompey this 19t day of October 1816. Witness Calvin S BallRecd and Recorded August 7t 1834 Paul G. Smith Dep.(crossed out)Ichabod Marshall Recorder”
Such types of arrangements can be found printed in early
newspapers, which, while not legal divorces, do provide some protection from
one party against the others’ expenses.
Was this devise created in lieu of a formal divorce? Was this a legitimate, New York State
approved divorce? It seems
unlikely. In 1816 in New York State,
divorces were granted through the Chancery Court. No records of this divorce have been found in
the NY State Chancery Court records.
It is interesting to note that the witness to this
‘homemade’ divorce was Calvin J. Ball, Mary Ann’s cousin (son of her mother’s
younger brother Lebbeus Ball, Jr.) At
the date of this divorce, Calvin was just 18 years old[101]. Calvin would later become the Pompey, NY town
clerk from 1832 through 1841, 1844 through 1846, 1848 through 1851 and again
from 1852 to 1867[102]. Calvin was an acting town clerk when this
divorce was received and recorded in Huron County, Ohio. Mary Ann’s husband Spencer Pomeroy was dead
by this time. Was this divorce a convenient
deception created by Calvin Ball at a later date to help out a favorite
cousin?
Although Mary Ann Pomeroy was deeded property on in lot 6 in
Norwalk, there is some confusion regarding whether Mary Ann actually paid for
this property, as the estate continues to assume the tax burden through 1834[103]. The 1826 tax roll for Norwalk, Ohio, lists
Edward Petit owing taxes for property for the whole of lot 6, valued at
$80. The 1827 and 1829 tax rolls for
Norwalk, Ohio, lists the Estate of Edward Pettit responsible for taxes incurred
on the whole of lot 6, valued at $80.
The 1831 and 1832 tax records for Norwalk, Ohio, show that the Estate of
Edward Pettit is paying taxes on lot 6 in the town, valued at $150 and assessed
for a canal tax, a school tax, a road tax and a township tax.
1833 and 1834 tax records for Norwalk, Ohio, lists the
Estate of Edward Pettit responsible for taxes incurred on the whole of lot 6,
valued at $150. 1835 tax records for
Norwalk, Ohio, show that Mary Ann Powers was taxed for property on town lot 6,
valued either at, we believe, $358 (copy of microfilm is very difficult to
read). As nearly as we can make out, she
and others in the town owning property, were assessed a canal tax, a school tax,
a road tax and a township tax. There was
no listing for heirs of Edward Petit in that year. There are no records for a Mary Ann Powers on
the 1836 or 1837 Norwalk Ohio tax rolls.
In 1838, Mary Ann Powers was taxed on property on town lot 6, this time
valued at $215. .
In fact, Edward Pettit’s estate was not settled until 30 Mar
1908, almost 82 years after his death, after a new administrator, Ben B.
Wick[h]am, was appointed on the 28th of that month, and submitted an
affidavit stating that “no money, or other property to the value of anything
ever, came into (his) possession, or into the possession of any other person
for (him), as such administrator; that there is not property of any kind in
expectancy dependent upon the settlement of the estate of any deceased person,
or upon the execution of any trust, that will come into (his) hands, as such
administrator as (he) verily believe(s) except a mortgage given by Leverett
Bradley to Salmon Sharp as administrator of the estate of Edward Petit, which
stands uncancelled of record, which mortgage was executed July 27, 1826, to
secure the payment of a loan of $157.50 which loan as (he) verily believe(s)
had been paid and discharged”.
