tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-32851002686766051692024-03-13T22:28:53.716-04:00American Pomeroy Historic Genealogical AssociationThe Official Blog of the American Pomeroy Historic Genealogical Association. The home of the Great A.A. Pomeroy Book Update Project, the Pomeroy Anvil Trail, the Pomeroy Collection, the Eltweed Pomeroy YDNA Project and the Mary Ann Coe Project.
All articles on this blog are copyrighted by the American Pomeroy Historic Genealogical Association.Susan Hugheshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06412744821381463346noreply@blogger.comBlogger102125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3285100268676605169.post-43110162997537813742015-08-28T16:39:00.001-04:002015-08-28T16:39:55.383-04:00"The Terrible Gulf Storm": Sabine Pass, Texas and the Great Flood of 1886<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;">Susan Hughes, Director</span></i></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;"><i>APHGA </i></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;">This
past Sunday, the Syracuse, NY <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Post-Standard</i>
had a small paragraph noting that NBC <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Today
Show </i>weatherman (and SUNY Oswego alum) Al Roker was releasing a new book,
“The Storm of the Century,” on August 25. The book details the horrific events
surrounding the Great Hurricane of 1900 that hit Galveston, Texas. </span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;">August
27, 2015 was the tenth anniversary of Hurricane Katrina which caused so much
devastation to the Gulf Coast. Just a month after Katrina - on September 24, 2005
- </span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast;">Hurricane
Rita</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;">
came ashore.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The surge from that storm
destroyed more than 90% of the structures in Sabine Pass, Texas. Sabine Pass is
small community, part of the city of Port Arthur, lying on the channel that
separates Texas and Louisiana and provides access to Sabine Lake. </span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;">In
1886 Sabine Pass, Texas was also the home of the Pomeroy family – mother Eliza,
51; sons George J., 24, Reuben W., 18, Brick Fred (who went by Fred), 15 and
Charles D., 13; and daughters, Lovey, 11 and Lizzie J., 8. Eldest son George J.
had married Laura Jones three years earlier and they may have had a young
child. Two other daughters, Mary Louise, 29, and Oneida “Ida”, 21, were married
and living elsewhere in Texas. It appears this large family had lost their
patriarch, George Pomeroy, sometime between June 1880 and October 1886. The
last mention we find of him is in the 1880 U.S. Census where he is listed as a
55 year-old river pilot. </span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;">George Pomeroy was born in Vernon, Oneida County (did that inspire his daughter’s
name?), NY about 1822 (1). He enlisted in the U.S. Army in June of 1844, but
records show he deserted less than 3 months later (2). By 1850, George was in
Rio Grande, Texas and listed his occupation as mariner. He married Eliza
(Elizabeth Ogden) about 1856 (3) and by 1860 was living in Shreveport,
Louisiana. The Civil War did not pass George by as he served with the Texas
Volunteers, Confederate States Army, from 1863 to 1864. After the war, the
family settled in Sabine Pass where George made a living as a boatman and river
pilot (4) and was appointed Justice of the Peace for Precinct 3, Jefferson
County. (5) </span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;">In
October 1886, Sabine Pass was the second largest town in Jefferson County,
boasting a new rail line and an optimistic outlook on continued growth as a
major coastal port. On the afternoon of October 12, just two months after a
hurricane had destroyed the Texas port of Indianola, a fierce storm ravaged the
town of Sabine Pass. The hurricane's strength lay in its 100 mile-per-hour
winds and the swiftly rising water that swept homes off their foundations and
carried people and animals as far as 25 miles away. Eighty-six people, including
entire families, were killed, and only two of 77 houses remained intact after
the waters subsided. Stories of survival are documented as well, signifying the
determination of residents to endure the storm. (6) One of those survival
stories found the Pomeroy family prominently featured. </span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;">By
October 14, headlines across the country screamed the news that Sabine Pass had
been destroyed. The <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">New York Times</i>
stated, “Last night during the overflow a hotel containing 15 or 20 persons was
swept out in the bay and the occupants were drowned.” On October 15, survivors
were being located and their harrowing storied appeared in the newspaper. An
article in that day’s edition of the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">New
York Times</i> tells of two survivors who reported that the water began to rise
from the Gulf and the lake about 2 p.m. and rose rapidly. “The citizens of the
doomed place did not realize the imminent danger until it was too late to
escape.” (7) This is the first we see of the loss of members of the Pomeroy
family: “Mrs. Pomeroy and family of three.” That number would grow. </span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;">The
October 16 edition of the <i>New York Times </i>listed, “Mrs. Pomery [sic] and three
children.” Below that, “Mrs. G. Pomery [sic] and child.” Was this Laura, wife of
George J. Pomeroy, and their young child? </span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;">From
the October 15 <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Boston Evening Transcript</i>,
details began to emerge. </span></div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt;">The water kept rising, and between three and four o'clock the smaller
houses began to yield to the resistless force of the waves, which not only
moved them from their foundations, but turned them over on their sides and
tops. A little later the larger houses began to give way, and death by drowning
seemed in store for every person in the place. Great fatality accompanied the
giving way of the buildings.</span></div>
</blockquote>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt;"></span></div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt;">Two brothers named Pomeroy were picked up by a schooner in Sabine
Lake. They had been in the water thirty-six hours clinging to their capzied
[sic] yawl. Their mother and sister and Mrs. Captain Junker, her son and [a]
little girl of the party were lost. The Pomeroys report that fifty lives were
lost at the Porter House, where the people had collected as the best place of
safety. It went to pieces at nine o'clock. Many persons are missing.</span></div>
</blockquote>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;">The
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Galveston Daily News</i> shared the
heart-breaking story told by the surviving Pomeroy brothers, Reuben and Fred,
on October 16 in a story titled, “Scenes of Great Suffering”: </span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">This in brief is the story. The storm made its appearance Tuesday
about noon... There were about forty-five women and children at the
Porter-house tavern and some fifteen or twenty men...A yawl was hitched to the
house, the wate</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">r having risen about four feet, when the end of the house
was blown off and the remaining part of the structure began to shake; the yawl
was manned to its fullest capacity, and an effort was made to reach the high
ridge back of the town. On the yawl were... Mrs. E. Pomeroy and two
daughters...Mrs. Laura Pomeroy and child, Fred Rube, Geo. and Charley
Pomeroy... Of these only Fred and Rube Pomeroy are now alive. Let Rube Pomeroy, a boy about 18, tell the story of the yawl Tivas: "About
half past 9, when we went on board, the yawl was loaded down to the water's
edge, and I and my brother Fred jumped on a plank that was floating near, in
order to light it off. I caught hold of the stern of the yawl, and held to it.
The sea was terrible rough, and several times we were almost cast off the
plank, but I held on to the yawl for dear life. The wind seemed to be blowing
in every direction. The yawl was danced around without any effort being made to
direct it. Homer King became much excited. He prayed aloud and frequently
jumped up and caught his wife in his arms. This excited the other women on
board, and they all began to jump up and cling to each other. During one of
these spasms a wave struck the yawl and nearly half filled it. All of them
rushed to one side and the boat capsized and some of them were never seen
again. Carlisle Junger got hold of the bottom of the upturned boat with one
hand and held his mother with the other. I grasped my mother and held on for
some time, but in a few minutes she died in my arms. My two brothers, George
and Charlie, were clinging to the yawl, too. The plank on which I and my
brother Fred were drifted away from the yawl, but in about two hours we run on
to it. We (Fred and I) in the meantime had got ahold of one of the life-saving
boats. It was drifting around. We crawled in, but there was nothing to guide
it. Carlisle Junker and my two brothers were still clinging to the upturned
yawl. We tried to reach them but could not. They told me they could not hold on
much longer, as their fingers were nearly worn off. Carlisle Junker told me
that his mother died in his arms. The yawl drifted away toward the lake and was
found by W. B. Crawford, of Beaumont, and a search party about two miles inland
yesterday morning. Of course they were all drowned. They fought for their
lives, but could not win. The boat I was on drifted around and finally reached
shallow water beyond the railroad between the two Neches and Sabine Rivers, and
finally was picked up by the schooner Andrew Boden.</span></div>
</blockquote>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Rescue
efforts began immediately. Boats loaded with supplies and rescue teams headed
out from Beaumont, Orange, Galveston and Houston. Special legislative action
provided tax relief for the storm-ravaged area, exempting citizens from payment
of state and county taxes for 1886. (8)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Reuben
and Fred Pomeroy went to live with their sister Ida and her husband W. W.
Woolford at their home in Galveston. Reuben was employed at the US Government
Jetty at Fort Point until his death on January 15, 1897 at the age of 29 at his
sister’s home. Fred married and worked as a longshoreman in Galveston,
eventually becoming a ship’s pilot and Captain of the US Dredge Sabine. He and
wife Cora had four children. Fred passed away at age 62 and is buried in
Galveston. Ida Pomeroy Woolford was the last surviving member of the siblings
when she passed away in June 1944. Oldest sibling Mary Louise Pomeroy Ingalls,
who had lived with her husband James and four children in Jefferson, northeast
Texas, had died in 1910. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">More
information on the Sabine Pass Great Flood of 1886:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"></span> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Daily
Alta California, October 15, 1886. California Digital Newspaper Collection</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><a href="http://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=DAC18861015.2.51">http://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=DAC18861015.2.51#</a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Weather
Research Center, Huston, TX: Texas Tropical Storms & Hurricanes </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><a href="http://www.wxresearch.org/family/thurlist.htm">http://www.wxresearch.org/family/thurlist.htm</a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Texas
Hurricane History, National Weather Service, Camp Springs, MD; David Roth </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><a href="http://www.srh.noaa.gov/images/lch/tropical/txhurricanehistory.pdf">http://www.srh.noaa.gov/images/lch/tropical/txhurricanehistory.pdf</a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">The 1886 Hurricane and
the Sabine Pass Lighthouse</span></i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">,
Judith W. Linsley. Center for Regional Heritage Research, Stephen F. Austin
State University</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><a href="http://www.sfasu.edu/heritagecenter/9634.asp">http://www.sfasu.edu/heritagecenter/9634.asp</a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<span class="MsoHyperlink"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">The
Great Storm of 1886: A Day of Agony and Death at Sabine Pass,</span></i></span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> Texas, W.T.
Block. Reprinted from the Beaumont <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Enterprise</i>,
January 9, 1977</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><a href="http://www.wtblock.com/wtblockjr/great1.htm">http://www.wtblock.com/wtblockjr/great1.htm</a>)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">
<b>Endnotes</b></span></div>
<ol>
<li><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">A.A.
Pomeroy gives a date of death as 1898 in Galveston, TX, stating that the
"entire family perished in the Galveston Calamity of 1898".<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However, evidence suggests this not to be the
case. The 1820 U.S. Census shows Joel Pomeroy (1764-aft 1840) living in Vernon,
Oneida County, NY; the George Pomeroy who resided in Sabine Pass, TX reported
having been born in Vernon, NY when he enlisted in the U.S. Army in Albany on
June 23, 1844; therefore, we believe the Pomeroy family who lost their lives on
October 12, 1886 were the widow and children George Pomeroy, son of Joel
Pomeroy. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">US Army, Register of Enlistments, 1798-1914 </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Death Certificate for Oneida (Pomeroy) Woolford lists her mother’s
name as Elizabeth Ogden. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Texas, Deaths,
1890-1976.</i> </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">1860, 1870, 1880 U.S. Census</span></li>
<li><i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">The Galveston Daily News</span></i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">, Galveston, Galveston County, Texas, 22 August 1877 </span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">1886
Hurricane at Sabine Pass historical marker </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><a href="http://www.texasescapes.com/TexasGulfCoastTowns/Sabine-Pass-Texas/1886-Hurricane-at-Sabine-Pass-Texas.htm">http://www.texasescapes.com/TexasGulfCoastTowns/Sabine-Pass-Texas/1886-Hurricane-at-Sabine-Pass-Texas.htm</a><span class="MsoHyperlink"></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><i>New
York Times</i>, 15 October 1886, “The Terrible Gulf Storm.” </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">We
believe George Pomeroy died prior to the 1886 storm as Eliza Pomeroy is listed
as the person who would have been responsible for paying state and county taxes
in 1886. See <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
State of Texas,</i> <i>General Laws of the
State of Texas Passed at the Regular Session of the Twentieth Legislature
convened at the City of Austin, January 11, 1887, and Adjourned April 4, 1887. </i>Chap.
23.--[H.B. No. 383.] “An Act to release certain inhabitants of Sabine Pass City,
county of Jefferson, from the payment of taxes assessed and now due for the
year A. D. 1886, in consequence of a great public calamity. Section 1...they
are hereby released from the payment of the several sums named, the same being
the amount of State and county taxes assessed against them and now due for the
year A. D. 1886, to-wit:...Mrs. E. Pomeroy $1 40”</span></li>
</ol>
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</div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
Susan Hugheshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06412744821381463346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3285100268676605169.post-61187984748202287102015-07-02T11:19:00.000-04:002015-07-02T11:19:30.198-04:00Running Barefoot-The Mary Ann Coe Story (Part 6)<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i>By Nancy Maliwesky</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i>Retired Director, APHGA</i></span><br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-nbeLK9uY66Q/VZQ-6PMy5AI/AAAAAAAAAOc/Jl-0mYcBFhY/s1600/WashingtonSt%2B%25282%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-nbeLK9uY66Q/VZQ-6PMy5AI/AAAAAAAAAOc/Jl-0mYcBFhY/s400/WashingtonSt%2B%25282%2529.jpg" width="380" /></a></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Present home on lot
previously owned by David and Mary Ann (Coe) Powers.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><i>Editor's Note: </i></b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Readers of our blog may recall the November 2011 post about Nancy Maliwesky’s research into the elusive story of Mary Ann Coe Pomeroy. You can read (or reread) it </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2011/11/was-mary-ann-coe-pomeroy-in-le-roy-ny.html" target="_blank">here.</a> Nancy completed the draft of a publication prior to her retirement, although there remain unanswered questions about parts of Mary Ann’s life story. Hoping our readers may be able to help fill in some of these gaps, we’re presenting Running Barefoot as a weekly series. We welcome your comments and suggestions! Please feel free to share this blog with others who may be interested. </i></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> – Susan Hughes, Director, APHGA</i></span></div>
<br />
<a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2015/05/running-barefootthe-mary-ann-coe-story.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>Missed Part 1? Click here.</b></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b> </b></span><br />
<a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2015/06/running-barefootthe-mary-ann-coe-story_5.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>Missed Part 2? Click here.</b></span></a><br />
<a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2015/06/running-barefootthe-mary-ann-coe-story_12.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>Missed Part 3? Click here.</b></span></a><br />
<b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2015/06/running-barefootthe-mary-ann-coe-story.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Missed Part 4? Click here.</span></a></span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2015/06/running-barefoot-mary-ann-coe-story.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Missed Part 5? Click here. </span></a></span></b><br />
<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-niaAbDSki5M/VZQ7kGurX-I/AAAAAAAAAOI/ZSmS1JPPnd0/s1600/SanduskyCholeraCemetery5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" height="225" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-niaAbDSki5M/VZQ7kGurX-I/AAAAAAAAAOI/ZSmS1JPPnd0/s400/SanduskyCholeraCemetery5.jpg" title="SanduskyCholeraCemetery5" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Cholera Cemetery, Sandusky, Ohio</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Is this Mary Ann’s final resting place? </span><br />
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</style> <![endif]--><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Family Ties – Lemuel Powers’ Children</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Volney Powers, the eldest son of Lemuel and Jane Strong (Bacon) Powers, was born 12 June 1814 in Tompkins County, New York. He was engaged in his father’s hat making business in Paris (now Plymouth), Ohio from 1830 through 1842.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He married Mary Ann Reems, daughter of Samuel Reems 15 June 1837 (probably in or near New Haven, OH).<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"> <span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[i]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 9 April 1840, “Nicodemus C. Childcoate and wife Elizabeth Chilcoate, Volney Powers, and wife Mary Ann Powers of Cranberry Township, Crawford County and State of Ohio, Also John Idler and wife Eliza C. Idler, and also Catherine R. Reem, all of Plymouth Township Richland County and State of Ohio, in consideration of fifty Dollars in hand paid by Horace Porter Cheshire New Haven County and State of Connecticut do hereby remise, release and forever quit claim unto the said Porter his heirs and assigns forever, all our interest title and Estate, legal and equitable in and to the following premises, with the appurtenances situate in New Haven County Huron Township & State of Ohio and in Range No. twenty three [23] township No one Section No. four and the Southwest part of Lot No. ninety one [91]... containing fourteen acres.”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ii]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We do not know who the other people named in the quitclaim are, but they were likely related to Mary Ann.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> Volney Powers was listed as head of household in Plymouth, Richland County, Ohio according to the 1840 U.S. Federal Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In his household were four persons:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>two free white males under 5 years of age, one free white male of 20 through 30, and one white female of 20 through 30.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One person in the household was engaged in agriculture.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to the book <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of Crawford County and Ohio</i>, Volney Powers was engaged in the mercantile business between 1842 and 1848 in New Washington, Crawford County, OH and had established the first ashery there.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[iii]</span></span></span></span> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A short biography in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">New Washington and Cranberry Township</i> gives additional insight into Volney’s life and career:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">“VOLLNEY POWERS is a native of Tompkins township, Adams county, N. Y. is a son of Lemuel and Jane S. Powers, and was born in 1814.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1818 Mr. Powers' parents moved to New Haven, Huron county, Ohio, where his father purchased a farm.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He however practiced medicine and rented his farm.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This gave young Vollney an opportunity to attend school.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His father remained at new Haven until 1826 when he and his family moved to Plymouth and purchased the land on which the east side of Plymouth now stands.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He laid out lots and was practically the founder of that city.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He entered the Drug business and young Vollney assisted him in this enterprise and attended school as time would permit.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Vollney seemed anxious to learn a trade of some kind and his father set up a shop where Vollney became an apprentice at the hatter trade.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He worked at this trade for twelve years proving, himself quite an adept at the business.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1837 he was married to Miss Mary A. Ream, who departed this life in 1871.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This union was blessed with fourteen children of whom but five are living - Elizabeth, Jane, Amanda, James and Rolley.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1844 he moved to New Washington and engaged in the mercantile business and carried on quite an extensive trade.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>During his stay at new Washington he was also proprietor of an extensive ashery which was of vast importance in those days.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1850 he disposed of his stock of goods and ashery in New Washington and bought some land in Cranberry township.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He however moved to Centerville where he purchased an interest in a saw mill and for 3 ½ years done an immense business at the mill furnishing lumber for the B. & O. R. R. which was then undergoing construction.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1854 he moved back to Cranberry township and purchased the farm on which he resides at present.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1874 he was married to Mrs. Margaret Runion who yet survives.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mr. and Mrs. Powers are both members of the M. E. church.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He has been a good citizen all these years which endears him to his fellow men.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Politically Mr. Powers, originally was a whig but at the birth of the republican party he joined its ranks and has been of that faith ever since.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">The Volney Powers household was found in Norwich, Huron County, Ohio in the 1850 U.S. Federal Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Volney, as head of household, was identified as 35 yrs old, born in New York, and working as a laborer, with real estate valued at $600.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Listed below him was Mary A. Powers, 30 years old, born in Pennsylvania.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Next are children, Lemuel Powers, 12 years old, born in Ohio and having attended school within the year, Elizabeth Powers, 8 years old, born in Ohio and having attended school within the year, Jane Powers, 5 years old, born in Ohio, and having attended school within the year, and James Powers, 3 years old, born in Ohio.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also in the household was George Richards, 20 years old, born in Ohio, and working as a laborer.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>George Richards’ relationship to this family, if any, is unknown.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Volney and his family were living in Cranberry according to the 1860 U.S. Federal Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Listed were Volney Powers, 46 years old, born in New York, occupied as a farmer with real estate valued at $8,000; Mary A. Powers, 41 years old, born in Pennsylvania; Elizabeth Powers, 18 years old, born in Ohio, employed as a domestic, having attended school within the year; Jane Powers, 16 years old, born in Ohio, having attended school within the year; James Powers, 13 years old, born in Ohio, having attended school within the year; Amanda Powers, 7 years old, born in Ohio, having attended school within the year; and Joseph Powers, 2 years old, born in Ohio.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[v]</span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">On 8 April 1861, Volney Powers, with his wife Mary Ann’s consent, sold the balance of Lots 41 and 42 in the Village of Plymouth Huron County Ohio to Adam Brant for $600.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[vi]</span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Volney and his family were found in Crawford, Crawford County, Ohio in the 1870 U.S. Federal Census, listed as follows: Volney Powers, 56 years old, born in New York, male citizen of the United States of 21 years of age and upward, occupied as a farmer with real estate valued at $12,200; Mary A. Powers, 52 years old, born in Pennsylvania, occupied keeping house; Amanda Powers, 17 years old, born in Ohio, occupied at school, having attended school within the year; Rolla Powers, 7 years old, born in Ohio, occupied at school, having attended school within the year; and Albert Reible, 21 years old, born in Ohio, both parents of foreign birth, male citizen of United States of 21 years of age and upwards, occupied as a domestic servant.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[vii]</span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">According to Volney’s obituary, his first wife Mary Ann (Reems) Powers died in 1873.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[viii]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Volney married Mrs. Margaret (Snyder) Runion in 1874.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ix]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A page by page review of the 1880 U.S. Federal Census for Cranberry, Crawford County, Ohio did not produce any results for this family, nor did a wider search of Crawford County, Ohio or the entire United States entering search parameters of surname Powers, birthplace Ohio and year of birth 1815 (+/- 5 years).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Volney died 10 March 1894 in Cranberry Township.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His second wife, Margaret, died 28 October 1896 in Cranberry Township.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[x]</span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 9;">Louisa Powers, second child, and first daughter of Lemuel M. and Jane Strong (Bacon) Powers was born 15 September 1815 (likely in New York), married John H Fry 4 October 1844, and died 1 January 1859, according to Amos H. Powers in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Powers Family</i>.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xi]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She wrote to her aunt Abigail (Powers) Fillmore regarding her father’s death on 5 May 1835.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She also wrote to her aunt on 26 December 1836, after returning home from a visit with the Fillmore family earlier that year:</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 9;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“Paris, Dec 26<sup>th</sup> 1836</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>"do not think that I have forgotten you since my return home. no, I have thought of you all every day and would like to see you very much. we had a very pleasant time on the lake, and arrived at Huron on saturday evening after the stage had left. The stage horses ran away that day and killed the driver but injured only one of the passengers slightly. I remained at</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Huron until mon. when they got a new driver and we arrived at home without any accident.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I found our folks all well when I returned and they are also well at present. Marcia has been confined but lost her child, and I am very sorry to say that ma is in a family way too. Uncle David has not kept his promise that he made with you and grandmother, I think I would not tell grandmother for she will feel too bad and it will do no good, he lives better with his wife than he used to. I have given up going to the south this winter for my health is much better than it has been. I shall spend the remainder of the winter with Julia, I have not seen her since I came back but heard that she was well. Volney is still carrying on the hatting business here and doing well, I feel very anxious about Alonzo he is going to school this winter but says that he will go away in the spring. I am afraid that a boy of his age will get into bad company, if he goes for himself, I do not know what he will do. Mr. Carpenter is carrying on the saddling business now but will give it up and go on a circuit next year. (a fine way indeed to support so large family I think) I have heard nothing from my baggage that I lost nor do I expect to. Aunt do write soon and let us hear from you and tell Julia and Maria both to write. Ma sends her love to you all and says she would like to come down next summer and see grandmother. I hope her health is better this winter. My love to you all. I remain your</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Abigail Filmore<span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>niece<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></i></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Also included in Louisa’s letter
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>”I have no excuse to offer for not writing sooner, but you must forgive me for I have been very busy since I came home. I hope you have not entirely forgotten me. I told Abigail that you and Darius thought of coming out here next summer and she said that she would be very glad to see you both. I hope you or Maria or both of you will come. I came home in company with Mr. McCreara the beau that I promised you, he was verry kind and generous indeed, he paid my expenses from Buffalo home which was ten or twelve dollars and would</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">not allow me to pay him. I am sure you will like him. He will go down to New York in Feb. shall I send a letter by him and tell him to call at the land-office and give it to Darius and then if he likes him he may introduce him to you. you must write and tell me. Julia I have had two offers since I came home but have refused them both, I am waiting for <u>somebody</u> but do not know that I shall ever get <u>anybody</u>. I shall be satisfied if I do not. Miss Louisa Underhill is married to Mr.Beverstock a merchant.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I remain</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Julia Filmore<span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Louisa Powers”</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> “Dear Maria</i></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“I suppose you think the laughing Louisa has had so much laughing to do at home that she has quite forgotten <u>absent friends</u>, but you are mistaken for I have thought of you a great many times and wished that you was here, but I expect that you can enjoy yourself much better there than you could here. we have not had any snow here yet and the roads have been as dry and dusty as they are in the summer. (I would not have you think it is quite as <u>warm</u>, for we have cold frosty nights) Therefore we have had no sleighing here yet. I presume you have plenty of snow there. You must write and let me know if you use it much. have you been in to Dr. Hawley’s yet? How does mrs. Hall and her family do? do you practice on the piano yet? sometimes I fancy<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>in my sleep that I hear you playing. Maria we had fine times on board the boat, the lake was just rough enough to make them sick, all the ladies in the cabin excepting one besides myself were sick. During the night they called for me to get up and raise the windows for they were all so sick (and the cabin maid too). that they would not get up, but I slept so sound that I did not hear them. There was a son born on board the boat and the Capt. named him Columbus after the boat, the woman was so sea sick that we left her at Cleaveland. Do you think that you will come out here next spring if Darius comin I wish you would. Tell Darius that I did not read the whole of “Japhet in search of a father” on the boat but finished it as soon as I got home, and I liked it very well. Direct your letter to paris and they will be forwarded to me immediately.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I remain your most</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Maria Filmore<span style="mso-tab-count: 5;"> </span>Louisa Powers” <span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xii]</span></span></span></span></span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">These letters contain a wealth of information about the author’s immediate and extended family and her own wishes and dreams.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Louisa was a bit of a gossip, and thank goodness for that!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>How else would we have learned so many intimate details about this family?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In her letter to her Aunt Abigail, Louisa states that Marcia had been confined, but lost her child.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Marcia was Louisa’s cousin, and daughter of David and Polly (Wilcox) Powers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Marcia had married her first husband, Joseph Rice on 28 Nov 1833.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xiii]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It does not appear that Marcia had any other children after this early miscarriage.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Louise also states that her mother was also pregnant.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She was likely referring to her mother’s daughter Eliza, born of Jane’s marriage to her second husband Reverend Cyrus S. Carpenter on15 Feb 1837.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Louisa seems not to have had the best opinion of her new stepfather, stating, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“Mr. Carpenter is carrying on the saddling business now but will give it up and go on a circuit next year. (a fine way indeed to support so large [a] family I think).”</i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Louisa appears to be rather sarcastic in some of her other comments, and I think her sarcasm was showing in that previous statement.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Louisa also stated that her brother Volney was continuing their father’s hat manufacturing business, and –what is most interesting to us as Mary Ann Coe researchers - was her statement that <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“David has not kept his promise that he made with you and grandmother, I think I would not tell grandmother for she will feel too bad and it will do no good, he lives better with his wife than he used to.”</i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So, apparently, at least from Louisa’s perspective, David and Mary Ann’s relationship had not been the best, but was improving, and David had not been able to keep a promise to his sister Abigail and his aged mother.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What that promise was, we do not know.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Louisa’s letters to Julia and Phebe Maria Fillmore (younger siblings of her Uncle Millard Fillmore) were more intimate in nature, as one would expect of young women friends of about the same age.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Julia Fillmore was born 29 August 1812 in Niles, Cayuga County, New York, while Phoebe Maria Fillmore was born 23 November 1819 in Moravia, NY.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Their brother Darius Ingraham Fillmore, of whom Louisa also mentions, was born 16 November 1814 in Sempronius, NY.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xiv]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Julia stated that she had told Abigail that Julia, Maria and Darius Fillmore might visit that next summer and that Abigail would be glad to see them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We can only guess that the Abigail of whom Louisa refers was her younger sister, although she could also have been David Powers’ daughter, who would have been a contemporary of Louisa, having been born in 1816.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Louisa told Julia Fillmore that she had received and turned down two offers of marriage, and also states that Louisa Underhill married Mr. Beverstock, a merchant.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The familiarity in which Louisa mentions Miss Underhill to Julia makes me think that Julia was acquainted with Miss Underhill.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I believe that Louisa Powers was referring to Sarah Louisa Underhill, a daughter of Major David Underhill, a well-known and respected early settler of Huron County, Ohio.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>David Underhill was born 19 May 1765 in Dutchess County, New York and moved when about 4 years old, with his parents to Dorset, Bennington County, Vermont.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>At about 26 years of age he travelled to Herkimer County, New York with his cousin Thomas Manley,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He married Polly Osborn, probably in Herkimer County, about 1795 and made a trip to Huron County, Ohio in 1811.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On his way to Ohio he stayed with Isaac Sherwood at his inn in what is now known as Skaneateles, New York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>An interesting aside, that speaks to the complex webs of relationship found in early upstate New York, is the fact that<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Isaac Sherwood was in business early with Winston Day, the husband of Thankful Pomeroy, who was a sister of Reverend Francis Pomeroy, and a cousin of Spencer Pomeroy.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Major David built a log cabin in “Underhill settlement”, in Ridgefield, Huron County, Ohio in 1815, from whence in February 1816 he and Levi Cole returned to Herkimer County to bring their families west to Ohio.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That year the families celebrated the 4<sup>th</sup> of July at the house of Levi Cole, along with John Chapman (Johnny Appleseed), Daniel Mack and his wife, from Macksville, Reuben Pixley and his wife and Hanson Read and his wife.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xv]</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Although Louisa mentions returning home from a trip “to the lake” in her letter to Aunt Abigail, it is not until her letter to Maria Fillmore, that we were able to determine from whence she was returning.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She wrote: <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“Maria we had fine times on board the boat, the lake was just rough enough to make them sick”</i>, she also stated that a woman gave birth onboard and was so ill from seasickness that she had to be dropped off in Cleveland.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>From that statement we can guess that Louisa was returning from a visit to her Aunt Abigail in Buffalo, and had taken one of many boats or steam ships that regularly crossed Erie Lake, making stops in Cleveland and Sandusky.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The next letter written by Louisa Powers in the Millard Fillmore Collection at SUNY Oswego Penfield Library was dated 7 April 1840:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Plymouth <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Apr. 7<sup>th</sup> 1840</i></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 8;"> </span>Tuesday morning</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dear Aunt</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>In your last I think you promised to write me from Washington. I have been anxiously expecting to hear from you every mail this some time past, but have been disappointed. We are all in good health excepting sister Julia, who is gradually failing; her limb are so drawn up that she is not able to stand alone, she has two or three abscesses that discharge considerable her old physician thinks it impossible for her to live long, they have now employed a new one who thinks it <u>probable</u> he can cure her, she has two children a son and a daughter. Brother Volney’s family are well, he is going to build this summer, his wife has two fine boys of whom he feels very proud.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Alonzo is still in a store but thinks of studying surveying in the fall, he thinks that he ought to have some trade.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Uncle David’s family are also well, he is living with his wife at present but think he will not long, they live very unpleasantly together. Uncle sees a great deal of trouble lately in pecuniary as well as in family affairs, he came to our house on saturday and said he had heard Abigail was to be married to a Jesse May (a poor worthless fellow whom he despises) and made mother promise to call to Mr. Armstrongs (a few doors from us) a brother of Abigail’s first husband where she has been staying and persuade her not to have him, we called in the evening and invited her to come to our house, she appeared very pleasant and sociable and promised she would come the next week and spend several days with us and we left, little thinking that she was deceiving us as she did. the next day, (monday) uncle came to our house again and asked if we had been to see her and what she said he said that he could not believe she would marry this <u>May</u> and seemed to feel very bad about it, however they were privately married sunday evening at Mr. Armstrongs without the knowledge of any of her friends or even her father<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Uncle David thinks he married her out of revenge to him and cares nothing for her but I hope they will do better than we anticipate. Charles is in Senica County at work and is doing pretty well I believe. Edson is at home with his father. I can think of nothing more that will be interesting. perhaps you would like to know what I have been doing this last winter. I have been studying french there is a class of young ladies and gentlemen reading under Doct. H. Austin we meet once a week to read and can translate pretty well. I have lately been reading “Telemanque” it is very difficult indeed for us to procure French books--- I am afraid that I have already wearied your patience.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>mother sends her love to you.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>give my love to uncle and the children.</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Please write me before you leave <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">W____</b> and inform me how you have spent the winter, what the general amusements are at the Capital, how the children like travelling [etc]</i></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I remain your</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 5;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>affectionate</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 5;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>niece</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 6;"> </span>Louisa”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[</span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">xvi]</span></span></span></span></span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Another juicy letter!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It
would appear that Louisa’s sister Julia recovered, at least somewhat,
from the ailment that it was feared she would die of when this letter
was written in April 1840, as <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Powers Family</i> gives her date of death as 26 September 1843, although there is some confusion regarding this date, as <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Huron County, Ohio Cemetery Inscriptions</i> gives the date of death as 27 September 1842, “aged 25 years 2 months 24 days.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It
is likely that this second date is correct, as the calculation of her
age from her date of death gives a date of birth of 3 July 1817, which
agrees with <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Powers Family</i>.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xvii]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is hard to surmise from the description of Julia’s illness, what disease or affliction she was suffering from.</span> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Volney’s two boys would have been Lemuel Frank Powers, born 6 May 1838 in Plymouth, OH<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xviii]</span></span></span></span>, and Samuel Powers, born 18 November 1839 in New Haven or Plymouth, OH.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xix]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Not much is known concerning Alonzo Powers’ early life, so this information regarding his occupation and intentions helps to fill in some blanks.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Once again, Louisa sheds doubts on the compatibility of her Uncle David Powers and his wife Mary Ann (Coe) Pomeroy Junkins Powers, in her statement, “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Uncle David’s family are also well, he is living with his wife at present but think he will not long, they live very unpleasantly together.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></i>In fact, much of the letter concerns Uncle David and his family problems, especially concerning his daughter Abigail’s choice for a second husband, Jesse May.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Abigail Powers’ first husband, George R. Armstrong, died just one and a half years after their marriage, and as far as we have been able to ascertain, the couple did not have any children, so it is interesting that Abigail was living with her brother-in-law, not her father.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Even more interesting is this brother-in-law’s involvement in Abigail’s marriage to Jesse May.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was Jesse a friend or relation to the Armstrong family?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span> </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Louisa’s letter stated that her address was Plymouth.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There is a Plymouth in Richland County, Ohio on present-day maps, which is 2.6 miles south of New Haven, Huron County, Ohio.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Is the current Plymouth, Ohio the place where Louisa was living in April of 1840?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The 1840 U.S. Federal Census has Cyrus Carpenter enumerated in the township of New Haven, and there are no heads of households with the surname Armstrong in New Haven, according to this census record.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Of course, since we do not know when this census was taken, some, or all of the parties involved may have moved between when the letter was written and when the census was taken.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A check of heads of households in Plymouth, Richland County, Ohio in 1840 does reveal two Armstrong families, enumerated together, these being the James Armstrong household and the William Armstrong household.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>From the ages of the members of each household it would appear that James of between 60 and 70 years of age may have been the father of William Armstrong, enumerated at between 20 and 30 years of age.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>William would have been a contemporary of Abigail Powers (born 1816).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Could William have been the brother of George that she was living with prior to her marriage to Jesse May?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And why did David so despise Jesse May?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Louisa’s letter stated that Charles was working in Seneca County, [we assume, Ohio].<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It would be interesting to learn how he was employed there.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Charles would later study to become a Lutheran minister, but his education, and life, was cut short by consumption.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xx]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Edson, Charles’ brother and youngest son of David Powers, who would have been 18 at the time this letter was written, was reported as living with his father.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The next letter written by Louisa is in the Millard Fillmore Collection at SUNY Oswego’s Penfield Library, was written in December 1842:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“Plymouth<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Dec 12<sup>th</sup><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1842</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“Dear Aunt</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“After a silence of nearly two years I again resume the pen to address you, often during that time have I thought of you and wished to see and hear from you, but you have preserved as strict a silence as myself.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There are but few who receive greater pleasure in corresponding with their friends than I do, and yet with how few do I correspond and those few how seldom. I would like to hold a more frequent correspondence with my father’s favorite sister than I have of late, for life is uncertain and we know not how long we may have the privilege of doing so.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Death has again entered our family and snatched from our embrace another one of its members. Alas how fleeting is life. Sister Julia whom you know has suffered extremely for more than five years has at last found rest in the grave she died at Mansfield on the 25<sup>th</sup> Sept. we were all of us present at the time. She was sensible to the last and perfectly resigned.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She has left two children, a son and a daughter.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">”Brother Volney has moved to a small village about twelve miles from this place where he follows the mercantile business. Alonzo still clerks, he intended to have gone into business for himself this fall, but the gentleman who was to be his partner in trade would not raise funds, and as his capital was not sufficient to warrant his commencing business alone, he thought it best to continue clerking, this year as times are hard and he is getting good wages and ready pay.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Sister Phebe and [Jane] are going to school at Ashland. Phebe is now studying the highest branches taught in that school.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“Uncle David Powers has become a very steady man since he joined the temperance society, which was more than a year now. he earns a very decent livelihood sometimes by working in the auditor office at Sandusky and at others by teaching school.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The controversy about Uncle Davids farm between Ma and Mr. Williams is not yet ended and <s>perhaps</s> will not be until spring, unless they compromise, which is quite probable</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“We have heard that cousin Abigail and her husband is now in Iowa Territory where he has taken possession of some land which was left to his father’s family by his uncle may they remain there and prosper.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“And now Aunt would you not like to hear something about me? I will tell you a [novel].I am engaged to be married and have been for more than a year and a half and yet would you believe it? I am so fickle minded that sometimes I am more than half resolved to break the engagement and what inducements could be held out for your doing so,? you will ask. I will tell you although you may think me a very silly girl. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I have corresponded with cousin Darwin</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">for more than three years. he is now teaching in Van Buren Ark. and says he will visit us early in the spring if I will consent to return with him. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I wish that I could go and sometimes I think I <u>will</u>. The gentlemen to whom I am engaged is studying law and will not accomplish his studies before next fall when we are to be [blank] I could go and return before that time [line cut off] is not willing. he is <u>very</u> <u>much</u> opposed to it indeed I should think he need not care if I return by next fall. Aunt do you not think I had better go to Ark. in the spring? I am tired staying here. have you heard from Julia lately? and where is she? and Maria is she staying with you this winter or is she married? have my little cousins forgotten me? tell them they have a cousin Louisa in Ohio who loves them much. give my love to uncle and accept a share of it for yourself. remember me to Maria if there.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">your aff.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 6;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>niece</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Louisa</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“[??] for if I go west I will go the first of march and I <s>will </s>would like to hear what you think of it first. I hope you will approve of it for I want to go very much and I now think that I certainly shall”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxi]</span></span></span></span></span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Well, whatever affliction that had plagued her sister Julia when Louisa last wrote her Aunt Abigail, had apparently killed her, and we now have a third date of death for poor Julia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Louisa once again writes about her uncle, this time in more sympathetic terms: <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“Uncle David Powers has become a very steady man since he joined the temperance society, which was more than a year now. he earns a very decent livelihood sometimes by working in the auditor office at Sandusky and at others by teaching school.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The controversy about Uncle Davids farm between Ma and Mr. Williams is not yet ended and <s>perhaps</s> will not be until spring, unless they compromise, which is quite probable.”</i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although the letter states that there is controversy between “Ma” and Mr. Williams regarding David’s farm, I wonder whether Louisa meant to write “Mary” not “Ma”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We have not found any evidence that Lemuel or Jane were involved in David’s ownership of his New Haven farm.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Personally, what I find most interesting was Louisa’s mention of cousin Darwin (Erasmus Darwin Powers, son of Dr. Royal Newland Powers) coming to Ohio if Louisa agreed to return to Van Buren, Arkansas with him.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It can be hard reading between the lines of letters written during this time period.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It would seem unlikely that a young woman would go into detail regarding her love interests, and of course, Darwin was her cousin, and 7 years her senior.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was this just a way for Louisa to escape her dull life in Ohio, or was there more to her relationship with Darwin than could be spelled out in a letter to her aunt?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As it turned out, Louisa married John H. Fry on 4 October 1844 according to the book “The Powers Family”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxii]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was this the young lawyer that she was engaged to?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A copy of the marriage records for Huron County Ohio does list a marriage intention for John H. Fry and Louisa Powers on 2 October 1844, in which Rolla Powers (Louisa’s younger brother) swore under oath as to the legality of the marriage, but there is no further record recording the date of the marriage and by whom the marriage was performed.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxiii]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Louisa’s cousin, Erasmus Darwin Powers would die about two years after she married, in June 1846.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxiv]</span></span></span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">There are no other letters written by Louisa Powers in the Millard Fillmore Collection at SUNY </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Oswego’s Penfield Library.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What little we know of Louisa, and her husband John H. Fry, come from mention of them in later letters written by her brother Alonzo and sister Mary, and a letter written by Henry S. Foote, Esq. and E.D. Baker, Esq.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These tell an interesting story of brother Rolla’s legal problems in California.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to these letters John and Louisa were living in San Francisco during this time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>John H. Fry wrote a letter to Millard Fillmore regarding his defense of Rolla in January of 1855.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He mentioned that his wife was not well.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxv]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The little we know about Louisa, outside these letters, is that she died on 1 January 1859.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxvi]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Did she die in California?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We have been unable to find any records that substantiate this.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Julia Powers, third child of Lemuel M. and Jane Strong (Bacon) Powers was born 3 July 1817, in either New York or Ohio, based on where her parents were living at the time.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxvii]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>From letters written by her older sister, Louisa, we know that she had married and had two children, a boy and a girl, before dying at the age of 25 in September 1843 of an illness that lasted five years.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Julia’s letters to her Aunt Abigail reveal her to be perhaps more sensitive and serious than her older sister.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The first letter in the Millard Fillmore collection was written in Paris, OH in<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>April 1835, and deals mainly with the lost of Julia’s father, when Julia was 17 years old:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“Paris <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>April the 29<sup>th</sup> 1835</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“Although a stranger to you I feel it a pleasure to retire from the busy scenes of life and converse (as it were) with one that can simpathise with any feelings, for I take more pleasure in conversing about my father, and the particulars of his death to those that feel interested, than I do in any thing else, although it is a melancholy thought that I am now deprived of that much beloved father whose constant study was to promote the hapiness of his family, I feel if possible the loss greater now than I did the moment I saw him expire, still it gives me a secret pleasure to think, that while I am mourning the loss of a tender parent that others mourn their loss also, not only his relatives but his friends feel in him a loss that can never be restored, even </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;">those</span> that were enemies to the religion he professed was known to shed tears on hearing the news of his death for he was beloved by all that knew him.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Many came in to see him the day that he died not knowing that he was very sick before, even we ourselves did not think him dangerous untill sunday evening.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“He was taken very severely on wednesday about one oclock with a chill Something like the ague, he was taken [deliriously] that day and I think was not perfectly rational untill Sunday evening when he was in Such great distress that he could not tell without great difficulty from which time he was perfectly rational untill he died, for several days his ideas had been scattered that he could not think of the name of anything.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>he could say “I think” or “I want” but no more now he could say anything he wished to say, in the night he spoke to us all and Seemed willing to leave us in the hands of God.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>he said considerable about his business which I am sorry to say was so situated that it troubled his mind untill the last.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Having bid farewell to his family [knowing] that his peace was made with God his thought was on his business that would have to be seen to after his death, after giving some directions about [this] he was ready and willing to go before the Lord was prepared to take him <s>to him </s>to himself.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I cannot describe my feelings when I saw him from time to time wave his hands and look at nails and [proclaim] O when shall I [die] be [inquired] of us to know the time [verry] often and when he would not speak he took hold of Volney’s watch chain and looked up at him to know what time it was and when we would tell him, he would say “only so late how slow time passes along, he breathed with great difficulty we all expected to see him strangle to death, his constant prayer was “O that I may breathe my last easy” his prayer was answered and he died without a struggle.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Some time he would say to himself “It will Soon be said that Dr. Powers is no more, and looking at us he would “It will soon be said that you have no father”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>At another time he said “ Although I have no fear of death, no fear but that it will be well with me, yet it is an awful feeling on to think that in one hour I must die”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I might fill my whole letter with his expressing but I must not I will only add that he died with full hope of a better world, and leaveing a bright testamony behind that he is gone to glory where, it was his prayer that all his friends should meet him.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I must tell you that if you write to your mother or Aunt Mary to write that in allmost his last moments he thought of his mother but a short time before he died he said “My poor old Mother!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>if I die I want her taken care of”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I thought it would be a comfort to his mother to know that he thought of her in his dying moments.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mother feels her loss severely there is not a day but what she cries and she cannot speak of him without sheding tears at the thought of what is now lost forever, She says there is no [more] comfort remaining in this world for her, she does nothing and says she has no [heart] to do anything.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>we received a letter from Aunt Mary a few days since [directed] to Father in answer to a letter that he wrote the tuesday before he died monday.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ma wept while she heard it read, and said “O dear Mary little thought that her brother was then cold in the grave that there was no such person living as the one she was writing too” Your letter gave her much consolation, we expect Uncle George out this fall He says if pa was only alive how much comfort we would take in seeing our relations but now it will bring to mind all former joys and the thought that he is gone will embitter all its sweets.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If she could only visit his grave, She thinks it would be some satisfaction but she is denied that privalege for according to his request he was buried in the New haven burying ground,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His funeral was attended by a large concourse of weeping friends there is said to have been nearly three hundred that followed him to the grave.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>we did not dress in mourning because he has spoken so much against it.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">I do not know what we shall do but at present Volney will carry on his trade in this place Louisa will commence a [illegible word crossed out] school next Monday about seven miles from this place<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I shall remain at home.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You wished Louisa to write.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She does not know that I have writen so it will not hinder her from writing when she thinks proper.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>we all wish to see you this summer, and we hope that we shall have the pleasure </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;">of</span> seeing you and Aunt Mary as she writes she will be here the last of June.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>“Give my love to Uncle Millard</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“I am yours Affectionately<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Julia Powers</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">[the last time he saw me was dying he said nothing but shook his head]”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxviii]</span></span></span></span></span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">What a sad letter.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>From the letters written about their father Lemuel, daughters Louisa and Julia paint a picture of a generous, God-fearing, loving man.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We also learn from Julia that Lemuel had adopted a faith in a less than popular religion.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Raised a Baptist by his parents, it appears that Lemuel may have become, at least in later life, a Methodist.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This assumption is based on the six-volume set of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Clarke’s Commentary on the Bible </i>found in Lemuel’s household.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Adam Clarke, the author of the set published for the Methodist Episcopal Church in 1831, was a British Methodist theologian who was born in Ireland.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Julia wrote again to her Aunt Abigail in August 1835:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“Monday August the 30<sup>th</sup> 1835</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“with what language shall I express my feelings (I must weep or alas this heavy heart will break).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You said “Julia you must write to me again” [yess] but this I little thought that I should have to tell you that another of our family was laid beneath the clods of the valey </i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">yesterday the cold remains of my Sister Abigail was consined to the silent tomb.