Prior to that, on 1 Mar 1826,
Mary Ann Pomeroy again petitioned the Huron County Court for a divorce from
Spencer Pomeroy:
“2/84 (vol./pg?)Pleas before the Honourable the Judges of the Supreme Court begun and held in Norwalk in and for the County of Huron State of Ohio on the Ninth day of August, AD 1827.Mary Ann Pomeroy vs. Spencer PomeroyPetition for Divorce, Be it remembered that on the ninth day of August AD 1827 came the Petition by her Atty and presents the following petition to wit,To the Honourable the Supreme Court of the State of Ohio [and] to be held in [at] Norwalk in and for the County of Huron.The petition of Mary Ann Pomeroy of Norwalk in said County humbly showeth unto your [Honors] that on the fifth day of March AD 1807 she was lawfully joined in marriage to Spencer Pomeroy of the State of New York with whom she lived in the fruitful and constant performance of all the duties of the marriage contract on her part until on or about the latter end of the year 1811. When he the said Spencer without any cause known to your Petitioner willfully absented himself and totally abandoned and deserted her leaving her destitute of the means of living, with two infant children to support and has ever since continued his absence and has never since furnished her with any means to support herself or children, And your petitioner would further state that during the time the said Spencer lived with her his conduct was uniformly harsh barbarous and cruel in the extreme, And your petitioner would further state that since her marriage with said Spencer his conduct towards other women has been extremely lewd and improper and that he has been guilty of the crime of Adultery..May it therefore please your Honors to take her unhappy situation into your deliberate consideration and by your Decree to dissolve the marriage contract between her and the said Spencer and to restore her to all the privileges of a femme sole and your petitioner as in duty bound will ever "pray"March 1st 1826Mary Ann Pomeroy by Wms her Atty”
State of OhioHuron County ss} Personally came before me Samuel Preston a Justice of the peace in the Township of Norwalk in and for the County of Huron Joseph C Curtiss of lawful age who being solemnly sworn deposith and with saith that he did in on the 29th day of May last serve this copy of this Bill to which this Deposition is attached upon Spencer Pomeroy in the State of New York and informed him of the contents thereof,,Joseph C Curtiss..State of Ohio Huron County} August 3d AD 1826Then personally camebefore my Joseph C Curtiss and made oath as above stated..S Preston Jus Peace,, [104]“
The petition was continued as follows:
“And now at this Term of August 1826 came the Pltff by her Atty and on Motion this cause is continued for notice,,[105]”
In August 1827, the petition
was dismissed as follows:
“And now at this Term of August 1827 came the Petitioner by her Atty and thereupon this cause is dismissed for want of JurisdictionCalvin Pease Chief Judge[106]”
It appears that when Mary Ann was suing Spencer for a
divorce that this information was not published in the local paper (then the Sandusky Clarion), as Spencer lived out
of state. This could have kept her
situation much more private than those unlucky women whose names were splashed
across every newspaper for months at a time.
According to Henry Timman,
retired Clerk of the Huron County Court, author, Norwalk historian and member
of the Firelands Historical Society, the dismissal of this case seemed unusual
to him as “other divorces were granted when one party was out of state.”[107] The answer to this dismissal of this petition
may lie in the laws of the time.
According to The
Statutes of Ohio and the Northwestern Territory, Vol. II:
“1. Be it enacted &c. That the supreme court
shall have the sole cognizance of granting divorces where either of the parties
had a former wife or husband living at the time of solemnizing the second
marriage, or where either of the parties shall be willfully absent from the
other three years, or in case of adultery, or where either of the parties is
actually impotent at the time of marriage, or in case of extreme cruelty, or
where either party has been or shall hereafter be sentenced to imprisonment in
the penitentiary and is actually imprisoned therein for any infraction of the
criminal laws of this state; Provided, application shall be made for divorce
during the time of imprisonment aforesaid.
“2. That in all
cases where divorces shall be applied for, the complainant shall file his or
her petition in the office of the clerk of the supreme court, three months
before the sitting of the said court, and shall also served the adverse party
with a copy of said petition, within one month after filing the same in the
office aforesaid, unless the party is not resident in the county, in which case
public notice shall be given in one of the newspapers of the state, for three
months, which petition shall state the true cause of complaint: whereupon, if
the party complained of reside within the county, a summons shall issue
requiring the party to appear before the judges of the said court and answer
the allegation of said petition, which answer shall be received without oath;
and if the party complained of shall not appear, or appearing, shall deny the
fact or facts stated in the said petition, the court shall thereupon proceed to
hear and determine the same, and it shall be the duty of the court to assign
counsel to either party, when they are not of sufficient ability to pay an
adequate compensation, and such counsel or attorney shall not charge or receive
any compensation for such services.