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She died on Saturday Eve as the sun was setting, her complaint being the dropsy in the head, She died a very hard death for three days before she died she did not speak.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>My dear mother, who can realize her feelings but those who have experienced the same, after having the dearest ties of nature torn asunder by the kind of death, and numerous other trials to have her child taken also.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>O who can discribe her sufferings, it would be vain for me to try to tell you any thing about her feelings on this subject. </i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“We all feel the loss severely but O how trifling is this loss to the one we have before met with </i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">no one looked up to her for suport or protection no one <s style="text-line-through: double;">was</s> has lost the companion of their future years, alas my Dear Aunt she has gone to meet her father in the Eternal world to which we are fast hastening She is as it were but an hour before us May God Almighty enable us to say “Thy will be done” and prepare us to follow them, she was twelve years, five months and <s>seven</s> nineteen days old, when She died, I must tell you something about the rest of us.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Louisa has returned from her scool and will remain at home this winter.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Volney and George has taken the hating establishment in partnership and are calculating to carry it on this winter in Paris after which time I am unable to tell where they will be, they are not boarding with mother therefore her family is small.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Rolla says there ant any children, </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;">now</span> much.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Only three little girls now<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“When pa died little Rolla says “why what a small family we’ve got” there was then eleven in the family now there is only seven.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What shall I say of myself. I am cast upon the winds of fortune without any permanent home, and must be driven about </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;">by the</span> waves of chance.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I cannot content myself at home.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I am now siting in a school house in the centre of Greenfield.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">I commenced a school of about thirty scollars in this place last Monday and was sent for from home on Thursday last,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I returned here last evening.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I think I can content my self here for two or three months I am engaged to teach Reading Writing Arithmetic Geography and grammar for one dollar and a half a week and be boarded for two or three months as will best suit myself I have allmost relinquished my design of spending the winter among my relations I think it too sickly to travel at present at any rate.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is very sickly here this season Agues fever’s and sick stomach’s prevail.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>but if I do not go to the East this fall, I expect that I shall </i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">spend the winter with my mother.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>but I cannot tell whether I shall ever visit my relations if I do not this fall my future years (if any there be) are yet in futurity.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mr Skinner after remaining in possessions of the apothecary shop for more than a month refused to fulfil the contract, the case was taken before the justice and we only recovered the wholesale price of the articles sold by him.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Uncle Davids family are well excepting his wife who is very sick, he could not attend the funeral yesterday on her account, Martia is living with her father.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Abigail is still at home and will remain there Louisa has heard nothing from Mr Caples since you was here, and I think he will never pay any more attention to her.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I have talked with her about him she says he said he would be here in about two months when she saw him last.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>it has now been about six </i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“Aunt what more can I tell you! we have not [page torn] many frinds here to write about but we have much to say of ourselves, we have been expecting to hear from you ever since your return home, we have been much disappointed in not receiveing a letter from you.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I do not know how Soon Louisa may write to you or any of the rest of the family but I felt as though I must write immediately they are not aware that I have writen</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Give my respects to Uncle, and tell Aunt Mary that I Send my love to her, and indulge a hope of seeing her again in this world should it please the Almighty to spare our lives.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I must bid you farewell, but not forever, you shall hear from me again.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>do not fail of writing immediately</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">It would appear, by reading this letter and Julia’s previous letter, that Abigail Fillmore (if not Millard Fillmore and Mary Powers) did visit grieving relatives in Paris that summer.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Who was Mr. Caples, Louisa’s delinquent suitor?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The news of little Abigail’s death, followed so closely on the heels of her father’s death, is quite sad, and Julia conveyed the sadness and loss that her mother felt. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Julia was writing from Greenfield, Highland County, Ohio, where she was teaching a school with 30 students, for $1.50 a day plus room and board.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She mentioned in the letter that her brothers Volney and George were carrying on their father’s hat manufactory in Paris, OH.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She also mentions a Mr. Skinner who apparently was running her late father’s apothecary after his death, but was not honoring a contract, although damages were awarded when the family brought suit, the money received was not what was originally expected.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Uncle David was mentioned in this letter as being unable to attend Abigail’s funeral, as his wife (Mary Ann) was very ill.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Little is known of Mary Ann’s day to day life during this period.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We know that her son Edwin had passed away the year prior, on 6 September 1834 in New Haven<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxx]</span></span></span></span>. Was he living with his mother and her new husband?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We also know that Mary Ann’s elder son, Francis W. Pomeroy, was working as a jouneyman printer for the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Milan Times, </i>in Milan, OH.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxi]</span></span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </i>In a letter written to Abigail Fillmore by her brother David Powers on 15 November 1835, David mentioned that his wife had been ill since his son Chester had returned from Buffalo on 13 September 1835.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxii]</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Julia also stated that Marcia, daughter of David by his first wife Polly Wilcox, and her sister Abigail were living with their father.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Marcia had been married about two years to her first husband Joseph Rice at that time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was he also living in the Powers household?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I cannot help but wonder what David’s children, (especially his daughters), thought of Mary Ann.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“Sister of my beloved and departed Father, it is with pleasure that I undertake the task of writing a few lines to you ~~ I know not Aunt, how to begin to communicate the news I have </i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">to tell.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We are all at home, and enjoying good health, except Mother who has just returned from a meeting 8 miles off with a bad cold and much wearied with the ride, Volney took bread-</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">fast with us this morning, and I think he will board at home and go to school, as he has no work that he can do in the shop.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On Tuesday the 26<sup>th</sup> of last month Julia gave her hand to one who has long possessed her heart, Aunt you may think I have not done very well in this, I did not expect to raise myself in the estimation of the world nor better my condition.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I had a good home.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A kind Mother. and affectionate Brothers & sisters.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I have loved them long & love them still, and perhaps shall yet spend my days with them, he with whom I have consented to spend my days </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;">he</span> to whom I gave my hand that I might Share in his affliction, is now afflicted he has not enjoyed good health cince last Spring, for Several months past he has been troubled with a pain in one side and shoulder and is now gone to his Fathers entirely unable to work his Mother says she does not think we will ever go to keeping house.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>if not I say “Lord thy will be done” although [word cut off] severe stroke to me.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We did not intend to get married until spring, but board was so high that they thought they could [do] better by boarding themselves as they was doing but little in the shop & could not afford to live as the did, as I have said I think Volney will now live at home, I am now at home but if George gets worse he will send for me there. [word cut off] wrote not to Ashland for Mr Caples & Mr [Crall] to allow the weding.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I suppose you know Aunt who they are by hearsay well they attended, Mr Caples staid quite late, had a private conversation with Louisa & the next evening waited on her from a party given by a neighbour, had another conversation Abigail came up & stayed two days, Mr [Crall] came home with cousin I think for an excuse to keep an eye over Louisa the last evening.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She told me after, that She might have said the word Tuesday evening and been married before long.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>but says She “he is coming again”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I do not know in fact whether she can get either, but I knew that Caples would be her prefference, & if she never has him I shall believe it is because she cannot get him<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She has enjoyed very poor health this winter, in december last.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She [relaxed] into a kind of melancholy, she ate nothing said nothing wished to see nobody & would Sleep pretty much all the time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>the doctor thought best to blister her.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She refused but consented to ride in the stage.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>we started Wednesday evening, went as far as Mansfield with an in tention to go on, but the mail went from there on, in an open wagon & the weather was siverely cold, we thought it not propper to go any father, we staid there one week and then returned home.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She appeared to be enlivened a little & has gradualy [wore] it off.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There has been considerable said about Abigails getting married.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>the truth of which I cannot ascertain, Mother was there a few days cince, Uncle was going to Norwalk to trade and took her along.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mother asked him if Abigail was going to see Armstrong himself & if he was agoing to have her they must be married soon.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mother said she scarcely knew what he meant by it & neither do I.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I would like to say something about the business of the estate but I do not know what to say, however I think we got along as well as could be expected this affair between Dr Skinner & Mother, mentioned in my last letter is not at an end he has carried it up to county court & the suit comes on next month, herself and [Colecglaser] are setting up the estate to their satisfaction I do not see but that things are going on tolerable well.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There are many things I might write, but I leave the particulars for another to write whom perhaps you would be full as well pleased to hear from as myself.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Uncle David and his wife lives pretty much as they always have, Joseph has bought a house in <sup>town</sup> & intends moving it on the piece of land which he bought of Uncle near his house where he intends to live Martia has no family and no hopes of any, I think. Louisa will not know that I write this if she did [it] would prevent her writing.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She asked me if [words cut off]did to write I told her I would have that for her to do, but being at school and not very busy I altered my [word scribbled out] intention.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Aunt, I should like to hear from you I have no doubt but my dear Aunt [can] give some good advice, which I very much need<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Louisa said, she received a letter from Aunt not long since but of its contents I am ignorant ~~</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“There may be other changes in the family, of which you shall hear as soon as fully known ets [sic] I consider it a pleasure and a privalege to write you you will no doubt hear from me again, </i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“I remain as ever your affectionate neice</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>“Mrs Julia Dubois</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“Before I cealed my letter a messenger came for me to go to Ms Dubois’ for George was worse & I have just returned left him quite comfortable, Louisa tells me Mother is to be married [next] Monday week. I cannot say more now<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>J<s>----</s> P<s>---</s><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxiii]</span></span></span></span></span>”</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In this letter, Julia Powers announced her marriage to George F. Dubois, born about April 1814 in New York<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxiv]</span></span></span></span>, son of Abraham and Elizabeth (Graves) Dubois<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxv]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>An Abraham Dubois was listed as head of household in Plymouth, Richland County, Ohio according to the 1830 U.S. Federal Census.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxvi]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A Thomas Dubois was also listed as head of household in Plymouth in 1840.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What we know of George is that he was a farmer.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What ailment he was suffering from at the time this letter was written is unknown to us.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">And who was the mysterious Mr. Caples?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I have found a Judge Robert Francis Caples who was living in or near Tiffin, Seneca County, Ohio during this period.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Portrait and Biographical Record of Western Oregon</i>,Robert married Charlotte Laffer, and the couple had several children prior to Judge Caples death in 1835.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxvii]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Could the mysterious Mr. Caples have been a son of Judge Robert Francis Caples?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Julia continues to speak of the problems that her Uncle David Powers was having with his wife and daughters.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“Uncle David and his wife lives pretty much as they always have.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></i>My goodness, how short was their honeymoon period?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And, if they were so ill suited to each other, why on earth did they marry in the first place?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to Julia, David is still quite upset over daughter Abigail’s decision to marry Jesse May.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Julia wrote that ”<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> Joseph has bought a house in </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;">town</span> & intends moving it on the piece of land which he bought of Uncle near his house where he intends to live Martia has no family and no hopes of any, I think.”</i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We believe that Julia was referring to Joseph Rice, Marcia’s husband.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We have found a deed, dated 28 Feb 1840, in which David Powers and his wife Mary Ann, deed to Joseph Rice land on lot 67 containing six acres of land.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxviii]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was the property purchased by Joseph Rice from David Powers in 1836 the same property where the house stood?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Mr. Skinner, who was mentioned in the previous letter as running her late father’s apothecary, is now identified as Dr. Skinner, and apparently the disagreement between him and Julia’s mother continued.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This was the last letter written by Julia that we found in the Millard Fillmore Collection at SUNY Oswego.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>From letters written by her younger sister Louisa, we know that Julia died abt 27 September 1842, leaving two children, a son and a daughter.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She was buried in the New Haven Cemetery, in New Haven, Ohio.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxix]</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Alonzo Powers, the fourth child of Lemuel M. and his wife Jane Strong (Bacon) Powers, was born 17 October 1820 in Ohio (probably New Haven).<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xl]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He wrote to his Aunt Abigail Fillmore in October 1838, after apparently returning home from a visit with her and her family in Buffalo:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“Plymouth Oct 14 1838</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“D<sup>r</sup> Aunt</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“I promised to write when I should arrive at home, it was some time after I left Buffalo before I came home as uncle David told you I suppose,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I neglected writing to you because of having entered into business soon after my arrival at home and have been buisy buying wheat and clerking in a store.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>my employer has gone to New York to lay in goods and left me in charge of the Store & post office.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I think I shall have business to Buffalo next spring and I will call and see you again.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I should like to know how uncle David acted while a Buffalo.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I wish you would write and let me know, he told me he paid Aunt Mary money enough to Satisfy her for the present, I do not think there is much reform lately in his habits.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Louisa is still teaching School She Sends her respects to you and your family her health is very good give my respects to Mr Filmore and your family,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mother is well, Sister Julia is in quite poor health, I had rather live in Ohio than in Buffalo, persons in my business are thought more of </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;">here</span> than in your place, I Shall not be at this business always (I do not like harts Garden) I understand that cousin Abigail is a going to live in Buffalo with you next Spring, buisness is brisk here any industrious young man can get employment, now Aunt do write Sometimes to Louisa or me do not forget, my respects to Aunt Mary in <u>particular</u> but Stop lest I weary your patience and</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>I Ever Remain</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span>YourAffNephew<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>A. Powers</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">To Mrs M. Filmore</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Miss Abigail Powers</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Oct. 14. 1838”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xli]</span></span></span></span></span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">[Although this letter was identified by a previous researcher as being written by Miss Abigail Powers, we believe it was written by Alonzo Powers, as the author identified himself as “Your Aff Nephew” and identified Julia and Louisa as his sisters.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Additionally, Alonzo’s sister Abigail had died in 1835, making it impossible for her to have written this letter.]</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Alonzo wrote about working as a clerk in a store and managing the post office while his boss was away on business in New York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although I have not been able to find out who his boss was, he was likely the first Postmaster of Plymouth, as the town of Plymouth (previously known as Paris), was formed by charter in 1838.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xlii]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Alonzo also brought up what seemed to be his family’s favorite subject, “Uncle David”, stating that he did not think there was much reform in his habits, which may be a reference to David’s drinking or spending habits, or something else altogether.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He mentioned that David had told him that he had given Aunt Mary enough money to satisfy her, but whether that was true or not, we do not know.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Alonzo gave news of his sisters Louisa and Julia, information previously relayed by those same sisters.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He also mentioned that his cousin Abigail (the daughter of Uncle David), was planning on going to live with Abigail Fillmore in Buffalo that next spring, which makes us wonder if her first husband, George Armstrong, had already passed away by the time the letter was written.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We have not been able to ascertain the date that George died, the only clue was a note in the Huron County Probate Docket, dated 23 November 1838, in which Abigail Armstrong was named administratrix, with David Powers and Henry Adams acting as sureties in the amount of $500, and Thomas T. Mulford, Elisha Steward and William D. Mann, appraisers.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xliii]</span></span></span></span></span> </div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Alonzo wrote again to his Aunt Abigail in November of 1839:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“Plymouth Nov 24 1839</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dear Aunt</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I rec<sup>d</sup> your in due time but have from time to time neglected to Answer it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I have again Rec<sup>d</sup> a letter from cousin Darwin he was in Evansville Ark<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>and will Soon go to Texas to the city of Austin located on the Colorado River, one resolution he Says I have firmly [fixed] which is never to visit my native land and friends until my condition is bettered I will pursue the fickle Godess fortune Even to the ends of the Earth_ I am in my old place getting a verry good Salary this year, mother and Louisa send their best respects to you and your family Sister Julia is verry poorly and will not live many months if She does not find relief Evry thing has been done that could possibly be_ my health is good, give my best respects to Mr Filmore</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">uncle David is about as formerly in a verry bad condition Evry thing he owns is out of his hands always in trouble miserable man_</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I am Truly Yours hoping that prosperity and happiness may attend you through life and crown Your Evry wish</i></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span>A Powers</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Based on this letter, Alonzo’s life and occupation seem steady, his mother and sister Louisa also much the same, and unfortunately, his sister Julia, much the same, continuing to battle the illness or condition that eventually took her life.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Uncle David, also seems the same “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">in a verry bad condition Evry thing he owns is out of his hands always in trouble miserable man”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Alonzo wrote to his uncle, Millard Fillmore in April 1840:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">”Plymouth O apr 28/40</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dear Uncle</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I rec<sup>d</sup> yours of 22 and you will receive my thanks for your trouble_ Mothers family are well and send their best respects to you and Mrs Filmore Genr<sup>l</sup> H R Brinderhoffs in speking of you sometime since_ sends his compliments to you but says he must differ from you in Politicks_ remember me to Mrs Filmore</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">I remain Yours Truly</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">A. Powers</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Millard Filmore”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xlv]</span></span></span></span></span></i></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">This short note, much more formal than ones written to his Aunt Abigail, mentions a Gen’l H. R. Brinderhoff, as not agreeing with Millard Fillmore’s politics.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A Henry R. Brinkerhoff represented Huron County in the House of Representatives, between 1843 and 1845.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xlvi]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Supplement to the Family of Dircksen Brinkerhoff of New York City 1638,</i> General Henry R. Brinkerhoff purchased 200 acres of Henry Barney’s farm in Plymouth in 1837<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xlvii]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This would have made him a near neighbor to the Powers family.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is likely that this was the General Henry R. Brinkerhoff of whom Alonzo was referring in the above letter.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And, because everyone seems to be related to each other, it seems only fitting that Henry’s son Peter Swartout Brinkerhoff, would marry Persis Sophia Coe, the daughter of Luther Coe and Sophia Barney, on 30 Apr 1842 in Huron County, Ohio.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xlviii]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Sophia Barney was the daughter of Henry Barney.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In an article in the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Huron Reflector</i> published on 13 September 1842, Alonzo was identified as a delegate in the recent Whig Convention<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xlix]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Alonzo was 21 at the time, and apparently getting into politics early.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His uncle, Millard Fillmore, was also a Whig.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Alonzo wrote next to his Aunt Abigail in September of 1844:</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“Plymouth Sept 13 1844</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dear Aunt, I arrived at home and find my friends well – I called on Uncle David at Sandusky on my return found him well he entertains very unfriendly feelings toward Aunt Mary he is in poor circumstances although he manages to live—he is looking up in the world mingles in good society and steady habits – he is anxious to see you he is now on a visit to our house when he will remain two weeks – Our folks are very anxious to see you Louisa will be married the first day of October and would be glad to see you here at that time you must not fail to come I have assured them you would be here - if it would not be convenient for you to come as late come sooner we will be glad to see you any time as I expect to see you soon I will not</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">write at length</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>your affec- nephew</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Alonzo</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> (written on side margin)</i></span></div>
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<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">PS Bring cousin Powers with you if Possible”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[i]</span></span></span></span></span></i></span></div>
</blockquote>
<div style="mso-element: endnote-list;">
</div>
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</style> <![endif]--><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Alonzo’s letter to his aunt was social in content, as his letters to Abigail typically were.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He spoke of his sister Louisa’s upcoming marriage, and the family’s expectation that Abigail would visit at that time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Alonzo apparently had just returned home from a visit to his Aunt in Buffalo.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These visits, back and forth, from Buffalo, New York to Huron County, Ohio seem quite frequent.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It seems likely that they would have traveled by boat and stagecoach.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Alonzo gives the latest on Uncle David.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This time, David seems more steady, although he had made it clear to Alonzo that he was angry with his sister, no doubt over her suit against him to force him to repay a mortgage she had given him to allow him to buy his farm in New Haven, which timely repayment he had not made.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 11 Mar 1845, Alonzo purchased two pieces of land “lying in the town of Plymouth, New Haven township, Huron County & State of Ohio, and described as follows, viz: known as Lots number forty one & forty two in said Village of Plymouth, with the following incumbrances, viz: a reservation made by George G. Graham & Mary his wife, in their deed to Christian Culp & John Culp, executed on the 15<sup>th</sup> Feby 1840, and herein described in the words following, to wit: I George G. Graham & Mary his wife do hereby reserve unto themselves, their heirs and assigns forever; the privilege of placing aqueducts to carry water from the public spring across said lots No. 41 & 42, and of repairing the same from time to time as they may require, and the said Christian Culp & John Culp and their heirs,& assigns shall not disturb or injure the [pipes] in any way whatever; and for further particulars reference may be had to Huron Co. Records ... and excepting from the Southern side of Lot No. 42, a strip of land sold therefrom to Joseph Light... Also part of Lot No forty three in said town of Plymouth...with the encumbrance of a reservation made by the above mentioned George G. Graham in the deed above mentioned and therein described as follows, (George G. Graham doth hereby reserve to himself his heirs and assigns, the right to build & repair an aqueduct from the public spring across said lot, and the said Christian Culp & John Culp shall not destroy or disturb said aqueduct themselves, their heirs or assigns, in any way to the damage of the said George G. Graham his heirs and assigns.)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also a certain piece or parcel of land situate and being part of Lot No. 171, in the first section of New Haven township... and excepting therefrom on the Southern side of the said piece of land a strip sold to Joseph Light...from Augustus W. Hulett and Aurelia Hulett his wife, for $700<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[li]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This land would appear to be close to his father’s old estate, as Joseph Light was Lemuel’s close neighbor.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Alonzo wrote again to his Aunt Abigail in April 1848:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>“<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Buffalo N.Y. Apr 28/48</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dr Aunt</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I told uncle Filmore day before yesterday that I should call and see you on my return but I find that the Ohio a good boat leaves at 10 this morning and if I stay any longer I shall be obliged to stay over Sunday at Sandusky City consequently it will be much to my interest to</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">leave immediately – Uncle informs me you intend visiting Sandusky Uncle David would be happy to see you --- I was much pained to hear of the severe illness of Aunt Mary and hope she may recover --- if you should visit Sandusky you must [not] fail to come to Plymouth we shall all be glad to see you</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>remember me to your family and accept for yourself my best wishes</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>in haste</i></span></div>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
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</span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Your Nephew</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"> A.<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-language-override: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-synthesis: weight style; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span></i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Powers”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lii]</span></span></span></span></span></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span></span></blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">This short letter indicates that
Alonzo was in Buffalo, and although having planned on visiting his
Aunt, was unable to, due to his desire to catch a boat to Sandusky.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In his letter he noted that Abigail was expected to visit Sandusky.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>David was briefly mentioned and Alonzo expressed concern for Aunt Mary’s health.</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Alonzo wrote another short note to his Aunt Abigail a year later in April 1849:</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>“<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Buffalo Apr 21 1849</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">D Aunt,</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I have just arrived on my way home and I called at the American this forenoon but you was absent also in the office and Mr Filmore was not there.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I endeavoured to find Aunt Mary by the directions you gave me but could not find when Mr Hart lived if in Michigan St<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I could not find him by the directions nor by inquiring – I was now about to leave in the American and am<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span> very sorry that I could not see aunt Mary – but as my buisness will necssarily call me here again in about 30 days<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I shall then not fail to see you all if you are here.</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>Remember me to all</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>your nephew<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>in haste</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Alonzo”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[liii]</span></span></span></span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Again, Alonzo seems to miss both his Aunts in what we can only believe was a short trip to Buffalo.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This letter was written a month before Alonzo’s wedding to Mary Jane Hackathorne on 20 May 1849<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[liv]</span></span></span></span>, and at first it seems odd that he did not mention this event, but it is likely that he was writing in haste on his way out of town, and did not have time to write about family matters.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The 1850 U.S. Federal Census shows Alonzo and his family living in New Haven, OH (most likely in Plymouth).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Alonzo was identified as a merchant, with real estate valued at $3,600.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His wife Mary, and children (twins) Millard and Ada Powers share the household<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lv]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Three additional persons were found in this household: Eliza Stringham, 20 years of age, born Pennsylvania; Alexander Kirkland, 16 years of age, born in New Jersey and employed as a clerk (probably working for Alonzo); and Frederick Hayney, 18 years of age, born in Ohio, employed as a tinner.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Alonzo’s mother, identified as Jane S. Powers, was listed as head of household one family above Alonzo’s on the same census page<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lvi]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is interesting that she is going by the surname Powers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She was living with daughters Jane, Mary and Eliza.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Alonzo wrote to his Uncle Millard Fillmore in October 1854:</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Monday Afternoon</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mr. Fillmore</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Pardon me for intending myself on your nature by sending this note__ would I have hoped for an interview, I should have made my regards in person, & I am almost fearful that you will refuse to receive this as coming from me. But I will presume to make it however, I hope I shall not [incur] your displeasure by so doing.</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the midst of my struggles to get along, my quarters rent [($36)] becomes due on Sunday & I cannot [find] money to pay or [will] the last of next month. Feeling <u>almos</u>t confident that if you [knew] my situation you would help me, I am [inclined] to ask you to lend it to me until that time, when I will most faithfully return it to you, with interest, [simple], or double if you please.</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Grateful to you for past favors, allow me to extend to you my thanks & warmest wishes for your prosperity & happiness. If you are inclined to assist me, please send to 21 [East] Eagle St., [&] very much oblige me. Should you think the request too great, an feel that I should not have wrote [you] at all, drop me a line to that effect, & I will trouble you no more.</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Yours with much respect</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader" style="margin-left: 2.0in; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Powers<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[</span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">lvii]</span></span></span></span></i></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">It must have been difficult for Alonzo to write to ask money of his Uncle Millard, as his writing style was even more formal than usual in writing to his Uncle.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Unfortunately, we do not know if Fillmore helped his nephew.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And what other past favors was Alonzo referring to?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Alonzo wrote next, again to Millard Fillmore, in January 1855:</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Plymouth O Jany 25/55</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dear Uncle</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Your favor of 12 inst. is at hand in regard to Bro Fry’s Exertions in Bro Rollas behalf I am well convinced he has done the best he could and necessarily at a great expense and has appealed to me for assistance in several letters_ I am willing and intend to assist him but the money affairs are such that I cannot at short notice raise any considerable amount out of my business the call being so unexpected (and <u>greatly</u> <u>regretted</u>) that I am not able to do anything now_ Surely I handle large amounts of money but it takes every dollar I can raise in this commercial crisis to keep from failing_ herewith I enclose you Mess. Foote & Bakers letters in accordance with your wish__ remember me to cousin Powers and to yourself, my warmest regards<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Your aff. Nephew</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader" style="margin-left: 135.0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; tab-stops: list 135.0pt; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">A.<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-language-override: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-synthesis: weight style; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><u>Powers<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lviii]</span></u></span></span></span></u></i></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">This letter referred to Alonzo’s younger brother Rolla Powers, and I believe, his brother-in-law John Fry, who was married to Louisa Powers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>John Fry, according to an earlier letter was a lawyer.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Why was he assisting Rolla?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A brief search uncovered some surprising results.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Prior to this research, we knew little of Rolla’s life.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was identified as a saloon keeper, aged 22, born in Ohio and living in Salmon Falls, El Dorado County, California in the 1850 U.S. Federal Census.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lix]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was living with two other men, Israel Grant, 21, born in OH and working in a saloon, and Philip Quail, 26, born England, whose occupation was listed as “gambler”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Rolla’s occupation would likely to have been a disappointment to his father, had his father been alive at that time.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A news article printed in the 18 Oct 1854 issue of the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sacramento Daily Union</i> reads:</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“ARREST OF A MURDERER – A man named Rolla Powers was arrested yesterday on the steamer Golden Gate, just previous to her departure for Panama, on the charge of murdering a man at Coloma, six weeks ago.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The arrest was made by Capt. North, of the Police, by direction of Marshal McKenzie, who received a telegraphic dispatch from Coloma, in the morning.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It appears that Powers was one of those wrecked on the Yankee Blade, but for which calamity he would in all probability have escaped the grasp of justice.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He had been lodged in prison until he can be taken to Coloma – Sun.”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lx]</span></span></span></span></span></blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Another news article printed in the 19 Oct 1854 issue of the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Daily Alta California</i> gives more information about Rolla’s troubles:</span> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“ROLLA POWERS – This man was brought before the Recorder yesterday, and an application was made for a discharge by his counsel.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The testimony of a witnessed named J.K. Benson was taken, who stated that he knew defendant at Georgetown, Mariposa county, and that defendant’s business whilst there was gambling; is well acquainted with a man named Bradley, who saw Powers shoot a man named Hoover at Georgetown; was one of them who went in pursuit of Powers after the deed was committed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Recorder said that he considered it necessary to retain the prisoner till to-day, and that he considered the proof was sufficiently strong to warrant his doing so.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Powers was consequently sent down to wait the arrival of the officer from Mariposa County.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“The following communication, by telegraph, from Thos. H. Hughes, District Attorney, Eldorado county, was received by the City Marshal.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“Powers was in October, 1853, indicted by the Grand Jury of Eldorado county for the murder of Daniel Hoover.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He deliberately shot his victim down, jumped on a horse and escaped.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The murder was the most atrocious kind.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Bench warrants were sent to your county long since.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>An officer from this county will be in San Francisco to-night, having left here this morning.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“October 17<sup>th</sup>, 1854.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“TELEGRAPHIC ARRESTS – Judge Freelon decided yesterday – in the case of Rolla Powers, wherein his Counsel applied for a discharge on the grounds that the arrest was illegal, in consequence of the order having been transmitted by telegraph – that a man can be arrested from information received by means of a magnetic telegraph, and detained in custody long enough to afford a reasonable time to the officers of justice to arrive and claim the prisoner.”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxi]</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A very short notice in the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Weekly Alta California</i> on 1 December 1854, indicated that Rolla’s fortunes had changed: “CASE OF ROLLA POWERS – The <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Empire Argus </i>says that the verdict of the jury in the case of the State vs. Rolla Powers, for the murder of Daniel Hoover in September, 1853, at Georgia slide, was not guilty.”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxii]</span></span></span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> In December 1854, two of Rolla’s lawyers wrote to Millard Fillmore on behalf of John Fry, in hopes of gaining his assistance in the payment of Mr. Fry’s numerous expenses incurred in defending Rolla:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">San Francisco, December 14<u><sup>th</sup></u> 1854</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Hon. Millard Fillmore.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dear Sir,</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We have been recently engaged in the defence of a young gentleman personally known to you, upon a charge of Murder.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The name of the young gentleman is <u>Rolla Powers</u>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His trial took placein the county of El-Dorado in this State, and has eventuated in his acquittal.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The defence was one of great difficulty; nor could we have succeeded at all, but for the most extraordinary exertions on the part of the brother-in-law of Powers, John N. Fry Esquire of this City, who in his efforts to secure the attendence of witnesses, in the employment of counsel, and in the performance of all those labors incident to the defence of such a case, displayed a zeal and persevering energy that we have never known equalled.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><s style="text-line-through: double;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mr Faye</s> Mr Fry had to go to the mine four times, and his wife once, at great expense, in order to aid in rescuing the accused from the dangers which so manifestly surrounded him & felt bound to employ two highly influential local Attorneys in addition to ourselves, with a view to obverting the multiplied and serious empediments to acquittal which existed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His business </i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">as a lawyer is very considerable, and on the increase; but he has had to a considerable extent, to neglect & sacrifice it in order to accomplish the deliverance of Powers & an object to the attainment of which he found it necessary to devote himself, for some weeks, almost exclusively. </i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mr. Fry has had to pay out, in actual cost, the large sum of six thousand (6000) dollars, some extent relieved from the heavy burden which he has assumed in connection with this unfortunate affair, and confidently hopes that your own personal interposition may induce the other relatives of Powers, (who have been already written to on the subject) to come forward at once and renumerate him in part at least in regard to the large amount which he has been </i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">compelled to expend.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Believing confidently that you will feel the propriety of complying promptly with Mr. Frys wish in the behalf as now made known by us, and with sentiment of the highest respect and most cordial friendship, we have the honor to be</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Your obedient servants</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>H. S. Foote<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>E. D. Baker”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxiii]</span></span></span></span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> John H. Fry, Rolla’s brother-in-law, and his attorney, wrote a letter to Millard Fillmore in January of 1855, in hopes that Millard could help him with the expenses incurred by the trial, or that Millard could convince Rolla’s family to reimburse him:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>"San Francisco Cal<sup>a</sup> January 31, 1855</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Uncle Fillmore</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dear Sir.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You have no doubt ere this rec<sup>d</sup> a letter addressed to you by Messrs. Foote and Baker, two gentleman well known to you through their official life. - circumstances have since transpired that have caused me to address this to you & be assured sir, I do it with much reluctance as I do not wish to obtrude my misfortune on any of my friends and especially on one with whom I have never yet had the honor of a personal acquaintance.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Through our friends in Ohio you have no doubt learned of your nephew Rolla Powers (& brother to my wife) having been tried for murder in El Dorado County, Cal<sup>a</sup><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>in Nov. last.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He had no relative or friend here except his sister & me. & he was utterly penny less. He had started for home twice, once on the Yankee Blade when she was wrecked & again on the</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Golden Gate on which <s>tall</s> ship he was arrested just a few moments before She left our port. I had both times paid his fare home as he had not one cent - I employed three able counsels here to get him off by <u>habeus</u> <u>Corpus</u>. but after much effort & a good deal of Expense to me, I failed & he was transfered to El Dorado County to answer the Charge of Murder for <s>murder for</s> killing Daniel Hoover. (whose real name is <u>Huber</u>).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It then became a serious matter to Rolla. I had up to that time spent about $1500.<sup>00</sup> in money for him in his defense & for sending him home twice_</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His Case was <u>hopeless</u> without my immediate assistance - It was in short a clear case of murder & nothing but management, influence, & skill with <u>other</u> means could possibly save him, - It was important too in another light, as some of the ‘strongest witnesses for the State had dispersed & could not be found & an immediate trial would deprive the State of some of her best witnesses.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Under all the circumstances it was most proper that a speedy trial should be pressed by Powers - My wife Louisa & Rolla both appealed to me to come to the rescue</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">that their Mother & Bros. Alonzo & Volney <s>was at</s> would come to my rescue & not see me suffer if I helped promptly - from my position to the family - humbled by the greatest desire to save Rolla, the family & kinsman from a deep stain & from lasting infamy & relying upon their justice & honor towards me - I went into the defense with my little all I had in this world &</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">with all the energies of my soul -I immediately employed Gov Foote & Col. Baker the most eminent & influential criminal lawyers in the state - & also engaged two the best lawyers in El Dorado County._ Shut up my own office & went to the Mountains to see to the evidence - & here I write for you to read that I know will go no further - the strongest witnesses for the</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">State were gotten out of the way_ the defense was marked out - & witness <u>were</u> <u>gotten</u> to support <u>that </u>defense - Public Opinion which was all excitement became alleged, several parties friendly to us were received on the Jury -<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>the Sheriff -<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>the Judge & the Dist. Atty. became friendly disposed - the Dist. Atty. was a personal friend of Gov. Foote’s & promised to both no unfair advantage and that he would not get any one to assist him - thus prepared</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">we went into the trial & clear him in one day.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That trial sir cost me a little over $6000<u><sup>00</sup></u> which with the amounts of aforesaid & what I had</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">to pay incidentally made me out of Pocket in actual cash a little <s>over</s> over $5000<u><sup>00</sup></u> saying nothing for my loss of time about 2 weeks in all- loss of business- & expenses at home going on all the time- besides. - This amt. of money was promptly paid by me without a moments warning almost & to get it, it had to in cumber as I stated before my all I had in the world - I immediately wrote to Rolla’s friends.& stated that I was battling this cause & if any earthly</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">chance was left. I could & would get him cleared - but that they must immediately send me <s>$2000</s> $3000 - & if I needed more, they must do as I did, encumber their property & come to my <s>rescue</s> rescue - Rolla is clear & never thanked me once for all I did for him - his friends have thus far not done one thing for me - They did send me a check for $723<u><sup>00</sup></u> which was dishonored & which I returned to my mother-in-law -<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Alonzo promised at home that he would immediately send me a $1000 but did not & Volney refused to do any thing - & here I am with</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">My Louisa struggling in adversity again - & unless I get relief soon I will loose all I have got - I had helped my father & mother to <s>several</s> several thousand dollars to relieve them from their pecuniary embarrassments which all put together falls on me beside that I can bear - You</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">can hardly believe me that I have labored by day & by night to get a start in the world and that I had so far succeeded that I was expecting to go home in the spring with $25000 - in money -<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>that through this unfortunate affair I have so encumbered this amount that I shall loose every dollar of it without aid comes now.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The promised day was beginning to dawn when I was looking forward to the time of my return to my good old Mother & Father to administer to their declining days. & enjoy their society & the society of all my friends which I so much need with a little aid I could still do so -<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I wrote to my friends if they would send me promptly $4500 -<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I could save myself - from utter ruin & loose the balance myself - I am barely meeting my interest & expenses - times are dull - every thing<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>- rents interests - Bills all is paid here by the month & a month here is as a year is at home.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>My friends cannot become impressed with this matter - Louisa has been sick since Nov. last & nearly had lost her reason - You may well imagine my feelings under all the circumstances - when I know my friends have the ability to do even more than I ask & when they are standing by & see me ruined in vindicating their honor & name - My prospects are not as they were a year ago - times have changed beyond adequate description<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>- & if I fall now I have no prospects of again rising here - Under these circumstances you may well imagine that feelings are kindled in my bosom which it would be improper to express - & contrary to the natural impulse of my soul - & while I am now on this point I say to you that if Powers immediate friends will not do me ordinary justice that the hand that blessed & saved them from a lasting burning shame & disgrace will yet turn to smite them - & if it were not for</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">my wife who lives in my inmost soul. I tell you I would <s>twice</s> re arrest Rolla & turn prosecutor in that very case - for the man’s name he shot is not “Hoover” but <u>Huber</u>, he was indicted for killing Hoover & was acquitted on that charge under our Peculiar statutes of the state, would be no bar to a new indictment. - permit me to say that I never allowed your name to be used in this whole tragedy - & that what I have written is only to explain the letter of Foote & Bakers voluntarily written by them after the trial and is from their own advise & suggestion, they well knowing my circumstances.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In conclusion, I would say that if you deem it proper to address my wife’s friends in a <u>plain letter</u> that you can induce them to do something to save me & for which kindness on your past mercy I always felt under obligation to you.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>With sentiments of the highest regards</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I am truly yours,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>John H Fry”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxiv]</span></span></span></span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">This letter is quite amazing.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If it is true that John Fry had not been reimbursed for his expense in clearing Rolla’s name, and was facing financial ruin, it is understandable that he was upset.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A letter written by Mary Powers, youngest daughter of Lemuel and Jane, to her Uncle Millard Fillmore, confirms that Jane Powers sent money to John, why it was “dishonored” we do not know.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>John’s thinly veiled threat to prosecute Rolla also sheds new light on Rolla’s “supposed” innocence.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I also find it interesting that it was John who aided Rolla’s failed attempts to flee the State.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Rolla was living in the George Gillis household in Coulterville, Mariposa County, California according to the 1860 U.S. Federal Census. He was occupied as a Saloon Keeper, was 32 years old and born in England.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His personal estate was valued at $500.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Rolla, or “R. Power” was also occupied as a saloon keeper (we presume that he and George were in business together), was 35 years old and born in Ohio.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxv]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A short obituary appeared in the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sacramento Daily Union</i>, 5 March 1863: “Died... In Coulterville, Feb. 25<sup>th</sup>, ROLLA POWERS, aged about 35 years.”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxvi]</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">There are no further letters from Alonzo Powers to Millard or Abigail Fillmore in the Millard Fillmore Collection at SUNY Oswego.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Alonzo (as A. Powers) was enumerated as head of household in the 1860 U.S. Federal Census, in New Haven, OH.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was identified as 39 years of age, born in Ohio, occupied as a shoemaker, with real estate valued at $2,500 and personal estate valued at $1,200.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His wife Mary was identified as 33 years old and born in Ohio.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Two children were listed in this household; Millard Powers, male and Adaline Powers, female, both 10 years of age and born in Ohio, both having attended school within the year.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also listed on this same census page was Alonzo’s mother Jane S. Powers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Her husband, Cyrus S. Carpenter, was not listed in her household.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Alonzo Powers died 19 August 1860, according to his obituary which was run in the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Norwalk Weekly Reflector</i> on 28 August 1860: </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“At Shelby, Ohio, on the 19<sup>th</sup> day of August, ALONZO POWERS, aged 39 years, 10 months and 2 days.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“WHERAS, It has pleased Almighty God, in the Wise Dispensation of His Providence, to summon by the hand of his unseen messenger, Death, the Spirit of our Past Grand Brother, ALONZO POWERS, from this early Lodge to that Lodge not made with hands – eternal in the Heavens:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“AND WHEREAS, We, as Odd Fellows, are taught that however keenly we may feel the shafts of the grim monster, yet we must acknowledge that He doeth all things well, and in a manner we cannot gainsay, and which we acknowledge to be agreeable to the mysterious wisdom of the Grand Patriarch who governs all things well: there-fore,</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“Resolved, That the members of this Lodge tender to the afflicted family and connections of our deceased Brother, ALONZO POWERS, our sincere and heartfelt sympathy in this the hour of their bereavement, and would fraternally point them to Him who has promised to be a Husband to the Widow and Father to the Orphan.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“Resolved, That a copy of these Resolutions be forwarded to the Widow of our deceased Brother, and one to each of the following papers for publication, viz: Plymouth <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Advertiser, </i>Norwalk <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Reflector, </i>Norwalk <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Experiment, Shield & Banner, </i>Mansfield <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Herald, </i>and Richland <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Democrat.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“R. McBride, J.W. Beekman, M.P. Wright, Plymouth, O., Aug. 21<sup>st</sup>, 1860.”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxvii]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Alonzo’s widow, Mary Jane, sold lot 30 in Plymouth, Huron County, OH to Thomas Cook on 1 April 1865 for $800.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Volney Powers was a witness to this sale.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxviii]</span></span></span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Abigail Ann Powers, daughter of Lemuel and Jane Strong (Bacon) Powers, was born about 10 March 1822 (or 1823) most likely in New Haven, OH.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxix]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She died of dropsy of the brain in Paris (later Plymouth), OH on 29 August 1835.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxx]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She was buried in the New Haven Cemetery, New Haven, OH.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxi]</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Phebe Ann Powers, daughter of Lemuel and Jane Strong (Bacon) Powers, was born 14 Feb 1825, probably in New Haven, Ohio.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"> <span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxii]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Phebe married Phillip D. Connell in Huron County, Ohio on 14 Feb 1844.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxiii]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Phillip and Phebe were found living in Plymouth, Ohio according to the 1850 U.S. Federal Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the household were listed Phillip Connell, 29 years old, male, born in Virginia, occupied as a cabinet maker, with real estate valued at $500, Phebe Connell, 25 years old, female, born Ohio “attended school within the year”, Frank Connell, 5 old, male, born Ohio, Charles Connell, 3 years old, male, born Ohio, Julia F. Connell, 1year old, female, born Ohio, Orlando Connell, 7 months old, male, born Ohio, and Angeline Russell, 11 years old, female, born Ohio.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While the mark for “attended school within the year” is found in the column of the line in which Phebe is identified, this may not be correct.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxiv]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One researcher gives a date of death for Phillip of 5 September 1854 in Galion, Crawford County, Ohio, but we have found no other records to confirm this.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxv]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Phebe and children are found living in Galion according to the 1860 U.S. Federal Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the household was Phebe A. Connell, 35 years old, female, born Ohio, real estate valued at $500, personal estate valued at $100; Charles Connell, 14 years old, male, born in Ohio, attended school within year; Julia F Connell, 11 years old, female, born in Ohio, attended school within the year; Powers Connell, 9 years old, male, born Ohio, attended school within the year; James C. Connell, 7 years old, male, born in Ohio, attended school within the year; and Wellington Connell, 5 years old, male, born in Ohio, attended school within the year.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If Wellington’s age was correct in the census taken 27 July 1860, and Phillip also died in 1854, then Wellington would have been born after his father’s death.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This must have been a very difficult time for the young widow, Phebe.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Phebe A. Connell is later listed as head of household in Landis, Cumberland County, New Jersey, according to the 1870 U.S. Federal Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In her household was: Phebe A. Connell, 46 years old, female, born in Ohio, occupied keeping house, with real estate valued at $8000 and a personal estate valued at $500; Frank P. Connell, 25 years old, male, born in Ohio, occupied as a grocer’s clerk; Charles Connell, 22 years old, male, born in Ohio, occupied as a grocer’s clerk; John P. Connell, 18 years old, born in Ohio; Clarance Connell, 16 years old, male, born in Ohio, attended school within the year; Wellington Connell, 15 years old, male, born in Ohio, attended school within the year; Philip Baker, 23 years old, male, born in Pennsylvania, occupied as a grocer, with personal estate valued at $1,500; and Latimer Baker, 21 years old, male, born in Pennsylvania, occupied as a grocer, with a personal estate valued at $1,500.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxvi]</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Although we have found no letters in the Millard Fillmore collection that were written by Phebe, nor any mention of her in her siblings’ letters, we have found Phebe’s children listed as grandchildren of Jane Strong (Bacon) Powers in her last will and testament, dated 5 August 1874: “The undersigned <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Volney Powers </i>makes application for the Probate of the Last Will and Testament of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Jane S. Powers </i>late of said county, deceased, hereto attached.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">and the following named persons <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">her </i>next of kin:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">NAME<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>DEGREE OF KINSHIP<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>P.O. ADDRESS</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Volney Powers<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Son<span style="mso-tab-count: 5;"> </span>New Washington, Crawford Co O</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Jane Teller<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>Daughter<span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>Vineland New Jersey</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Eliza Carpenter<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Do<span style="mso-tab-count: 5;"> </span>Plymouth, Ohio</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Lemuel Dubois<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Grand Son (son of Julia Powers)<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Plymouth, Ohio</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Millard F. P___<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Do<span style="mso-tab-count: 5;"> </span>Cleveland, Ohio</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ada Powers<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>Grand Daughter<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>Indiana</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Frank Connell<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Grand Son<span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>Toledo, Ohio</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Charles<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>Do<span style="mso-tab-count: 5;"> </span>Cincinnati, Ohio</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Julia<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>Grand Daughter<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>Ft. Wayne, Indiana</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Powers<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>Grand Son<span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>, Indiana</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Clarence<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>Do<span style="mso-tab-count: 5;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>, Indiana</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Wellington<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>Do<span style="mso-tab-count: 5;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>, Indiana</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Volney Powers </i>Applicant”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxvii]</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Jane Powers, daughter of Lemuel and Jane Strong (Bacon) Powers, was born 25 January 1827, probably in New Haven, Ohio.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxviii]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She was living in her mother’s household on 31 October 1850, in New Haven, when the 1850 U.S. Federal Census was taken.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxix]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She married 13 May 1851 Dr. Emery Rounds Tuller in Huron County, Ohio.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In a letter written to her aunt Abigail Fillmore on 6 October 1851, Jane formally introduces her husband:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“North Fairfield Oct. 6./51</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dear Aunt:</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Your were so kind when here as to express a desire to see my husband.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Will you do me the favor to except this miniature <s style="text-line-through: double;">of him</s>.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is very correct likeness of him when thoughtfull.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Abbie can tell you how he looks animated.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We have not <s style="text-line-through: double;">the</s> in the country the advantages of a good room and sky lights but</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">it will serve to give you some idea of how he looks and perhaps of his character. Tell me what you think of him aunt.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>From your affection Niece</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Jane Tulle[r]”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxx]</span></span></span></span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Jane wrote her Uncle Millard Fillmore and his son Millard Powers Fillmore in July of 1854, on the sad occasion of Millard and Abigail’s daughter Mary Abigail Fillmore’s death of cholera 26 July 1854 in Aurora, Cayuga County, New York:</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“Newark Licking Co. Ohio</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>July 28<sup>th</sup> 1854</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dear Uncle & Cousin</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You have many friends who sympathise with you on this mournfull occasion, yet I think there is not a heart mourns with you more than mine. I have loved her as a sister and a friend. Her sudden death fills me with anguish. I have so long desired to see her, and now she has gone.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>My health has been so feble for the past two years I thought I might not live long <s>&</s> and I desired to see her and talk to her before <u>I</u> died; but she has preceded me. The Lords ways are not my ways.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>How lonely your heart is, and how desolate your home. God in his providence is pressing to your lips a bitter cup; yet his word assures us he does not willingly afflict any: and we knew him too good to sin and too wise to err. May the Lord sanctify this deep affliction to your eternal good.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Your aff_ Niece and cousin</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Jane Powers Fuller</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">P.S. Uncle please send me some slight token of her something that she loved most</i></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Jennie”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxxi]</span></span></span></span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Millard Fillmore’s wife Abigail (Powers) Fillmore had passed away only one year before on 30 March 1853 in Washington, DC.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The U.S. Federal Census of Newark, Licking County, Ohio, taken 16 June 1860, shows Jane living with her husband Emery (or Emory) Rounds Tuller, who is 34 years old, born in NY, and occupied as a doctor, with real estate valued at $2,500 and personal estate valued at $700.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also in the household were their children: Malcolm, 8 years old, male, born in Ohio; Horace, 5 years old, born in Ohio; Willis, 3 years old, born in Ohio; and Royal, 1 year old, born in Ohio.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxxii]</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The name of E.R. Tuller, of Newark, Licking County, Ohio, 37 years old, born in New York, occupation Physician was found on the 13<sup>th</sup> Congressional District of Ohio Civil War Draft Registration record, enumerated during the month of June 1863.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxxiii]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Genealogical and Memorial History of the State of New Jersey</i>, Emery Rounds Tuller “was born at Genesee, New York, October 1, 1824.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While a young man he went from Genesee to Buffalo, from there to Cleveland, and later on removed to Fairfield, Ohio.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After stopping for some time in Newark, Ohio, he finally settled in Vineland, New Jersey, in 1866, where he remained engaged in the practice of his profession until his death in 1891.”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxxiv]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Emery and Jane, with their children Malcolm B., Horace L., Willis N., Royal P., John G., and Daisy M. Tuller were enumerated in the 1870 U.S. Federal Census in Landis, Cumberland County, New Jersey on 12 August 1870.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxxv]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is the same town in which Jane’s sister Phebe Ann, widow of Phillip Connell was living with her children in 1870.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Emery and Jane and some of their younger children were enumerated in the 1880 U.S. Federal Census in Landis, on the 18<sup>th</sup> of June.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxxvi]</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Mary Powers, the youngest child or Lemuel and Jane Strong (Bacon) Pomeroy, was born 20 June 1831, probably in New Haven, OH.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxxvii]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She was living with her mother in New Haven on 30 October 1850 when the U.S. Federal Census of that town was enumerated.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxxviii]</span></span></span></span> Mary apparently had a close relationship with her Uncle Millard Fillmore and his son Powers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In November, 1854 she wrote of returning from a visit to their home in Buffalo:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Plymouth Ohio</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Nov 19<sup>th</sup>/54</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dear Uncle</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I seize this first opportunity <s>of</s> to write you. I arrived at home safely the evening of the same day P left you and only remained over the Sabbath. Monday Morning I started for Sidney where I arrived in the evening. I found my sister very anxiously watching for me. Herself and two of her children were in miserable health. I was there not quite two weeks but during that time I made all the necessary arrangements and took my sister with all her little family home to Mother’s.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And now we are all once more comfortably settled and enjoying our home together.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mother’s health is not very good.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As soon as I got home the matter was all explained to me why Alonzo did not come for me. They had already sent for me by Mr. Cass, a friend of the family, and were expecting me daily. I knew my friends would not neglect me. Alonzo’s health is better than it has been for years. I think I never saw him looking so well. But Rolla, O that brother, we have just heard such heart rending news from him. But I cannot write of it perhaps you have heard of this dreadful calamity that has befallen us. O this great grief is almost more than we can bear. O well dont think you are alone in your affliction.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Death would be far preferable to this but it has come and may God give us grace to bear it. Pardon me I forget all this does not interest you as no one can appreciate it but those who have it to bear.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I am afraid you will think me egotistical for I have only written about myself and family. But it is needless to tell you how much pleasure I took in my visit at your house. I wish I was with you this evening to read to you for I enjoyed my reading very much.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Those miniatures are a very great comfort to me. I love to look at them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Please remember me kindly to Miss Fuller and tell Powers how much I thank him for placing me under the care of so kind a gentleman. </i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Please accept my warmest wishes for your happiness.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Mary Powers”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[</span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt;">lxxxix]</span></span></span></span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Sidney, Shelby County, Ohio was a stop on the Miami and Erie Canal’s Sidney or Port Jefferson Feeder Branch, which may be why Mary took this route home.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I’m not sure which sister she was referring to, as none, to my knowledge, lived anywhere near Sidney.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I believe that Louisa was living in San Francisco at the time, and do not think she had children.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Julia had died eleven years previous, Phebe we believe, was living in Galion, OH at that time, and Jane, according to a letter she wrote in July, was living in Newark, Licking County, Ohio.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Mary wrote to her Uncle Millard Fillmore in December 1854, again regarding her brother Rolla’s legal troubles:<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>“<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Plymouth Dec 10<sup>th</sup> 1854</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">My Dear Uncle</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>I was very happy to receive your very kind letter of the 26<sup>th</sup> ult which came to me in due time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I regretted much to hear of your affliction but trust that [ere] now you have recovered entirely.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I wish I had been there to have nursed your ear I am sure I could at least </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;">have</span> lightened the pain.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I used to suffer very much with earache.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>My Dear Uncle indeed you cannot know how much I thank you for your kind expressions of interest regarding my dear brother Rolla.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Yes it seems that his misfortunes, </i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">if I may call it by so charitable a name, binds me closer to him and makes him doubly dear to </i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">me.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I should never have alluded to the matter had </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;">I</span> thought it would have escaped your hearing.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is very painful to me to write it and to spare myself and give the matter more clearly to you I will just enclose one of our many letters we have received from my brother Mr. Fry.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I will send one of the first; we recieve [sic] one evry [sic] mail, one a week, but as the substantive matter is the same and this one is the most explicit I will send but this one. Our last letters tell us the counsel he has employed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Col E. D. Baker an old ex member of Congress from Illinois one of the best criminal lawyers in California. Also Ex Gov Foote formerly N.S.senator from Missippi a Lawyer of great reputation </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;">and success</span> in criminal cases.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also Messrs William and Newell of El Dorado Co lawyers of reputation and men of influence.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I know Mr. Fry will do everything in his power to save Rolla.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Alonzo & Volney have sent nothing, Alonzo cannot and Volney will not.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mother has done everything in her power, and all she has succeeded in sending has been $650, a mere drop in the cup.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For this she gave a judgment note with bail and a mortgage on her house and lot.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She tried hard for a thousand but this was all she could get.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She pays 12 ½ percent, 2 ½ per cent in advance, O how willingly would we give up all in this world if we could but save him.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It may not only be the means of saving his life but his soul which is of far greater value.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>My Mother is almost borne down with this heavy afflictio, & what worse thing could come upon us. Do not think I have written this cold and unfeeling.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>No, no, words are far too weak to express my feelings in this deep affliction.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>My love to your family and accept the warmest affection of </i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>Your Niece</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>Mary Powers</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">You may return me the letter I enclose if you will.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><s style="text-line-through: double;">Please</s><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>Mary.”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[</span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt;">xc]</span></span></span></span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> wrote to her Uncle Millard Fillmore regarding Rolla’s acquittal in January 1855:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>“Plymouth Huron Co O.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>Jan 17<sup>th</sup>1855</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">My Dear Uncle</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Your letter of the 15<sup>th</sup> ult was duly received.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I thank you for your kindly sympathy </i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">and am rejoiced that I have good news to tell you.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>My Brother has been honorably acquitted </i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">of those grave charges of having been proved the act was committed in self defence,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He is </i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">coming home when we will endeavor to do every thing for him to induce him to remain We shall expect him every steamer O what a time of rejoicing the bare anticipation makes me so happy I wonder what the reality will do Surely however large the cloud may be the blue sky is larger still if we could but see far enough.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>My Sister has been quite sick and I have been constantly confined to the sick room she is now convalescing.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Our weather is fine, more like April than January.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We have had but little</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">snow and no sleighing more than two or three days.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is so comfortably warm this morning that I have hung my birds out to enjoy the sun and they are rendering their thanks by singing so loud as to be heard nearly all over the village.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Please remember me to Miss Fuller and<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>accept for yourself the warmest affection of your niece</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>Mary Powers</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">I received a letter a few days since from Cousin Cyrus, he said they were all well.”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xci]</span></span></span></span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Mary would again write to her Uncle Millard in July 1856:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Galion Ohio</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> July 7 /56</i></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dear Uncle</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Hearing of your safe return I send you my most cordial greeting.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Welcome once again to your <u>country</u> and friends.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>By your return, friends are made happy and a nation to rejoice. The name of Millard Fillmore is greeted every where with shouts of</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">applause.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In your long absence I hope you have been blessed with health and happiness. If my greeting has been tardy it is not the least sincere.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Your affectionate Niece</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mary Powers”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[</span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">xcii]</span></span></span></span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Mary’s
sister Phebe was living as a widow with her children Charles, Julia,
Powers, James and Wellington in 1860, according to the U.S. Federal
Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It seems likely that Mary was visiting her sister when this letter was written.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This letter, no doubt, refers to Millard’s return to America from his European tour on 29 June 1856.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xciii]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We have found no other letters in the Millard Fillmore Collection which were written by Mary.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Mary was married to William L. Arnold in New Haven, OH on 30 December 1858.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xciv]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She died 27 July 1864.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xcv]</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">What’s Yours is Mine – Property Struggles</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 28 April 1835 a portion of David's property on lot number 6 in Norwalk, OH, including a dwelling, was auctioned at a sheriff's sale in order to raise money to settle a suit brought by Elisha Whittlesey. (This was part of the property that Mary Ann (Coe) Pomeroy Junkins brought with her into their marriage.) On 28 February 1840 David and Mary Ann Powers sold property on lot 67 in New Haven, OH to Joseph Rice for $200. (Joseph Rice was the husband of David's daughter Marcia.) About September 1840 David and Mary Ann were living in a house rented from Mr. Foreman in Sandusky, OH. On 30 January1841 David and Mary Ann were forced to sell the remainder of Mary Ann's property on lot 6 in Norwalk, OH to satisfy a suit brought against David by his sister Mary Powers. David and Mary Ann later purchased property on Washington St., Sandusky, OH. Mary Ann would later deed 1/3 of that property to her son Francis W. Pomeroy.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 17 February 1845 David Powers was elected Justice of the Peace in Portland, Erie Co., OH and the following August was elected president of the Temperance Society in Sandusky, OH. At this time Mary Ann was working as a seamstress. On 2 April 1849 David was appointed Postmaster at Sandusky City, OH on 2 April 1849, a position in which he served until 26 March 1853.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Between 1848 and 1853 a number of property transactions are recorded involving David and Mary Ann Powers, demonstrating their financial struggles. In June of 1848 Mary Ann purchased the south half of the East two-thirds of Lot 28 on Hancock St. in Sandusky from Alvina and Washington Dewey for $165. Two weeks later they sold the property to David’s brother-in-law Millard Fillmore for $100. In February 1849, David and Mary Ann sold the mortgage deed on this parcel to a John Linker. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 23 August 1852 Mary Ann Coe Pomeroy Junkins Powers died of cholera at her home on Washington St. in Sandusky. She had gone to her son Francis W. Pomeroy's home to help care for his children who were sick with cholera; the children recovered. Mary Ann was likely buried in the city’s Cholera Cemetery.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In 1853 David Powers tried to sell the property on Washington St. in Sandusky, including the 1/3rd share that belonged to Francis W. Pomeroy. Francis filed suit against David and his son Edson Powers and won the judgement.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David Powers died 2 October 1857 at the home of his son, Edson Powers in New Haven, OH. His final resting place is unknown.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">The Cholera</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">From the website <i>Cleveland Free Times Archives: Haunted Ohio</i> comes the following description of the Cholera Cemetery in Sandusky, Mary Ann’s believed final resting place.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><br />
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<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“On a small green plot of land next to the Sandusky Amvet Junior League Baseball Park before Harrison Street dead-ends with West Adams, a graveyard sits with the title 'Cholera Cemetery' almost proudly displayed across its entrance’s archway.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Though only three gravestones inhabit the cemetery, more than 400 bodies are entombed in its earth.</span></blockquote>
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<blockquote>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“Rumor has it that not all of the souls were lucky enough to have died before being interred.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the rush to bury the victims, many who were too sick to speak up or move were also tossed into the cold ground, covered with the countless corpses of their families, friends and neighbors....”</span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">It is extremely unlikely that
this was the fate of Mary Ann, as her husband had her laid out in the
house the night of her death, and she was not buried until the following
day.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It
is interesting, though, to note that David wrote to his sister Abigail
of nightmares that Mary Ann was still alive when buried.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i>Haunted Ohio</i> continues with the following:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span> </span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“The cholera epidemic in the mid-1800s hit Sandusky hard.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The small town was the most important spot on Lake Erie’s south shore, and seafaring men from other regions are thought to have brought the disease there.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When 19 cholera victims were thrown overboard a ship sailing to Detroit, the bodies washed up in Sandusky.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The townspeople, thinking them shipwreck victims, buried them, but the disease spread quickly.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“Sandusky’s worst year for the plague was 1849.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was reported that as many as 37 people died on a daily basis and there was great difficulty finding men to bury the dead bodies.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>More than half of the town’s population fled or were killed by the sickness.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The 69 worse days of the plague (between July 1 and September 7), saw more than 400 deaths.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A burial ground that had been used to receive the Protestant burials became known as the Cholera Cemetery, as victim’s bodies were buried there in mass graves...</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“By 1853, its fence had become so dilapidated that cattle got into the cemetery and disturbed the graves.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1884, a list of the cemetery’s legible tombstones was made, and in 1893 the lad was cleared of them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The cholera trench was never opened, however, and the bodies were not removed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The ground was plowed and used for hog slaughter, until the deceased’s relatives began to object.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“By 1909, children were playing on the grounds, climbing trees and building bonfires on graves.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A section became used as a chicken yard, until the deceased’s families again protested.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“By 1924, the grounds were finally renovated and a monument to those who gave their lives during the cholera epidemic was erected.<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span></span></span></blockquote>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Epilogue - the search continues</b></span> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In the fall of 2010, an old hospital building, unoccupied for over 40 years and located on the property that was once the Onondaga County Poorhouse, was given by the County to Onondaga Community College.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">The
Onondaga County Poorhouse had been built in 1827 as part of a state-wide
initiative to better serve the poor and indigent of New York State. </span></span></span></span>Construction work done around the facade of the building turned up not altogether unexpected results – bodies believed buried in the early 1800s, residents of the Poorhouse who had died there.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>An archaeological team from SUNY Binghamton (Public Archaeology Facility) was contacted and began an excavation of the site.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Site archaeologist, Daniel Seib was interviewed for an article appearing in the Syracuse <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Post Standard</i> on Monday, 6 December 2010.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Upon reading the article about the bodies that had been uncovered, I immediately wondered whether one of these may have been Spencer Pomeroy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I contacted Daniel Seib which began a collaboration between the APHGA, SUNY Binghamton, Onondaga County, the Town of Onondaga Historical Society and Jane Tracy, then Town of Onondaga Historian. [Read <a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2012/10/a-tale-of-love-and-loss-at-onondaga.html" target="_blank">Nancy's post about this project</a>. - <i>ed</i>.]</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The unanswered questions around Mary Ann Coe Pomeroy Junkins Powers remain. The APHGA maintains a <a href="http://www.americanpomeroys.org/Coe.html" target="_blank">Coe Family Research site</a> seeking answers to these questions:</span></i><br />
<ul>
<li><i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">when did Mary Ann divorce Spencer Pomeroy?</span></i></li>
<li><i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">why did Mary Ann move to Ohio?</span></i></li>
<li><i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">was Mary Ann legally married to Benjamin Junkins?</span></i></li>
<li><i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">where is Mary Ann's final resting place? Was she moved from the Cholera Cemetery as David Powers told his brother-in-law Millard Fillmore?</span></i></li>
<li><i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">where was Mary Ann between 1811, when she may have been abandoned by her first husband Spencer Pomeroy, and 1823 when we find her in Sandusky, Ohio? </span></i></li>
</ul>
<i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Can you help us solve these mysteries? We'd love to hear from you. </span></i><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i> - Susan Hughes </i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> <span style="font-size: 12pt;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" /> </span> </span><br />
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<div id="edn1" style="mso-element: endnote;">
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref1" name="_edn1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[i]</span></span></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of Crawford County and Ohio, </i>995</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref2" name="_edn2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></a> Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 22: P 159, Huron County Clerk’s Office, Norwalk, OH</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref3" name="_edn3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of Crawford County and Ohio, </i>995</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref4" name="_edn4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></a> J.I. Smith, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">New Washington and Cranberry Township, Directorial, Biographical, Historical, </i>[New Washington: Herald Job Print, 1889] 24</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref5" name="_edn5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[v]</span></span></span></span></a> Volney Powers household, 1860 U.S. Census, Cranberry, Crawford County, Ohio, P 277-8, Dwelling 814, Family 789; National Archives microfilm publication M653_951</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref6" name="_edn6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[vi]</span></span></span></span></a> Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 13, P 81, Huron County Clerk’s Office, Norwalk, OH</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref7" name="_edn7" style="mso-endnote-id: edn7;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[vii]</span></span></span></span></a> Volney Powers household, 1870 U.S. Census, Crawford, Crawford County, Ohio, P 396, Dwelling 85, Family 85; National Archives microfilm publication M593_1186</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref8" name="_edn8" style="mso-endnote-id: edn8;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[viii]</span></span></span></span></a>Florence Siefert Scrapbook</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref9" name="_edn9" style="mso-endnote-id: edn9;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ix]</span></span></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">New Washington and Cranberry Township, Directorial, Biographical, Historical; </i>47-48</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref10" name="_edn10" style="mso-endnote-id: edn10;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[x]</span></span></span></span></a> Florence Siefert Scrapbook</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref11" name="_edn11" style="mso-endnote-id: edn11;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xi]</span></span></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Powers Family, </i>103</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref12" name="_edn12" style="mso-endnote-id: edn12;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xii]</span></span></span></span></a> Letter from Louisa Powers [Paris, OH] to Abigail, Julia & Maria Fillmore [Buffalo, NY] 26 December 1836; held by Special Collections SUNY Oswego Penfield Library [Oswego, NY]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref13" name="_edn13" style="mso-endnote-id: edn13;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xiii]</span></span></span></span></a> Erie & Huron Co. marriages thru 1838/from 1934 DAR transcription, [www.rootsweb.com/pub/usgenweb/oh/erie/marriage/HurMar38.txt]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref14" name="_edn14" style="mso-endnote-id: edn14;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xiv]</span></span></span></span></a> Some Descendants of Law, Kerr & Knight, Mark Law [mark_law@yahoo.com] online [www.awt.ancestry.com/], accessed 18 October 2006</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref15" name="_edn15" style="mso-endnote-id: edn15;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xv]</span></span></span></span></a> Martin Kellogg, “Early Settlements in the Fourth Section of Norwalk and Vicinity,” <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Fire Lands Pioneer, </i>Vol 5 [June 1864]:21-23<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref16" name="_edn16" style="mso-endnote-id: edn16;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xvi]</span></span></span></span></a> Letter from Louisa Powers [Plymouth, OH] to Abigail Fillmore [Washington, DC], 7 April 1840; held by Special Collections SUNY Oswego Penfield Library [Oswego, NY]<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref17" name="_edn17" style="mso-endnote-id: edn17;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xvii]</span></span></span></span></a> Huron County Chapter of the Ohio Genealogical Society, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Huron County, Ohio Cemetery Inscriptions, </i>(Norwalk: Huron County Chapter of The Ohio Genealogical Society, 1997); 395<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></span></span></span><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref18" name="_edn18" style="mso-endnote-id: edn18;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xviii]</span></span></span></span></a> Benjamin W. Dwight, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The History of the Descendants of Elder John Strong, of Northampton, Mass, Volume I, </i>[Albany: Joel Munsel, 1871]; 529-30</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref19" name="_edn19" style="mso-endnote-id: edn19;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xix]</span></span></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Huron County, Ohio Cemetery Inscriptions, </i>395</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref20" name="_edn20" style="mso-endnote-id: edn20;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xx]</span></span></span></span></a> Charles W. Powers obituary, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Sandusky Clarion, </i>Sandusky, Ohio, 8 September 1846, P 3 Col 1</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref21" name="_edn21" style="mso-endnote-id: edn21;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxi]</span></span></span></span></a> Letter from Louisa Powers [Plymouth, OH] to Abigail Fillmore [Buffalo, NY] 12 December 1842; held in the collection of SUNY Oswego Penfield Library [Oswego, NY]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref22" name="_edn22" style="mso-endnote-id: edn22;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxii]</span></span></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Powers Family, </i>103</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref23" name="_edn23" style="mso-endnote-id: edn23;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxiii]</span></span></span></span></a> Ohio, County Marriages, 1790-1850, FamilySearch online [www.familysearch.org]; Reference No. Vol 2 P 160, Film No: 410258, Image No: 428</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref24" name="_edn24" style="mso-endnote-id: edn24;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxiv]</span></span></span></span></a> Letter from Erasmus Darwin Powers [Van Buren, AR] to Abigail Fillmore, 21 May 1846; held by Special Collections, SUNY Oswego Penfield Library [Oswego, NY]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref25" name="_edn25" style="mso-endnote-id: edn25;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxv]</span></span></span></span></a> Letter from John H. Fry [San Francisco, CA] to Millard Fillmore, 31 Jan 1855; held by Special Collections, SUNY Oswego Penfield Library [Oswego, NY]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref26" name="_edn26" style="mso-endnote-id: edn26;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxvi]</span></span></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Powers Family, </i>103</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref27" name="_edn27" style="mso-endnote-id: edn27;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxvii]</span></span></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref28" name="_edn28" style="mso-endnote-id: edn28;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxviii]</span></span></span></span></a> Letter from Julia Powers [Paris, OH] to Abigail Fillmore [Buffalo, NY], 29 April 1835; held by Special Collections, SUNY Oswego Penfield Library [Oswego, NY]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div id="edn29" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref29" name="_edn29" style="mso-endnote-id: edn29;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxix]</span></span></span></span></a> Letter from Julia Powers [Greenfield, OH] to Abigail Fillmore [Buffalo, NY] 30 August 1835; held by Special Collections, SUNY Oswego Penfield Library [Oswego, NY]</span></div>
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<br /></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div id="edn30" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref30" name="_edn30" style="mso-endnote-id: edn30;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxx]</span></span></span></span></a> Edwin Pomroy obituary, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Huron Weekly Reflector, </i>Norwalk, OH, 16 September 1834, P 3 Col 3</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref31" name="_edn31" style="mso-endnote-id: edn31;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxxi]</span></span></span></span></a> Milan Times article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Daily Cleveland Herald, </i>Cleveland, OH, 28 August 1835; unknown page; Col 4</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref32" name="_edn32" style="mso-endnote-id: edn32;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxxii]</span></span></span></span></a> Letter from David Powers [New Haven, OH] to Abigail Fillmore [Buffalo, NY], 15 November 1835; held by Special Collections, SUNY Oswego Penfield Library [Oswego, NY]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref33" name="_edn33" style="mso-endnote-id: edn33;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a> Letter from Julia DuBois [Paris, OH] to Abigail Fillmore [Buffalo, NY], 9 Feb 1836; held by Special Collections, SUNY Oswego Penfield Library [Oswego, NY]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref34" name="_edn34" style="mso-endnote-id: edn34;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxxiv]</span></span></span></span></a> George F. Du Bois household, 1900 U.S. Census, Gorham, Fulton County, OH, ED 10, Sheet 7B, Dwelling 193, Family 198; National Archives microfilm publication T623_1270.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref35" name="_edn35" style="mso-endnote-id: edn35;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxxv]</span></span></span></span></a> Richards Family Group GEDCOM, William Arthur Richards, Jr., [richards_w@treca.org] online [http://awt.ancestry.com/], accessed 19 June 2007</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref36" name="_edn36" style="mso-endnote-id: edn36;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxxvi]</span></span></span></span></a> Abraham Dubois household, 1840 U.S. Census, Plymouth, Richland County, Ohio, P 69; National Archives microfilm publication M19-139</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref37" name="_edn37" style="mso-endnote-id: edn37;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxxvii]</span></span></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Portrait and Biographical Record of Western Oregon, </i>[Chicago; Chapman Publishing Company,1904]; 291</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref38" name="_edn38" style="mso-endnote-id: edn38;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxxviii]</span></span></span></span></a> Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 16; P 288, Family History Center Film #396153, Salt Lake City, UT</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref39" name="_edn39" style="mso-endnote-id: edn39;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxxix]</span></span></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Huron County, Ohio Cemetery Inscriptions; </i>395</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref40" name="_edn40" style="mso-endnote-id: edn40;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xl]</span></span></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Powers Family, </i>103</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref41" name="_edn41" style="mso-endnote-id: edn41;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xli]</span></span></span></span></a> Letter from A. Powers [Plymouth, OH] to Abigail Fillmore, 14 October 1838; held by Special Collections, SUNY Oswego Penfield Library [Oswego, NY]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref42" name="_edn42" style="mso-endnote-id: edn42;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xlii]</span></span></span></span></a> A.A. Graham, compiler, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of Richland County, Ohio; (Including the Original Boundaries,) Its Past and Present, </i>[Mansfield, A.A. Graham & Co., Publishers, 1880] 560</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref43" name="_edn43" style="mso-endnote-id: edn43;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xliii]</span></span></span></span></a> Huron County, Ohio Probate Docket, Book 1; Family History Library film #1303066, Salt Lake City, UT</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref44" name="_edn44" style="mso-endnote-id: edn44;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xliv]</span></span></span></span></a> Letter from A. Powers [Plymouth, OH] to Abigail Fillmore [Buffalo, NY] 24 November 1839; held by Special Collections, SUNY Oswego Penfield Library [Oswego, NY]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref45" name="_edn45" style="mso-endnote-id: edn45;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xlv]</span></span></span></span></a> Letter from Alonzo Powers [Plymouth, OH] to Millard Fillmore [Washington, D.C.] 28 April 1840; held by Special Collections, SUNY Oswego Penfield Library [Oswego, NY]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref46" name="_edn46" style="mso-endnote-id: edn46;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xlvi]</span></span></span></span></a> A.T. Wikoff, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Annual Report of the Secretary of State to the Governor of the State of Ohio, including the Statistical Report to the General Assembly, </i>[Columbus: Nevins & Myers, State Printers, 1874]; 19</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref47" name="_edn47" style="mso-endnote-id: edn47;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xlvii]</span></span></span></span></a> Roelif C. Brinkerhoff, compiler, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Supplement to the Family of Joris Dircksen Brinkerhoff of New York City 1638, </i>[Riverside: Self Published, 1902]; 11-13</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref48" name="_edn48" style="mso-endnote-id: edn48;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xlviii]</span></span></span></span></a> J. Gardner Bartlett, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Robert Coe, Puritan: His Ancestors and Descendants 1340-1910 with Notices of Other Coe Families, </i>[Boston: J. Gardner Bartlett, 1911]; 200</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref49" name="_edn49" style="mso-endnote-id: edn49;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xlix]</span></span></span></span></a> A.B. Coe, Whig Convention delegates article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Huron Reflector, </i>Norwalk, OH, 13 September 1842</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref50" name="_edn50" style="mso-endnote-id: edn50;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[l]</span></span></span></span></a> Letter from Alonzo Powers [Plymouth, OH] to Abigail Fillmore [Buffalo, NY] 13 September 1844; held by Special Collections, SUNY Oswego Penfield Library [Oswego, NY]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref51" name="_edn51" style="mso-endnote-id: edn51;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[li]</span></span></span></span></a> Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 19; P 25, Family History Library Film # 396155, Salt Lake City, UT</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref52" name="_edn52" style="mso-endnote-id: edn52;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lii]</span></span></span></span></a> Letter from Alonzo Powers [Buffalo, NY] to Abigail Fillmore [Buffalo, NY], 28 April 1848; held by Special Collections, SUNY Oswego Penfield Library [Oswego, NY]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref53" name="_edn53" style="mso-endnote-id: edn53;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[liii]</span></span></span></span></a> Letter from Alonzo Powers [Buffalo, NY] to Abigail Fillmore [Buffalo, NY] 21 April 1849; held by Special Collections, SUNY Oswego Penfield Library [Oswego, NY]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref54" name="_edn54" style="mso-endnote-id: edn54;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[liv]</span></span></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Powers Family, </i>103</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref55" name="_edn55" style="mso-endnote-id: edn55;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lv]</span></span></span></span></a> Alonzo Powers household, 1850 U.S. Census, New Haven, Huron County, Ohio, P 189, Dwelling 2607, Family 2659; National Archives microfilm publication M432_697.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref56" name="_edn56" style="mso-endnote-id: edn56;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lvi]</span></span></span></span></a> Jane S. Powers household, 1850 U.S. Census, New Haven, Huron County, Ohio, P 189, Dwelling 2606, Family 2658; National Archives microfilm publication M432_697</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref57" name="_edn57" style="mso-endnote-id: edn57;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lvii]</span></span></span></span></a> Letter from Alonzo Powers to Millard Fillmore, 17 October 1854; held by Special Collections, SUNY Oswego Penfield Library [Oswego, NY]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref58" name="_edn58" style="mso-endnote-id: edn58;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lviii]</span></span></span></span></a> Letter from Alonzo Powers [Plymouth, OH] to Millard Fillmore 25 Jan 1855; held by Special Collections, SUNY Oswego Penfield Library [Oswego, NY]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref59" name="_edn59" style="mso-endnote-id: edn59;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lix]</span></span></span></span></a> Rolla Powers household, 1850 U.S. Census, Salmon Falls, El Dorado County, California, P 384, Dwelling 5, Family 5: National Archives microfilm publication M432_34</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref60" name="_edn60" style="mso-endnote-id: edn60;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lx]</span></span></span></span></a> Arrest of A Murderer article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sacramento Daily Union, </i>Sacramento, CA; 18 October 1854</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref61" name="_edn61" style="mso-endnote-id: edn61;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxi]</span></span></span></span></a> Rolla Powers article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Daily Alta California, </i>San Francisco, CA; 19 October 1854</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref62" name="_edn62" style="mso-endnote-id: edn62;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxii]</span></span></span></span></a> Case of Rolla Powers (News Article), <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Weekly Alta California, </i>San Francisco, CA, 1 Dec 1854; P 2</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref63" name="_edn63" style="mso-endnote-id: edn63;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxiii]</span></span></span></span></a> Letter from W.S. Foote and E.D. Baker [San Francisco, CA] to Millard Fillmore, 14 December 1854; held by Special Collections, Penfield Library, SUNY Oswego [Oswego, NY]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref64" name="_edn64" style="mso-endnote-id: edn64;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxiv]</span></span></span></span></a> Letter from John H. Fry [San Francisco, CA] to Millard Fillmore, 31 Jan 1855; held by Special Collections, Penfield Library, SUNY Oswego [Oswego, NY]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref65" name="_edn65" style="mso-endnote-id: edn65;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxv]</span></span></span></span></a> George Gillis household, 1860 U.S. Census, Coulterville, Mariposa County, California: P 674, Dwelling 591, Familly 586, National Archives microfilm publication M653_60</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref66" name="_edn66" style="mso-endnote-id: edn66;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxvi]</span></span></span></span></a> Rolla Powers Obituary, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sacramento Daily Union, </i>Sacramento, CA, 5 March 1863; </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref67" name="_edn67" style="mso-endnote-id: edn67;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxvii]</span></span></span></span></a> Alonzo Powers obituary, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Norwalk Weekly Reflector, </i>Norwalk, OH; 28 August 1860, P 3,Col. 1</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref68" name="_edn68" style="mso-endnote-id: edn68;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxviii]</span></span></span></span></a> Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 17; P 393, Huron County Clerk’s Office, Norwalk, OH.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref69" name="_edn69" style="mso-endnote-id: edn69;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxix]</span></span></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Powers Family; </i>P 103</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref70" name="_edn70" style="mso-endnote-id: edn70;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxx]</span></span></span></span></a> Letter from Julia Powers [Steuben, OH] to Abigail Fillmore, 30 August 1835; held by Special Collections, Penfield Library, SUNY Oswego [Oswego, NY]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref71" name="_edn71" style="mso-endnote-id: edn71;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxi]</span></span></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Huron County, Ohio Cemetery Inscriptions, </i>P 395</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref72" name="_edn72" style="mso-endnote-id: edn72;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxii]</span></span></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Powers Family; </i>P 103.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref73" name="_edn73" style="mso-endnote-id: edn73;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a> Ohio, County Marriages, 1790-1950, digital images, from FamilySearch Internet [www.familysearch.org] Reference No: Vol 2, P 143, Film # 410258, Image # 419</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref74" name="_edn74" style="mso-endnote-id: edn74;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxiv]</span></span></span></span></a> Phillip Connell household, 1850 U.S. Census, Plymouth, Richland County, Ohio; P 186A, Dwelling 170, Family 176, National Archives microfilm publication M432_724</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref75" name="_edn75" style="mso-endnote-id: edn75;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxv]</span></span></span></span></a> Scott Mace Gedcom; Ancestry World Tree Project, [http://awt.ancestry.com]; Accessed 27 September 2011</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref76" name="_edn76" style="mso-endnote-id: edn76;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxvi]</span></span></span></span></a> Phebe A. Connell household, 1870 U.S. Census, Landis Township, Cumberland County, New Jersey; P 358, Dwelling 618, Family 347, National Archives microfilm publication M593_859.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref77" name="_edn77" style="mso-endnote-id: edn77;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxvii]</span></span></span></span></a> Jane S. Powers will [1874], Surrogate’s Office, Richland County, Ohio</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref78" name="_edn78" style="mso-endnote-id: edn78;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxviii]</span></span></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Powers Family, </i>103</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref79" name="_edn79" style="mso-endnote-id: edn79;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxix]</span></span></span></span></a> Jane S. Powers household, 1850 U.S. Census, New Haven, Huron County, Ohio, P 189, Dwelling 2606, Family 2658; National Archives microfilm publication M432_697</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref80" name="_edn80" style="mso-endnote-id: edn80;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxx]</span></span></span></span></a> Letter from Jane Tuller [North Fairfield, OH] to Abigail Fillmore, 6 October 1851; held by Special Collections, Penfield Library at SUNY Oswego [Oswego, NY]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref81" name="_edn81" style="mso-endnote-id: edn81;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxxi]</span></span></span></span></a> Letter from Jane Tuller [Newark, OH] to Millard and Millard Powers Fillmore [Buffalo, NY] 28 July 1854; held by Special Collections, Penfield Library at SUNY Oswego [Oswego, NY]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref82" name="_edn82" style="mso-endnote-id: edn82;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxxii]</span></span></span></span></a> Emery Tuller household, 1860 U.S. Census, Newark, Licking County, Ohio, P 83, Dwelling 630, Family 658; National Archives microfilm publication M653_998.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref83" name="_edn83" style="mso-endnote-id: edn83;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a> Ancestry.com. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">U.S. Civil War Draft Registration Records, 1863-1865 </i>[database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref84" name="_edn84" style="mso-endnote-id: edn84;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxxiv]</span></span></span></span></a> Francis Bazley Lee, compiler, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Genealogical and Memorial History of the State of New Jersey: A Record of the Achievements of Her People in the Making of the Commonwealth and the Founding of a Nation, Volume I, </i>[New York: Lewis Historical Publishing Company, 1910]; 852</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref85" name="_edn85" style="mso-endnote-id: edn85;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxxv]</span></span></span></span></a> Emory R. Tuller household, 1870 U.S. Census, Landis, Cumberland County, New Jersey, P162, Dwelling 1548, Family 1352; National Archives microfilm publication M593_859</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref86" name="_edn86" style="mso-endnote-id: edn86;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxxvi]</span></span></span></span></a> Emery R. Tuller household, 1880 U.S. Census, Landis, Cumberland County, New Jersey, ED 83, P 30B, Dwelling 331, Family 351; National Archives microfilm publication roll 776</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref87" name="_edn87" style="mso-endnote-id: edn87;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxxvii]</span></span></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid.</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref88" name="_edn88" style="mso-endnote-id: edn88;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxxviii]</span></span></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Jane S. Powers household, 1850 U.S. Census</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref89" name="_edn89" style="mso-endnote-id: edn89;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxxix]</span></span></span></span></a> Letter from Mary Powers [Plymouth, OH] to Millard Fillmore, 19 November 1854; held by Special Collections, Penfield Library at SUNY Oswego [Oswego, NY]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref90" name="_edn90" style="mso-endnote-id: edn90;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xc]</span></span></span></span></a> Letter from Mary Powers [Plymouth, OH] to Millard Fillmore, 10 December 1854; held by Special Collections, Penfield Library at SUNY Oswego [Oswego, NY]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref91" name="_edn91" style="mso-endnote-id: edn91;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xci]</span></span></span></span></a> Letter from Mary Powers [Plymouth, OH] to Millard Fillmore, 17 Jan 1855; held by Special Collections, Penfield Library at SUNY Oswego [Oswego, NY]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref92" name="_edn92" style="mso-endnote-id: edn92;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xcii]</span></span></span></span></a> Letter from Mary Powers [Galion, OH] to Millard Fillmore, 7 June 1856; held by Special Collections, Penfield Library at SUNY Oswego [Oswego, NY]</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref93" name="_edn93" style="mso-endnote-id: edn93;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xciii]</span></span></span></span></a> Robert J. Scarry, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Millard Fillmore, </i>[Jefferson; McFarmland & Company, Inc., Publishers, 2001]; 274</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref94" name="_edn94" style="mso-endnote-id: edn94;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xciv]</span></span></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ohio, County Marriages, 1790 – 1950;</i> Ref. No: P 184 CN 1099, Film No. 410260, Image No. 142<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref95" name="_edn95" style="mso-endnote-id: edn95;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xcv]</span></span></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Powers Family; </i>529</span></div>
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<br />Susan Hugheshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06412744821381463346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3285100268676605169.post-81072240466801985212015-06-26T15:16:00.000-04:002015-06-26T15:16:35.587-04:00Running Barefoot-The Mary Ann Coe Story (Part 5)<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i>By Nancy Maliwesky</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i>Retired Director, APHGA</i></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><i>Editor's Note: </i></b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Readers of our blog
may recall the November 2011 post about Nancy Maliwesky’s research into the
elusive story of Mary Ann Coe Pomeroy. You can read (or reread) it </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2011/11/was-mary-ann-coe-pomeroy-in-le-roy-ny.html" target="_blank">here.</a> Nancy completed the draft of a publication prior to her retirement,
although there remain unanswered questions about parts of Mary Ann’s life
story. Hoping our readers may be able to help fill in some of these gaps, we’re
presenting Running Barefoot as a weekly series. We welcome your comments and
suggestions! Please feel free to share this blog with others who may be
interested. </i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> – Susan Hughes, Director, APHGA</i></span></div>
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<a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2015/05/running-barefootthe-mary-ann-coe-story.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>Missed Part 1? Click here.</b></span></a><br />
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<i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Millard
Fillmore, 13<sup>th</sup> President of the United States.</span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Library
of Congress photograph collection.</span></i></div>
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<a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2015/06/running-barefootthe-mary-ann-coe-story_5.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>Missed Part 2? Click here.</b></span></a><br />
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<a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2015/06/running-barefootthe-mary-ann-coe-story_12.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>Missed Part 3? Click here.</b></span></a><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2015/06/running-barefootthe-mary-ann-coe-story.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>Missed Part 4? Click here.</b></span></a> </b></span><br />
<br />
<br /><br /> <b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Brush with Celebrity</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b> </b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>The Powers Family out West</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David Powers was born 9 January 1782 in Stillwater, Saratoga
County, New York, to parents Reverend Lemuel and Abigail (Newland) Powers<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn1" name="_ednref1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[i]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One of seven children he was the youngest
male, having four older brothers, Cyrus, John, Royal Newland, and Lemuel M.,
and two younger sisters, Mary and Abigail.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Abigail would later go on to marry Millard Fillmore, who became the
thirteenth President of the United States<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn2" name="_ednref2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David’s brother Cyrus was born 1779 in Stillwater, Saratoga
County, New York<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn3" name="_ednref3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was named co-executor of his late father’s
estate with his widowed mother on 14 Jul 1800 in Saratoga County, NY, his
residence being identified as in Stillwater.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn4" name="_ednref4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He removed from Stillwater and settled in
Sempronius, Cayuga County, New York about 1801, where he was employed as a
schoolteacher.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn5" name="_ednref5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[v]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1802 he married Lydia Stow<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn6" name="_ednref6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[vi]</span></span></span></span></a>, and by
her had at least five children.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cyrus
was appointed a Justice of the Peace for Cayuga County, New York in 1804 and in
1806 was a Judge of the County Courts.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn7" name="_ednref7" style="mso-endnote-id: edn7;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[vii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cyrus was a Senior Warden at the first
meeting of the Sylvan Lodge, No. 41, Free and Accepted Masons, in Moravia, NY,
of which lodge he was an Acting Worshipful Master on 8 January 1811.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn8" name="_ednref8" style="mso-endnote-id: edn8;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[viii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 6 February 1811, Cyrus was named an
officer of the newly formed St. John the Baptist R.A. Chapter, No. 30 in
Moravia.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn9" name="_ednref9" style="mso-endnote-id: edn9;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ix]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“At a communication held October 29, 1811,
Cyrus Powers was appointed a deputy to the Grand Lodge of the State of New York
to procure a charter.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He attended the
session of the Grand Lodge held November 27, 1813 in New York City... At a
communication held January 6, 1812, Cyrus Powers, Ithlel Platt and Jesse
Millard were appointed a committee to confer with the school district committee
in regard to the erection of a building for the use of the school and
Masons.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The subscription paper bears the
date of April 8, 1812.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn10" name="_ednref10" style="mso-endnote-id: edn10;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[x]</span></span></span></span></a> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Cyrus Powers was named a head of household in the 1820 U.S.