“3, That if upon
trial, it shall appear by disinterested testimony to the satisfaction of the
court, that the party complained against, had a husband or wife of a former
marriage living, or was guilty of adultery*, willful absence [or] extreme
cruelty, or where either party has been or shall hereafter be sentenced to
imprisonment in the penitentiary, and shall be actually imprisoned therein for
any infraction of the criminal laws of this state, or shall have been impotent
at the time of marriage, then in any such case the court may proceed, by
sentence or decree, in the same court, to pronounce the marriage between the
parties dissolved, and both of them freed from the obligation of the same:
Provided, that the confession of neither of the parties shall be received as
testimony: Provided, always, that the dissolution of such marriage shall in
nowise affect the legitimacy of the children thereof, and the court shall take
such order for the distribution, care and maintenance of the children of such
marriage, (if any there be,) as shall appear just and reasonable and the
circumstanced of the parties may require: Provided, however, that the court in
their discretion, and where the evidence shall justify such decree, may grant
alimony and a divorce from bed and board, or either, instead of a dissolution
of the marriage contract.
“4. That in all
cases where an application is made for a divorce, under the provisions of this
act, proof of co-habi[ta]tion and reputation of the marriage of the parties
may, at the discretion of the court, be taken and received by the court as
sufficient evidence of such marriage, any law usage or custom to the contrary
notwithstanding†.
“5. That when a
divorce shall be decreed in case of the aggression of the husband, the woman
shall be restored to all her lands and tenements, and be allowed out of the
husband’s real and personal estate such share as the court shall think
reasonable, having regard to the personal property that came to him by marriage
and his estate at the time of divorce; but if the divorce shall arise from the
aggression of the wife, the court may order her, restoration of the whole or
part of the lands, tenements and hereditaments, (as to them shall appear to be
just and right,) and also share of the husband’s personal property as may
appear reasonable, all circumstances considered.
“6. That when the
cause of divorce shall arise from the aggression of the wife, she shall be
barred of her right of dower whether there be issue or not.
“7. That the said
court shall have power to grant alimony to the wife for her sustenance during
the pendency of a petition filed for any of the causes aforesaid: and in all
the cases aforesaid, where she may file a petition of alimony alone, without
the prayer for the dissolution of the bonds of matrimony.
“8. That all
applications for divorce, under this act, shall be made within the county where
the parties lived at the time of their separation or application.
“9. That this act
shall take effect and be in force from and after the first day of June next:
and the act concerning divorce and alimony, passed January eleventh, one
thousand eight hundred and twenty-two, be, and the same is hereby
repealed. [Passed, January 7, 1824.]”
*The application for divorce is to the equitable
jurisdiction of the court, and must be decided by the principles which prevail
in courts of equity. The complainant
must come with clean hands and chaste character, not stained with the same
infamy and crime of which he complains.
When the parties are in pari
delicto, to grant relief to either of them, would be offering a bounty of
guilt. It would place the permanency of
the marriage contract, in every case, at the disposal of the contracting
parties, and remove one of the strongest motives to that correctness and
chastity of conduct, which is necessary to render the marriage state either
pleasant or convenient. Where the
applicant for divorce for the crime of adultery, is himself living in adultery,
the bill must be dismissed. (Mattox vs. Mattox, 2 O.R. 233.)
† When
application was made for divorce on the ground that the defendant had a former
wife living at the time of the marriage with the complainant, and complainant
offered to prove the first marriage by
cohabitation and reputation, the court refused to hear the evidence. (Houpt
vs. Houpt, 5 O.R. 539.)
Depositions offered to support a petition for divorce, taken
without notice to defendant, or upon notice published in a newspaper, cannot be
read; though the defendant has no known agent or attorney, and no known place
of residence. (Lattier vs. Lattier, 5 O.R. 538.)
As to what allegations a petition
for divorce should contain under O.L. c. 624, 736. See Lattier
vs. Lattier, 5 O.R. 538.”[108]
While this court case dragged
on, major personal events occurred in Mary Ann’s personal life. On 6 Aug 1826, in Le Roy, Genesee Co., NY,
Mary Ann’s mother, Sarah (Ball) Coe, died[109]. Within the month, on 26 Aug 1826, in Le Roy,
her father Ithamar Coe died[110]. It seems unlikely that Mary Ann and her
children could have afforded the trip to Le Roy for the burials.
In his will, dated 23 Aug
1826, Ithamar bequeathed $3 to his daughter Mary Ann Pomeroy. Mary Ann’s brother Martin also received
$3. Other siblings of Mary Ann and
Martin received substantially more of the estate.[111] As we know that Martin was a favored son, we
wonder whether both Martin and Mary Ann had been given their share of the
estate prior to Ithamar devising his will.