Federal Census, living in Sempronius, NY.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>In his household were two free white males under 10 years of age, one
free white male of 10 through 16, one free white male of 16 through 18, one
free white male of 16 through 26, one free white male of 26 through 45, one
free white female of 10 through 16, two free white females of 26 through
45.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Three people in the household were
engaged in agriculture.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn11" name="_ednref11" style="mso-endnote-id: edn11;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cyrus’ wife Lydia died May 1821 in
Sempronius, at the age of 41.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn12" name="_ednref12" style="mso-endnote-id: edn12;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She was buried in the Kelloggsville Cemetery
in Sempronius.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn13" name="_ednref13" style="mso-endnote-id: edn13;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xiii]</span></span></span></span></a> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Cyrus married a second time o Mrs. Orpha Walker, a widow, on
2 February 1826 in Lansing, Tompkins County, New York.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn14" name="_ednref14" style="mso-endnote-id: edn14;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xiv]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was listed as head of household in
Lansing, NY according to the 1830 U.S. Federal Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cyrus and Orpha had a son, Lemuel Powers,
born in 1827 (probably in Lansing, NY).<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn15" name="_ednref15" style="mso-endnote-id: edn15;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xv]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In his household were one free white male
under 5 years of age, two free white males of 15 through 20, two free white
males of 20 through 30, one free white male of 50 through 60, two free white
females of 15 through 20 and one free white female of 40 through 50.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn16" name="_ednref16" style="mso-endnote-id: edn16;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xvi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cyrus was listed as head of household in
Niles, Cayuga County, New York according to the 1840 U.S. Federal Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In his household was one free white male of
10 through 15, one free white male of 15 through 20, one free white male of 60
through 70, two free white females of 15 through 20, one free white female of 50
and under 60.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His son Warren Powers was
listed on this same census page.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn17" name="_ednref17" style="mso-endnote-id: edn17;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xvii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cyrus died 10 October 1841 in Sempronius<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn18" name="_ednref18" style="mso-endnote-id: edn18;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xviii]</span></span></span></span></a>,
suffering, perhaps from diabetes.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn19" name="_ednref19" style="mso-endnote-id: edn19;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xix]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After his death Dr. William F. Cooper who had,
prior to his death, treated Cyrus for trouble in his legs and ankles was
assigned guardianship of Cyrus’s youngest son Lemuel.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn20" name="_ednref20" style="mso-endnote-id: edn20;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xx]</span></span></span></span></a> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Warren Powers, the eldest child of Cyrus and Lydia (Stow) Powers,
was born 1807 in NY<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn21" name="_ednref21" style="mso-endnote-id: edn21;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxi]</span></span></span></span></a>, married
Matilda Judson in Moravia, Cayuga County, New York in 1831 and had with her two
children, Warren Powers, born in 1836 and Lydia Powers born about 1839 in NY<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn22" name="_ednref22" style="mso-endnote-id: edn22;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Warren Powers, Sr., died 17 August 1865 in
Winona, Winona County, Minnesota<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn23" name="_ednref23" style="mso-endnote-id: edn23;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His wife Matilda died 8 Nov 1889 in Pleasant
Valley, Carleton County, Minnesota, at the home of her daughter Lydia, wife of
Matthew James Laird<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn24" name="_ednref24" style="mso-endnote-id: edn24;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Orphea Powers, the eldest daughter of Cyrus and Lydia (Stow)
Powers, was born 22 February 1810 in Sempronius, NY.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She married Cephas R. Leland in Irving,
Chautauqua County, New York in 1834.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn25" name="_ednref25" style="mso-endnote-id: edn25;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxv]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Orphea and Cephas had at least three
children: Aaron Granger Leland, born December 1830 in East Otto, Cattaraugus
County, New York<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn26" name="_ednref26" style="mso-endnote-id: edn26;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxvi]</span></span></span></span></a>;
Cyrus Powers Leland, born 31 Jul 1836 in Irving, NY<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn27" name="_ednref27" style="mso-endnote-id: edn27;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>; and
Emma Jennie Leland, born 28 August 1838 in NY State<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn28" name="_ednref28" style="mso-endnote-id: edn28;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cephas Leland was a lawyer and in 1846 was
appointed by Governor Wright as the attorney for the Seneca Nation<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn29" name="_ednref29" style="mso-endnote-id: edn29;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxix]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Dr. Cyrus Powers, the third child of Cyrus and Lydia (Stow)
Powers, was born 8 Jul 1814 in Sempronius.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn30" name="_ednref30" style="mso-endnote-id: edn30;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxx]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was a practicing physician in Moravia in
1845, when he joined the Cayuga County Medical Society<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn31" name="_ednref31" style="mso-endnote-id: edn31;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxi]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He married Cornelius Carter, daughter of
Eleazer Carter on 22 September 1846 in Moravia<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn32" name="_ednref32" style="mso-endnote-id: edn32;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>No children are known of this union.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Dr. Cyrus Powers died in Moravia on 21 March
1880<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn33" name="_ednref33" style="mso-endnote-id: edn33;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>
where he was buried in the Indian Mound Cemetery<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn34" name="_ednref34" style="mso-endnote-id: edn34;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The fourth child of Cyrus and Lydia (Stow) Powers was a son,
Haven Powers, born in 1817 (probably in Sempronius).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He also became a lawyer and lived in Croydon,
Sullivan County, New Hampshire<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn35" name="_ednref35" style="mso-endnote-id: edn35;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxv]</span></span></span></span></a>,
Irving, NY and Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Adaline in 1850.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn36" name="_ednref36" style="mso-endnote-id: edn36;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxvi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The youngest child of Cyrus and Lydia (Stow)
Powers, was Henry Powers who was born in 1820, probably in Sempronius<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn37" name="_ednref37" style="mso-endnote-id: edn37;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was living in Plymouth, Wayne County<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn38" name="_ednref38" style="mso-endnote-id: edn38;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
prior to his death in Moravia on 10 December 1850.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn39" name="_ednref39" style="mso-endnote-id: edn39;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxix]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is not believed that he married.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was buried in the Kelloggsville Cemetery
in Sempronius, NY.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn40" name="_ednref40" style="mso-endnote-id: edn40;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xl]</span></span></span></span></a> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David’s brother John Powers was born in 1784 (probably in
Stillwater), and married Phena Southworth probably before 1810.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn41" name="_ednref41" style="mso-endnote-id: edn41;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xli]</span></span></span></a></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>John was listed as head of household in the
1810 U.S. Federal Census of Dryden, Tompkins County, New York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In his household were one free white male of
26 through 44, two free white females under 10 years of age, one free white
female of 16 through 25 and one free white female of 26 through 44.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn42" name="_ednref42" style="mso-endnote-id: edn42;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xlii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>John and his family were living in Sempronius
at the time that the 1820 U.S. Federal Census was taken.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In his household were one free white male of
26 through 45, three free white females under 10 years of age, one free white
female of 10 through 16, and one free white female of 26 through 45.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One person in the household was engaged in
agriculture.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It would appear from this
and the previous census that John and Phena had children.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His brother Cyrus Powers was also listed on
that same census page.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn43" name="_ednref43" style="mso-endnote-id: edn43;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xliii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>John died about 1821, probably in St. Louis,
St. Louis County, Missouri, based on a letter written from David Powers to his
sister Mary on 24 April 1823 in which he states “I received your letter of December.
last in which was the supposed death of our Brother John & I think we have
no reason to doubt the Reality of it from the accounts you state – I Much
feared his death sometime before at St. Louis & knew not that a
confirmation of such an account would so shoct me – But Dear Sister we must all
died! and as the Poet expresses It must “have the parting breath, and pass <u>alone</u>
the gloomy vale of Death!”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>But Alas! our
Brother! lying upon the bed of Death – far from friends & his native home,
the thought how agonizing – yet you a Sister can realize as well as I a Brother
– But our Mother – who have children can better judge of her feelings than
you...”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn44" name="_ednref44" style="mso-endnote-id: edn44;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xliv]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What brother John was doing in St. Louis, and
what he died of, we do not know.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David’s brother Royal Newland Powers was born in 1786 in
Stillwater, NY.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn45" name="_ednref45" style="mso-endnote-id: edn45;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xlv]</span></span></span></span></a>
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He studied medicine under Dr. Annable in
Moravia, NY and later joined on 4 August 1808 the Cayuga County Medical
Society.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn46" name="_ednref46" style="mso-endnote-id: edn46;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xlvi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He married, before 1808, Francis L. Bottom in
Stillwater.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn47" name="_ednref47" style="mso-endnote-id: edn47;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xlvii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The couple had one son, Dr. Erasmus Darwin
Powers, born 1808 in Cayuga County, (probably Stillwater).<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn48" name="_ednref48" style="mso-endnote-id: edn48;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xlviii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Royal N. Powers was listed as head of
household in the 1810 U.S. Federal Census in Aurelius, Cayuga County, New
York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In his household were one free
white male under 10 years of age, one free white male of 16 through 25, and one
white female of 16 through 25.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn49" name="_ednref49" style="mso-endnote-id: edn49;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xlix]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also, in 1810, he served as a surgeon in Lt.
Colonel Cornelius D. DeWitt’s regiment of the New York militia.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn50" name="_ednref50" style="mso-endnote-id: edn50;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[l]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 25 December 1810, he was present at the
first meeting of the Sylvan Lodge, No. 41, Free and Accepted Masons, held at
Moravia, NY.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn51" name="_ednref51" style="mso-endnote-id: edn51;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[li]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He had moved to Ohio prior to 19 June 1811
when he was admitted to the Mt. Zion Lodge in Clinton, Knox County, Ohio, of
which he was a member through 1812.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn52" name="_ednref52" style="mso-endnote-id: edn52;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Royal was drafted and served as Assistant
Surgeon in Colonel Charles Miller’s 3<sup>rd</sup> Regiment of Ohio Militia
during the War of 1812.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn53" name="_ednref53" style="mso-endnote-id: edn53;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[liii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Royal was an early settler of New Haven, and
shared a medical practice with Dr. Samuel B. Carpender.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn54" name="_ednref54" style="mso-endnote-id: edn54;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[liv]</span></span></span></a></span> He is
also credited with being the first merchant to bring goods to the town for
sale.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn55" name="_ednref55" style="mso-endnote-id: edn55;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lv]</span></span></span></span></a> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">According to the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History
of Richland County</i> website, “The first doctor was Royal V. Powers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He came in 1815, tore down that immortal
first cabin and erected a frame building, about 18x26 feet and one story
high.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Here he swung his shingle, kept a
few drugs and practiced medicine.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Powers
afterward settled in the vicinity of New Haven, Huron County, and he and his
brother David laid out that place.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His
sister was the wife of Millard Fillmore.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The website also states that, “In 1815, E.P. Sturges came from Fairfield,
Conn., and opened a little store in a log cabin, directly opposite the present
site of the Wiler House.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Soon after he
bought out Dr. Powers, and that corner, where the first cabin was erected, has
ever since been known as the “Sturges corner.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>A Mr. Buckingham Sherwood came with him.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>They soon did a thriving business.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn56" name="_ednref56" style="mso-endnote-id: edn56;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lvi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As you can see, the exact year in which Royal
Powers settled in New Haven is up for debate!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>According to the book <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Early
Ohioans’ Residences from the Land Grant Records</i>, Royal N. Powers was given
a land grant in Richland, Ohio on 15 October 1815.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn57" name="_ednref57" style="mso-endnote-id: edn57;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lvii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to the book<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> History of the Fire Lands</i>, Royal was an inn-keeper in New Haven
about 1816.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn58" name="_ednref58" style="mso-endnote-id: edn58;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lviii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That same year, he sold land in Richland, OH
to Ebenezer Sturges.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn59" name="_ednref59" style="mso-endnote-id: edn59;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lix]</span></span></span></span></a> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Numerous land sales were made by Royal and David Powers
between the years 1815 and 1819.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These
are listed under David Powers’ biography (below).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 4 February 1819, Royal and his wife
Frances deeded in-lot 100 in the town plat of New Haven to Prince Haskell for
$30.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn60" name="_ednref60" style="mso-endnote-id: edn60;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lx]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 13 February 1819, Royal and wife Frances
deeded in-lot 115 in the town plat of New Haven to Stephen McDougal of Newark,
Licking County, Ohio for $40.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn61" name="_ednref61" style="mso-endnote-id: edn61;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 30 Mar 1819, Royal and his wife Frances
deeded lots 67, 69, 71 and 76 of the town plat of New Haven to William Clark
and David Dow of New Haven for $1000.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn62" name="_ednref62" style="mso-endnote-id: edn62;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 7 April 1819, Royal and wife Frances
deeded to George Shivvel of New Haven, land on lot 64, (except the small house)
and lot 86 of the plat in the town plat of New Haven for $50.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn63" name="_ednref63" style="mso-endnote-id: edn63;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxiii]</span></span></span></span></a> On 9
April 1819, Royal and wife Frances deed to Lucy Wilcox of New Haven, in-lot 95
in the Town Plat of New Haven “for and in consideration of the sum of one
Spanish Milled Dollar lawful money of the United States”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn64" name="_ednref64" style="mso-endnote-id: edn64;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxiv]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Coin Site</i>, “The Spanish Milled Dollar was a term English
speakers gave to the Spanish 8 Reales that was minted on a coin press from
1732-1826.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The term “milled” refers to
the fact that the coin blanks (planchets) were made on a milling machine and
were of consistent weight and size.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
introduction of this technologically superior product kept Spanish coins as a
basis for the world monetary system...”</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“Many countries, European and Asian, countermarked Spanish
Milled Dollars for use within their own countries.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the United States these coins were legal
tender up until the Civil War period.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Milled Dollars had a powerful effect on the U.S. coinage system.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Our dollar was based on the Spanish Milled
Dollar and some of the slang expressions referring to this money still survive
today.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As an example, the 8 Real was
often cut into 8 “bits” to make change.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Each bit was worth 12 ½ cents (100 divided by 8).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Though rapidly fading now, the expression 2
bits still refers to a quarter dollar.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn65" name="_ednref65" style="mso-endnote-id: edn65;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxv]</span></span></span></span></a> </span></blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">One dollar, whether Spanish or otherwise, was a low price to
pay for property, even in 1819.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This
price might indicate a relationship between Lucy Wilcox and Royal and Frances
Powers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although no evidence to date
supports this, there may be a connection between Lucy Wilcox and David Powers’
wife, whose maiden name was Polly Wilcox.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Could Lucy have been the widowed mother-in-law of David, the brother of
Royal Powers, or perhaps a widowed sister-in-law of Polly?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Huron County, Ohio Listserv on Rootsweb.com
lists a query in which the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Huron County
Kinologist</i>, Vol. 7, No. 3, Fall 1992 is quoted.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This particular article was compiled by H.
& M. Timman and is entitled “Huron County Early Guardianship Index”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Two names are listed: Asahel H. Wilcox, May
1820, and Lucy Wilcox, February, 1819.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn66" name="_ednref66" style="mso-endnote-id: edn66;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxvi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although an internet search for Lucy Wilcox
provided no results that could be tied to New Haven, an internet search of
Asahel Wilcox did.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Biographies page
of the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ohio Genealogy Express</i>
identify Asahel Wilcox as the father of F.E. Wilcox “who was born December
1843, in Peru township”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A grandson of
Daniel Wilcox, F.E. Wilcox’s father was Asahel Wilcox, who was born 2 September
1805 in Gorham, Ontario County, New York and migrated to Ohio in 1820.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn67" name="_ednref67" style="mso-endnote-id: edn67;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxvii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It remains to be seen whether this Lucy
Wilcox who purchased land in New Haven from Royal and Frances Powers, is
related to Asahel Wilcox, son of Daniel Wilcox.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 21 May 1819, Royal was amongst the jurors assigned to the
murder trial in which two Native Americans were accused of killing John Wood
and<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>George Bishop in 1819 “on the
Peninsula”; the trial was held at the County Court in Norwalk, OH.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to an article written by W.C. Allen
in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Fire Lands Pioneer</i>, “The next
day, Friday May 21<sup>st</sup>, the trials took place.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Court room was crowded, and many, unable
to gain admission into the room were congregated in the yard below.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>David Abbot, Esq., then living at the old
County Seat, and S. Cowles, Esq. of Cleveland, appeared as attorneys for the
Indians.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Negonaba was the first to be
arraigned, and the indictment was read and interpreted to him by John B.
Flemmond.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He plead not guilty.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A jury was then impanelled, consisting of the
following named persons, to wit: Josiah Rumery, Sylvester Pomeroy, William R.
Beebe, Samuel Spencer, Moody Mears, Daniel Mack, Royal N. Powers, Daniel W.
Warren, William Speers, and Isaac Allen.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>While the jury were being impanelled, Negonaba was called up to
challenge the panel, and at once rejected every red-headed man on the jury.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn68" name="_ednref68" style="mso-endnote-id: edn68;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(Author’s note: <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">As a Pomeroy researcher for over seven years now, I was not surprised
to see one pop up on this jury list.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It
is my opinion that the Pomeroys were the Forrest Gump of American History.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They are, and were, everywhere!</i>)</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Back to the business of land sales. On 29 June 1819, Royal
and wife Frances sold in-lots 17, 18, 19, 109 and 110 on the town plat of New
Haven, to Wilson Elliott of Mansfield, Richland County, OH for $160.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn69" name="_ednref69" style="mso-endnote-id: edn69;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxix]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The very next day, they sold in-lot 55 in the
town plat of New Haven to Rachel Haskins for $25.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn70" name="_ednref70" style="mso-endnote-id: edn70;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxx]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 28 September 1819, Royal and Frances
deeded in-lot 85 in the town plat of New Haven to Martin M. Kellogg of New
Haven for $50.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn71" name="_ednref71" style="mso-endnote-id: edn71;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 13 February 1820, Royal N. Powers “late of
New Haven in said County of Huron and State of Ohio” purchased 8 acres of Lot
66 in New Haven from Oliver and Susannah Granger of Lower Sandusky for $24.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn72" name="_ednref72" style="mso-endnote-id: edn72;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It would appear from this last deed that
Royal and wife Frances had moved.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We
learn where in the following deed, dated 3 June 1820, where Royal N. Powers and
Francis S. his wife “of Delaware, in the County of Delaware in the State of
Ohio” sold in-lot 20 in the town plat of New Haven to John McDowell for $35.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn73" name="_ednref73" style="mso-endnote-id: edn73;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Delaware, OH is about 60 miles South
South-west of New Haven, Ohio.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 13 June 1820, Royal and wife Frances of Delaware, OH
deeded 40 rods of land located on in-lots 53, 54 and 91 in the town plat of New
Haven to David Reed and Frederick Casey for $50.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn74" name="_ednref74" style="mso-endnote-id: edn74;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxiv]</span></span></span></span></a> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Royal N. Powers was listed as a head of household in
Delaware, OH according to the 1820 U.S. Federal Census, enumerated on 7 August
1820.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In his household were one free
white male of 10 through 16, one free white male of 16 through 26, one free
white male of 26 through 45, one free white female of 16 through 26 and one
free white female of 26 through 45.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn75" name="_ednref75" style="mso-endnote-id: edn75;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxv]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While it is likely that the male of 10
through 16 was Royal’s son Erasmus Darwin Powers, and that Royal was the free
white male of 26 through 45 and Francis was the free white female of 26 through
45, we do not know who the other two people in the household were.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 28 May 1821, Royal N. Powers of Delaware, OH, without his
wife Frances, deeded land on lot 81 in the town plat of New Haven “together
with all improvements, water Courses, profits and appurtenances whatsoever to
the said premises” to Chism May of Huron County, OH for $65.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn76" name="_ednref76" style="mso-endnote-id: edn76;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxvi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Chism May was the father of Jesse May who
married David Powers’ daughter Abigail in 1841.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The omission of Francis L. (Bottom) Powers from this deed, may indicate
that she had died before this deed was entered into the County Deed books, as
she is not taken aside and questioned regarding her willingness to sell the
property.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 26 February 1822, Royal N.
Powers, of Delaware, OH, deeded lots 13, 14, 15 and 16 in the town plat of New
Haven “together with all improvements and appurtenances whatsoever” to John
Holstead, Westly Davenport, Basil Davenport and Ira Davenport of Pickaway
County, Ohio for $1800.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Again, Royal’s
wife Frances is not named in this deed.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn77" name="_ednref77" style="mso-endnote-id: edn77;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxvii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A letter written by Royal’s son Erasmus
Darwin Powers to his aunt Abigail Fillmore (a mere ten years his senior) and
dated 7 February 1841, states <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">“</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Suffice it to say that I have passed through every
vicissitude of life that it is passible for man at my age to experience _ from
poverty in boyhood [improtuted], unguided, and unadvised and<b> </b>at the
tender age too of fourteen I commenced my lonely course through life (for I was
absent from my only remaining friend my Father from that period until his death
with little inception and wholly unaided by him)”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn78" name="_ednref78" style="mso-endnote-id: edn78;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxviii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The book <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Leland
Magazine</i> gives a year of birth for Erasmus as 1808, if his letter is
correct that he was alone at the age of 14, it seems logical that his mother
was dead at that time, which would have been 1822.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Did he go to live with his maternal
grandparents after his mother’s death?</span></span><br />
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">It seems that Royal’s life
took a turn after his wife’s death.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He
continued to sell his land in New Haven: on 16 April 1822 he sold to Rufus
Blackmer 3.85 acres of land on or adjoining lot 41 for $50.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn79" name="_ednref79" style="mso-endnote-id: edn79;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxix]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 18 April 1822, Royal signed a quitclaim to
Moses S. Beach to “all the right, title or interest I have in or to one certain
piece or parcel of Land situate in the aforesaid New haven within the Plat
therof... running between In Lots No. 6 and 7 together with all the Land on
which sd. Beachs dwelling House stands and also one Alley bounded west on the
town Plat aforesaid and East on Said Beach’s Land” for $1.00.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn80" name="_ednref80" style="mso-endnote-id: edn80;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxx]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 6 Jul 1822 the Indiana Gazette ran the
following Masonic Notice: “At a regular meeting of the Hiram Lodge, No. 18,
held at the masonic hall at Delaware, the 4<sup>th</sup> of June A.D. 5822, Dr.
Royal N. Powers was expelled from said lodge, and all benefits of masonry, for
unmasonic conduct.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>All members of the
fraternity will please take notice and govern themselves accordingly – Said
Powers is a man about 35 years of age, light complexion, and about six feet in
height.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>By order of said Lodge, Sidney
Moore, Sec. Delaware, June 8, 1822.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn81" name="_ednref81" style="mso-endnote-id: edn81;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxxi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ohio Genealogy Express</i> website, Delaware County, Ohio Biographies
“Dr. Royal N. Powers located in Delaware in 1820.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was given “a ride on a rail” after being
here a short time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Where he went was never
known.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn82" name="_ednref82" style="mso-endnote-id: edn82;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxxii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Another contemporary source states: ”Dr.
Royal N. Powers was the next doctor in the field, and came to the county about
1820. He settled in the town of Delaware, but, owing to conduct that was
unappreciated by a majority of the people, he was, it is said, compelled to
leave somewhat unceremoniously. A number of the citizens accompanied him a
short distance on the way, and presented him with a "ride on a rail"
as a token of their remembrance.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn83" name="_ednref83" style="mso-endnote-id: edn83;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to Wikipedia “<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Riding the rail</span> (also called <i>running
out of town on a rail</i>) was a punishment in Colonial America in which a man
(rarely a woman) was made to straddle a fence rail (usually the triangular
split-rail rather than the modern machine-milled) held on the shoulders of at
least two men, with other men on either side to keep him upright. The victim
was then paraded around town or taken to the city limits and dumped by the
roadside. Intense pain came from the weight of the body resting on the sharp,
narrow edge and injuries from the ride could, if the victim were stripped, cut
the crotch and make walking painful. Alternatively, the term also refers to
tying a person's hands and feet around a rail so the person dangles under the
rail.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“The punishment was usually a
form of mob extrajudicial punishment, sometimes imposed in connection with
tarring and feathering.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was intended to show community displeasure
with the victim so he either conformed his behavior or left.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn84" name="_ednref84" style="mso-endnote-id: edn84;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxxiv]</span></span></span></span></a> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">An all together different
version of Royal’s troubles was told by his brother David in a letter to their
sister Mary on 24 April 1823: <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“I should
have written to you immediately after the reception of your letter had it not
been that Royal left Delaware about that period of time & I could not learn
to what place he intended to go for some time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>I have since learnt that his intentionswere to go to some of <span style="mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;">the</span> Southern States, he has not
determined where he should make his place of residence, Darwin went with him –
he resided in Kentucky last summer<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You
have probably ere this heard something concerning him by the means of Capt.
Potter, who told me that he saw B<sup>r</sup>. Cyrus & conversed with him
about Royals situation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>it is about one
year since I have seen him, you have probably heard of his Expulsion from the
Lodge & perhaps not of his restoration – on a trial at the Grand Lodge he
was reinstated – I neglected awhile writing to you in hopes of giving you
particular information relative to B<sup>r</sup>. Royal destined place of abode
but I acknowledge Dear Sister that I have been guilty of a gross neglect in not
writing sooner...”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn85" name="_ednref85" style="mso-endnote-id: edn85;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxxv]</span></span></span></span></span></a></i><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">On 24 Jul 1823,
Royal N. Powers of Delaware, OH, deeded to his brother David Powers, “land
lying in the Township of Newhaven being a part of Lot No. sixty six” for five
dollars.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn86" name="_ednref86" style="mso-endnote-id: edn86;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxxvi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 29 April 1824, Royal N. Powers of
Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio, was issued a U.S. Patent (No. 3859X) for a
reacting rotary steam engine.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn87" name="_ednref87" style="mso-endnote-id: edn87;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxxvii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Royal wrote a letter to his sister Abigail on
8 February 1824 shedding light on this invention, and his physical and
emotional state at that time:</span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> </span></i></span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">“</span>Cincinnati Feby 8<sup>th</sup> 1824</i></span></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“D<sup>r</sup> Sister</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“I have been so occupied with my
mechanical pursuits, that I have indeed forgotten when I wrote you last –
Nevertheless, I suppose you have often heard from me, through the medium of the
Newspapers, as I forwarded Since to Br Cyrus – I am Here pursuing my Mechanical
investigations I am now building a boat & Engine on my improvision –
Already I have reallised, exclusive of expenses, Several thousand dollars &
if on further trial it Should justify the present expectations, it will be a <u>fortune</u></i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>”I am now making calculations to visit you
in the course of the Season perhaps, in the Summer, with Darwin, who will by
that time have completed his classical studies, or at least – all I believe I
shall give him –</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“As soon as I shall have Started an
Engine & Boat on my plan: (Should it be Successful) my business will call
me to the Eastward & I shall make my first tour to Cayuga - - I feel a
strong propensity to return again to that Society which has hitherto given me
So much pleasure & to Spend the remainder of my days with friends &
connections – there is very little Satisfaction Arrived from this course of
life – Its ease, & perplexities <s>of life</s> are multiplied by the wont
of a home - & I hope, from present prospects, to be able, soon – to secure
a home, with a competency, for the [?] of <s>life</s> my days</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“It will no doubt be a consolation to you
& my friends in general to know that I am in good health & Darwin also
- & that my prospects are truly flattering – But I do not build <u>too</u>
much on those prospects Lest a disappointment Should ensue – I begin to feel
also, I know not the cause, but some how or other I do not enjoy life as I
ought – I have no place that I can call home or rather I can not reallize it –
wandering from place to place among strangers – but I hope it will not last
long – I believe I shall not write to Br Cyrus again, he seems to be
indifferent about writing to me – Br. Lemuel was here Not Long Since to see me
& my Engine.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>his & Davids family
were well-- I Suppose that in 90 days from this time an Engine & Coat on my
plan will be in operation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>at that time
I shall be able to make certain calculations for the future –</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“The Small <u>one</u> which I have made
has performed admirably for about 3 months under the inspection of <u>thousands</u>
& still [?] its <u>operation</u>, but Such is the obstinacy of mankind that
they will not <u>believe</u> till compelled by <u>actual</u> operations – No
Man has ever attempted great operation without oppositions-“ the first man who
attempted to drive a boat by steam was [?ed] and confined for a lunatic”
“Fulton was thot by the populace to be crazy”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>But now those things are perfectly [?ion] – So there are oppositions to
my System because <u>Ignorance</u> cannot comprehend it But I trust in Heaven
that a few months will Shew to the world a new principle in mechanism which has
hitherto escaped the researches of Mechanic Philosophers & remained for me
to discover<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Adieu dear Sister &
remember that under all circumstances</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">in life I am you
affectionate brother</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>R.N.Powers</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“Write to me at
Cincinnati Ohio<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>R.P.</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">[on opposite end of
paper]</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“[?] now I Supposed
you had this letter, I am now on my way to Washington City for a patent for my
Engine – you shall hear from me at that place – I am well – Darwin also – he is
still at the school, at his latin – My Engine Still appears prosperous<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>R.N.
Powers</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoHeader">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“Wheeling Va, April 15<sup>th</sup> 1824</i>”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn88" name="_ednref88" style="mso-endnote-id: edn88;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxxviii]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">An article in the 11 Jun 1825
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sandusky Clarion </i>creates a clearer
picture of Royal’s continuing predicaments: “Public Notice is hereby given, to
all whom it may concern, that on the application of the undersigned, a writ of
attachments has this day been issued from the office of Samuel Preston, Esq, a
justice of the peace in and for the township of Norwalk, in the county of Huron
and state of Ohio, against the goods, chattels, rights, credits, moneys and
effects of Royal N. Powers, an absent debtor.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>All persons interested, may govern themselves accordingly.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>O. PARISH, May 16<sup>th</sup>, 1825”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn89" name="_ednref89" style="mso-endnote-id: edn89;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxxix]</span></span></span></span></a> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Being at such insurmountable
distance from loved ones, and depending only on the mail to receive scant
information, it must have been nerve-racking to family he left behind, as
evidenced by this letter written by Royal’s sister Mary to their sister
Abigail.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It seems likely that much of
the information that Mary received was incorrect, but it is telling about the
family’s concern for their brother: “ – sister I feel very much alarmed about
Br Royal I saw Mr. Timothy Munger a few days since lately from Columbus Ohio he
told me he heard two gentlemen in a public house near Columbus conversing about
the recent death of Doct’ Powers who has served in the army that he had married
a second wife near that place a dutch woman of great wealth that he was a man
of great talents and not but represents him as rather dissipated for one of the
gentlemen said he had been his companion in many high doings – they could not
recollect his name but when Munger enquired if it was Royal they rather thought
it was – Mr. Munger is a very intelligent man I am sure he made no mistake –
but how Br Royal could return from Natchez to Columbus get married and our
brothers in New Haven not hear anything of it does not seem possible – I have
written to Br Lemuel on the subject and requested an immediate answer.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I cannot think it is our Br Royal –“<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn90" name="_ednref90" style="mso-endnote-id: edn90;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xc]</span></span></span></span></a> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A Sheriff’s sale notice in
the 23 December 1826 edition of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
Sandusky Clarion </i>mentions Royal and his brother David: “Sheriff’s
Sale.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>By virtue of a writ of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Fi. Fa. </i>to me directed and delivered,
issued from the court of Common Pleas, in and for the county of Huron, Ohio; I
have levied on lots No. 22 & 117, in the Town Plat of New-Haven, in said
county, which I shall expose for sale at the Court-House in Norwalk, in said
county, on the 27<sup>th</sup> day of January next, between the hours of 10
A.M. and 4 P.M. of that day.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Taken as
the property of Philip R. Hopkins, James Williams and David W. Hinman, at the
suit of David and R.N. Powers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dated Norwalk, Dec. 21<sup>st</sup>, 1826, </i>28-5<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>HARVEY G. MORSE, Sheriff.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn91" name="_ednref91" style="mso-endnote-id: edn91;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xci]</span></span></span></span></a> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Royal’s son, Erasmus Darwin
Powers, wrote this in regards to his father’s last days on earth: <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">“Father
after he came to the South became very corpulent weighing two hundred and fifty
pounds although not a large framed man, measuring only five feet two inches__ </span>in
his last illness he was reduced to a mere skeleton only weighing about one
hundred and thirty pounds and died of Leathergy__ at the time of his death
(abt. 1830) I was in the city of N. Orleans about six hund miles from him, and
the management of his affairs was in the hands of strangers who swindled me out
of every thing he possessed.”</i><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn92" name="_ednref92" style="mso-endnote-id: edn92;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xcii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This letter is intriguing as it paints a very
different physical and emotional picture of Royal.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His son states that he was 5’2” tall, while
the article announcing his expulsion from “masonic favors” states that he is
nearly 6 foot tall.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also, as a trained
physician, we would expect Erasmus’ medical terminology to be accurate for that
period of time, but lethargy seems an odd disease to die of, and by all
accounts, Royal never seemed lethargic prior to his death.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to an edition of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Johnson’s Dictionary</i> published in 1836,
Lethargy is described as “a morbid drowsiness”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn93" name="_ednref93" style="mso-endnote-id: edn93;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xciii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The American Heritage Medical Dictionary,</i> the modern medical
definition for lethargy is “A state of sluggishness, inactivity and apathy” and
“A state of unconsciousness resembling deep sleep.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn94" name="_ednref94" style="mso-endnote-id: edn94;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xciv]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was Royal depressed, or in a coma prior to
death?</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">We are uncertain exactly
where Royal died.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One source states that
he died in Natchez, Mississippi<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn95" name="_ednref95" style="mso-endnote-id: edn95;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xcv]</span></span></span></span></a>,
but using modern roads, the distance between Natchez and New Orleans is about
177 miles, and even with the older road system of the day, I don’t think the
distance would have stretched to 600 miles as stated in Erasmus Darwin Powers’
letter to his Aunt Abigail.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A letter
written by Royal’s brother Lemuel to Millard Fillmore on 5 November 1828,
states <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“My Brothers address is Washington
Mississippi (Jefferson County)”</i>.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn96" name="_ednref96" style="mso-endnote-id: edn96;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xcvi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The distance between Washington, MS and New
Orleans, LA is about 300 miles, using modern roads.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is interesting that Van Buren, Crawford County,
Arkansas, from which place Erasmus wrote the letter detailing his father’s
demise, is (using modern roads) 595 miles from New Orleans.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Did Royal die in Van Buren?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Could this explain why his son was living
there in 1841?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Yet another letter, pondering
the death of Royal, was written by his brother Lemuel to their sister Abigail
on 15 February 1831: </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">“</span><u>My dear Sister</u></i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>“I had yesterday the
perusal of your letter of January. 21<sup>st</sup> to Brother David which
conveys the information of the death of our Brother Royal from a different
source than which we have received it which about confirms us in the belief
that the news is too true – Early this winter Edson Harkness Esq of Mount
Vernon in this state received a letter from Doc<sup>t</sup> Woodruff of
Washington Mississippi in answer to his inquiries respecting the Residence of
our Brother Royal informing him that B<sup>r </sup>Royal had left that country
and <sup>gone</sup> to the Uper part of the state and that he had heard that he
died last spring that he new nothing of his circumstances or of Darwin, I have
also learned by one of my neighbors who was down to Natches last year that
Royal had left that Country 2 or 3 years ago – taking those reports and the
distance of the Country <s>from</s> where he resided from Nattchess or
Washington together with the silence of Darwin on so important a subject we
have hitherto entertained a hope that the report at Natchess of his death might
not be true, on my return from Columbus this Winter I called on my friend
Harkness who I found had the same doubts as myself – But if Gen. Hyndes lives
in the upper part of the state his information must be correct and no room is
left for hope – Esqr. Harkness has commenced a correspondence with Doct
Woodruff for the purpose of finding Darwins residence to induce him to return
to the Northern Country –“</i><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn97" name="_ednref97" style="mso-endnote-id: edn97;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xcvii]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Imagine not knowing when or where a beloved sibling had
died.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And why didn’t Darwin write to his
aunts and uncles to inform them of his father’s death?</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David’s brother, Lemuel M.