How else would Mary Ann have had the money to purchase property in
Norwalk? Martin was a considerable land
owner of the Craigie Tract of Western New York[112],
a trustee of the Presbyterian Church of Le Roy[113],
and had served as a Lieutenant Colonel and Colonel in the 195th
Infantry of the New York Militia[114].
On 7 Jul 1826, Mary Ann was
awarded a judgment in the Huron County Court against John D. Hoskins in the
amount of $14.54, and relating to the Edward Pettit estate as follows:
No. 104 - The State of
Ohio Huron County
“At a Court before S. Preston
J. Peace Feby. 8, 1826
Mary Ann Pomeroy Plaintiff vs.
John D. Hoskins Defendant
July 7 1826 Be it remembered that I Mary Ann Pomeroy for
a valuable consideration by me recd of Salmon Sharp Administrative of the
Estate of Edward Pettit Decd - have relinquished and assigned over to the said
Sharp all my right title and interest to the above judgment
(signed) Mary Ann Pomeroy
(for a debt of $14.54. Mary Ann Pomeroy won the case)”[115]
So, Mary Ann, apparently not
having procured a legal divorce from Spencer Pomeroy in New York, and now unable
to get a legal divorce from Spencer in Ohio, was the owner of property in
Norwalk which could be seized by her husband.
Was the reason that Mary Ann’s petition for divorce from Spencer Pomeroy
was dismissed due to the fact that she may also have been in an adulterous
affair?
Next Week: Part 4 - Mary Ann and Benjamin Junkins
[1]
Publication Committee, Re-Union of the
Sons and Daughters of the Old Town of Pompey, Held at Pompey Hill, June 29,
1871 (Syracuse: Courier Printing Company, 1875) 296 - 300
[2] Jack
Gieck, A Photo Album of Ohio’s Canal Era,
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[3]
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[4]
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Descendants 1340-1910 with Notices of Other Coe Families, 136
[5]
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[6]
”Luther Coe”, 46-48
[7]
William W. Pollock, “Fire Lands Reminiscences”, The Fire Lands Pioneer, Vol 1 [June, 1858] 43-44
[8]
Ibid.
[9]
A.H. Betts, “Memoir of Rev. Alvin Coe”, The
Fire Lands Pioneer, Vol 2 (Nov. 1859), 43-44
[10]
Crisfield Johnson, compiler, History of
Cuyahoga County, Ohio, (Cleveland: D.W. Ensign & Co., 1879) 440
[11]
Mrs. Fannie Smith, ”Fire Lands Reminiscences”, The Fire Lands Pioneer, Vol 1, No 3 (March 1859) P 33-36
[12]
“Memoir of Rev. Alvin Coe”, 43-44
[13]
William S. Kennedy, The Plan of Union or
A History of the Presbyterian & Congregational Churches of the Western
Reserve, (Hudson: Pentagon Steam Press, 1856) 176-177
[14]
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[15]
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[http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=440], accessed 6 Mar 2008
[16]
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[17]
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[18]
Charles B. Simmons, “Memoirs of Townships – Greenfield”, The Fire Lands Pioneer, Vol I [November, 1858]; 13-18
[19]
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1865]; 9-17
[20]
Alvan Coe household, 1820 U.S. Census, Greenfield, Huron County, Ohio, P 79,
National Archives microfilm publication M33_88
[21]
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[22]
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Margaretta,” The Fire Lands Pioneer, Vol
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[23]
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[24]
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City, UT
[26]
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[27]
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Reserve, [Hudson: Pentagon Steam Press, 1856]
[28]
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Vol. II, [Chicago and New York: The American Historical Society, Inc.,
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[29]
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Line 3; National Archives microfilm publication roll 429
[30]
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Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan, [Ypsilanti: The Ypsilantian Job
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[31]
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Dwelling 1267, Family 1308; National Archives microfilm publication M432_733
[32]
G.T. Stewart, Esq., “Luther Coe,” The
Fire Lands Pioneer, Vol I, Issue 2 [Nov 1858]; 46-48
[33]
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Pioneer, New Series, Vol. II [1884];
[34]
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Containing the Old and New Testaments: Translated out of the original Tongues;
and with the former Translations Diligently Compared and Revised with Canne’s
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[35]
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York, 1783-1821, [Albany: State of
New York, 1901] 692
[36]
Orsamus Turner, Pioneer history of the
Holland purchase of Western New York, [Buffalo: Jewett, Thomas & Co.,
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[37]
Southampton, Genesee County, New York, 1803 Tax Assessment Rolls, Box 17,
Folder 7, Roll 7, unpaginated entries arranged alphabetically, entry for Luther
Coe, 28 June 1803; New York State Archives Series B-0950
[38]
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[39]
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Advocate, Batavia, NY, 10 May 1838, P 3, Col 5.