Powers, was born 10 Jul 1789, probably in Stillwater, NY.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn98" name="_ednref98" style="mso-endnote-id: edn98;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xcviii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He studied medicine with Dr. Annable of
Moravia, prior to becoming a physician by 6 August 1812 when he joined the
Cayuga County Medical Society.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He
practiced in Beardsley’s Corners, Cayuga County, New York from 1812 through
1815.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn99" name="_ednref99" style="mso-endnote-id: edn99;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xcix]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He married Jane Strong Bacon on 23 May 1813
(probably in Cayuga County).<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn100" name="_ednref100" style="mso-endnote-id: edn100;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[c]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 11 August 1813, Lemuel was one of fourteen
charter members of the Genoa Lodge No. 213, Free and Accepted Masons, formed in
Genoa, NY.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn101" name="_ednref101" style="mso-endnote-id: edn101;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ci]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1815 he was a surgeon’s mate in the 88<sup>th</sup>
Regiment Cayuga County, New York militia, serving under H. Bloom, Lieutenant
Colonel.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn102" name="_ednref102" style="mso-endnote-id: edn102;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cii]</span></span></span></span></a> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 4 March 1817, Lemuel
Powers, of Genoa, NY, purchased in-lot 31 in New Haven, OH from his brothers
David and Royal N. Powers for $75.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn103" name="_ednref103" style="mso-endnote-id: edn103;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ciii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Lemuel and his family likely moved between 12 December 1817 (when his brother
David wrote to his sister Abigail about moving to Ohio, and mentioned that she
could come out with Lemuel)<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn104" name="_ednref104" style="mso-endnote-id: edn104;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[civ]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>and 1819 when he was named the Worshipful
Master of New Haven Lodge No. 39.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn105" name="_ednref105" style="mso-endnote-id: edn105;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cv]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 3 Jun 1820, Lemuel witnessed a deed
between his brother Royal N. Powers of Delaware and John McDowell<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn106" name="_ednref106" style="mso-endnote-id: edn106;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cvi]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was Royal staying with Lemuel when he came to
town to sell this property?</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Lemuel was listed as head of
household in New Haven, OH according to the 1820 U.S. Federal Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In his household were one free white male
under 10 years of age, one free white male of 16 through 26, one free white
male of 26 through 45, two free white females under 10 years of age, one free
white female of 16 through 26, and one person engaged in agriculture.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn107" name="_ednref107" style="mso-endnote-id: edn107;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cvii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>From what we know of Lemuel’s family, the
free white male under ten years of age is likely his son Volney Powers, and the
two white females under 10 years of age are likely his daughters Louisa and
Julia Powers, Lemuel would have been the free white male of 26 through 45 and Jane
would have been the free white female of 16 through 26.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We are not sure who the free, white male of
16 through 26 is.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">An article in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Sandusky Clarion</i> on 26 Jun 1822
identified Lemuel as one of a committee formed in New Haven “for the purpose of
celebrating the 46<sup>th</sup> Anniversary of the American Independence.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn108" name="_ednref108" style="mso-endnote-id: edn108;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cviii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When the event was celebrated in New Haven,
Colonel Lemuel Powers was named Marshall of the Day.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn109" name="_ednref109" style="mso-endnote-id: edn109;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cix]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 13 August 1822, Lemuel Powers and his wife
Jane, of New Haven, deeded 80 acres of land on lots 113 and 114 in New Haven to
Horace Hough of New Haven for $400.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn110" name="_ednref110" style="mso-endnote-id: edn110;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cx]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 3 January 1823, Lemuel witnessed a deed in
which John Barney and his wife Betty, of Paris, Huron County, Ohio, sold land
on in-lot 31 in New Haven to William C. Enos of Paris, OH for $20.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn111" name="_ednref111" style="mso-endnote-id: edn111;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 28 February 1823, Lemuel Powers and wife Jane
S. of New Haven, sold in-lot 31 in the town plat of New Haven to Ebenezer T.
Beach for $20.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn112" name="_ednref112" style="mso-endnote-id: edn112;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxii]</span></span></span></span></a></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">An article listing letters remaining in the New Haven Post
Office as of 1 October 1823 appeared in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
Sandusky Clarion</i> on the 15<sup>th</sup> of that month.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This article identified unclaimed letters for
Henry Barney, Ithamar Coe and David and Lemuel Powers, amongst others.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn113" name="_ednref113" style="mso-endnote-id: edn113;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxiii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This type of primary source can be helpful in
learning a person’s location, but often leads to speculation regarding why they
had not picked up these letters.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In
Ithamar Coe’s case, it is likely that he was visiting New Haven as we know he
was living in Le Roy, NY at that time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>We also know that he had two brothers, Alvin and Luther Coe, who had been
living in New Haven at that time. Also, we speculate whether his daughter Mary Ann
was living with one of her uncles.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">We know that Henry Barney and David and Lemuel Powers were
also living in New Haven at the time these letters were noted as unclaimed at
the Post Office.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We wonder whether
Lemuel and David were out of town, perhaps visiting relatives, but have found
no evidence in family letters at SUNY Oswego’s Penfield Library.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Of course, it is likely that this collection
is incomplete, and for the most part, only contains one side of many ongoing
conversations, as the letters in the collection were by and largely written to
Abigail Powers (later Fillmore) and Millard Fillmore.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As letters in the Post Office are held three
months before published in a local paper with the highest circulation, it is
likely that these letters were received in the Post Office by July 1823.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While we have found evidence of David Powers
doing business in New Haven at that time, no evidence has been found for
Lemuel.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The next evidence we have found
of David is in February of 1824, while the next evidence we have found for
Lemuel is in January of 1824, but we know that most daily occurrences do not
produce paper trails, so it is likely that both Lemuel and David were in New
Haven sometime between when the letters were sent and early 1824.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 24 January 1824, Lemuel Powers and John Loveland of New
Haven, purchased land on lots 33 and 40 in New Haven, from Henry W. Carpender,
of New Haven, for $568.75.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn114" name="_ednref114" style="mso-endnote-id: edn114;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxiv]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 18 March 1824 an advertisement was run in
the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mansfield Gazette</i>, stating that
Luther Coe, Esq., of New Haven, OH was the owner and operator of Hascell’s
patent Grist Mill.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Lemuel Powers, with
Ebenezer Fisher and David Gunsaullis were listed as endorsers of the product.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn115" name="_ednref115" style="mso-endnote-id: edn115;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxv]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 25 November 1824, Lemuel Powers and his
wife Jane, of New Haven, sold four acres land on lots 33 and 40 in New Haven,
to Martin M. Kellogg, also of New Haven, for $200.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn116" name="_ednref116" style="mso-endnote-id: edn116;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxvi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A notice in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Sandusky Clarion</i>, on 14 March 1825, announced the sale of lands
owned, in part, by Lemuel Powers: “Public Notice.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There will be a sale at <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">au contino</i>, the 25<sup>th</sup> day of May next, on the IN-LOTS of
the new town of PARIS, laid out on the boundary line (or 41<sup>st</sup> degree
of north latitude) between Richland and Huron counties, in the townships of
Plymouth and New-Haven, where the state road from Loudonville, intersects with
the main road from Mansfield to the city of Sandusky; and also, where the state
road from Johnstown, intersects with the road leading from Delaware and Bucyrus,
to Norwalk.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The main travelling road
from Wooster to Lower Sandusky, intersects the above roads near this point. –
This town possesses many advantages superior to country towns in general: as it
is situated on an elevated spot of ground, commanding a prospect of the
surrounding country; containing many springs of good water, and is near the
main branch of Huron river which affords many valuable sites for machinery of
different kinds.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A Saw-mill, Grist-mill
Distillery, and Ashery, will be erected the present season.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The terms of sale will be made easy for the
purchasers. John Barney, Lemuel Powers, Abraham Trucks,
Proprietors.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Dated Paris, 19<sup>th</sup>
April 1825 3w48”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn117" name="_ednref117" style="mso-endnote-id: edn117;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxvii]</span></span></span></span></a> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In 2 April 1825, an interesting land swap occurred between
Paris proprietors Lemuel Powers and John Barney.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Lemuel Powers purchased “one certain lot of
land lying and being situated in the first section in said New Haven & is
known by being a part of Lot No. 161, bounded east on the partition line so
called south on United States land so called west by the County road which
passes through said Township North by land deeded to Henry Barney by Isaac
Mills be the same more or less” “for and in consideration of the sum of five
hundred dollars”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn118" name="_ednref118" style="mso-endnote-id: edn118;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxviii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That same day… “Lemuel Powers and Jane his wife
of the township of New Haven, Huron County Ohio for & in consideration of
the sum of five hundred dollars” deeded to John Barney of New Haven “one
certain lot or piece of ground bounded as follows To wit, South by lot No 157
in part and part on lot No. 125, east on the Huron River North by land deeded
by the said Powers to one Horace Hough west by the County road through said
Township which said land is situated in the first Section of said Township and
is known as part of lots number 114 and 113, supposed to contain forty acres be
the same more or less”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn119" name="_ednref119" style="mso-endnote-id: edn119;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxix]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Based on the above description, I believe
that both of these properties were within the bounds of the new township named
Paris, mentioned in the ad placed in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
Sandusky Clarion </i>the month prior to these sales.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">According to the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History
of Richland County</i> website “It seems a little strange that it took ten
years of time, and all these settlers and thus cluster of houses, to impress
upon the minds of some of the early settlers the necessity of laying out a
town: but such seems to be the case, for the village of Paris was not laid out
until the 17<sup>th</sup> day of May, 1825, at which time, as before stated,
there were sixteen log houses on its site, occupied by the following settlers:
Abraham Trux, Patrick Lynch, Benjamin Wooley, James Young, Enos Rose, Abner
Harkness, A.D.W. Bodley, Haslo, John and Henry Barney, Christian Culp, B.F.
Taylor, William C. Enos and Lemuel Powers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>These men were generally mechanics, and picked up what work came to the
place, by reason of the travel on its great thoroughfare, passing the remainder
of their time hunting, trapping and farming.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The town was laid out by Abraham Trux, Lemuel Powers and John Barney, on
a high, sandy rolling piece of ground, and consisted, at first, of forty-seven
in-lots, all of which were sold in less than two years, and additions made
which found a ready sale, and Plymouth promised to be a city.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn120" name="_ednref120" style="mso-endnote-id: edn120;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxx]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So, we now know that Paris, Ohio, which has
slipped off the current maps, is now Plymouth, Ohio, a mere 2.7 miles south
east of New Haven, Ohio, and still at a major intersection of Rte 61, 603 and
Highway 14.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The History of Richland County website further states: “The
first blacksmith was Patrick Lynch; the first lawyer, William C. Enos; the
first doctor, Lemuel Powers; the first tailor, Mr. C. Curtis; the first
shoemakers, John Skinner and W.V.B. Moore; the first tanner, Hugh Long; the
first bricklayer and plasterer, Robert Norfoot...; the first wheelwright, A.D.
W. Bodley; the first cooper, Anthony McLaughlin; the first cabinet-maker, James
Drennan; the first carpenters, William Crall, James Dickson and Mr. Gilcrease;
the first merchants, Wilson Brothers, Mathew McKelvey and G.G. Graham.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“Very soon after the town was laid out, Abraham Trux erected
a grist-mill before mentioned, and also a saw-mill near his house, on a branch
of the Huron River.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Two distilleries
were also erected, one by Lemuel Powers and the other by William McKelvey.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These distilleries purchased the corn, which
they made into whiskey, and therefore created a market for corn, about the only
article of produce the farmer could sell.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The whiskey was hauled to the lake – except what was consumed at home,
which was no small quantity – where it found a ready market.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“These distilleries were, however, soon discontinued; Mr.
McKelvey received an injury – which disabled him, and Dr. Powers having been
converted to the cause of temperance.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The latter turned his distillery into a hat factory, which was conducted
by him with success until his death, when it passed into the hands of his son,
Volney, who continued it several years.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn121" name="_ednref121" style="mso-endnote-id: edn121;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxxi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I wish we knew Lemuel’s reasons for joining
the temperance movement.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Were they
personal, or was he caught up in the fervor of the times?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His brother David also joined the temperance
movement.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I wonder if there was a
history of alcohol abuse in their family.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Lemuel Powers, with William York, Luther Coe, Rouse Bly,
John Barney, Henry Barney, Benjamin F. Taylor, William Gould, Mr. Gilbert and
Martin M. Kellogg were listed a residents of District 3, amongst others, in 1826,
according to W.W. Williams’ <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of
the Fire Lands</i>.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn122" name="_ednref122" style="mso-endnote-id: edn122;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxxii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was District 3 the Paris, OH
neighborhood?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 14 October 1826, Lemuel
and his wife Jane deeded just less than 47 acres of land on lot 114 in New
Haven to Jesse B. Frost of New Haven, for $200.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Witnesses to this deed were Caleb and Maria Palmer.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn123" name="_ednref123" style="mso-endnote-id: edn123;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One month later, on 14 November 1826, Lemuel
purchased “a certain tract or parcel of land situate & being in the First
Section of New Haven Township being a part of Lot No. [number left out of
deed]” from John Beach of Greenfield, Huron County, Ohio for $22.50.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn124" name="_ednref124" style="mso-endnote-id: edn124;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxxiv]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 23 January 1827, Lemuel Powers
(singularly), of New Haven, sold to Matthew McKelvey of Paris Township, “all of
lots Nos. forty four and forty six in the Village of Paris aforesaid reserving
unto himself the said party of the first part the privilege of laying Pump Logs
across the East end of said Lot forty four also to enter thereon at any time to
repair the same for the purpose of conducting the water from the Publick Spring
to his Distillery now standing and adjoining said Village of Paris” for $100.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn125" name="_ednref125" style="mso-endnote-id: edn125;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxxv]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We do not know why Lemuel’s wife Jane is
omitted as seller from this deed, as we know she was alive and still married to
Lemuel.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This may have been an unintended
omission on the part of the clerk who entered the deed into the County Deed
books.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This omission is repeated in the
next deed recorded in the Huron County, Ohio Deed books.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This deed was dated 1 April 1827 and is
between “Lemuel Powers of the Village of Paris New Haven Township Huron County
Ohio of the first part and Willis Merriman of the Village Township County and
State aforesaid of the second part... in consideration of the sum of twenty
dollars... the said party of the first part...doth grant bargain sell alien
release, convey and confirm unto the said party of the second part his heirs
and assigns all of Lot number forty two in the Village of Paris...”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn126" name="_ednref126" style="mso-endnote-id: edn126;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxxvi]</span></span></span></span></a> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 2 Jun 1827, The <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Norwalk
Reporter & Huron Advertiser</i> ran the following notice: “The following is
a list of the regularly licensed practicing physicians and surgeons in the 14<sup>th</sup>
District Ohio.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>LORAIN COUNTY.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>N. H. Manter, A. Wolcott, J. F. Butler, M.
Chapman; J. Bradley.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>HURON COUNTY.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Geo. G. Baker, Daniel Tilden, M.C. Sandrs,
Geo. Anderson, Lyman Fay, Wm. F. Kittredge, Wm. W. Hugent,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A. B. Harris; H. M. Clark, Joseph Pearce,
Andrew McMillan, Richard P. Christophers, Samuel Stephens, Charles Smith,
Samuel B. Carpenter, W. Merriman, Lemuel Powers, A.H. Brown.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn127" name="_ednref127" style="mso-endnote-id: edn127;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxxvii]</span></span></span></span></a> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 4 August 1827, “Lemuel Powers and Jane S. his wife of the
County of Huron and State of Ohio” deeded “all the following tract or parcel of
land with the appurtenances situate in the Village of Paris Township of New
Haven County of Huron and State aforesaid the same being in Lot No. forty one
as numbered on the Platt of said Town of Paris” to Bethuel Clark of Richland
County, Ohio for $20.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn128" name="_ednref128" style="mso-endnote-id: edn128;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxxviii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Two and a half months later, on 26 October
1827, Lemuel Powers (singularly), of the Village of Paris, sold “all of Lot No.
thirty seven in the Village of Paris Township” to Matthew McKelvey of Paris for
$30.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn129" name="_ednref129" style="mso-endnote-id: edn129;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxxix]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Less than two months later, on 13 December
1827, Lemuel purchased of Matthew McKelvey, in-lot 39 in Paris, for $11.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn130" name="_ednref130" style="mso-endnote-id: edn130;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxxx]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That same day, “Lemuel Powers and Jane S. his
wife of Paris” deeded to William Gould of Paris in-lots 25 and 36 in Paris for
$20.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn131" name="_ednref131" style="mso-endnote-id: edn131;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxxxi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Thus ends the flurry of land deals for the
next eight months.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 21 August 1828 Lemuel and his wife Jane “of Richland
County” deeded to George G. Graham “a certain tract or parcel of land situate
in the Town of Paris in said County that is a piece off of Lot No. forty three
in said Town of Paris” for $20.00.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn132" name="_ednref132" style="mso-endnote-id: edn132;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxxxii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That same day, Lemuel and his wife Jane “of
Huron County in the State of Ohio” deeded to Hosea Harriden “Lot No. forty
three in said Town of Paris except a part sold to George G. Graham off of the
north westerly side of said Lot” for $7<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn133" name="_ednref133" style="mso-endnote-id: edn133;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Both deeds were recorded in the Huron County
Ohio Deed Book 5, at the Huron County Clerk’s Office in Norwalk.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 5 November 1828, Lemuel Powers of Paris wrote the
following letter to his brother-in-law Millard Fillmore, of “Willinek Post
office, Erie County, New York”: </span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“Dear Sir</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“There are many reasons why I have
not written to you before first I had sent the deed to Mansfield to be recorded
and could not get it again without going myself and I did not wish to make a
journey on purpose then when I got the deed I found I had mislaid your Letter
and again I have been very busy in my Employment (although it has not been
sickly but very healthy here this season)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>I have also been engaged in procuring<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>petitioners, affidavits, and other dockements necessary to present to
the Legislature for the setting off a new County which we some expect to obtain
this winter.</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“I
have however this evening stole a few moments of time to write to you, we felt
very much pleased to receive your Letter and hear that you are all arrived home
safe, we have had our health since you was here very well – We </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;">have</span>
had the warmest Election this fall that ever has been since I have lived in the
State our County gives about 600 majority for Adams</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">and Richland County
about 500 for Jackson it remains as yet doubtfull whether this State will be
for the administration or Jackson so far as we have seen <s>had</s> the returns
</i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;">which
is</span> from 28 counties the administration Governor is 250 a head, we still
hope that we shall gain the victory - - - - Inclosed I send you the deed from
L[illegible] to Walelu [sp] Which you will see has been recovered.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>My Brothers address is Washington Mississippi
(Jefferson County-) –</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">P.S. remember me to<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>I am Dear Sir</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">[cut off]<span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>[cut
off] Lemuel Powers”</i><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn134" name="_ednref134" style="mso-endnote-id: edn134;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxxxiv]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">As Richland County, of which Paris became a part, was formed
in 1808; Erie County was created from Huron County in 1838. We’re not certain
what county Lemuel was trying to form in Ohio in 1838.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">11 December 1829, Lemuel Powers and his wife Jane “of the
Town of Paris County of Huron and State of Ohio” deeded to William Cadwell “of
the same place” a “certain piece or parcel of land situated in the first
section of New Haven Township and being a part of Lot No. one hundred and sixty
one hundred as follows = adjoining at the centre of the highway North of the
Village of Paris at the corner of said Powers farm thence running East sixteen
Rods to a stake on the line between said farm and lands owned by Henry Barney
thence Southerly on a parallel line with the high way ten Rods to a stake
thence West sixteen Rods to the centre of the highway thence North ten rods to
the place of beginning”, for $30.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn135" name="_ednref135" style="mso-endnote-id: edn135;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxxxv]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That same day, Lemuel and his wife Jane, of
Paris, OH, deeded to Hugh Long “of the same place” “a certain piece or parcel
of land situate and being in the Town Plat of Paris aforesaid in said Huron
County and known and distinguished as Inlot number forty five in said Plat” for
$30.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn136" name="_ednref136" style="mso-endnote-id: edn136;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxxxvi]</span></span></span></span></a> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Lemuel was listed as head of household in New Haven, OH in
the 1830 U.S. Federal Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In his
household were ten persons: one free white male under 5 years of age, one free
white male of 5 through 10, one free white male of 15 through 20, one free
white male of 40 through 50, one free white female under 5 years of age, two
free white females of 5 through 10, two free white females of 10 through 15 and
one free white female of 30 through 40.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Rouse Bly and Henry Barney were listed on the same census page.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn137" name="_ednref137" style="mso-endnote-id: edn137;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxxxvii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Based on the ages of Lemuel, his wife Jane
and their children, all people in this household appear to be accounted
for.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That same year, Lemuel was
charged a tax or license as a physician,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn138" name="_ednref138" style="mso-endnote-id: edn138;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxxxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
and was also taxed $1.10 on 45 acres of land on the north part of Lot 114 in
New Haven with a house valued at $93 and $3.43 on 16 acres on the north east
corner of Lot 160 in New Haven with a building valued at $289, and $2.92 for
personal property including two horses valued at $80, two neat cattle valued at
$16 and “Merchants and Brokers Capital” valued at $150.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Lemuel also became involved in local and state
politics.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>An article published in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Huron Reflector</i> on 25 September 1832
states: “At a meeting of National Republicans, held at the house of Wm. D.
Mann, in New Haven, on the 18<sup>th</sup> inst. – EBENEZER FRISBY was called
to the Chair, and LEMUEL POWERS appointed Secretary.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The object of the meeting was explained by
Caleb Palmer, Esq, and after some time spent in deliberation it was Resolved,
That we will support the Hon. JABEZ WRIGHT, at the ensuing election for
Representative in the State Legislature.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>RESOLVED, That the proceedings of this meeting be signed by the Chairman
and Secretary, and published in the Huron Reflector.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>EBENEZER FRISBY, Chairman<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>LEMUEL POWERS, Secretary.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn139" name="_ednref139" style="mso-endnote-id: edn139;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxxxix]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We have learned, in our research, that
newspapers were often very political, and knowing the party affiliation of a
newspaper can help determine the beliefs of those reading and advertising in
that paper, and helps to understand the bias that may be evident in articles in
that paper.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It would seem that the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Huron Reflector </i>was a Republican paper.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 25 August 1834, Lemuel and his wife Jane of Paris, OH,
deeded to Joseph Light of Paris, “a part of Lot Number 10 in the first section
of Newhaven Township, bounded as follows: commencing at a post immediately four
rods due east of the southeast corner of lot No. forty six in the Village of
Paris aforesaid on the public highway; thence north parallel with the line of
lots in the Platt of said Village thirteen rods to a post thence east four rods
to a post; thence south [thirteen?] rods to a post on the aforesaid highway;
thence west four rods to the place of beginning; together with the use of the
water which is carried in aqueducts from the public spring with exception of a
sufficient quantity to be used in the Hatting establishment adjoining the
premises on the west: the quantity which would run through a goblet hole is
deemed sufficient, and in case said aqueduct require repairing, to be done by
the owners of the aforesaid premises, and the owners of the aforesaid Hatting
establishment jointly” for $130.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Cut down in the prime of his life, Lemuel Powers died at the
age of 45 on 30 March 1835 in Paris, OH of inflammation of the lungs (most
likely pneumonia).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His obituary was
printed in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Huron Weekly Reflector</i>,
on 7 April 1835, and read: “DIED, In Paris, Huron county, on the 30<sup>th</sup>
of March last, of inflammation of the lungs, Doctor Lemuel Powers, aged 46
years, who, at the time of his death, was President of the Franklin Lyceum of Paris.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Whereas, it has pleased the all-wise creator,
in the dispensation of his providence, to call from among us our much respected
president, Doct. Lemuel Powers, Therefore, be it Resolved, That this society
deeply [regret] the loss of its much esteemed [President] and Friend....”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn140" name="_ednref140" style="mso-endnote-id: edn140;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxl]</span></span></span></span></a> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In a letter written on 5 May 1835 to Abigail (Powers)
Fillmore by her niece, Louisa Powers, the daughter of Lemuel, Louisa gives a
description of the tragic event:</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“Affectionate Aunt</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>We recvd. your kind and [consoling]
letter of the 12<sup>th</sup> And I now comply with your request and sit down
to write you the particulars of my dear Father’s death and of the present
situation of our afflicted family. I should have written before but I could not
compose my mind enough to write upon the subject it is a painful one and yet it
is pleasing to think of the last words of that kind and best of parents. He was
taken sick about 12 oclock on wednesday, 25 March and was sick but 5 days and
two hours he was partially [deranged] until Sunday about 6 oclock p.m. when he
began to grow worse. He was sensible from the first that he should not recover
but he said that probably he should live about 10 days and perhaps not so long.
Sabbath evening about 12 oclock he called his to the bed and talked to each one
separately.</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">O never shall I forget
that time when I heard him talk as it were for the last time. He call[ed] every
one to him and exhorted and advised them as long as he could talk. He told the
Doct. (who was a deist in principle) that he would not exchange places with him
then for worlds if he did not believe in the religion of Jesus, and to a friend
that stood by him he said “write to Doct. Hissam at Buffalo and tell him I have
gone to glory, and tell him to tell my brother and sister to meet me there” Oh
dear Aunt I wish you could have been there to have heard him talk. He did not
forget his mother in his dying moments but mentioned her and wished that she
might be taken care of in her old age. He asked the Doct. how long he thought
he should live, and on being told probably until morning he said “O I wish I
might go before, I am willing to die and ready to go before my God is ready to
take me” and on feeling a little <s>better </s>more comfortable in the morning
he said “Ma, I wish you would wash me and put on a clean shirt for perhaps I
shall live all day, he said one of the neighbours came in who had lost his wife
about three years ago he said<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mr. Light
I am going to die and<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>shall soon see
your wife who is an angel in heaven. In a short time he called for some one to
pray, and in a few minutes he said farewell and breathed his last without a
struggle or a groan to the surprise of his friends and physician who thought
that he would choke to death with the phlegm in his stomach. I have but little
to write about the family except that we are all well and that I commenced a
school</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">in <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Auburn Township about 7 miles from home on the
4<sup>th</sup> <u>ult.</u> we received a letter from Aunt Mary the 27<sup>th</sup>.
apr. dated 13 apr. she did not then know of Pa’s death she said she thought she
should be here by the last of June and that you and uncle would both come with
her we all are very anxious that you would come, do come aunt bring both the
children with you and spend the summer with us I want to see them verry much
ask Powers if he has forgotten his cousin Louisa.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mother is very lonely and feels as if she <s>had
</s>was left without a friend, she is ve[ry] anxious indeed that you should
come and spend somet[ime] with us she expects her brother George out in the
fall uncle Davids family is well at present Chester has been at home all winter
but has had very poor health indeed but it is much better now Abigail is still
in Delaware Co. but will return soon.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Please to write aunt and let us know whether you will come and when</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>and believe
me</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>Your
affectionate</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 5;"> </span>niece</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Abigail Fillmore.<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Louisa <u>Powers</u>”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn141" name="_ednref141" style="mso-endnote-id: edn141;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxli]</span></b></span></span></span></a></i></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In her letter, Louisa Powers mentions an expected visit to
Ohio by her Aunt Mary Powers and Aunt and Uncle Abigail (Powers) and Millard
Fillmore, at the end of June, 1835.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She
also mentions that her mother’s brother, George Bacon, planned to “come out”
that fall.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She also states that Abigail
was in Delaware County, but would soon return home.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While Louisa had a sister Abigail, she would
have been only about 13 years old when this letter was written, so we wonder
whether the Abigail she referred to was her cousin, the daughter of her Uncle David
Powers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This Abigail would have been 19
years old and may have had a teaching position.<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">While the value of Lemuel’s estate was great, the debts due to his
estate were even greater.</span> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Lemuel’s widow Jane married Cyrus S. Carpenter, a Methodist
circuit rider, on 23 February 1836.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His
name appears in Lemuel Powers estate papers, conveying a relationship between
them (Cyrus owed Lemuel $6.46, possibly for medical or pharmacological
costs).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Jane and Cyrus had a daughter,
Eliza Carpenter, born 15 February 1837 in OH, who died 13 September 1909 in
Plymouth, Richland County, Ohio.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn142" name="_ednref142" style="mso-endnote-id: edn142;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxlii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It does not appear that Jane and Cyrus
remained married for long, or rather, that they lived together long, as Jane
went back to using the Powers surname by 30 October 1850, when she appears as
head of household in New Haven, OH, according to the U.S. Federal Census.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn143" name="_ednref143" style="mso-endnote-id: edn143;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxliii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Living in her household at time were her
daughters Jane, Mary and Eliza.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While we
have found neither divorce record nor marriage record, this does not mean that neither
took place. It is apparent from some of the letters written to Abigail Powers
Fillmore by her nieces (and daughters of Lemuel and Jane), that the girls did
not well approve of their mother’s marriage to Cyrus Carpenter.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A few scraps of information regarding Cyrus
have been found, one interesting sketch was written by a fellow Methodist
Circuit Rider, Elnathan Corrington Gavitt, in his book <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Crumbs From My Saddle Bags: or Reminiscences of Pioneer Life and
Biographical Sketches, </i>published in 1884.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Elnathan writes, on page 108, “In 1830 I was assigned to the Black River
Circuit in company with Cyrus S. Carpenter, and excellent Christian brother of
ordinary ministerial ability.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was
favored with a superior educated companion and a very kind and sweet
dispositioned lady.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“She was a valuable accession to the charge, and contributed
largely to the usefulness of her husband.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>My colleague’s salary was small, and this but poorly paid.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>To avoid expense he spent much of his time
upon the work.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Being the owner of a
small wagon and a horse, he would put his cat and dog on board, and then his
trunk, wife and child, and tying his cow behind the vehicle with a long rope,
so as to follow, and start out for a month’s campaign among the saints.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Some were much pleased to see the caravan,
and made the brother and his family welcome; a few others, being fastidious and
more penurious, were somewhat displeased, and wondered why he did not have his
sow and pigs along with him.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However,
this class of persons were among those who were forever grumbling that the
preachers did not visit enough, and from whom it was hard work to collect
quarterage.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In after life I found a few
of this class of persons, who would ask me if my horse was too warm to eat
straw, as hay was worth ten dollars a ton.”</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“By this kind of pastoral work the people were well supplied
with visiting and was a grand arrangement for me, as the relief from pastoral
work gave me time for my Conference studies.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The examination at Conference was, in some respects, more precise than
at the present day.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“Brother Carpenter’s second marriage was somewhat
unpleasant, and soon after he became despondent and asked for a location.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the years prior to his death he settled
upon a small tract of land in Wood County, Ohio, living much of the time
solitary and alone until his demise.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He
was buried by the members of the Church in the cemetery near the Lacarp Church,
Ottawa county, Ohio.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Some ten years
after, attending a Quarterly Meeting in this section, and learning of his
death, I visited his lonely resting place and found the grave covered with
thorns and thistles.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Meditating upon the
past, my heart was made sad; I knelt and asked God to be a father to the
fatherless, and remember in mercy the two orphan children, bereaved of parents,
alone among strangers and without means, embarrassed by misfortunes, and the
poverty connected with the early itineracy of their pious and devoted Christian
parents.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn144" name="_ednref144" style="mso-endnote-id: edn144;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxliv]</span></span></span></span></a> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">According to the book <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Cemetery
Inscriptions of Ottawa County, Ohio</i>, Cyrus Carpenter, born 14 April 1798,
died 11 November 1868.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was buried in
La Carpe Cemetery, next to Caroline Carpenter, born 5 September 1817 who died
10 Jun 1892.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn145" name="_ednref145" style="mso-endnote-id: edn145;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxlv]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to the “Ohio County Marriages,
1790-1950” database on FamilySearch.org, Cyrus S. Carpenter married Caroline
Williams 3 February 1856 in Ottawa County, OH.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn146" name="_ednref146" style="mso-endnote-id: edn146;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxlvi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The 1860 U.S. Federal Census of Erie, Ottawa
County, Ohio, lists household 544, Family 544, as Cyrus S. Carpenter, 52 years
old, male, Farmer, Value of Real Estate $2,000, Value of Personal Estate $400,
born Connecticut, living with Caroline Carpenter, 40 years old, female, born in
Ohio.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn147" name="_ednref147" style="mso-endnote-id: edn147;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxlvii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Another marriage record from the Ohio, County
Marriages, 1790-1950 database shows a marriage between Cyrus S. Carpenter and
Alvira Hunter on 13 March 1850 in Wyandot County, Ohio.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was this the same Cyrus?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I compared what I believe were the signatures
of each Cyrus S. Carpenter from the digitized copies of the record, and found
similarities in each, especially the comma placed after the middle initial S.,
but I don’t know for sure that either of these were the actual signature of the
groom.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The U.S. Census of 1850 taken in Marseilles, Wyandot County,
Ohio, lists Sirus S. Carpenter, 53 years old, born in Vermont as head of
household.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His occupation is that of a
cooper.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the household are the
following persons: Elvira Carpenter, 42 years old, female, born in Vermont;
Harriet Elvira Carpenter, 18 years old, female, born in Ohio; Henrietta
Carpenter, 12 years old, female, born in Ohio; Henry Carpenter, 10 years old,
male, born in Ohio; Frances Carpenter, 8 years old, female, born in Ohio, and
Reece Carpenter, 6 years old, male, born in Ohio<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn148" name="_ednref148" style="mso-endnote-id: edn148;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxlviii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As Cyrus and Elvira married in 1850, it is
unlikely that any of these children in the household were the offspring of this
couple.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is more likely that they were
the children of one or the other of the couple.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The 1860 and 1870 U.S. Census records give further
information about some of this family.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>In 1860, Alvira Hunter was living in Marseilles, OH with Henry Hunter,
19 years old, male, born in Ohio; and Reese Hunter, 15 years old, male, born in
Ohio<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn149" name="_ednref149" style="mso-endnote-id: edn149;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxlix]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1870, Elvira Hunter is living in
Marseilles, OH with Henrietta Hunter, 32 years old, female, born in Ohio; and
Henry Hunter, 29 years old, male, born in Ohio<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn150" name="_ednref150" style="mso-endnote-id: edn150;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cl]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">An obituary for Reese Hunter confirmed my hunch regarding
his parentage.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The obituary was printed
in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Star</i>, in Marion, Ohio on
Friday, May 29, 1831 states: Mr. Hunter was born March 13, 1844, near
Lancaster, and was the son of Jesse D. Hunter, a native of Lancaster and Elvira
Hunt Hunter, native of Wyandot county.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn151" name="_ednref151" style="mso-endnote-id: edn151;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cli]</span></span></span></span></a> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Cyrus Carpenter was listed as head of household in the 1860
U.S. Federal Census in Erie, Ottawa County, Ohio.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was identified as 50 years of age, male,
born in Connecticut, occupied as a farmer.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>He was living with Caroline Carpenter, 40 years old, female, born in
Ohio.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn152" name="_ednref152" style="mso-endnote-id: edn152;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cyrus died 11 November 1868 and was buried in
the La Carpe Cemetery in Port Clinton, OH.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>It does not appear that Cyrus continued his career as a Methodist
circuit rider after his marriage to Jane (Bacon) Powers, but he does appear to
have remained in the church, as the La Carpe Cemetery was associated with the
Trinity Methodist Church of Port Clinton.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>His widow Caroline (Williams) Carpenter does not seem to have remarried,
and is found in the 1870<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn153" name="_ednref153" style="mso-endnote-id: edn153;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cliii]</span></span></span></span></a> and
1880<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn154" name="_ednref154" style="mso-endnote-id: edn154;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cliv]</span></span></span></span></a> U.S.
Federal Censuses living near or with her sister Dimius (or Dimmit) DePew, who
was widowed by 1870.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Caroline died 10
Jun 1892 and was buried next to her husband Cyrus, in the La Carpe Cemetery<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn155" name="_ednref155" style="mso-endnote-id: edn155;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clv]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is interesting that at the time of Cyrus’
death, he had three wives living, the second and third (Jane and Elvira), who
had gone back to using their first husbands’ surnames, and the fourth, while
buried in the same cemetery with her husband, may not have been living with him
at the time of his death, according to Elnathan Gavitt.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Had Cyrus previously divorced his second and
third wives, or had he just left town and started life over each time his
marital circumstances became uncomfortable?</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Jane Strong (Bacon) Powers Carpenter died at the age of 84
on 19 January 1880.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn156" name="_ednref156" style="mso-endnote-id: edn156;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clvi]</span></span></span></a></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She was buried in a family plot in the New
Haven Cemetery next to her husband, Dr. Lemuel Powers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also buried in the plot were their children
Abigail Ann, Julia, Rolla, Louisa and Mary.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn157" name="_ednref157" style="mso-endnote-id: edn157;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clvii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Jane’s will, written 5 August 1870, and
codicil dated 6 August 1870 provided for the lifetime care of her daughter
Eliza Carpenter, should she remain unmarried, a gravestone for herself and her
husband, and included bequeaths to her many grandchildren and great
grandchildren.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Her estate was quite
extensive and was valued at over $7,500.00.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Properties owned by the estate included land in Lansing, Michigan.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn158" name="_ednref158" style="mso-endnote-id: edn158;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clviii]</span></span></span></span></a> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David worked as a school teacher in Sempronius, Cayuga
County, New York about 1805<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn159" name="_ednref159" style="mso-endnote-id: edn159;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clix]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He married Polly Wilcox 28 February 1808<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn160" name="_ednref160" style="mso-endnote-id: edn160;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clx]</span></span></span></span></a>,
probably in Cayuga County, NY, where he had been living prior to marriage.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was listed as head of household in 1800
the U.S. Federal Census of Brutus, Cayuga County, New York<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn161" name="_ednref161" style="mso-endnote-id: edn161;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxi]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In his household were one free white male of
16 through 25, 1 free white male of 26 through 44 and one free white female of
16 through 25.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>David would have been the
older male, and Polly, who was born 28 February 1789<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn162" name="_ednref162" style="mso-endnote-id: edn162;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxii]</span></span></span></span></a>
would have been the one female in the household.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>David’s widowed mother, Abigail Powers was
enumerated on the same page as David<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn163" name="_ednref163" style="mso-endnote-id: edn163;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We do not know who the free white male of 16
through 25 who was living in David’s household was.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David and Polly had nine children, the eldest, being a
daughter born 28 April 1810 who probably died in infancy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Chester Powers was born 30 August 1811;
Marcia was born 24 May 1814; Abigail was born 1 December 1816; Charles W. was
born 30 April 1820 in New Haven, OH; Edson H. was born 5 April 1822 in Ohio
(probably New Haven); Edson had a twin who died in infancy; Phoebe Powers was
born 25 October 1824 and a male child was born 9 May 1830 but probably died in
infancy<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn164" name="_ednref164" style="mso-endnote-id: edn164;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">About 1814 David and his brother Dr. Royal Newland Powers
were early settlers of New Haven, Ohio, with Josiah Curtiss, Reuben Skinner,
James McIntyre, Samuel B. Carpenter, John Barney, Samuel Knapp, Martin Kellogg,
Henry Barney, Chism May, Calvin Hutchinson, George Beymer, William Clark, Jacob
Speeker, Rouse Bly, Joseph Dana, John Alberson, George Shirel, Matthew Bevard,
William York, Prince Haskell, Stephen Stilwell, and others<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn165" name="_ednref165" style="mso-endnote-id: edn165;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxv]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>David Powers located upon lots 67 and 68 in
section 3 (by 1879 known as the Jesse Snyder Farm)<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn166" name="_ednref166" style="mso-endnote-id: edn166;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxvi]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Another source elaborates: “New Haven Township was so named
since nearly all the early settlers were from New Haven, Connecticut, and one of
the principal land owners, who inherited or purchased a large portion of the
land in the township from the original grantees, also lived in New Haven
Connecticut.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">According to A.G. Stewart, Esq., “Royal N. Powers was also
the first merchant, or regular trader, who brought goods into the township and
kept them for sale...But to supply the more immediate wants of the settlers, we
find that David Powers, Royal N. Powers and Martin M. Kellogg had established a
Banking Institution, and notes or tickets from 25 cents upwards; after a time
this money became in disrepute, and when George Beyner came into this country,
in 1815, he had some of this money, and on trying to pass it<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>at a place where he had stayed all night, he
found that it was below par; afterwards Royal N. Powers redeemed these bills in
goods...”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn167" name="_ednref167" style="mso-endnote-id: edn167;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxvii]</span></span></span></span></a> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David and his brother Royal laid out the village of New
Haven, OH on 8 April 1815<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn168" name="_ednref168" style="mso-endnote-id: edn168;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That year David was taxed $1.10 for real
property in Wheatsborough (later known as New Haven), OH<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn169" name="_ednref169" style="mso-endnote-id: edn169;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxix]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>David and Royal’s brother, Dr. Lemuel M.
Powers, came to New Haven by 4 March 1817 when he bought land from his brothers
on lot 31.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>At the time that the deed was
written, Lemuel was living in Genoa, Cayuga County, New York<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn170" name="_ednref170" style="mso-endnote-id: edn170;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxx]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 20 December 1815, David and Royal purchased lot 77 from
Elisha and his wife Catherine Mills and Isaac and his wife Abigail Mills of New
Haven, CT for $275<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn171" name="_ednref171" style="mso-endnote-id: edn171;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxxi]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That same day they purchased lot 79 and part
of lot 80 from Joseph and Aurilia Darling and Isaac and Abigail Mills of New
Haven, CT for $445<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn172" name="_ednref172" style="mso-endnote-id: edn172;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxxii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 23 January 1816 David and Royal N. Powers
were licensed (and taxed) as merchants and traders in Huron County, OH<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn173" name="_ednref173" style="mso-endnote-id: edn173;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 20 April 1816, David and Royal N. Powers held a $2,000
mortgage deed on lot 79 in New Haven for Samuel and Clarissa Carpender and
William and Honour Clark of New Haven.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>They assigned this mortgage to Bilded Adams and Ebenezer Merry on 13 Jun
1816.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn174" name="_ednref174" style="mso-endnote-id: edn174;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxxiv]</span></span></span></a></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David’s wife Polly would move with her children to New Haven
by 12 August 1816, when she, David, Royal N and Frances Powers sold lot 36 of
New haven to George B. Gardner for fifty dollars<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn175" name="_ednref175" style="mso-endnote-id: edn175;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxxv]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 5 October 1816 when she, her husband, and
brother-in-law Royal N. Powers and his wife Frances L deeded lots 33 and 34 in
New Haven to Abner Harkness of Athens, Bradford County, Pennsylvania for $100<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn176" name="_ednref176" style="mso-endnote-id: edn176;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxxvi]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 17 October 1816 David and Royal received a
quit claim on lands mortgaged to Samuel B. and Clarissa Carpender and William
and Honor Clark on 20 April 1815, from Ebenezer Merry and Bildad Adams<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn177" name="_ednref177" style="mso-endnote-id: edn177;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 11 December 1816, David and Royal N.