[40]
Dwight H. Bruce, Onondaga’s Centennial,
Gleanings of a Century, [Boston: The Boston History Company, 1896]; 943
[41]
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Syracuse, NY
[42]
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on-line] Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011. Original data; Town of Salina, Onondaga
County, New York, Miscellaneous Collections 1805-1912, Liverpool, New York:
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[43]
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Syracuse, NY
[44]
G.T. Stewart, Esq., “Luther Coe”, The
Fire Lands Pioneer, Vol I, Issue 2 [Nov 1858]; 46-48
[45]
Charles B. Simmons, “Memoirs of Townships – Greenfield,” The
Fire Lands Pioneer, Vol I [Nov. 1858] 13-18
[46]
“Salina, New York, Miscellaneous Records, 1805-1969”,
[47]
Roster of Ohio Soldiers in War of 1812, ohiohistory.org online
[http://www.ohiohistory.org/onlinedoc/war 1812/roster/1812/txt/page0097.txt],
accessed 5 Jun 2007
[48]
Mrs. Elizabeth Powers Minn, “Fire Lands Reminiscences”, The Fire Lands Pioneer, Vol 1 [March 1859]; 46-48
[49]
Ibid
[50]
History of Richland County, Allen L Potts online
[http://www.heritagepursuit.com/Richland/RichlandIndex.htm], accessed 12 Feb
2008
[51]
History of the Fire Lands, Comprising
Huron and Erie Counties, 301
[52]
“Official Records of the Firelands”, The
Fire Lands Pioneer [Mar 1860]; 21-25
[53]
J. Gardner Bartlett, Robert Coe, Puritan:
His Ancestors and Descendants 1340-1910 with Notices of Other Coe Families,
[Boston: J. Gardner Bartlett, 1911] 199
[54]
Henry Barney household, 1810 U.S. Census, Genoa, Cayuga County, New York, P 1269;
National Archives microfilm publication M252_31
[55]
A.G. Stewart, Esq., “Memoirs of Townships – New Haven”, The Fire Lands Pioneer, [March, 1859]; 7-16
[56]
Ibid.
[57]
Luther Coe household, 1820 U.S. Census, New Haven, Huron County, Ohio, p 74;
National Archives microfilm publication M33_88
[58]
Road from Columbus to Sandusky article, The
Sandusky Clarion, Sandusky, OH, 29 May 1822, P 2 Col. 2
[59]
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[http://www.heritagepursuit.com/Crawford/crCh8.htm], accessed 14 May 2007
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Farmer’s Exporting Company of Huron County notice, The Sandusky Clarion, Sandusky, OH, 31 Jul 1822, P 3, Col 3.
[61]
Letters remaining at the New Haven Post Office article, The Sandusky Clarion, Sandusky, OH 15 Jan 1823
[62]
Letters remaining at the new Haven Post Office article, The Sandusky Clarion, Sandusky, OH 23 Apr 1823
[63]
Candidates for the suffrages of the people in the next election article, The Sandusky Clarion, Sandusky, OH 8 Oct
1823, P 1, Col 1
[64]
Hascell’s Patent Grist Mills advertisement, The
Mansfield Gazette, Mansfield, OH, 18 Mar 1824
[65]
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article, Sandusky Clarion, Sandusky,
OH, 24 Jul 1824
[66]
Huron County, Ohio Common Pleas Appearance Docket, August Term 1824; Page 18,
FHL Film #129117, Salt Lake City, UT
[67]
Sheriff’s Sale article, The Sandusky
Clarion, Sandusky, OH, 4 Mar 1826
[68]
Letters remaining at the New Haven Post Office notice, The Sandusky Clarion, Sandusky, OH 9 Jul 1825.