Powers purchased lots 79 and 80 in New Haven, OH from Samuel and Clarissa
Carpender for $350<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn178" name="_ednref178" style="mso-endnote-id: edn178;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxxviii]</span></span></span></span></a> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 15 January 1817, David, his wife Polly, and Royal N. and
his wife Frances Powers sold lots 79 and 80 to Oliver and Ebenezer Granger of
Zanesville, Muskingum County, Ohio for $1,000<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn179" name="_ednref179" style="mso-endnote-id: edn179;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxxix]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>David, his wife Polly, Royal and Frances
Powers sold lots 37, 40, 43, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, and 81 to
Thomas Ross of Walnut, Fairfield, Ohio for $600 on 4 March 1817<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn180" name="_ednref180" style="mso-endnote-id: edn180;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxxx]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>David and brother Royal Newland Powers were
listed together as proprietors in the 1817 New Haven, Ohio, tax records.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They were taxed $3.56 on property on two lots<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn181" name="_ednref181" style="mso-endnote-id: edn181;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxxxi]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David and Royal seemed to be balancing on a financial
tightrope, while they are purchasing and selling property at an almost alarming
rate, we also see that their banking venture did not end well, and we wonder
what kind of capital they really had, or whether they were “robbing Peter to
pay Paul”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Evidence that they were not
as solvent as may be thought can be found in a deed dated 20 October 1817 in
the Huron County Deed books that reads:</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">“To all
people to whom these presents shall come, Greeting:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>WHEREAS at a Court of Common Pleas began and
holden at Huron within and for the county of Huron and state of Ohio, on the
third Tuesday of October in the year one thousand eight hundred and seventeen,
Giles Sanford of Erie in the County of Erie and State of Pennsylvania, William
Lattamore of Paynesville, County of Geauga and State of Ohio and Co., recovered
judgment by adjudication of said Court against <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">David Powers and Royal N. Powers</span> for the sum of one hundred and
eight dollars damages and sixteen dollars and thirty-eight cents cost of suit
as appears by the proofs, proceedings and records of said Court, and whereas on
the fifteenth day of January following in the year one thousand eight hundred
and eighteen a writ of fieri facias was issued by the Clerk of said Court under
the seal of said Court, directed to the Sheriff of said County of Huron dated
the day and year last aforesaid, signed by David Abbot as Clerk of said court,
whereby and by virtue of which said writ the said Sheriff was directed,
required and commanded that of the goods and chattels of the said D. and R.N.
he should cause to be levied and made by distress and sale thereof, the said
several sums of one hundred and eight dollars damages and sixteen – and
thirty-eight cents costs of suit together with his own fees for collection and
for want of sufficient goods and chattels whereon to levy and make the same of
the lands, tenements and real estate of the said D. and R.N. Powers, which said
writ was delivered to me on the fifteenth day of January last aforesaid and
whereas I, Lyman Farewell, Sheriff of said County of Huron on the fifteenth day
of January last aforesaid, after having made diligent search and finding no
goods or chattels whereon to levy and make said several sums mentioned in said
writ, levied said writ upon Lots Number fifty, fifty-one, fifty-two, fifty-nine,
sixty, fifty-seven, fifty-eight and one hundred and fifteen, In-lots in the
Village of New Haven, together with all the buildings and improvements thereon
(and for a more particular description of said Lots reference may be had to the
Records of said County of Huron) as the property of the said D. and R.N. Powers,
and whereas on the fifteenth day of January last aforesaid I caused the
aforesaid Lots with all buildings and improvements to be appraised by the oaths
of Oliver Granger, Martin M. Kellog, Zena Cary, John Meyers and Stephen D.
Palmer, free holders and residents of the said County of Huron as stated to me
by the defendants and the appraisers themselves, they having been duly sworn as
the law directs by David Abbott Esquire a Justice of the Peace in and for the
said County – Huron and after having examined all of the before mentioned Lots
with their buildings and improvements estimated Lots No. fifty-nine, and sixty
with one lot house thereon at seventy-five dollars and Lots No. fifty-seven and
fifty-eight at thirty-two dollars and Lot No. one hundred and fifteen at forty
dollars and made return thereof under their hands and seals as the law directs
on the day last aforesaid mentioned and whereas on the sixteenth day of
February of the same year last aforesaid, previous notice having been given by
proclamation posted up in five public places in the said County of Huron
aforesaid, two of which were posted in the township where the lots were lying,
of the time and place where said Lots would be offered for sale, more than
thirty days previous to the day of sale and offered said lots for sale at the
dwelling house of David Abbot Esquire on the sixteenth day of February of same
year last aforesaid, but received no bids for said lots or any part
thereof.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Whereupon I made return of the
aforesaid writ of fieri facias with my doings thereon to the Court of Common
Pleas of Huron County begun and holden in and for the County of Huron on the
third Tuesday of February of the same year last aforesaid on the second day of
said term whereupon the Clerk of the Court of Common Pleas of the County of
Huron aforesaid issued a write of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">venditioni
exponas</i> on the ninth day of April of the same year last aforesaid under the
seal of said Court directed to the Sheriff of said County dated the day and
year last aforesaid, signed by James Williams as Clerk of the said Court,
whereby and by virtue of which said writ the said Sheriff was directed,
required and commanded that whereas he had made return on the aforesaid writ of
fieri facias, that he had levied the aforesaid damages and costs of the real
estate of the said D. and R.N. Powers and that the same remained in custody for
want – [of?] buyers to sell the real estate of the said D. and R.N. Powers by
him taken in manner and form aforesaid to satisfy the said debt, damages and
costs together with interest and cost that might accrue and to have the moneys
before our then next Court of Common Pleas to be holden in and for the said
County of Huron on the third Tuesday of May in the same year last aforesaid
which said writ was delivered to me on the ninth day of April aforesaid,
wherefore I, Lyman Farwell, Sheriff of the aforesaid County of Huron caused
proclamation to be posted up in five public places within said County two of
which were posted within the township where said lots were lying giving notice
of the time and place when and where the aforesaid lots would be offered for
sale and the same being more than thirty days previous to the said sale,
wherefore on the eleventh day of May of the same year aforesaid at one o’clock
P.M. on said day according to the proclamation aforesaid, I offered the said
lots for sale at the dwelling house of Royal N. Powers in New Haven aforesaid
and received a bid from Giles Sanford of Erie in the County of Erie and State
of Pennsylvania, William Lattemore of Paynesville in Geauga County and State of
Ohio and Co., by their Attorney Francis Grayham of Huron aforesaid for Lots
Number fifty, fifty-one and fifty-two, the sum of seventy-six dollars and
sixty-eight cents, for Lots No. fifty-nine and sixty the sum of fifty dollars
and for fifty-seven and fifty-eight the sum of twenty-one dollars and continued
said sales till the hour of four P.M. on said day and receiving no further bids
for said lots or any part of them struck off said lots to the said Sanford, Lattemore
and Co. at the several bids aforesaid, which said several bids amounted to one
hundred and forty-eight dollars and thirty-six cents, a sum sufficient to
discharge the said debt, damages and costs that have accrued in said
proceedings had thereon and also being more than two thirds of the appraised
value of the said several lots as stated aforesaid.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Now therefore know ye that I, Lyman Farewell,
Sheriff of the County of Huron aforesaid, do in my said capacity of Sheriff for
said County of Huron, in pursuance of the aforesaid proceedings, sale and the
Statute in such case made and provided for the consideration of the said
several sums aforesaid, received to my full satisfaction in my said capacity of
Sheriff of the County aforesaid of the said Lattimore, Sanford and Co., do
grant, bargain, sell, convey and confirm to the said Lattimore, Sanford &
Co., all the last aforesaid lots, viz: No. fifty, fifty-one, fifty-two,
fifty-nine, sixty, fifty-seven and fifty-eight lying and being as aforesaid.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>To have and to hold the above granted
premises with all the appurtenances thereunto belonging unto them, the said
Giles Sanford, William Lattimore and Co., their heirs and assigns forever, for
their own proper use and behoof, hereby conveying and confirming unto them and
all of them all the right, title, interest and claim of the said David and
Royal N. Powers in or to the premises aforesaid.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>in witness whereof I have hereunto set my
hand and seal in my said capacity of Sheriff this twenty-fifth day of August in
the year one thousand eight hundred and eighteen.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Lyman Farewell, SEAL </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Signed,
sealed and delivered in presence of David Abbot, Benjamin W. Abbot, This 25<sup>th</sup>
day August, 1818, Personally came Lyman Farewell, signer and sealer of the
within deed and acknowledged the same to be his official act and deed before
me, David Abbot, Justice Peace, Received the 2<sup>nd</sup>, recorded the 4<sup>th</sup>
September 1818 by Ichabod Marshall, Recorder.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn182" name="_ednref182" style="mso-endnote-id: edn182;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxxxii]</span></span></span></span></a>”</span></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">On 12 December
1817, David wrote a letter to his sister Abigail Powers, then living in Sempronius,
NY:</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>“New haven Dec 12<sup>th</sup>
1817</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“Dear Sister,</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“I have delayed answering your
letter until now & am not prepared at present to advise you concerning
coming here.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is a great journey &
if you were not suited with the country here I should feel disagreeable to
think I had over advised you –</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“It
would be a great satisfaction to me to have our Mother, Polly & you here as
well as to the rest of us – Royal says much about your coming here says he
shall assist you if you wish to come – he undoubtedly will [rest of line is
crossed out and illegible]<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We can &
will give you what assistance you ask for in building you a house, <u>that</u>*
will be in our power, but it is difficult for us to help you to move here at
present but we hope to be shortly able to help you in that respect if you need
it – respecting earning a living here it is my opinion you [can?] more easily
do it than there, for needle work, or weaving would be much more profitable
here than there, schoolteaching as good, but was you here you could do better
than teaching school – Royal & me have agreed to close our business &
come to a settlement we shall be able to do it without much sacrifice, we have
advertised our property for sale & shall be able to settle our concerns
without disposing of our farm, if we sell that it will be not out of necessity
but to advance our property.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I think as
things are about to turn we shall not dispose of it but divide it – If you
conclude to move here bring all the feathers you possibly can, perhaps it would
be well for you to come with Lemuel Mother & Polly could as easily come
afterwards I should be extremely glad to have you come & live with me &
Mother & Polly likewise if I can situate myself so as to make it convenient
for them – Tell sister Phine if she is there & had not heard from John that
he is probably well<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I have indirectly
heard from him several times the season past, Thurber Woodworth tells me he
heard from him not long since, I would write to her but can give her no direct
information I shall write again soon- we are all well except Fanny she is much
as she was when Lemuel left here in health [words crossed out and illegible]
and will continue so probably until spring she will then be likely to grow
better or worse – write to me immediately on the receipt of this</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>From Your Affectionate
Brother</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Miss Abigail Powers<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>David Powers</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">P.S. My respects to
Mother & Polly</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">* I mean we <u>can</u>
do it”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"> </span></i><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn183" name="_ednref183" style="mso-endnote-id: edn183;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
</blockquote>
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">This is the earliest letter written by David to his sister
Abigail in the Millard Fillmore collection at SUNY Oswego.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It seems that David was not being entirely
forthcoming about his and brother Royal’s financial situation, but this would
be understandable, as he very much wants for his extended family to join him in
New Haven, and is, I believe, trying to paint a good picture.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This collection of letters has been
enormously helpful in our research of Mary Ann Coe and the period of her life
that included David Powers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>David was a
prolific writer and quite a character.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>We have often found evidence which conflicts with the tales told by
David in these letters. Having spent several hours poring over these letters,
one gets the sense that David was always trying to impress, and get the most
advantage of his acquaintances.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The letter refers to Mother, Polly, Lemuel, Phine and
John.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These were, in order, Abigail
(Newland) Powers, the matriarch of the family who married about 1818, as her
second husband, Benjamin Strong, son of Adino and Deborah (Prime) Strong;
Polly, who we assume was David’s sister Mary; Lemuel, David’s older brother;
Phena (Southworth) Powers, wife of David’s brother John Powers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>David also mentions Thurber Woodworth from
whom he has heard word of John Powers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>While we have not found a Thurber Woodworth in Ohio or New York, we did
find two Woodworth families in Cayuga County, New York, who may be related to
Thurber.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There was a Caleb Woodworth
enumerated as head of household in the 1810 U.S. Federal Census of Aurelius, on
the same page as Royal N. Powers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There
was also a Jacob Woodworth enumerated as head of household in the 1810 U.S.
Federal Census of Brutus, where David was also living.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 3 March 1818, David, Polly, Royal and Frances Powers sold
lot 72 to Bethel Humphrys of New Haven, OH for twenty five dollars<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn184" name="_ednref184" style="mso-endnote-id: edn184;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxxxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One month later, on 24 April 1818, David,
Polly, Royal and Frances Powers sold New Haven lots 11 and 12 to Christina
Beymer of New Haven, for one hundred dollars<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn185" name="_ednref185" style="mso-endnote-id: edn185;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxxxv]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 2 Dec 1818, David, Polly, Royal and
Frances sold New Haven in-lots 23 through 28, 38, 56, 93, 94, and 101 through
106 to Oliver Granger of New Haven, for two hundred dollars<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn186" name="_ednref186" style="mso-endnote-id: edn186;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxxxvi]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>David and Royal Powers were listed together
as proprietors in the 1818 New Haven, Ohio, tax records.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 12 January 1819, David and Polly Powers sold part of lot
78 in New Haven, “except such Lots as have been heretofore deeded to other
persons”, to his brother Royal for $1700<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn187" name="_ednref187" style="mso-endnote-id: edn187;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxxxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The February Term of the Huron County Court
included two cases in which David and Royal were involved in.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In a “Capias in Case”, David and Royal as
plaintiffs, with Oliver Granger as defendant, was entered into the appearance
docket of the February court term.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This
docket is difficult to read and remark reads (as close as we can determine)
“Da[?] filed Rule for pleas in 60 days [illegible]”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn188" name="_ednref188" style="mso-endnote-id: edn188;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxxxviii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In a second “Capias in Case” that same term,
Royal N. Powers and David Powers were listed as defendants, against Samuel B.
Carpender, plaintiff.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Once again remarks
state that they were “filed for plea in 60 days can[d]”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn189" name="_ednref189" style="mso-endnote-id: edn189;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[clxxxix]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Both of these suits were likely related to
prior land sales.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">According to the book <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of Freemasonry in Ohio, From 1791 to
1912</i>, by W. M. Cunningham and John G. Reeves, on <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">“</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">February 4, 1817, a
dispensation was granted for the establishment of a lodge at New Haven, Huron
County, to be called New Haven Lodge No. - with Samuel W. Carpenter W. M.;
Henry Barney S. W., and Belden Kellogg, J. W. At the
Annual Meeting of the Grand Lodge at Chillicothe in August, 1817, a charter was
granted to New Haven Lodge No.39. In 1819 it reported as its officers Brothers
Lemuel Powers, W. M.; James McIntire, S. W.; Martin M. Kellogg, J. W., and
David Powers, Secretary.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was
discontinued in 1824, and its number (39) is vacant on the Grand Lodge roll.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn190" name="_ednref190" style="mso-endnote-id: edn190;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxc]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Membership in a fraternal organization could,
in those days be very advantageous to young entrepreneurs and upwardly mobile
or upwards reaching men.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Lemuel Powers,
the Worshipful Master of this new lodge, was one of the charter members of the
Genoa Lodge Number 213 Free and Accepted Masons in Genoa, Cayuga County, New
York when it was formed on 11 August 1813.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>According to <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The History of Cayuga
County 1789-1879 </i>by Elliot G. Storke the “Genoa Lodge No. 213, F. &
A.M. was organized August 11, 1813, at the house of Simeon P. Strong in
Teetertown (Lansingville).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>William
Miner, Lemuel Powers, John Bowker, Samuel Knapp, Darius Adams, Curtis Galpin,
Simeon P. Strong, Belding Kellogg, Martin Kellogg, Ithmar Kellogg, Levi Roath,
H. West, Abner Brannis and Samuel R. Wilson, who were members of Sylvan Lodge,
Massachusetts, Eagle Lodge, Seneca county, and Scipio Lodge, Aurora, were the
charter members.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn191" name="_ednref191" style="mso-endnote-id: edn191;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxci]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Lemuel may have come from the Scipio
Lodge.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Martin Kellogg who was
amongst the charter members of the Geneva Lodge, was also the Junior Warden of
the New Haven Lodge and was a nephew of Belding Kellogg and brother of Ithamer
Kellogg.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Martin
Marble Kellogg was born about 1780 in Sheffield, Berkshire County,
Massachusetts, and was a son of Nehemiah and Hannah (Marble) Kellogg.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was a soldier in the War of 1812.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn192" name="_ednref192" style="mso-endnote-id: edn192;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxcii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Martin was enumerated as head of household in
the 1810 U.S. Federal Census in Egremont, Berkshire County, Massachusetts, as
was his father.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Brother Ithamer and
Uncle Belding were both enumerated as heads of household in that same census in
Genoa, Cayuga County, New York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Martin M.
Kellogg was identified as an early settler of New Haven, settling about
1814.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was taxed as a landowner in
Wheatsborough (later known as New Haven), in 1815.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn193" name="_ednref193" style="mso-endnote-id: edn193;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxciii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 17 August 1815 he was named a trustee of
the town with Robert Inscho.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn194" name="_ednref194" style="mso-endnote-id: edn194;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxciv]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Martin is enumerated as a head of household
in the 1820 U.S. Census in New Haven, taken 7 August 1820.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In his household are two free white males
under 10 years of age, one free white male of 10 through 16, one free white
male of 26 through 45, two free white males of 45 and upwards, one free white
female under 10 years of age, one person engaged in agriculture.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn195" name="_ednref195" style="mso-endnote-id: edn195;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxcv]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It would appear from this census that his
first wife, Nancy Sweet, had already died.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>We believe that the two free white males under ten were Martin and
Nancy’s sons Charles Noble Kellogg and George Kellogg, and the free white
female under ten was daughter Parmelia Kellogg.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Martin and family had moved to Plymouth, Richland County, Ohio by 1831<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn196" name="_ednref196" style="mso-endnote-id: edn196;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxcvi]</span></span></span></span></a>,
but at some time between 1821 and 1828 he belonged to the Mt. Vernon Lodge,
Number 64 in Norwalk, OH (probably joining after the New Haven Lodge closed)<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn197" name="_ednref197" style="mso-endnote-id: edn197;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxcvii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is likely, then, that he would have known
Benjamin Junkins.</span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Henry Barney
is also a pivotal figure in this twisted tale.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Born 6 Feb 1773 in Middletown, Middlesex County, Connecticut, to Benjamin
and Elizabeth (Ackley) Barney, and brother of John Barney who would also in
live in New Haven, OH, he married first Mary C. Gallup, who died about 1797,
then, second, Jane Ackley before 1803.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn198" name="_ednref198" style="mso-endnote-id: edn198;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxcviii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was enumerated as head of household in the
1810 U.S. Federal Census in Genoa, NY.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>In his household were two free white males under 10 years of age, one
free white male of 10 through 15, one free white male of 26 through 44, three
free white females under 10, one free white female of 10 through 15 and one free
white female of 27 through 44.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn199" name="_ednref199" style="mso-endnote-id: edn199;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cxcix]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was identified as an early settler of New
Haven, OH, coming about 1814<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn200" name="_ednref200" style="mso-endnote-id: edn200;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cc]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1815 he was levied a tax as a landowner in
Wheatsborough (later known as New Haven)<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn201" name="_ednref201" style="mso-endnote-id: edn201;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cci]</span></span></span></span></a>,
and on 17 August 1815 was named one of the New Haven town supervisors with
Stephen D. Palmer<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn202" name="_ednref202" style="mso-endnote-id: edn202;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 4 Feb 1817 he was named the Senior Warden
of the New Haven Lodge Number 39, Free and Accepted Masons (with David Powers
and Martin M. Kellogg)<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn203" name="_ednref203" style="mso-endnote-id: edn203;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cciii]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Henry Barney
was enumerated as head of household in the 1820 U.S. Census in New Haven.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In his household were one free white male
under 10 years of age, one free white male of 10 through 16, one free white
male of 16 and under 18, two free white males of 16 through 26, one free white
male of 26 through 45, one free white male of 45 and upwards, 1 free white
female under 10 years of age, two free white females of 10 through 16, one free
white female of 16 through 26, one free white female of 26 through 45.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Two people in the household were engaged in
agriculture. Benjamin Barney and John Barney are also listed as heads of
household on this same census page.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn204" name="_ednref204" style="mso-endnote-id: edn204;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cciv]</span></span></span></a></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>An interesting article in the Fire Lands
Pioneer identifies Henry as a visitor to the Mt. Vernon Lodge No. 64 in Norwalk
sometime between 1821 and 1828<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn205" name="_ednref205" style="mso-endnote-id: edn205;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccv]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A notice from the New Haven Post Office,
printed in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Sandusky Clarion</i> 15 October
1823, lists Henry Barney, “I himar” Coe, David and Lemuel Powers as having
letters remaining in the Post Office as on 1 October 1823.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is around the period of time that we
believe Ithamar was visiting his brother Lemuel, and daughter Mary Ann, or
perhaps around the time that Ithamar brought Mary Ann and her sons to Ohio to
live with one of his brothers (Luther or Alvin).<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn206" name="_ednref206" style="mso-endnote-id: edn206;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccvi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Henry Barney and Luther Coe were listed on
the Huron County Common Pleas Appearance Docket for the August Term of
1824.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They were defendants in a suit
brought by Harvey Westfall for $272.50 in debt and $48.25 in damages.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn207" name="_ednref207" style="mso-endnote-id: edn207;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccvii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The outcome of this suit ended in a sheriff
sale of Henry and Luther’s personal property on 28 February 1826</span>.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn208" name="_ednref208" style="mso-endnote-id: edn208;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccviii]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Luther Coe,
Mary Ann’s uncle, was the son-in-law of Henry Barney, having married Henry’s
daughter Sophia by his first wife Mary C. Gallup on 17 April 1817 in New Haven<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn209" name="_ednref209" style="mso-endnote-id: edn209;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccix]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It also appears that they were in business
together, or owned property together, although we have yet to find a deed for
property purchased or sold in Huron County in Luther’s name.</span> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David and Royal Powers were listed together as proprietors
in 1819 in the New Haven, Ohio, tax records.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This year they are also charged a penalty and interest of $2.55, which
may have been the result of delinquent taxes the previous year(s)<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn210" name="_ednref210" style="mso-endnote-id: edn210;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccx]</span></span></span></a></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the February 1820 Term of the Huron County
Court of Common Pleas, an appearance docket was filed in a suit brought by
David and Royal N. Powers for the use of Wilson E. Clary, against James
Williams, L.R. Hopkins and D. Gilman.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Apparently the plaintiffs later changed their mind as they declined to
file the suit within 30 days and plea within 60 days thereafter, thus the complaint
was cancelled.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn211" name="_ednref211" style="mso-endnote-id: edn211;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccxi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David Powers was listed as head of household in New Haven,
OH according to the 1820 U.S. Federal Census, which was enumerated in New Haven
7 August 1820.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In his household were two
free white males under 10 years of age, one free white male of 16 through 26,
one free white male of 26 through 45, two free white females under 10 and one
free white female of 26 through 45.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Two
people in the household were engaged in agriculture.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn212" name="_ednref212" style="mso-endnote-id: edn212;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccxii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>David’s brother Lemuel was also listed as
head of household on that same census page.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>In his household were: one free white male under 10 years of age, 1 free
white male under 10 years of age, one free white male of 16 through 26, one
free white male of 26 through 45, two free white females under 10 years of age,
one free white female of 16 through 26.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>6 total in household, one person engaged in agriculture.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn213" name="_ednref213" style="mso-endnote-id: edn213;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccxiii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Royal Newland Powers had apparently moved to
Delaware, Ohio prior to the 1820 U.S. Federal Census, as this is where he was
listed as head of household on the enumeration of 7 August 1820.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In his household were one free white male of
10 through 16; one free white male of 16 through 26, one free white male of 26
through 45, one free white female of 16 through 26, and one free white female
of 26 through 45.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn214" name="_ednref214" style="mso-endnote-id: edn214;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccxiv]</span></span></span></span></a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David wrote to his sister Mary Powers in April 1823 from New
Haven, regarding the presumed death of their brother John:</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>“New haven 24 April 1823</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dear Sister</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>I received your letter of Dec. last
in which was the supposed death of our Brother</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">John & I think we
have no reason to doubt the Reality of it from the accounts you state – I</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Much feared his death
sometime before at St. Louis & knew not that a confirmation of such</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">an account would so
shock me – But Dear Sister we must all die! and as the Poet expresses</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">It, must “have the parting
breath, and pass <u>alone</u> the gloomy vale of Death!”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>But Alas! our Brother! lying upon the bed of
Death – far from friends & his native home, the thought how agonizing – yet
you a Sister can realize as well as I a Brother – But our Mother –who have children
can better judge of her feelings than you – I learn from your letter of her ill
health which makes me fear I shall never see her again, but still have hopes <s>of
conversing with her again,</s> I want to see her more than any other person
living but am so circumstanced that I must forego the satisfaction of seeing
any of my friends in that country for a while, should life and health continue
with me it is my intention to make you a visit within two or three years</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">perhaps one year from
next fall with Brother Lemuel – my feelings would prompt me to make</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">you a visit the season
ensuing but I am yet in debt for my land & have a family to provide for
& must sacrifice inclination to duty –</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Perhaps you would wish to hear the
names of our children, I think our Mother would – Their names are, Christopher,
Marcia, Abigail, Charles and Edson, who is some more </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;">than one</span><sup> </sup>year
old, Edson the youngest has a twin Brother But the God who gave him took him to
Himself at the age of three days – no doubt in mercy to us, perhaps we should
have worshiped them for we already anticipated their smiles & prattles, the
means by which we lost him made it more afflicting than his loss would
otherwise have been, it being the wellest child was entrusted to the care of
the nurse who thro’ neglect suffered the little innocent in a cold night to
chill till it was past recovery, we reflected much on ourselves for we were
sensible of the natural drowsiness of the nurse had it been seized with an
incurable disease I feel that I could have submitted with patient resignation –
<s>You mentioned in</s><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You expressed a
fear in your letter that Brother Cyrus would lose his sight by an inflammation
in his eyes, I hope he has recovered, I saw Capt. Patter a few days since, who
informed me that he saw him & heard no complaint on that account – I should
have written to you immediately after the reception of your letter had it not
been that Royal left Delaware about that period of time & I could not learn
to what place he intended to go for some time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>I have since learnt that his intentions were to go to some of <sup>the</sup>
Southern States, he has not determined where he should make his place of
residence, Darwin went with him – he resided in Kentucky last summer</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">You have probably ere
this heard something concerning him by the means of Capt. Potter, who told me
that he saw B<sup>r</sup>.Cyrus & conversed with him about Royals
situation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>it is about one year since I
have seen him, you have probably heard of his Expulsion from the Lodge &
perhaps not of his restoration – on a trial at the Grand Lodge he was
reinstated – I neglected awhile writing to you in hopes of giving you
particular information relative to B<sup>r</sup>. Royal destined place of abode
but I acknowledge</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Dear Sister that I have been guilty
of a gross neglect in not writing sooner, you say in your letter “it has not
been for the want of inclination but for the want of leisure etc.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I cannot excuse myself so well is it not
rather for the want of inclination that we correspond so little with one
another, let us examine it is true, we have a kind of inclination or
disposition to do many things which we feel it our duty to do but how strangely
we neglect them, Is it your</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">wish to answer this
letter – seek an opportunity & let me know it, I am sensible you feel, an</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">anxiety to receive a
letter from me, but trifling circumstances have prevented my writing sooner, I
will endeavor for the future to atone for my neglect by a more frequent
correspondence – I want to see you all more than I can tell you, but more
especially my Mother whom I fear I shall never see again in this world.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>But tell her from me – I have a hope that
reaches beyond the grave & if we never meet again in time, I hope we may
meet together</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">in that world of joy
where parting shall be no more. Tell her likewise that Polly expresses the same
hopes & wishes that I have – when I write again I shall sketch something
about the Country – I solicit you not to neglect me, as I have you, do food for
evil, tell Cyrus & Abigail to write likewise – My love to all my friends-
Polly also, My family & Lemuels are well – Adieu</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mary Powers<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>From Your affectionate Brother</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>David
Powers</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Marcia often talks of
her Aunt Polly”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn215" name="_ednref215" style="mso-endnote-id: edn215;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccxv]</span></b></span></span></span></a></i></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">There is more than a ten year gap in the letters in the
Millard Fillmore Collection that were written by David Powers to any of his
family members.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We do not know whether
this gap is due to the fact that he did not write, whether those letters were
lost or destroyed, or perhaps held in another collection we are not aware
of.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The majority of David’s letters in
the Collection were written after 1835, when he was married to Mary Ann Coe.</span><b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span></b><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The Deacon’s Daughter and the Reverend’s Son: Mary Ann and
David Powers</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Mary Ann (Coe) Pomeroy and David Powers were married by
Justice of the Peace, Samuel Preston in Norwalk, OH on 31 May 1833, just 19
days after Mary Ann’s husband Spencer Pomeroy died in the Onondaga County
Poorhouse in New York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was this a
marriage of convenience or passion?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We
really don’t know how long Mary Ann and David knew each other, prior to
marriage, and it’s interesting that there is no mention of Mary Ann in any of
the letters written by David’s extended family to his sister Abigail, prior to
the marriage.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While there is no way to
tell if this collection of letters is complete, it does seem that his nieces
Louisa and Julia were quite free in sharing their opinion with their aunt
Abigail, but they were both in their teens when Polly died and David married
Mary Ann, so may not have been writing to Abigail as frequently as they did as
they got older.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David’s
first wife, Polly, had died in New Haven 17 May 1831, leaving David with six
children under the age of 21, two of which were under the age of ten.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is likely that Marcia Powers, as the
eldest daughter, became responsible for the care of the younger children.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In a letter written by Lemuel Powers to his
sister Abigail, he stated “Br. Davids family are all well”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn216" name="_ednref216" style="mso-endnote-id: edn216;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccxvi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is about all we know of the David and
Mary Ann’s home life during these early years of their marriage.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 3 September
1833, David advertised that he had several hundred bushels of clean wheat for
sale in the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Huron Reflector</i>.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn217" name="_ednref217" style="mso-endnote-id: edn217;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccxvii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We assume that this wheat was grown on his
farm. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One month later David and his brother
Royal’s names are found in the appearance docket of the Huron County Court of
Common Pleas as co-defendants in a suit against them brought by Elisha
Whittlesey.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn218" name="_ednref218" style="mso-endnote-id: edn218;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccxviii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Another notation in the appearance docket in
the June term of 1833 lists only David, as Royal had died three years previous<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn219" name="_ednref219" style="mso-endnote-id: edn219;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccxix]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Elisha Whittlesey was a lawyer, living in
Norwalk, OH by 1822.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn220" name="_ednref220" style="mso-endnote-id: edn220;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccxx]</span></span></span></span></a> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 11
October 1834, “David Powers and Mary Ann, his wife, of New Haven, Huron County
and State of Ohio, for the consideration of five hundred dollars to us paid to
our full satisfaction Francis W. Pomeroy, of Norwalk, County and state
aforesaid, do give, grant, bargain, sell, remise and quit-claim unto the said
Francis W. Pomeroy, his heirs and assigns forever, all our right, title,
interest and claim which we had in and unto a certain lot of land situated in
the Village of Norwalk, aforesaid, County and State aforesaid, and
distinguished and known as in-lot No. six (6) in the Town Platt of Norwalk
containing 64 rods of land or 40/100 of an acre, with all and singular the
hereditaments and appurtenances thereunto belonging to anywise appertaining
either in law or equity, of, or to the above granted premises... The aforesaid
premises being the same which Edward Petit of Norwalk aforesaid deeded to Mary
Ann Pomeroy July 6, 1825, as will appear on the records of Huron County...”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn221" name="_ednref221" style="mso-endnote-id: edn221;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccxxi]</span></span></span></span></a> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 5
May 1835, the following notice was run in the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Huron Reflector: </i>“By virtue of a writ of Fieri Facias issued from the
Court of Common Pleas, for the County of Huron, Ohio, to me directed and
delivered, I shall expose for sale at public vendue, at the door of the Court
House in Norwalk, in said county, on the first day of June next, between the
house of ten A.M. and four P.M. of said day – the life estate of David Powers,
of the township of New haven in said county, in the following described lands
and tenements, to wit – In Lot No. six, in the town plat of Norwalk in said
county, with the dwelling house thereon; together with the privileges and
appurtenances thereto belonging.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>At the
suit of Elisha Whittlesey against David Powers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>John Miller, Sherriff, Norwalk, April 28, 1835.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn222" name="_ednref222" style="mso-endnote-id: edn222;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccxxii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This appears to be the land that Mary Ann
purchased of the estate of Edward Pettit, as it contained the dwelling
house.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David’s
property problems, which became Mary Ann’s property problems after they
married, were extremely complex and trying to make sense of the paper trail
left behind has not always been easy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It
would appear that David, at this time in his life, had incurred a number of
debts, including two mortgages to his sister Mary, which he had not paid
on.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>From later letters in which David
wrote to his sisters Mary and Abigail and his brother-in-law Millard Fillmore,
it appears that Mary had sold these mortgages to a third party, who would
collect, by whatever means possible, the money due from David on those
mortgages.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As we only are privy to one
side of the story in the letters, and there seems to be such a great
discrepancy between how David viewed the problem and how Mary viewed the
problem, it is hard to determine the real facts of the story.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Suffice it to say that it appears that David
was willing to sell Mary Ann’s property in order to save his own, and that he
was also quite willing to disavow agreements made with Mary Ann in regards to
her son Francis’ right to her property after her death.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This early sale of part of Mary Ann’s
property, just two years after their marriage, did not end the land sales and
various finagling.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It must have been
quite distressing for Mary Ann to marry again and wind up fearing the loss of
her home and creature comforts due to David’s financial encumbrances.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David
again advertised the sale of wheat in the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Huron
Reflector </i>on 25 August 1835, although this year the number of bushels he
was advertising (150 as opposed to several hundred) were much less than the
previous year<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn223" name="_ednref223" style="mso-endnote-id: edn223;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Did he grow less wheat, or where his yields
compromised by problems with the weather, or did he sell more wheat prior to
placing this ad?</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In a
letter written by Julia Powers Dubois to her aunt Abigail Fillmore 9 February
1836, Julia states that David had sold a house on his property in New Haven, to
his son-in-law Joseph Rice, the husband of his daughter Marcia<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn224" name="_ednref224" style="mso-endnote-id: edn224;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccxxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We have found no deed for this sale.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David wrote to his sister Abigail and brother-in-law Millard
Fillmore in November 1835 to inform them of his son Chester’s death:</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">New Haven Nov. 15<sup>th</sup>
1835</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dear Brother & Sister</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Chester returned from Buffalo on the
13<sup>th</sup> of Sept. last much fatigued with his journey</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">& was very ill for
a few days when he was able to ride a mile or two in a one horse wagon a</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">few times & was
then confined to his room with the exception of some pleasant days he was able
to ride as far as the village, but constantly grew more feeble, still we “hoped
against hope” for his recovery, but, alas! He has paid the debt we all must
pay! ~ I should have written to you sooner could I have given the least
prospect of his recovery – He had contended for the doctrine of Universal
Salvation until about five weeks previous to his death, he said, “his belief
was speculative, it was not an “anchor to the soul.” It would not avail him in
the great day of accounts,” and with full purpose of heart sought the Lord
& found him precious, and from that time expressed a perfect resignation in
the will of Him that governs all things – though he endured much suffering yet
he said that his last days were his happiest days, and as his end drew nigh he
was more & more devoted to the cause of his Redeemer & told me, his
Sisters Brothers & friends not to mourn for him but so to live that we
might meet him in a better world – He retained his reason perfectly until his
last breath, And almost his last word <s style="text-line-through: double;">were</s>
to his weeping friends were “don’t weep for me, I shall soon be a companion of
angels with my Mother & Uncle Lemuel, Oh yes! & the best of all will be
I shall see my Saviour – Such were his prospects & such were his feelings
until about one quarter past five O’clock in the afternoon of the 13<sup>th</sup>
Inst. his happy spirit took its flight to a World invisible! - Ah! dear Friend
I shall not attempt to describe my feelings What they now are while I write
& what they have been since his death – I have felt that I could<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>not write sooner – though I had long given up
hopes of his recovery yet I was not prepared for the final blow – I have lost
an affectionate Son on whom I had placed much hopes of social happiness But the
Lord gave & hath also taken & it is my Wish to be reconciled to his
dispensations<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>- Dear Sister a few words
to you – I much regret the little opportunity I had in conversing with you when
you paid us your short visit in June last I had much to occupy my mind, and
when you left I felt that we had not had a visit but I expected soon to have
seen you in Buffalo but circumstances have prevented me – had Chester remained
there after his return from Cayuga long enough to have given me notice I should
have met him there & accompanied him home – I wrote him to that effect to
Tompkins Co, but he started before the arrival of my letter – and after his
return home I could not leave him or did not think myself justifiable in so
doing or I should have paid you a visit partly to have seen Mary – If my life
is spared I intend to visit you and B<sup>r</sup>. Fillmore next season, were
it not so late in the season I should do it this fall – I have done nothing of
consequence for six weeks past but attend upon Chester – Abigail also has
devoted her time to that & nothing else since his return from Buffalo – Poor
girl it seems that her heart will break – Brother & Sister never loved
better – Night & day she attended him & would not be prevailed upon to
take necessary rest till overcome with fatigue she fell sudden and almost
senseless one evening upon her bed – Medical aid was immediately called &
she was pronounced very dangerous – for a few hours she was in a state of
delirium urging & directing to have Chester taken good care of – she
recovered in a few days so as to [stain on page – illegible] upon him as long
as he lived – My wife has been very sick the most of the time since</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Chesters return – she
is now in quite poor health, the rest of us are well – I wish to know where
Mary is Please write & inform me – I shall write in a day or two probably
next mail respecting our pecuniary concerns – I have not room in this letter –
tell Mary to write if you see her – Chester often expressed much gratitude for
your kindness & generosity to him & invoked Heaven’s blessing, upon you
& yours – From your affectionate Brother</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 7;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>David Powers</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">M. & A. Fillmore</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Abigail sends her love
to you.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn225" name="_ednref225" style="mso-endnote-id: edn225;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccxxv]</span></b></span></span></span></a></i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></blockquote>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David spoke about his son Chester’s belief in “the doctrine
of Universal Salvation”, was the basis of the early Universalist church.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In looking at the history of the Universalist
church in Huron County, OH, we found evidence that Rev. Nathan B. Johnson came
to Huron County from Vermont as early as 1814.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>According to the book <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Universalism
in America</i>, Rev. Johnson “remained as late as 1821, after which we have no
trace of him in the ministry.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn226" name="_ednref226" style="mso-endnote-id: edn226;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccxxvi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Nathan B. Johnson is found in the 1823 Census
of Ohio, living in Norwalk.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn227" name="_ednref227" style="mso-endnote-id: edn227;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccxxvii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Whether or not he was preaching his faith at
that time, we do not know.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Nor do we
know from whom Chester heard of the religion and whether he was an active
member of a church or society.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It
appears, from the letter, that David was relieved that Chester had forgone
these beliefs for a more conservative approach to redemption.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Chester was only twenty four years old when
he died and his loss was keenly felt by his family.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Chester had apparently been visiting his aunt
and uncle in Buffalo.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>David also
mentioned Abigail’s “short visit” that past June.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I continue to be surprised at the amount of
travel that these far flung family members engaged in.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Of course, at this time, the Erie Canal had
been completed, and this had, more than any other mode of transportation,
opened up the “west” and made travel between New York and Ohio much easier and
more economical.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David briefly mentioned Mary Ann, as being unwell since
Chester came home.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He also mentions
contacting his sister Mary and his “pecuniary concerns”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I believe that he is referring to two
mortgages that he had drawn from Mary.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The first on 57 acres of property in New Haven on 19 May 1832 in the
amount of $284, and the second on 30 acres of land in New Haven on 2 April 1833
in the amount of $335.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David wrote to his brother-in-law Millard Fillmore in June
1837:</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“New
Haven June 6<sup>th</sup> 1837</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dear Brother</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In haste I write a few lines to you having
neglected more leisure time & opportunity – what</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">money you have
collected of M<sup>r</sup>. Johnston (except the five dollars paid to Orpha) I
wish you to pay to the bearer E. Steward Esqr. He will satisfy you for your
trouble of collecting – I intend to be at Buffalo by the 10<sup>th</sup> of
October next & hope to meet Mary there – I shall write immediately to her
to that effect – If I am not disappointed I shall pay her the most of her money
if not all – You will probably be at Congress attending to your duties there –
Try to “regulate the currency” – I shall regret your being absent – Will
Abigail go with you?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Where will Mother
be if she lives?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If Abigail does not go
will she keep house while you are absent?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>I wish you to write if you are pressed for time, tell Sister Abigail she
<u>must</u> write, and write particulars – write about Mother – how her health
is – I want to hear from her – to hear from you all – but I want more to see
you – I must write Mothers name again- I may never <u>see</u> her mark but hope
I shall</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">I have made an
arrangement with my wife and sold her Lot at Norwalk for $900.00 last fall I
could have taken $1000 but not for so prompt pay – I am to have the greatest
part of the money on the first day of October & shall then start for
Buffalo – I might arrange by sending a certificate of deposit but I want to see
you all especially Mother – Property has fallen in villages generally but not
in New Haven – People are sanguine about a County seat at this place – It was
put over on its 3<sup>d</sup>. reading last winter by a majority of one vote only
in the Senate (the lower house was in its favor) & the most of its friends
retain their seat in other sessions- Water privileges are valuable in this
Country – that we can have by draining the prairie South West of us – the
Company will be chartered for that purpose next winter – I have laid out 14
building lots adjoining the Village which I think I can sell to good advantage
– My</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">wife is to have one
undivided third of my farm for her village lot which I have sold as soon as I
can pay Mary’ Mortgage – I have been particulare more on Mothers account for I
think she</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">feels more anxiety
about me though I do not doubt Yours & Sisters good wishes for my welfare –
I met with a great loss for me three days since I had a valuable yoke of cattle
worth $100 the best if there was a best died suddenly with Murrain but
Providence so ordered it and I have only to be the more industrious – every
thing else has prospered well with me since I left you last fall except I
suffered about $25 dollars by hog thieves, but that is quite common – the two
last courts the juries were very hard upon them which has made a scattering
among them – some have been fined & imprisoned in the County jail <s>&
fined</s> & some sent to the penitentiary (according to the amount stolen)
and some have run away – among the last mentioned three of my nearest neighbors
– a Father & two sons bound in $600. bonds which they forfeited & paid
– but enough of this you will be tired of reading – read it however to Mother
it will gratify her because her son wrote it – I shall expect a letter from
some of you in about 2 weeks – I have not heard from any of you since I left
you & feel anxious to hear – Myself & family are all well – Sister Jane’s
family also – When I commenced this letter I intended to write a few lines to
you & then to Mother, Sister Abigail, but have not had time to stop and
begin again neither have I time to correct mistakes if I have made any – No
more at present</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">M. Fillmore Esqr.<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>From Yours Sincerely</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 5;"> </span>David
Powers</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Love to Mother &
Sister” <a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn228" name="_ednref228" style="mso-endnote-id: edn228;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccxxviii]</span></b></span></span></span></a></i></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David
wrote to his sister Mary in November 1840:</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“Sandusky City Erie County <s>Oct</s>
Nov 1 1840</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dear Sister</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>I do not write you from New Haven
but I write from my place of residence – I have resided here about two months –
I rented my farm last spring with the intention of moving, but afterward have
it up until after harvest – I like living here better than at New Haven on
several accts better society, and I think it will be better for my interest as
I am situated – Sandusky is a pleasant & health place and will soon be a
place of much importance, it is even at this time – two important Rail Roads
(one from Columbus & one from Cincinnati) point to this place, the northern
extreme-itites of each in profitable operation at this time – The week after I
came here I met with a sad accident which has rendered me unable to do any
thing and will probably for some time –</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">In driving a wild
young horse he started so suddenly that I was unable to manage him, the wagon
striking a stump & broke the shills of the wagon & upset it, or rather
the waggon turned a somerset – the lines getting around my wrist </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;">and
fingers</span><sup> </sup>by somemeans, the horse dragged my some three or four
rods by my left arm – My shoulder & elbow were dislocated and <s style="text-line-through: double;">and</s> the joints in my hand wrist &
fingers were misplaced – </i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">After suffering 15 or
16 hours I obtained a good Surgeon who I believe skilfully managed me – My
shoulder & elbow I think will become sound again, but I have some fears
that my wrist & hand will not soon be well, it is at this time and has been
extremely painful, but I think 2 or</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">3 more months time
will enable me to begin to use it – </i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Notwithstanding the
risk of being killed I not otherwise injured in the least – I was on my way to
see M<sup>r</sup>. Williams when I got my hurt who had just returned from the
state of New York I have since seen him & he appears to be disposed to
press the payment immediately contrary from what I understood him last summer
which was a part next spring and the balance<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>in one year after – In your last letter you made some complaint because
I did not answer you before you dealt with M<sup>r</sup>. Williams, I was
absent from home when your letter arrived and after I received it I was absent
concluding a sale, the man that I was absent selling to was expecting</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">news of money from
Pennsylvania, and when he did receive it was so unfavorable that he dare not
agree to pay the mortgage so soon, about that time your last letter arrived –</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A certain wealthy man in New Haven has
several times hindered me from selling by making people believe that there is
no other way of proving a good title of my farm only to purchase it of the
Sheriff – he is an intriguing man & has told B<sup>r</sup>. Fillmore that I
had been offered & could sell at any time for a fair price, which is not
true – his sole object is to purchase himself at Sheriff sale & if he can
prevent me from selling then he thinks he will have a chance.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Sheriff is a political & personal
friend of his & he is an influential Man on account of wealth & will
almost certain be one of the Appraisers & it </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;">is</span> his interest to
undervalue all land especially</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">mine for he expects to
be the purchaser knowing that no one else has the money – I have been told by
two persons that they should have purchased my farm had it not been for him –
they now regret it but have purchased elsewhere – </i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">If there was no
incumbrance on my farm I could now Sell for $2000 in instalments which would
leave my wife & me $1000 & some other little property but if the sale
is pressed it will not leave me a cent my wife will have (at her control) the
surplus after paying the mortgage to you – </i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">I live in a house
belonging to a M<sup>r</sup>. Foreman of whom I rent, he is a man of property
but attend to no business at present, he proposes to me to buy my farm &
pay it in Rail Road Stock for himself to live upon, he is well pleased with it
& is a man about my age & has been a man of business & now wishes a
small farm for himself during the remainder of his life –</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Not that he
undervalues the Stock for he would not sell For money at simple interest – I
would much rather have Stock than money payable in instalments on interest</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">There is no money in
Ohio – Our Locoforo Legislature under the pretense of Bank Reform have
attempted to destroy the Banks & have passed such acts the Banks cannot
discount one dollar safely, & neither do they discount at all but thanks to
the Whigs of Ohio they have now taken the helm but I fear not soon enough to
save me –</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Stock which M<sup>r</sup>.
Foreman has (which is considerable) is in the Rail Road leading from this place
to Cincinnati through Dayton and a rich agricultural part of the State and also
very level & easily made – it will be a great thorough fare – From Sandusky
they commenced running last year to Belevue 15 miles and divided 10 per cent on
the Stock, I have enquired of those who know and in a few days they say they
shall divid between 12 and 15 per ct 12 miles more will be finished in 10 days
which will make 27 miles and 15 more is contracted to be finished in December
which will make 42 after that is completed the dividend will be made
semi-annully – and it is thought that it will then divide 20 per cent annually,
I shall be glad to take the balance of my farm in stock – Heretofore the
dividend have been made in Stock but after the completion as above stated
dividends will be paid in money deposited in the Bank of Sandusky as good a
bank as there is in the State – M<sup>r</sup>. Williams has some Idea of taking
the</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Stock himself but I
fear (knowing that I am in his power) that he will want to shave me money being
so scarce – M<sup>r</sup>. Williams says that you can have the contract of the
Mortgage if you wish it is the reason I have written as I have – If you wish
your money where you can have the greatest interest I will say if you will take
the Stock I will come under bond, with good security to guarantee to you 10 per
cent (for three years and payable semiannually i.e. 5 pr. cent for six months
or if you will give me the surpluss I will agree to 12 per Cent Annually </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;">for
the</span><sup> </sup></i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;">same time</span> – the Stock of the Rail Road
is all taken by able men in two companies to meet at Dayton There is more of
the South end in operation than at the North end – I have not exaggerated – I
write as it is – I had rather have stock in the Rail Road than money on
interest – There is no money in circulation in this State I am told it is not
one half as plenty as it is in New York, for they have not warred against the
Banks in that State to such a degree – but I hope for better times, If you
should conclude to take the Stock it can be assigned to you at any time &
if you choose I will give you the warrant as above stated both ample security –
Write to me as soon as you can – I shall enclose this to B<sup>r</sup>.
Fillmore & he will send it to you probably with a note – I would rather you
would take the Stock than M<sup>r</sup>. Williams for I think it will be to
your advantage – I do not know whether M</i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;">r</span> Williams will or no for he can
speculate out of me greatly if he chooses –</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">I have filled my sheet
& can write no more only to tell you that your friends are all well except
Joseph Rice & Julia who was living about six weeks ago – a word on
elections & polsters – Does B<sup>r</sup>. Cyrus support Van Buren?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We have gone in Ohio against him probably
25000 if the</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">rest of the State has
gained on the State elections as much as the North part – If New York goes for
him he can’t be elected I think – Will you not come to Sandusky next spring, I
think it would be for your health – if you will appoint a time and I will meet
you at Buffalo I can do it without fare<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 5;"> </span>David
Powers”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn229" name="_ednref229" style="mso-endnote-id: edn229;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccxxix]</span></b></span></span></span></a></i></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Three weeks later David wrote again to his sister Mary:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>“Sandusky City Erie
County O.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Nov 23 1840</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dear Sister</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>I received yours in due season and
was sorry that you did not conclude to [sic] take the Rail Road Stock for two
important reasons, one is that I am well convinced that you would received much
greater interest for your money than you can get by hiring it under there would
be no failure in the dividends deposited in bank to your credit; & another
is it would enable me to sell my farm & save something to myself (at least
$500 more)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You will naturally say if the
stock is valuable why will it not command cash immediately –</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The reason is there is
such a scarcity of money that none but misers possess it – Should the Banks
resume operations & business became as usual I believe the Stock will soon
be worth 15 or 20 per cent premium – it is thought so, by business men – with
regard to giving M</i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;">r</span>. Williams Security it is impossible to
give him any other security than what my land will give him, which he can tell
by advertising 30 days – You mention about being a woman - all the</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">trouble it would make
you would be to receive your certificate of deposit or give a draught or order
for the money – I have not written this expecting to induce you to take the
stock but rather to express my views candidly for you say that you do not know
how much of your money you shall want for your support being in ill health –</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">I never saw so scarce
a time for money as at present But, I am in hopes it will soon be better but I
fear that it will come soon enough to save the sacrifice it would be to me to
have my farm sold at Auction – I am sensible that you are in need of money
& I wish to pay you but I cannot (at this time) sell my farm and get the
payment, as soon as M<sup>r</sup>. Williams wants his money – several want my
place and admit my offer low enough, but cannot raise the money soon enough
When judgment was rendered against me principal & interest became principal
I will here propose to you & request your answer – Suppose you receive
(deposited in Norwalk Bank) the interest and enough of the principal to make
$200.00 by the first of Feby. Next, & afterwards $100.00 of principal
together with the interest that shall have accrued semi annually until I can
dispose of my farm & when I can do so the balance of the<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mortgage to be paid out of the first payments
–</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">If you can do so write
immediately & if not write whether it is in your power to do any thing to
prevent the sacrifice that I shall have to make as I am now circumstanced – You
ask whether I expect to make a permanent residence in this place?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I cannot tell – it will depend some on the
sale of my farm – I shall probably stay here the next season, & I verily
believe it would be to the benefit of your health to come here in the spring &
even stay through the season instead of coming in the fall – It is a healthy
& pleasant place I should have been at Buffalo in October if I had not met
with my misfortune – my arm & hand is recovering</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">*Interest the same as
in New=York</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Small note paid
first – That could not be recorded in the Judgment of the Mortgage even by my
confession on account of (another claim as fast as can be expected – I am not
able yet to use my arm but expect that time will effect a cure with the
exception of one or two </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;">of the joints</span> of my fingers & hand –
</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sister Jane is at home
on a short visit & send her love to you all, Julia is yet living & is
at her Mothers, while life lasts there is generally hope they have a faint hope
in this case – My wife sends her respect to you B<sup>r</sup>. Fillmore &
Sister Abigail – I will again repeat my wish to have you pay us a visit in the
spring as soon as navigation opens – Sister Jane has just expressed the</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">same wish & the
belief that it will benefit your health – I am firm in such a belief for I have
often seen the effects of climate</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Fail not to Write, I
remain sincerely</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Miss Mary Powers<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>Your Affectionate
Brother</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 6;"> </span>David
Powers</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">My pen is bad & I
cannot mend it”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn230" name="_ednref230" style="mso-endnote-id: edn230;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccxxx]</span></b></span></span></span></a></i></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David wrote to Millard Fillmore in January 1841.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His wife Mary Ann added a short note at the
end of this letter:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>”Norwalk January 5<sup>th</sup>
1841</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dear Sir</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>I am placed in a very unfortunate
situation I am like to be stripped of every dollar</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">that I am worth &
I greatly fear my hand & arm is so injured that I never shall have much use</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">of it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>M<sup>r</sup>. Williams manifests a
disposition to accommodate – is ignorant of Ohio laws and I think his advisers
are for speculation – unless I can get into business that I can earn a
livelihood with one hand I fear how my support is to come – If you cannot pay
the whole mortgage can you not render assistance by advancing one half by
having security to have it paid back immediately after next harvest </i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">M<sup>r</sup>.
Williams would manage that security & make it sure and would not make any
use of the money until it as done – the sale is postponed until the 30<sup>th</sup>
Inst.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If you can managed to bid of the
land and give directions to have it sold so as to have the whole paid back
within a year (with New York interest if you wish) it can be done and I shall
have four or five hundred dollars coming after – Will you write a line to M<sup>r</sup>.
Williams at Brunson Huron County and also drop a line to me at Sandusky –
Sister Jane has $2,000.oo loaned out but has not the money by her she could
raise one half – could I be assured the use of my arm I should not feel so much
anxiety – fail not to write immediately the men I talk of selling to are
abundantly responsible & punctual.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I
prefer you to bid the land to the best advantage & pay yourself which will
give me a surplus</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>From Yours Sincerely David Powers</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">M. Fillmore Esqr.</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">M. Fillmore Sir, if
the property must go I loose my all and <s>we are </s>we are made beggars.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I am much distressed, we are getting old
& unable<s> </s>to work hard.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Pardon
the liberty I have taken</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">With Respect Yours<span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>Mary Ann
Powers”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn231" name="_ednref231" style="mso-endnote-id: edn231;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccxxxi]</span></b></span></span></span></a></i></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David and his sister-in-law Jane Strong (Bacon) Powers wrote
to Millard Fillmore in January 1841, in regards to money that Millard had lent
to David which enabled Jane to purchase David’s farm.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David again wrote to Millard Fillmore in February of 1842:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“Sandusky Feby. 4<sup>th</sup> 1841</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dear Brother</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>You will have received (probably)
before this arrives a letter from myself & Sister Jane</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">relative to my farm –
I now ask of you another favor important to me in my situation –</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Lighthouse on the Peninsula at the mouth
of Sandusky Bay is now attended by Jeremiah Benschoter who married a widow who
formerly attended it – Mr. Benschoter is a strenuous opposer of whig
politicians & there is much complaint of his negligence & will
unquestionably be removed – Is it not possible that I can get the
appointment?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I have been a pioneer in
this Section of the Country – have been extremely unfortunate & am now
needy & the injury that I received as you have been informed renders me and
will probably forever unable to perform any manual labor which I have been
accustomed to do – Are you so circumstanced that you can procure me such an
appointment?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The peninsula is now in
Ottawa County – Danbury Township – Mr. Benschoter is weathy – </i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Lighthouse on Cedar Point in this County
is attended by a Mr. Beatty – I have heard no </i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">complaint of him – he
may not be removed –</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Knowing my situation you will excuse my
troubling you – I am aware of the thousands of petitions<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>for office – this is not office – It is labor
only such </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;">of kind</span> as I can perform – We are all well</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">M. Fillmore<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>Yours Sincerely David Powers</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">I can get citizens to
petition if necessary please write.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Please send me some documents –</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Does General Harrison
remember Br. Royal, he was Surgeon of General Trapper’s Brigade in the N.
Western Army”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn232" name="_ednref232" style="mso-endnote-id: edn232;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccxxxii]</span></b></span></span></span></a></i>Although David dated the above letter “Feby 4<sup>th</sup>,
1841” I believe that the letter was in reality written in 1842 as the next
letter that David wrote to Millard Fillmore on the same subject states that he
had written to Millard “some weeks since”:</span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>Sandusky
City May 8<sup>th</sup>, 1842</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dear Brother</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>I wrote you some weeks since
relative to a M<sup>r</sup>. Jeremiah Van Benschoter Lighthouse tender on the
Peninsula at the mouth of Sandusky Bay who was removed by our present Executive
– he has sent petitions numerously signed to be reinstated for which there is
(if I am correctly informed) a large majority of those that navige the Lake in
his favor – The member from this district (M<sup>r</sup>. Sweeney) I understand
has the petitions in his possession – have you leisure, & can you consistently
aid in his reappointment – I acknowledge I have an individual interest in his
reappointment – that interest will be in the superintendence of his farm, but I
would not trouble you if I were not well assured that more than three fourths
of </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;">the </span>navigators of the Lakes were not in his favor – I am aware
that you have but little leisure but will notwithstanding ask as a favor that
you converse with M</i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;">r</span>. Sweeney on the subject & write me
a line immediately and inform me whether he has any prospect – About four weeks
since I had the misfortune to fall & sprain my right shoulder and am not <sup>yet</sup>
able to put on my clothes without assistance It will require some time probably
to recover wholly, but time will not effect a cure of my left, otherwise my
health isgood & family also – If Sister Abigail is with you I wish</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">her to write, for I
have not received a line from any of my distant friends since the letter
informing me of the death of Brother Cyrus – Again I must solicit you to take
time to reply to this <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">From Yours Etc,
Sincerely</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Hon. Millard Fillmore<span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>David
Powers<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn233" name="_ednref233" style="mso-endnote-id: edn233;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccxxxiii]</span></b></span></span></span></a></i></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David wrote to his sister Abigail in December 1844:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>“Sandusky
City Dec. 5<sup>th</sup> 1844</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dear Sister</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>We received a box last Saturday from
Barber & Barney directed to their care, marked on the bill 15<sup>th</sup>
ext.it weighed but 9 lbs and had the appearance of having been opened – We have
been & are now in daily expectation of a letter from you but have not as
yet received any – Marcia requests me to write you her especial thanks for the
bonnet you sent her, also accept mine & my Wifes’ for the favors we have
received – The box contained the bonnet for Marcia, a flannel shirt, 2 green
blinds for the eyes, & perhaps an ounce of scattering tea – </i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Will you write on the reception of this
& write particulars, how you got home, how you found your family, etc.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>My wife & Marcia have more sewing than
they can do, & enjoy good health, mine also </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;">is good</span> except my lame
legs & arm – I think I shall pay you a short visit in the spring if the
Lake opens early so that I can go & come by the first of June, for I
perceive by Election returns that you will not be under the necessity of
removing to Albany –</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I am aware & deeply regret the various
and consummate frauds that have been practised</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">that has resulted in
the defeat of the Whigs in the Presidential canvass, as well as the defeat of B<sup>r</sup>.
Fillmore –</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ohio has done well, both branches of the
Legislature for the first time in seven years are Whig – More important
elections are to take place by the Legislature this winter than ever took place
in one session – Viz. A United States Senator, State printer for 3 years &
other State officers, as well as a Supreme Judge, & a large number of
President & associate Judges – The Weather at this time is very moderate &
has been generally pleasant since you left with one or two exceptions –</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Write often & I
will answer your letters, If you have<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>not leisure have Powers write to me – My respects to B<sup>r</sup>.
Fillmore & Powers & love to Abigail – My wife & Marcia send their
love to you & yours –</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Abigail Fillmore<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>From Your Affectionate Brother</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 5;"> </span>David
Powers</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">P.S. Give my thanks to
Powers for the papers sent me – I shall be glad to receive the weekly</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Patriot & Journal
– The Daily Commercial Advertisor I have an opportunity of perusing at the Clarion
Office – If he will continue the Patriot & Journal I will feel under an
obligation to remunerate him & should Providence enable me I will do so</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 6;"> </span>D.P.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn234" name="_ednref234" style="mso-endnote-id: edn234;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccxxxi</span></b></span></span></span></a></i></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David wrote to his sister Abigail in July 1845:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>”Sandusky City July 29<sup>th</sup>
1845</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dear Sister</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>I received your letter in due time
& should have written immediately had I not been almost in daily expectancy
of my wife starting on a visit to LeRoy & calling at Buffalo – Nothing but
her ill health has prevented her journey – She made preparations for going the<sup>
last</sup> of June intending to spend the 4<sup>th</sup> of July with her
friends in Gennessee County but was taken sick but got better about the time I
received your letter & Marcia was taken unwell & we feared she would
also have a spell of fever – but she got better in a few days & my wife was
again taken down <s>again </s>she is now much better & made preparations
for going this morning but a mere accident hindered her, which happened to the
Boat<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>that she intended to take passage
in – The Trunk has been packed for 4 or 5 weeks ready for the Journey & I
am in</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">hopes nothing will
hinder her going in 3 or 4 days ~</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I tho’t however I would sit down this
evening (4 O’clock) & write a few lines, for I have but little leisure in
the day time, for I am almost constantly occupied in my Office as Justice for
the Office I rent is central, in the lower story of the Banking-house – The
Cashier of the Bank is the Mayor of our City & does no justice business
& the other Magistrate is occupied in the Country Clerks Office &
wishes to do none so that I probably have 9/10 of the business - I pay no money
for my office rent for I hold an appointment of the Office of Notary Public
& I sign my name for Bank Protests for the rent they write all else
necessary - I should have paid you a visit at the opening of Navigation had I
continued to be employed in the Auditors Office but I found as I was situated
that it would not answer for me to leave long enough to pay you a visit, but I
intend to do so before the close of Navigation if health permit – Sandusky is
generally a healthy place but there is much more than common this season – My
health is good & has been since you saw me – I believe our friends are
generally well at New Haven - - - I was not aware that B<sup>r</sup>. Fillmore
was keeping money useless ready to assist me – I am Grateful that he feels a
disposition to render me assistance & I think I may be in need of it, but
not now, & I cannot tell at what time I may want his help, but I can let
him know two or three months before I shall want it – It is uncertain whether
the decree can be perfected this next Term of S. Court which is in August &
if not there can be no property be sold (except second</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">handed as it is
called) for another year – I intended to write but a few wards when I sat down
– I said I felt grateful for B<sup>r</sup>. Fillmore’s generous offer & I
said truly – I wish Mary felt a disposition to do me Justice – I have been
compelled to pay her Lawyers $46.00 unjustly for her collecting fees – besides
I let her have the last time I saw her a five Dollar gold piece in hopes she
would show me some favor & she said she would endorse it as interest on a
small note besides I paid her a demand I had at Buffalo of about $10.00 which B<sup>r</sup>.
Fillmore collected which she never gave me credit on the note I gave her &
I had to pay it again –<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>but no more of
this it will be disagreeable to you – it is to me & I wish hot to think of
it – I will now stop for the night & write no more for the present – Give
my best wishes to B<sup>r</sup>. Fillmore & tell your Father & Mother Fillmore
they may expect to see me at their house next fall & perhaps taste</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">of some of their
cheese if they have it – Give my love to Powers & Abigail & should be
glad to see them at Sandusky - - Marcia sends her love to all of you – My wife
may be at Buffalo nearly as soon as this letter –</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>From your Affectionate
Brother</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">M<sup>rs</sup> Abigail
Powers<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>David
Powers</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">P.S. I read the
Buffalo Patriot with more satisfaction because I receive it thro’ friendship</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 11;"> </span>D.P.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn235" name="_ednref235" style="mso-endnote-id: edn235;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ccxxxv]</span></b></span></span></span></a></i></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"></span></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Many of the letters in the Millard Fillmore Collection at
SUNY Oswego’s Penfield library were written by the children of Lemuel Powers to
their aunt Abigail (Powers) Fillmore. These letters have shed much light on the
family experience, and the even more telling in the various relatives’ relationship
and opinion of each other, especially in their opinions of David Powers and his
“new wife”, Mary Ann.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As Lemuel and his
children lived in Huron County, Ohio as did David, their lives were indelibly
entwined, and it is necessary to provide a background into their lives in order
to fully understand David and Mary Ann’s lives.<i><b> </b></i></span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><i><b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Next Week: Part 6 – Family Ties and the Cholera </span></b></i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div style="mso-element: endnote-list;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br clear="all" />
</span><br />
<hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn1" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref1" name="_edn1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">i]</span></span></span></span></a>
Amos H. Powers, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Powers Family </i>(Chicago:
Fergus Printing Company, 1884), 59</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn2" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref2" name="_edn2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Charles m. Snyder, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Lady and the
President, The Letters of Dorothea Dix & Millard Fillmore, </i>(Lexington:
University Press of Kentucky, 1975) 29</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn3" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref3" name="_edn3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Amos H. Powers, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Powers Family</i>,
[Chicago: Fergus Printing Company, 1884] 59, 102</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn4" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref4" name="_edn4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Joan Szablewski, “Letters of Administration,” <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Saratoga, </i>Vol II, No 1 [1985]; 20</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn5" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref5" name="_edn5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[v]</span></span></span></span></a>
Leslie L. Luther, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Moravia and Its Past, </i>[Indianapolis:
Frederick Luther Company, 1966]; 417</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn6" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref6" name="_edn6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[vi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Sherman Leland, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Leland Magazine or a
Genealogical Record of Henry Leland, and his Descendants, </i>[Boston; Self
Published, 1850]; 114</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn7" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref7" name="_edn7" style="mso-endnote-id: edn7;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[vii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Leland Magazine or a Genealogical
Record of Henry Leland, and his Descendants, </i>114</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn8" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref8" name="_edn8" style="mso-endnote-id: edn8;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[viii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Christmas Day, 1810 article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Democrat
Argus, </i>Auburn, NY, 25 December 1910, P 1, Col 1</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn9" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref9" name="_edn9" style="mso-endnote-id: edn9;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ix]</span></span></span></span></a>
Storke, Elliot G., <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The History of Cayuga
County, New York, 1789-1879, </i>[Syracuse: D. Mason & Co., 1879] 473</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn10" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref10" name="_edn10" style="mso-endnote-id: edn10;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[x]</span></span></span></span></a>
Christmas Day, 1810 article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Democrat
Argus, </i>Auburn, NY, 25 December 1910, P 1, Col 1</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn11" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref11" name="_edn11" style="mso-endnote-id: edn11;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Cyrus Powers household, 1820 U.S. Census, Sempronius, Cayuga County, New York,
P 84; National Archives microfilm publication M33_68</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn12" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref12" name="_edn12" style="mso-endnote-id: edn12;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Lydia Powers obituary, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Onondaga Register,
</i>Syracuse, NY, 23 May 1821, P 3, Col 3.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn13" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref13" name="_edn13" style="mso-endnote-id: edn13;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xiii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Kelloggsville Cemetery, RootsWeb.com online
[http://www.rootsweb.com/~nycayuga/cem/cem189.htm], accessed 19 Feb 2007</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn14" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref14" name="_edn14" style="mso-endnote-id: edn14;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xiv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Married article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Onondaga Register, </i>Syracuse,
NY, 15 Feb 1826, P 3, Col 2</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn15" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref15" name="_edn15" style="mso-endnote-id: edn15;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xv]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Leland Magazine or a Genealogical
Record of Henry Leland, and his Descendants, </i>113</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn16" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref16" name="_edn16" style="mso-endnote-id: edn16;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Cyrus Powers household, 1830 U.S. Census, Lansing, Tompkins County, New York, P
541, Line 10; National Archives microfilm publication roll 109.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn17" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref17" name="_edn17" style="mso-endnote-id: edn17;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Cyrus Powers household, 1840 U.S. Census, Niles, Cayuga County, New York, P 32,
Line 21; National Archives microfilm publication roll 269.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn18" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref18" name="_edn18" style="mso-endnote-id: edn18;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Leland Magazine or a Genealogical
Record of Henry Leland, and his Descendants, </i>113-114</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn19" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref19" name="_edn19" style="mso-endnote-id: edn19;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xix]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from Haven Powers [Kelloggsville, NY] to Abigail Fillmore, 21 May 1841;
held by Special Collections SUNY Oswego Library [Oswego, NY]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn20" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref20" name="_edn20" style="mso-endnote-id: edn20;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xx]</span></span></span></span></a>
Probate Hearing of Cyrus Powers article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Albany
Evening Journal, </i>Albany, NY, 1841</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn21" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref21" name="_edn21" style="mso-endnote-id: edn21;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxi]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn22" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref22" name="_edn22" style="mso-endnote-id: edn22;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Powers Family, </i>101</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn23" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref23" name="_edn23" style="mso-endnote-id: edn23;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Warren Powers obituary, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Winona Daily
Republican, </i>Winona, MN, 17 August 1865, P 3</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn24" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref24" name="_edn24" style="mso-endnote-id: edn24;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Matilda Judson Powers obituary, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Winona
Daily Republican, </i>Winona, MN, 7 November 1889, P 3</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn25" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref25" name="_edn25" style="mso-endnote-id: edn25;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Andrew W. Young, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of Chautauqua
County, New York, </i>[Buffalo: Printing House of Matthews & Warren, 1875];
442</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn26" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref26" name="_edn26" style="mso-endnote-id: edn26;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
History of Homeopathy Biographies, Sylvain Cazalet online
[http://homeoint.org/history/bio/l/lelandag.htm], accessed 19 Apr 2007</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn27" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref27" name="_edn27" style="mso-endnote-id: edn27;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
National Association of Railway Agents, “C.P. Leland,” <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Station Agent, </i>Vol XI, No 5 [Jul 1894]; 30</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn28" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref28" name="_edn28" style="mso-endnote-id: edn28;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of Chautauqua County, New York, </i>422</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn29" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref29" name="_edn29" style="mso-endnote-id: edn29;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxix]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Leland Magazine or a Genealogical
Record of Henry Leland, and his Descendants, </i>230</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn30" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref30" name="_edn30" style="mso-endnote-id: edn30;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxx]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Moravia and Its Past</i>, 182-186</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn31" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref31" name="_edn31" style="mso-endnote-id: edn31;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxxi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Storke, Elliot G., <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The History of Cayuga
County, New York, 1789-1879, </i>[Syracuse: D. Mason & Co., 1879]; 462</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn32" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref32" name="_edn32" style="mso-endnote-id: edn32;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxxii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Moravia and Its Past, </i>182-186</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn33" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref33" name="_edn33" style="mso-endnote-id: edn33;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Dr. Powers obituary, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Auburn News and
Bulletin, </i>Auburn, NY, 22 Mar 1880, P 1, Col 4</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn34" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref34" name="_edn34" style="mso-endnote-id: edn34;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Funeral of Dr. Cyrus Powers notice, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Evening
Auburnian, </i>Auburn, NY, 24 Mar 1880, P 1, Col 1</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn35" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref35" name="_edn35" style="mso-endnote-id: edn35;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxxv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Edmund Wheeler, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Croyden, N.H., 1866.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Proceedings at the Centennial Celebration, on
Wednesday, June 13, 1866, </i>[Claremont: Claremont Manufacturing Company,
1867]; 133</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn36" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref36" name="_edn36" style="mso-endnote-id: edn36;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxxvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Haven Powers household, 1850 U.S. Census, Milwaukee, Milwaukee County,
Wisconsin, P 357, Dwelling 1042, Family 1199; National Archives microfilm
publication M432_1003</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn37" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref37" name="_edn37" style="mso-endnote-id: edn37;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Powers Family, </i>102</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn38" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref38" name="_edn38" style="mso-endnote-id: edn38;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Probate Hearing of Cyrus Powers article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Albany
Evening Journal, </i>Albany, NY, 1841</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn39" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref39" name="_edn39" style="mso-endnote-id: edn39;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxxix]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from Warren Powers [Moravia, NY], to Abigail Fillmore, 16 December 1850;
held by Special Collections SUNY Oswego Library [Oswego, NY]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn40" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref40" name="_edn40" style="mso-endnote-id: edn40;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xl]</span></span></span></span></a>
Kelloggsville Cemetery, RootsWeb.com online
[http://www.rootsweb.com/~nycayuga/cem/cem189.htm], accessed 19 Feb 2007</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn41" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref41" name="_edn41" style="mso-endnote-id: edn41;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xli]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Powers Family, </i>59</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn42" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref42" name="_edn42" style="mso-endnote-id: edn42;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xlii]</span></span></span></span></a>
John J. Powers household, 1810 U.S. Census, Dryden, Cayuga County, New York, P
1099; National Archives microfilm publication M252_31.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn43" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref43" name="_edn43" style="mso-endnote-id: edn43;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xliii]</span></span></span></span></a>
John Powers household, 1820 U.S. Census, Sempronius, Cayuga County, New York, P
84; National Archives microfilm publication M33_68</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn44" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref44" name="_edn44" style="mso-endnote-id: edn44;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xliv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from David Powers [New Haven, OH] to Mary Powers, 24 Apr 1823; held by
Special Collections SUNY Oswego Library [Oswego, NY]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn45" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref45" name="_edn45" style="mso-endnote-id: edn45;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xlv]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Powers Family, </i>60</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn46" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref46" name="_edn46" style="mso-endnote-id: edn46;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xlvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The History of Cayuga County, New York,
1789-1879, </i>461</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn47" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref47" name="_edn47" style="mso-endnote-id: edn47;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xlvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Powers Family, </i>60</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn48" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref48" name="_edn48" style="mso-endnote-id: edn48;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xlviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from Abigail Fillmore [Buffalo, NY] to Erasmus Darwin Powers, 25 Apr
1839; held by Special Collections SUNY Oswego Library [Oswego, NY]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn49" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref49" name="_edn49" style="mso-endnote-id: edn49;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xlix]</span></span></span></span></a>
Royal N. Powers household, 1810 U.S. Census, Aurelius, Cayuga County, New York,
P 1178; National Archives microfilm publication M252_31</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn50" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref50" name="_edn50" style="mso-endnote-id: edn50;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[l]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Military Minutes of the Council of
Appointment of the State of New York, 1783-1821; </i>1146</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn51" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref51" name="_edn51" style="mso-endnote-id: edn51;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[li]</span></span></span></span></a>
Christmas Day, 1810 article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Democrat
Argus, </i>Auburn, NY 25 December 1910, P 1, Col 1</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn52" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref52" name="_edn52" style="mso-endnote-id: edn52;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lii]</span></span></span></span></a>
History of Freemasonry in Ohio From 1791 to 1912, Jeff Garringer online
[http://www.mastermason.com/NewHolland392/page12c.htm], accessed 22 Feb 2008</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn53" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref53" name="_edn53" style="mso-endnote-id: edn53;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[liii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Roster of Ohio Soldiers in War of 1812, ohiohistory.org online
[http://www.ohiohistory.org/onlinedoc/war1812/roster/1812/txt/page0097.txt],
accessed 5 Jun 2007</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn54" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref54" name="_edn54" style="mso-endnote-id: edn54;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[liv]</span></span></span></span></a><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </i>W.W. Williams, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of the Fire Lands, Comprising Huron and Erie Counties, Ohio, </i>[Cleveland:
Leander Printing Company, 1879]; 300</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn55" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref55" name="_edn55" style="mso-endnote-id: edn55;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lv]</span></span></span></span></a>
“Memoirs of Townships – New Haven,”; 9</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn56" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref56" name="_edn56" style="mso-endnote-id: edn56;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
History of Richland County, Allen L. Potts online
[http://www.heritagepursuit,com/Richland/RichlandIndex.htm], accessed 12 Feb
2008.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn57" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref57" name="_edn57" style="mso-endnote-id: edn57;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Mayburt Stephenson Riegel, compiler, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Early
Ohioans’ Residences from the Land Grant Records, </i>[Mansfield: The Ohio
Genealogical Society, 1976]; 49</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn58" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref58" name="_edn58" style="mso-endnote-id: edn58;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of The Fire Lands, Comprising
Huron and Erie Counties, Ohio, </i>309</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn59" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref59" name="_edn59" style="mso-endnote-id: edn59;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lix]</span></span></span></span></a>
Richland county, Ohio Court Records Deed 1814-1826, OH-Footsteps-D Digest
Volume 99; Issue 470, USGenWeb online
[http://files.usgenwarchives,net/oh/oh-footsteps/1999/july/V99-470.txt],
accessed 12 November 2009</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn60" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref60" name="_edn60" style="mso-endnote-id: edn60;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lx]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Books 1-2, Page 625, Family History Library
Film #396145, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn61" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref61" name="_edn61" style="mso-endnote-id: edn61;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Books 1-2, Page 614, Family History Library
Film #396145, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn62" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref62" name="_edn62" style="mso-endnote-id: edn62;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 3, Pages 355-356, Family History Library
Film #396146, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn63" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref63" name="_edn63" style="mso-endnote-id: edn63;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Volume 1-2; Page 645, Family History Library
Film #396145, Salt Lake City, UT.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn64" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref64" name="_edn64" style="mso-endnote-id: edn64;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Volume 1-2; Page 644, Family History Library
Film #396145, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn65" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref65" name="_edn65" style="mso-endnote-id: edn65;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Spanish 8 Reales, Milled and Pillar Dollars, The Coin Site online, [http://www.coinsite.com/content/faq/8RealesMilledPillar.asp],
accessed 7 September 2011</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn66" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref66" name="_edn66" style="mso-endnote-id: edn66;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
OHHURON-L Archives, Query “Re: [OHHURON-L] WILCOX” online [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/OHHURON/2002-02/1013348641],
accessed 7 September 2011</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn67" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref67" name="_edn67" style="mso-endnote-id: edn67;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Biographies, Ohio Genealogy Express online [http://www.ohiogenealogyexpress.com/huron/huronco_bios_w.htm],
accessed 7 September 2011</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn68" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref68" name="_edn68" style="mso-endnote-id: edn68;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
W.C. Allen, “An Account of the Murder of John Wood & George Bishop, in
1819, on the Peninsula, by Two Indians, & their Capture, Trial &
Execution,” <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Fire Lands Pioneer, </i>Vol
6 [June, 1865]; 43-52</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn69" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref69" name="_edn69" style="mso-endnote-id: edn69;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxix]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 4, Page 519, Family History Library Film
#396146, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn70" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref70" name="_edn70" style="mso-endnote-id: edn70;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxx]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 3, Page 169-170, Family History Library
Film # 396146, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn71" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref71" name="_edn71" style="mso-endnote-id: edn71;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 4, Page 478, Family History Library Film
#396146, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn72" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref72" name="_edn72" style="mso-endnote-id: edn72;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 2, Page 842, Huron County Clerk’s Office,
Norwalk, OH</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn73" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref73" name="_edn73" style="mso-endnote-id: edn73;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 11, Page 211, Family History Library Film
#396150, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn74" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref74" name="_edn74" style="mso-endnote-id: edn74;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 16, Page 539, Family History Library Film
#396153, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn75" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref75" name="_edn75" style="mso-endnote-id: edn75;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Royal N. Powers household, 1820 U.S. Census, Delaware, Delaware County, Ohio, P
178; National Archives microfilm publication M33_89</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn76" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref76" name="_edn76" style="mso-endnote-id: edn76;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 3, Page 189, Family History Library Film
#396143, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn77" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref77" name="_edn77" style="mso-endnote-id: edn77;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 3, Page 382, Family History Library Film
# 396146, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn78" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref78" name="_edn78" style="mso-endnote-id: edn78;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from Erasmus Darwin Powers [Lees Creek, AR] to Abigail Fillmore, 7 Feb
1841; held by Special Collections SUNY Oswego Penfield Library [Oswego, NY]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn79" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref79" name="_edn79" style="mso-endnote-id: edn79;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxix]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 4, Page 56, Family History Library Film
#396146, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn80" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref80" name="_edn80" style="mso-endnote-id: edn80;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxx]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 16, Page 708, Family History Library Film
#396153, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn81" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref81" name="_edn81" style="mso-endnote-id: edn81;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxxi]</span></span></span></span></a>
“Royal Powers [Dr.] expelled from Hiram Lodge, “ <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Hoosier Genealogist, </i>Vol 37, Issue 4 [December 1997];</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn82" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref82" name="_edn82" style="mso-endnote-id: edn82;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxxii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Delaware County, Ohio Biographies, online Ohio Genealogy Express [http://www.ohiogenealogyexpress.com/delaware/delco_bios_p.htm],
accessed 8 September 2011</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn83" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref83" name="_edn83" style="mso-endnote-id: edn83;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>
William Henry Perrin, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of Delaware
County and Ohio, </i>[Chicago: O.L. Baskin & Co., Historical Publishers,
1880]; 233</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn84" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref84" name="_edn84" style="mso-endnote-id: edn84;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Riding the rail definition, online Wikipedia [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riding_the_rail],
accessed 8 September 2011</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn85" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref85" name="_edn85" style="mso-endnote-id: edn85;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxxv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from David Powers [New Haven, OH] to Mary Powers [Sempronius, NY], 24
Apr 1823; held by Special Collections SUNY Oswego Penfield Library [Oswego, NY]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn86" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref86" name="_edn86" style="mso-endnote-id: edn86;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxxvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 4: Page 152, Huron County Clerk’s Office,
Norwalk, OH.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn87" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref87" name="_edn87" style="mso-endnote-id: edn87;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Directory of American Tool and Machinery Parts, Old Wood Working Machines
online [http://www.datamp.org/index.php], accessed 28 Apr 2009</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn88" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref88" name="_edn88" style="mso-endnote-id: edn88;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from Royal N. Powers [Cincinnati, OH] to Abigail Powers [Lisle, NY] 8
Feb 1824, in the Collection of SUNY Oswego Penfield Library [Oswego, NY]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn89" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref89" name="_edn89" style="mso-endnote-id: edn89;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxxix]</span></span></span></span></a>
Notice of absent debtor, Royal N. Powers, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sandusky
Clarion, </i>Sandusky, OH, 11 Jun 1825, P 1, Col 2.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn90" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref90" name="_edn90" style="mso-endnote-id: edn90;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xc]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from Mary Powers [Sempronius, NY] to Abigail Fillmore [Willink, NY] 16
Apr 1826, held by Special Collections SUNY Oswego Penfield Library [Oswego, NY]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn91" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref91" name="_edn91" style="mso-endnote-id: edn91;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xci]</span></span></span></span></a>
Sheriff’s Sale notice, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Sandusky
Clarion, </i>Sandusky, OH, 23 December 1826, P 3, Col 5</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn92" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref92" name="_edn92" style="mso-endnote-id: edn92;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xcii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from Erasmus Darwin Powers [Van Buren, AR] to Abigail Fillmore, 8 August
1841; held by Special Collections SUNY Oswego Penfield Library [Oswego, NY]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn93" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref93" name="_edn93" style="mso-endnote-id: edn93;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xciii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Samuel Johnson, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Johnson’s Dictionary
Improved by Todd, Abridged For the Use of Schools; with the addition of
Walker’s Pronunciation; an abstract of his Principles of English Pronunciation,
with Questions: a vocabulary of Greek, Latin, and Scripture Proper Names; and
an Appendix of Americanisms, </i>[Boston: Charles J, Hendee, 1836]; 200</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn94" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref94" name="_edn94" style="mso-endnote-id: edn94;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xciv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Editors of the American Heritage Dictionaries, editor, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The American Heritage Medical Dictionary, </i>[Boston: Houghton
Mifflin; 2007]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn95" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref95" name="_edn95" style="mso-endnote-id: edn95;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xcv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Family: Royal Newland Powers + Frances Bottom, D. Stussy online
[http://www.snarked.org/~kd6lvw/genealogy/data/f4032.html], accessed 2 October
2008</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn96" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref96" name="_edn96" style="mso-endnote-id: edn96;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xcvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from Lemuel Powers [Paris, OH] to Millard Fillmore [Willinek, NY] 5 November
1828; held by Special Collections SUNY Oswego Penfield Library [Oswego, NY] </span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn97" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref97" name="_edn97" style="mso-endnote-id: edn97;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xcvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from Lemuel Powers [Paris, OH] to Abigail Fillmore [Buffalo, NY] 15 Feb
1831; held by Special Collections SUNY Oswego Penfield Library [Oswego, NY]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn98" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref98" name="_edn98" style="mso-endnote-id: edn98;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xcviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Powers Family, </i>60</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn99" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref99" name="_edn99" style="mso-endnote-id: edn99;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xcix]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The History of Cayuga County, New York,
1789-1879, </i>461</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn100" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref100" name="_edn100" style="mso-endnote-id: edn100;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[c]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Powers Family, </i>60</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn101" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref101" name="_edn101" style="mso-endnote-id: edn101;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ci]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The History of Cayuga County, New York,
1789-1879, </i>504</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn102" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref102" name="_edn102" style="mso-endnote-id: edn102;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Military Minutes of the Council of
Appointment of the State of New York, 1783-1821, </i>1592</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn103" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref103" name="_edn103" style="mso-endnote-id: edn103;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ciii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 3; Page 458, Huron County Court House,
Norwalk, OH</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn104" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref104" name="_edn104" style="mso-endnote-id: edn104;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[civ]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from David Powers [New Haven, OH] to Abigail Powers, 12 December 1817;
held by Special Collections SUNY Oswego Penfield Library [Oswego, NY]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn105" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref105" name="_edn105" style="mso-endnote-id: edn105;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cv]</span></span></span></span></a>
New Holland Lodge No. 392 online [http://www.mastermason.com/Newholland392/],
accessed 8 Mar 2010</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn106" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref106" name="_edn106" style="mso-endnote-id: edn106;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 11: Page 211, Family History Library Film
#396150, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn107" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref107" name="_edn107" style="mso-endnote-id: edn107;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Lemuel Powers household, 1820 U.S. Census, New Haven, Huron County, Ohio, p
73A; National Archives microfilm publication M33_88</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn108" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref108" name="_edn108" style="mso-endnote-id: edn108;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Notice, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Sandusky Clarion</i>,
Sandusky, OH, 26 Jun 1822, P 3, Col 3</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn109" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref109" name="_edn109" style="mso-endnote-id: edn109;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cix]</span></span></span></span></a>
Independence Day article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Sandusky
Clarion, </i>Sandusky, OH, 10 Jul 1822, P 2, Col 2</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn110" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref110" name="_edn110" style="mso-endnote-id: edn110;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cx]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 3: Page 458, Family History Library Film
#396146, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn111" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref111" name="_edn111" style="mso-endnote-id: edn111;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 5: Page 132, Family History Library Film
#396147, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn112" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref112" name="_edn112" style="mso-endnote-id: edn112;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 3: Page 704, Family History Library Film
396146, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn113" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref113" name="_edn113" style="mso-endnote-id: edn113;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>
List of Letters Remaining in the New Haven Post Office, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Sandusky Clarion, </i>Sandusky, OH, 15 October 1823, P 3, Col 3.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn114" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref114" name="_edn114" style="mso-endnote-id: edn114;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 4: P 124, Family History Library Film
#396146, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn115" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref115" name="_edn115" style="mso-endnote-id: edn115;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Advertisement, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mansfield Gazette, </i>Mansfield,
OH 18 Mar 1824, P 3</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn116" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref116" name="_edn116" style="mso-endnote-id: edn116;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 4; P 475, Family History Library Film
#396146, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn117" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref117" name="_edn117" style="mso-endnote-id: edn117;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Public Auction article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Sandusky
Clarion, </i>Sandusky, OH, 14 Mar 1825, P 1, Col 4</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn118" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref118" name="_edn118" style="mso-endnote-id: edn118;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 4: Page 362, Family History Library Film
#396146, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn119" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref119" name="_edn119" style="mso-endnote-id: edn119;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxix]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 4: Page 362, Family History Library Film
#396146, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn120" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref120" name="_edn120" style="mso-endnote-id: edn120;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxx]</span></span></span></span></a>
History of Richland County, Allen L. Potts online
[http://www.heritagepursuit.com/Richland/RichlandIndex.htm], accessed 12 Feb
2008</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn121" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref121" name="_edn121" style="mso-endnote-id: edn121;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxxi]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid.</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn122" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref122" name="_edn122" style="mso-endnote-id: edn122;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxxii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of the Fire Lands, Comprising
Huron and Erie Counties, Ohio</i>, 303</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn123" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref123" name="_edn123" style="mso-endnote-id: edn123;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 4: P 703, Family History Library Film
#396146, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn124" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref124" name="_edn124" style="mso-endnote-id: edn124;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 5: P 40, Family History Library Film #396147,
Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn125" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref125" name="_edn125" style="mso-endnote-id: edn125;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxxv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 5: P 49, Family History Library Film
#396147, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn126" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref126" name="_edn126" style="mso-endnote-id: edn126;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxxvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 5: P 183, Family History Library Film
#396147, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn127" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref127" name="_edn127" style="mso-endnote-id: edn127;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
List of regularly practicing physicians and surgeons, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Norwalk Reporter & Huron Advertiser, </i>Norwalk, OH, 2 Jun 1827, P
2, Col 3</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn128" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref128" name="_edn128" style="mso-endnote-id: edn128;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 5: P 112, Family History Library Film
#396147, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn129" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref129" name="_edn129" style="mso-endnote-id: edn129;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxxix]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 5: P 131, Family History Library Film
#396147, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn130" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref130" name="_edn130" style="mso-endnote-id: edn130;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxxx]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 5: P 181, Family History Library Film
#396147, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn131" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref131" name="_edn131" style="mso-endnote-id: edn131;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxxxi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 5: P 182, Family History Library Film
#396147, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn132" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref132" name="_edn132" style="mso-endnote-id: edn132;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxxxii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 5: P 462, Family History Library Film
#396147, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn133" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref133" name="_edn133" style="mso-endnote-id: edn133;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 6, P 22, Family History Library Film
#396147, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn134" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref134" name="_edn134" style="mso-endnote-id: edn134;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxxxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from Lemuel Powers [Paris, OH] to Millard Fillmore [Willinek, NY] 5 November
1828; held by Special Collection SUNY Oswego Penfield Library [Oswego, NY]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn135" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref135" name="_edn135" style="mso-endnote-id: edn135;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxxxv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 6: P 279, Family History Library film
#396147, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn136" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref136" name="_edn136" style="mso-endnote-id: edn136;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxxxvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 6: P 302, Family History Library film
#396147, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn137" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref137" name="_edn137" style="mso-endnote-id: edn137;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxxxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Lemuel Powers household, 1830 U.S. Census, New Haven, Huron County, Ohio, P
390, Family 25; National Archives microfilm publication M19_133</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn138" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref138" name="_edn138" style="mso-endnote-id: edn138;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxxxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of The Fire Lands, comprising
Huron and Erie Counties, Ohio, </i>46</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn139" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref139" name="_edn139" style="mso-endnote-id: edn139;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxxxix]</span></span></span></span></a>
Elections article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Huron Reflector, </i>Norwalk,
OH, 25 September 1832, P 2, Col 6</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn140" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref140" name="_edn140" style="mso-endnote-id: edn140;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxl]</span></span></span></span></a>
Lemuel Powers obituary, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Huron Weekly
Reflector, </i>Norwalk, OH, 7 Apr 1835, P 2, Col. 5</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn141" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref141" name="_edn141" style="mso-endnote-id: edn141;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxli]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from Louisa Powers [Plymouth, OH] to Abigail Fillmore, 5 May 1835; held
by Special Collections SUNGY Oswego Penfield Library [Oswego, NY]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn142" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref142" name="_edn142" style="mso-endnote-id: edn142;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxlii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Eliza Carpenter obituary, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mansfield News,
</i>Mansfield, OH, 18 September 1909, P 9, Col 2.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn143" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref143" name="_edn143" style="mso-endnote-id: edn143;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxliii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Januaryuarye S. Powers household, 1850 U.S. Census, New Haven, Huron County,
Ohio, P 189, Dwelling 2606, Family 2658; National Archives microfilm
publication M432_697.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn144" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref144" name="_edn144" style="mso-endnote-id: edn144;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxliv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Elnathan Corrington Gavitt, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Crumbs from
My Saddle Bags; or, Reminiscences of Pioneer Life and Biographical Sketches, </i>(Toledo:
Blade Printing & Paper Co., 1884) p 108-110</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn145" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref145" name="_edn145" style="mso-endnote-id: edn145;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxlv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Anonymous, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Cemetery Inscriptions of
Ottawa County, Ohio</i>, (Port Clinton: Ottawa County Historical Society,
1976), p 84.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn146" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref146" name="_edn146" style="mso-endnote-id: edn146;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxlvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Ohio, County Marriages, 1790-1950, digital images, from FamilySearch Internet (<a href="http://www.familysearch.org/">www.familysearch.org</a>), Reference Number:
it 1, p 62, Film Number: 2069268, Digital Folder Number: 4254643, Image Number
45</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn147" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref147" name="_edn147" style="mso-endnote-id: edn147;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxlvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Cyrus S. Carpenter household, 1860 U.S. Federal Census, Erie, Ottawa County,
Ohio, P 71, Dwelling 544, Family 544, National Archives microfilm publication
M653</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn148" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref148" name="_edn148" style="mso-endnote-id: edn148;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxlviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Sirus S. Carpenter household, 1850 U.S. Census, Marseilles, Wyandot County, Ohio,
P 711, Dwelling 44, Family 1870, National Archives microfilm publication
M432_741</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn149" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref149" name="_edn149" style="mso-endnote-id: edn149;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxlix]</span></span></span></span></a>
Alvira Hunter household, 1860 U.S. Census, Marseilles, Wyandot County, Ohio, P
495, Dwelling 583, Family 594, National Archives microfilm publication
M653-1054</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn150" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref150" name="_edn150" style="mso-endnote-id: edn150;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cl]</span></span></span></span></a>
Elvira Hunter household, 1870 U.S. Census, Marseilles, Wyandot County, Ohio, P
4, Dwelling 29, Family 28, National Archives microfilm publication M593_1284</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn151" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref151" name="_edn151" style="mso-endnote-id: edn151;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cli]</span></span></span></span></a>
Reese Hunter obituary, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Star, </i>Marion,
Ohio, 29 May 1831, Page 2, Col 4.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn152" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref152" name="_edn152" style="mso-endnote-id: edn152;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Cyrus S. Carpenter household, 1860 U.S. Census, Erie, Ottawa County, Ohio, P.