[69]
Huron County, Ohio Appearance Docket, March Term 1826; Page 240, FHL Film #
1299117, Salt Lake City, UT
[70]
Letters remaining at the New Haven Post Office article, The Sandusky Clarion, Sandusky, OH, 15 Apr 1826.
[71]
Letters remaining at the New Haven Post Office article, The Sandusky Clarion, Sandusky, OH, 8 Jul 1826, P 3, Col 5.
[72]
Luther Coe obituary, Norwalk Reporter
& Huron Advertiser, Norwalk, OH, 27 Oct 1827, P 3, Col. 2.
[73]
Luther Coe Probate File, Huron County, Ohio Probate Records, 1815-1900, Ohio
Probate Court (Huron County) FHL Film #130366, Salt Lake City, UT
[74]
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[www.rootsweb.com/pub/usgenweb/oh/erie/marriage/HurMar38.txt]
[75]
J.H. Niles, “Rouse Bly”, The Fire Lands
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[76]
Married article, The Huron Reflector, Norwalk,
OH 4 May 1830, P 3, Col 3.
[77]
Huron County Deed Records, Vol 4, P 441, Huron County Clerk’s Office, Norwalk,
OH
[78]
Mary Pomeroy vs. Spencer Pomeroy, (1824), County Clerk Office, Norwalk, OH.
[79]
Edward Petit obituary, Sandusky Clarion, Sandusky,
OH, 29 Apr 1826; P 3, Col 2.
[80]
W.W. Williams, History of The Fire Lands,
Comprising Huron and Erie Counties, Ohio (Cleveland: Leader Printing
Company, 1879) 118-119
[81]
Ibid, 119
[82]
Edward Pettit obituary, Sandusky Clarion,
Sandusky, OH, 29 Apr 1826
[83]
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York, 1783 – 1821, (Albany: State of New York, 1901) 1700-1701, 1904, 2164.
[84]
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Guthrie and Allied Families, (Chambersburg: The Kerr Printing Company,
1933) 152-3
[85]
Ibid
[86]
Hadley K. Rood, “Masonic Lodge Listed 1821-1828 Members and Visitors”, The Firelands Pioneer, Third Series,
Volume XI (1993); 9-10
[87]
Notice- Administration of Edward Pettit’s Estate article, Sandusky Clarion, Sandusky 5 Aug 1826, p. 3 col. 5
[88]
Edward Pettit, Probate Docket #1, Huron County Probate Court, Norwalk, OH.
[89]
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[90]
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[91]
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article, Ithaca Journal, Ithaca, NY,
8 Jan 1830, p 3
[92]
Notice, Ithaca Journal, Ithaca, NY 17
Feb 1830, p 3 col. 5.
[93]
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[94]
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[95]
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[96]
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[97]
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[98]
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[99]
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[100]
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[101]
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[102]
Sylvia Shoebridge, Nancy Edwards, Johanne Alexander, Harold Rodman, B.J.
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II, (Pompey: Township of Pompey, 1976) 441
[103]
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[104]
Huron County Court Records, 1826, Volume 2, page 84, Huron County Court,
Norwalk, OH.
[105]
Ibid.
[106].Ibid.
[107]
Letter from Henry R. Timman [Norwalk, OH] to William G. Pomeroy Jr, 17 Jan
2002; held by William Guilford Pomeroy, Jr (Syracuse, NY)
[108]
Salmon Chase, editor, The Statutes of
Ohio and of the Northwestern Territory, Adopted or Enacted From 1788 to 1833
Inclusive: Together with The Ordinance of 1787; The Constitutions of Ohio and
the United States, and Various Public Instruments and Acts of Congress:
Illustrated by a Preliminary Sketch of the History of Ohio; Numerous References
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[109]
LaVerne C. Cooley, Tombstone Inscriptions
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[110]
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[111]
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[112]
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Lake City, UT
[114]
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Appointment of the State of new York, 1783 – 1821, 1820,1821
[115]
Samuel Preston Dockets 2 thru 8, The Firelands Historical Society [Norwalk, OH]
accessed 20 Mar 2008 by Henry Timman.
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