71, Dwelling 544, Family 544, National Archives microfilm publication M653_1021</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn153" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref153" name="_edn153" style="mso-endnote-id: edn153;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cliii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Caroline Carpenter household, 1870 U.S. Census, Erie, Ottawa County, Ohio, P.
3, Dwelling 23, Family 21, National Archives microfilm publication M593_1253</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn154" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref154" name="_edn154" style="mso-endnote-id: edn154;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cliv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Dimius Depew household, 1880 U.S. Census, Carroll, Ottawa County, Ohio, P. 32,
Dwelling 227, Family 243, National Archives microfilm publication roll 1056</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn155" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref155" name="_edn155" style="mso-endnote-id: edn155;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clv]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Cemetery Inscriptions of Ottawa County,
Ohio, ibid.</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn156" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref156" name="_edn156" style="mso-endnote-id: edn156;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Avery [Family] GEDCOM, Cheryl Sherill [dyasha@hotmail.com] online
[http://awt.ancestry.com/], accessed 26 Jun 2007</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn157" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref157" name="_edn157" style="mso-endnote-id: edn157;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County Chapter of the Ohio Genealogical Society, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Huron County, Ohio Cemetery Inscriptions, </i>(Norwalk; Huron County
Chapter of the Ohio Genealogical Society, 1997) p. 394</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn158" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref158" name="_edn158" style="mso-endnote-id: edn158;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Januaryuarye S. Powers probate file, Richland County filed no. 2000, Richland
County Court of Common Pleas, Probate Division, Mansfield, Richland County,
Ohio</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn159" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref159" name="_edn159" style="mso-endnote-id: edn159;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clix]</span></span></span></span></a>
Leslie L. Luther, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Moravia and Its Past, </i>(Indianapolis:
Frederick Luther Company, 1966) Chapter XIV</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn160" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref160" name="_edn160" style="mso-endnote-id: edn160;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clx]</span></span></span></span></a>
Family Register Pages from the Coe Family Bible</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn161" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref161" name="_edn161" style="mso-endnote-id: edn161;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxi]</span></span></span></span></a>
David Powers household, 1810 U.S. Census, Brutus, Cayuga County, New York, P
1128, National Archives microfilm publication M252_31</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn162" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref162" name="_edn162" style="mso-endnote-id: edn162;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn163" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref163" name="_edn163" style="mso-endnote-id: edn163;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Abigail Powers household, 1810 U.S. Census, Brutus, Cayuga County, New York, P
1128, National Archives microfilm publication M252_31</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn164" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref164" name="_edn164" style="mso-endnote-id: edn164;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Family Register Pages from the Coe Family Bible</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn165" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref165" name="_edn165" style="mso-endnote-id: edn165;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxv]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of the Fire Lands, Comprising
Huron and Erie Counties, Ohio, </i>300</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn166" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref166" name="_edn166" style="mso-endnote-id: edn166;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid. 301</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn167" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref167" name="_edn167" style="mso-endnote-id: edn167;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
A.G. Stewart, Esq., “Memoirs of Townships – New Haven,”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
Fire Lands Pioneer </i>[March, 1859], 7-16</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn168" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref168" name="_edn168" style="mso-endnote-id: edn168;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn169" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref169" name="_edn169" style="mso-endnote-id: edn169;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxix]</span></span></span></span></a>
“Interesting and Valuable Papers”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
Fire Lands Pioneer, </i>New Series Vol XI [October 1808]; 257-316</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn170" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref170" name="_edn170" style="mso-endnote-id: edn170;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxx]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County Ohio Deed Records, Book 3, P 458, Huron County Clerk’s Office,
Norwalk, OH</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn171" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref171" name="_edn171" style="mso-endnote-id: edn171;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxxi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County Ohio Deed Records, Book 1; P 552, Huron County Clerk’s Office,
Norwalk, OH</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn172" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref172" name="_edn172" style="mso-endnote-id: edn172;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxxii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County Ohio Deed Records, Book 1, P 553, Huron County Clerk’s Office,
Norwalk, OH</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn173" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref173" name="_edn173" style="mso-endnote-id: edn173;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>
“Official Records of the Firelands”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
Fire Lands Pioneer, </i>[Mar 1860}, 21-25</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn174" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref174" name="_edn174" style="mso-endnote-id: edn174;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County Ohio Mortgage Records, Book 1; P 62, Huron County Clerk’s Office,
Norwalk, OH</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn175" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref175" name="_edn175" style="mso-endnote-id: edn175;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxxv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County Ohio Deed Records, Book 2, Page 14, Huron County Clerk’s Office,
Norwalk, OH</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn176" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref176" name="_edn176" style="mso-endnote-id: edn176;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxxvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County Ohio Deed Records, Book 3, P 647, Huron County Clerk’s Office,
Norwalk, OH</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn177" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref177" name="_edn177" style="mso-endnote-id: edn177;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County Ohio Deed Records, Book 2, P 13, Huron County Clerk’s Office,
Norwalk, OH</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn178" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref178" name="_edn178" style="mso-endnote-id: edn178;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County Ohio Deed Records, Book 2, P 91, Huron County Clerk’s Office,
Norwalk, OH</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn179" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref179" name="_edn179" style="mso-endnote-id: edn179;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxxix]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County Ohio Deed Records, Book 2, P 90, Huron County Clerk’s Office,
Norwalk, OH</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn180" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref180" name="_edn180" style="mso-endnote-id: edn180;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxxx]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County Ohio Deed Records, Book 2, P 92, Huron County Clerk’s Office, Norwalk,
OH</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn181" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref181" name="_edn181" style="mso-endnote-id: edn181;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxxxi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County Ohio Tax Record, 1816-1838, Ohio Historical Society, Columbus, FHL
microfilm, Family History Library, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn182" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref182" name="_edn182" style="mso-endnote-id: edn182;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxxxii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County Ohio Deed Records, Book 2, P 479, Family History Library Film
#396145, Salt Lake City, UT.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn183" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref183" name="_edn183" style="mso-endnote-id: edn183;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from David Powers [New Haven, OH] to Abigail Powers, 12 December 1817;
held by Special Collections, Penfield Library SUNY Oswego [Oswego, NY]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn184" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref184" name="_edn184" style="mso-endnote-id: edn184;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxxxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County Ohio Deed Records, Book 2, P 328, Huron County Clerk’s Office,
Norwalk, OH</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn185" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref185" name="_edn185" style="mso-endnote-id: edn185;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxxxv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County Ohio Deed Records, Book 2, P 596-597, Family History Library Film
# 396145, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn186" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref186" name="_edn186" style="mso-endnote-id: edn186;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxxxvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County Ohio Deed Records, Book 2, P 596, Family History Library Film #
396145, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn187" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref187" name="_edn187" style="mso-endnote-id: edn187;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxxxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County Ohio Deed Records, Book 2, P 590, Huron County Clerk’s Office,
Norwalk, OH</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn188" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref188" name="_edn188" style="mso-endnote-id: edn188;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxxxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County Ohio Appearance Docket, February Term 1819; P 35, Family History
Library Film # 1299117, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn189" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref189" name="_edn189" style="mso-endnote-id: edn189;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[clxxxix]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County Ohio Appearance Docket, February Term 1819, P 31, Family History
Library Film # 1299117, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn190" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref190" name="_edn190" style="mso-endnote-id: edn190;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxc]</span></span></span></span></a>
New Holland Lodge No. 392 online [http://www.mastermason.com/Newholland392/],
accessed 8 Mar 2010</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn191" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref191" name="_edn191" style="mso-endnote-id: edn191;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxci]</span></span></span></span></a>
Elliot G. Storke, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of Cayuga
County, New York: with illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its
prominent men and pioneers, </i>(Syracuse: D. Mason, 1879) 504</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn192" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref192" name="_edn192" style="mso-endnote-id: edn192;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxcii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Mrs. Elroy M. Avery, editor, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The American
Monthly Magazine, </i>Vol XXVII (July-December 1905), Washington D.C.; 667-668</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn193" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref193" name="_edn193" style="mso-endnote-id: edn193;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxciii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Interesting and Valuable Papers, </i>257-316</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn194" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref194" name="_edn194" style="mso-endnote-id: edn194;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxciv]</span></span></span></span></a>
New Haven Township, Huron County, Ohio, USGenWeb, OH, Huron County online</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn195" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref195" name="_edn195" style="mso-endnote-id: edn195;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxcv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Martin Kellogg household, 1820 U.S. Census, new Haven, Huron County, Ohio, p
74; National Archives microfilm publication M33_88.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn196" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref196" name="_edn196" style="mso-endnote-id: edn196;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxcvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The American Monthly Magazine, </i>Vol
XXVII</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn197" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref197" name="_edn197" style="mso-endnote-id: edn197;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxcvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Hadley K. Rood, “Masonic Lodge Listed 1821-1828 Members and Visitors”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Fire Lands Pioneer, </i>Third Series
Volume XI [1993] 9-10</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn198" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref198" name="_edn198" style="mso-endnote-id: edn198;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxcviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Henry Barney entry, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">International
Genealogical Index [IGI], [</i>Salt Lake City; Family History Library]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn199" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref199" name="_edn199" style="mso-endnote-id: edn199;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cxcix]</span></span></span></span></a>
Henry Barney household, 1810 U.S. Census, Genoa, Cayuga County, New York, P
1269; National Archives microfilm publication M252_31</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn200" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref200" name="_edn200" style="mso-endnote-id: edn200;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cc]</span></span></span></span></a>
New Haven Township, Huron County, Ohio, USGenWeb, OH, Huron County online</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn201" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref201" name="_edn201" style="mso-endnote-id: edn201;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cci]</span></span></span></span></a>
“Interesting and Valuable Papers” 257-316</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn202" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref202" name="_edn202" style="mso-endnote-id: edn202;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccii]</span></span></span></span></a>
New Haven Township, Huron County, Ohio, USGenWeb, OH, Huron County online</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn203" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref203" name="_edn203" style="mso-endnote-id: edn203;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cciii]</span></span></span></span></a>
New Holland Lodge No. 392 online</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn204" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref204" name="_edn204" style="mso-endnote-id: edn204;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cciv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Henry Barney household, 1820 U.S. Census, New Haven, Huron County, Ohio, P 74,
Line 60, National Archives microfilm publication M33_88.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn205" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref205" name="_edn205" style="mso-endnote-id: edn205;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Hadley K. Rood, “Masonic Lodge Listed 1821-1828 Members and Visitors”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Fire Lands Pioneer, </i>Third Series,
Vol XI [1993]; 9-10</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn206" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref206" name="_edn206" style="mso-endnote-id: edn206;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letters Remaining in the New Haven Post Office article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Sandusky Clarion, </i>Sandusky, OH, 15 October 1823, P 3, Col 3</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn207" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref207" name="_edn207" style="mso-endnote-id: edn207;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Common Pleas Appearance Docket, August Term 1824; Page 18,
FHL Film #129117, Salt Lake City, UT; 18</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn208" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref208" name="_edn208" style="mso-endnote-id: edn208;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Notice, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sandusky Clarion</i>, Sandusky,
OH, 4 Mar 1826</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn209" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref209" name="_edn209" style="mso-endnote-id: edn209;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccix]</span></span></span></span></a>
“Official Records of the Firelands”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
Fire Lands Pioneer</i> [Mar 1860]; 21-25</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn210" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref210" name="_edn210" style="mso-endnote-id: edn210;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccx]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn211" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref211" name="_edn211" style="mso-endnote-id: edn211;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccxi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Appearance Docket, February 1820 Term: P 163, FHL Film #
1299117, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn212" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref212" name="_edn212" style="mso-endnote-id: edn212;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccxii]</span></span></span></span></a>
David Powers household, 1820 U.S. Census, New Haven, Huron County, Ohio, P 73A;
National Archives microfilm publication M33_88.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn213" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref213" name="_edn213" style="mso-endnote-id: edn213;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Lemuel Powers household, 1820 U.S. Census, New Haven, Huron County, Ohio, P
73A; National Archives microfilm publication M33_88</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn214" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref214" name="_edn214" style="mso-endnote-id: edn214;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Royal N. Powers household, 1820 U.S. Census, Delaware, Delaware County, Ohio, P
178; National Archives microfilm publication M33_89</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn215" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref215" name="_edn215" style="mso-endnote-id: edn215;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccxv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from David Powers [New Haven, OH] to Mary Powers [Sempronius, NY] 24 Apr
1823; held by Special Collections, Penfield Library SUNY Oswego [Oswego, NY]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn216" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref216" name="_edn216" style="mso-endnote-id: edn216;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccxvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from Lemuel Powers [Paris, OH] to Millard and Abigail Fillmore [Buffalo,
NY] 10 Jul 1832; held by Special Collections, Penfield Library SUNY Oswego
[Oswego, NY]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn217" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref217" name="_edn217" style="mso-endnote-id: edn217;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Advertisement, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Huron Reflector, </i>New
Haven, Ohio, 3 September 1833</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn218" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref218" name="_edn218" style="mso-endnote-id: edn218;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County Ohio Appearance Court Docket, Book 1; P 268, Family History Center
film # 129918, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn219" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref219" name="_edn219" style="mso-endnote-id: edn219;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccxix]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County Ohio Appearance Court Docket, Book 1; P 317, Family History Center
film # 129918, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn220" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref220" name="_edn220" style="mso-endnote-id: edn220;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccxx]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of the Fire Lands, Comprising
Huron and Erie Counties, Ohio; </i>114-115</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn221" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref221" name="_edn221" style="mso-endnote-id: edn221;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccxxi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 9, Page 248, Huron County Clerk’s Office,
Norwalk, OH</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn222" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref222" name="_edn222" style="mso-endnote-id: edn222;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccxxii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Sheriff Sale Notice, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Huron Reflector, </i>Norwalk,
OH, 5 May 1835</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn223" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref223" name="_edn223" style="mso-endnote-id: edn223;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Advertisement, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Huron Reflector, </i>Norwalk,
OH, 25 August 1835, P 4, Col 1</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn224" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref224" name="_edn224" style="mso-endnote-id: edn224;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccxxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from Julia Powers Dubois [Plymouth, OH] to Abigail Fillmore, 9 Feb 1836;
held by Special Collections, Penfield Library, SUNY Oswego [Oswego, NY]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn225" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref225" name="_edn225" style="mso-endnote-id: edn225;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccxxv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from David Powers [New Haven, OH] to Abigail and Millard Fillmore
[Buffalo, NY] 15 November 1835; held by Special Collections, Penfield Library
SUNY Oswego [Oswego, NY]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn226" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref226" name="_edn226" style="mso-endnote-id: edn226;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccxxvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Richard Eddy, D.D., <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Universalism in
America.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A History,</i> Vol. II
1801-1886. [Boston: Universalist Publishing House, 1886]; 165</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn227" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref227" name="_edn227" style="mso-endnote-id: edn227;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccxxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of the Fire Lands, Comprising
Huron and Erie Counties, Ohio; </i>119</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn228" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref228" name="_edn228" style="mso-endnote-id: edn228;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccxxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from David Powers [New Haven, OH] to Millard Fillmore [Buffalo, NY] 6
Jun 1837; held by Special Collections, Penfield Library SUNY Oswego [Oswego,
NY]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn229" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref229" name="_edn229" style="mso-endnote-id: edn229;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccxxix]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from David Powers [Sandusky, OH] to Mary Powers 1 November 1840; held by
Special Collections, Penfield Library SUNY Oswego [Oswego, NY]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn230" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref230" name="_edn230" style="mso-endnote-id: edn230;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccxxx]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from David Powers [Sandusky, OH] to Mary Powers [Buffalo, NY] 23 November
1840; held by Special Collections, Penfield Library SUNY Oswego [Oswego, NY]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn231" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref231" name="_edn231" style="mso-endnote-id: edn231;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccxxxi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from David Powers [Norwalk, OH] to Millard Fillmore [Washington, DC] 5 Januaryuary
1841; held by Special Collections, Penfield Library SUNY Oswego [Oswego, NY]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn232" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref232" name="_edn232" style="mso-endnote-id: edn232;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccxxxii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from David Powers [Sandusky, OH] to Millard Fillmore [Washington, DC] 4
Feb 1841; held by Special Collections, Penfield Library SUNY Oswego [Oswego,
NY]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn233" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref233" name="_edn233" style="mso-endnote-id: edn233;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccxxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from David Powers [Sandusky, OH] to Millard Fillmore [Washington, DC] 8
May 1842; held by Special Collections, Penfield Library SUNY Oswego [Oswego,
NY]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn234" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref234" name="_edn234" style="mso-endnote-id: edn234;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccxxxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from David Powers [Sandusky, OH] to Abigail Fillmore [Buffalo, NY] 5 December
1844; held by Special Collections, Penfield Library SUNY Oswego [Oswego, NY]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn235" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref235" name="_edn235" style="mso-endnote-id: edn235;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ccxxxv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from David Powers [Sandusky, OH] to Abigail Fillmore [Buffalo, NY] 29
Jul 1845; held by Special Collections, Penfield Library SUNY Oswego [Oswego,
NY]</span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></div>
Susan Hugheshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06412744821381463346noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3285100268676605169.post-31700977227563842972015-06-19T15:08:00.001-04:002015-06-26T09:52:46.779-04:00Running Barefoot–The Mary Ann Coe Story (Part 4) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i>By Nancy Maliwesky</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i>Retired Director, APHGA </i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-3br09P8KxC8/VYRl-DLUevI/AAAAAAAAANQ/Kw0r74RcTDY/s1600/Norwalk1859%2BLOC%2Bmap.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" height="385" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-3br09P8KxC8/VYRl-DLUevI/AAAAAAAAANQ/Kw0r74RcTDY/s400/Norwalk1859%2BLOC%2Bmap.jpg" title="Map of Hurong County, OH 1859 LOC" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Map of Huron County, OH 1859. Library of Congress</span>.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><i>Editor's Note: </i></b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div class="MsoBodyText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Readers of our blog
may recall the November 2011 post about Nancy Maliwesky’s research into the
elusive story of Mary Ann Coe Pomeroy. You can read (or reread) it </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2011/11/was-mary-ann-coe-pomeroy-in-le-roy-ny.html" target="_blank">here.</a> Nancy completed the draft of a publication prior to her retirement,
although there remain unanswered questions about parts of Mary Ann’s life
story. Hoping our readers may be able to help fill in some of these gaps, we’re
presenting Running Barefoot as a weekly series. We welcome your comments and
suggestions! Please feel free to share this blog with others who may be
interested. </i></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> – Susan Hughes, Director, APHGA</i></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2015/05/running-barefootthe-mary-ann-coe-story.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>Missed Part 1? Click here.</b></span></a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2015/06/running-barefootthe-mary-ann-coe-story_5.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>Missed Part 2? Click here.</b></span></a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2015/06/running-barefootthe-mary-ann-coe-story_12.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>Missed Part 3? Click here.</b></span></a></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Mary Ann and Benjamin Junkins</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Benjamin Junkins, believed to be a
son of Benjamin Junkins, was born about 1795, possibly in Pennsylvania.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He had at least 3 brothers, Adam, born abt
1790 in PA, and Joseph and Matthew W. Junkins.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>A cabinetmaker by trade, Benjamin settled in Norwalk, OH by 15 September
1823, when he purchased the front half of lot 26, from Daniel and Nancy Tilden
of Norwalk, for $75.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Witnesses were M.
W. Junkins and Samuel Preston<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[i]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Prior to settling in Norwalk, Benjamin had
lived in Cadiz, Harrison County, Ohio, where he had purchased land on lot 142
with his brother Adam from Adam Snider for $600, on 9 Nov 1822<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ii]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 14 May 1823, Benjamin and Adam appear to
swap land, Adam buying Benjamin’s share of lot 142 “in the Arnold Addition” for
$170<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[iii]</span></span></span></span>, and
Benjamin purchasing 50 acres in the northwest quarter of section 11, township
10, range 4, from his brother Adam and his wife Actia for $200<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His brother Adam was also a cabinetmaker.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 5 Apr 1824, Benjamin appeared in
the poll book in Norwalk, as an elector<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[v]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That same year he made a chest of drawers for
Esther (Taylor) Preston, the wife of Samuel Preston<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[vi]</span></span></span></span>, which,
according to Henry Timman, was sold at public auction in Norwalk in September
1976.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1825 Benjamin sold the 50 acres
in the northwest quarter of section 11, township 10, range 4, to his brother
Adam for $200, apparently deciding to stay in Norwalk<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[vii]</span></span></span></span>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In 1826, Benjamin was taxed $4.15
on real estate he owned on the north half of lot 26 in Norwalk, which, with
buildings, was valued at $300.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Taxes
included state and canal tax, county tax, road tax, and school tax. He was also
taxed 54<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">¢</span>, for a horse,
considered personal property<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[viii]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Benjamin appears in the 1827 Census of Ohio
in Norwalk<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ix]</span></span></span></span> and was
taxed $3.75 on the north half of lot 26, still valued at $300.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A notice appeared in the Norwalk
Reporter on 21 Apr 1827, of letters remaining in the Post Office of Norwalk, as
of the 31<sup>st</sup> day of March of that year.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This notice includes reference to a “Sally
Pomeroy”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We wonder if this was a letter
sent to Mary Ann (Coe) Pomeroy, as we know of no other female Pomeroys in
Norwalk at that time.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">According to Henry R. Timman, a
member of the Firelands Historical Society and expert in early Norwalk, Ohio
history, Samuel Preston, a Justice of the Peace in Norwalk, and owner/editor of
the Norwalk newspaper <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Norwalk
Reporter</i>, lived directly across the street from Benjamin Junkins’ home and
shop, and just two houses away from the lot that Mary Ann had purchased from
Edward Petit and later his estate.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">An account book owned by James
Williams of Norwalk, Ohio, held at the Firelands Historical Society, shows that
on 2 September 1827, Benjamin Junkins was paid $3.00 by Mr. Williams “on
account”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref10" style="mso-endnote-id: edn10;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[x]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That next month, on the 5<sup>th</sup> of
October, Benjamin placed an ad in the Norwalk Reporter offering his
cabinetmaker’s shop and lot for sale:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">“</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">A BARGAIN.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I WILL SELL ON REASONABLE TERMS.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The house, Cabinet-maker's shop and Lot, one
square and a half West of the Court house on main street in the Village of
Norwalk.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is a two story house well
finished and painted in side and out, with an excellent [sic] Cellar, also a
good well of water.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Any person wishing to purchase will please
call and examine for themselves.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">BENJAMIN
JUNKINS</span></span></div>
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">N.B. All
those indebted to me will please call and adjust their accounts. B.J.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Norwalk Oct
5th<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>327<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>27n tf.”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xi]</span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Trouble in Town</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">According to the <i>Encyclopedia of
Freemasonry</i>, by Albert G. Mackey, M.D. a Masonic crime includes “The first
class of crimes which are laid down in the Constitutions, as rendering their
perpetrators liable to Masonic jurisdiction, are offences against the moral
law.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“Every Mason,” say the old Charges of
1722, “is obliged by his tenure to obey the moral law.”... “Indeed, whatever is
a violation of fidelity to solemn engagements, a neglect of prescribed duties,
or a transgression of the cardinal principles of friendship, morality, and
brotherly love, is a Masonic crime.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
same book defines Expulsion as: “of all Masonic penalties, the highest that can
be inflicted on a member of the Order, and hence it has been often called a
Masonic death.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It deprives the expelled
of all the rights and privileges that he ever enjoyed, not only as a member of
the particular Lodge from which he has been ejected, but also of those which
were inherent in him as a member of the Fraternity at large.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He is at once as completely divested of his
Masonic character as though he had never been admitted, so far as regards his
rights, while his duties and obligations remain as firm as ever, it being
impossible for any human power to cancel them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>He can no longer demand the aid of his brethren, nor require from them
the performance of any of the duties to which he was formerly entitled, nor
visit any Lodge, nor unite in any of the public or private ceremonies of the
Order.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He is considered as being without
the pale, and it would be criminal in any brother, aware of his expulsion, to
hold communication with him on Masonic subjects.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>“Immoral conduct, such as would subject a candidate for admission to
rejection, should be the only offence visited with expulsion.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As the punishment is general, affecting the
relation of the one expelled with the whole Fraternity, it should not be
lightly imposed for the violation of any Masonic act not general in its
character.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The commission of a grossly
immoral act is a violation of the contract entered into between each Mason and
his Order.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If sanctioned by silence or
impunity, it would bring discredit on the Institution, and tend to impair its
usefulness.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A Mason who is a bad man is
to the Fraternity what a mortified limb is to the body, and should be treated
with the same mode of cure, - he should be cut off, lest his example spread,
and disease be propagated through the constitution.”</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The Mt. Vernon Lodge No. 64, in
Norwalk, Ohio, was formed circa 1821, (an act to incorporate the Master and
Wardens of the Mount Vernon Lodge, No. 64 is added to a legislative act dated
30 Jan 1823) and became quite popular in the town.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The <i>Firelands Pioneer</i>, 3<sup>rd</sup> Series,
Volume XI, 1993 lists the following members of the Lodge from 1821 to 1828:
Henry Adams, John F. Adams, Newell Adams, John Atwater, Noah Baker, Theodore
Baker, Timothy Baker, Samuel C. Bangs, Theodore Bangs, Roma Bassett, Moses S.
Beach, Perry G. Beckwith, Platt Benedict, H. Blackman, Rouse Bly, Eben Boalt,
John Boalt, David Bols, Leverett Bradley, S. Bradley, Rev. C.P. Bronson, Calvin
Brown, George T. Buckingham, Henry Buckingham, Cyrus Butler, John L. Butman,
David R. Clark, Jabez Clark, Lester Clark, Elihu Clary, Timothy Clock, Asher
Cole, Lester Cole, Abijah Comstock, Wyatt Cook, Alexander Dickson, Benjamin F.
Drake, Aruanah Eaton, Dr. Lyman Fay, Erastus Finney, Hallett Gallup, William
Gallup, William Gardiner, David Gibbs, Enos Gilbert, Amos B. Harris, John
Harvey, John Henry, Abel Herrick, Ephraim W. Herrick, H. Hopkins, John D.
Hoskins, Benjamin Hoyt, R. Jaques, Benjamin Jenkins [sic Junkins], Obadiah
Jenney, Hiram Johnson, Horace G. Johnson, Martin M. Kellogg, Moses Kimball,
John C. Kinney, Jephthah Lawrence, Ichabod Marshall, Roswell Marshall, Robert
McBeath, Rev. Allen Mead, Cyrus Miller, James Minshell, Harry G. Morse, Ephraim
Munger, Roswell Munson, Squire Newton, Alva Palmer, Tru Pattee, Dr. Joseph
Pierce, Reuben Pixley, Rev. Adam Poe (Alvin Coe?), Hanson Reed, Rev. John
Rigdon, Abijah Rinsdale, Lawrence Robinson, Lowell Robinson, Anson Root, Eben
Root, Rev. Shadrach Ruark, Dr. Moses C. Sanders, H.O. Shelden, F.W. Shipperd,
Eliphalet B. Simmons, Isaac Slocum, John Smith, Ezra Sprague, E. Stockwell,
Daniel Stratton, Mortimer Strong, Thaddeus B. Sturges, Rev. Lot B. Sullivan,
B.F. Taylor, Dr. Daniel Tilden, J. Tillson, Joshua Trowbridge, David Underhill,
Shuyler Van Rensselaer, David Webb, Harvey Webb, Charles Wheaton, Edward
Wheeler, John White, James Williams, J.H. Wolaver, Oliver Woodhouse, Andrew
Woods, Amos Woodward, W.C. Wright.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In addition to the above regular
members, the following were visitors during this time: Bildad Adams, P. Adams,
J. Ashley, Elijah Baker, George Baldwin, Henry Barney, Eben W. Barnum, Eli S.
Barnum, Levi Barnum, J. Beatty, Sylvester Blackman, A.D.W. Boadley, Isaac
Bowery, S. Brewster, D.P. Brown, John B. Brown, Samuel Brown, Richard Burt, Dr.
Samuel B. Carpenter, Halsey Clark, B. Cole, Eleutheros Cooke, Joseph C.
Curtiss, Benjamin Drake, Frederick Falley, Lyman Farwell, John Fish, Joshua
Fish, Nathan C. Fulsome, William Gamble, Charles Gardiner, Samuel R. Gibbs, C.C.
Gilbert, Joel Luther Graves, Solomon Gray, Robert Green, Rev. John Hall, J.
Hoadley, William Howard, S. Howe, M. Hoyt, Jonathan Hull, William Hunt, Samuel
Husted, Buckley Hutchins, C. Hutchins, Jabez Ivory, Brewster Jennings, Jonathan
Jennings, Dr. John B. Johnson, I. Lawrence, Ozias Long, J.P. McArdle, Rev.
James McIntyre, Jr., Wm. Miller, B. Mitchels, Rodolphus Morse, Samuel Allen
Otis, Ephraim Palmiter, Halsey Petton, Abijah Pixley, Ethan Powers, L.S.
Richard, Everett Richman, Leon D. Roath, Abner Root, A. Ruggles, Rev. Roger
Searle, S. Sharp, Benjamin Sheeley, Fred A. Sheffield, Martin G. Shelhouse,
Abiathar Shirley, Robert S. Southgate, Samuel Spencer, Needham N. Standart,
Natham [sic] M. Stewart, Abner Strong, James Strong, Jesse Taintor, Hiram Tanner,
J. Taylor, Timothy Taylor, Theodore Tillson, Judge George Tod, Benjamin Warren,
W.W. Watross, A. Webb, S. White, Nathan Whitney, Asa Wilson.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Many of these members were neighbors and
business acquaintances of Benjamin and Mary Ann. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">On 3 December
1827, Benjamin was expelled from the Mount Vernon Lodge, No. 64, and was also
expelled from all Masonic communications.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This expulsion notice was published in the <i>Norwalk Register </i>on 22 Dec.
1827.</span><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xii]</span></span></span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to the
minutes of the Mount Vernon Lodge No 64, dated 1 Oct 1827, it was “voted that
Lodge disapprove of the conduct of Bro. Benjm. Junkins in living in a state of
open Adultery & that he be cited to appear at this Lodge Room at half 7.
O.Clock & shew cause if any he have, why he should not be dealt with for
the same agreable to the rules of the fraternity... Lodge called for
dispensation to Labor for dispatch of business citation in Bro. B. Junkins was
served – he did not appear.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Voted That
Vro. B. Junkins cause be continued untill our next Reg. Com. and that Bro. G.P.
Bronson, Moses Kimball, & I. Marshall be a committee to Labor with Brother
Junkins & report at our next Reg. Com.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Officers present at this meeting were Brothers Platt Benedict, Benjamin
Carman, Jabez Clark, Rouse Bly, Hiram Johnson, J.C. Kinney, Obadiah Jenny
(secretary), and Oliver Woodhouse.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Rouse
Bly was the brother-in-law (and in 1830, second husband), of Sophia Barney,
who, in 1827, was married to Luther Coe, Mary Ann’s uncle.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Members present at the meeting were Brothers
Roma Bassett, Horace Johnson, R.C. Pixley, E.W. Herrick, Charles C. Gardner,
Eber. Root, Lester Clark, Abijah Rundle, Enos Gilbert, Moses Kimball, Theodore
Baker, Leverett Bradley, Jonathan Hull, Asher Cole, Ephm. Munger, Rev. C.P.
Bronson, John D. Haskins and Daniel L. Clark.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Visitors to the meeting were Halsey Clark and Joseph C. Curtis.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref13" style="mso-endnote-id: edn13;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xiii]</span></span></span></a></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>R. C. Pixley (Reuben), born abt 1796, lived
with his parents in Pompey, NY, where his father, Reuben, had signed a petition
to establish the Pompey Academy on 15 Mar 1802, with, among others, Abel
Bigelow and Joseph Shattuck<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref14" style="mso-endnote-id: edn14;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xiv]</span></span></span></span></a>.
Reuben Pixley, Sr. built the first log house in Ridgefield Township, Huron
County, Ohio in 1811<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xv]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1817 he and his son helped Platt Benedict
build his log house in Norwalk<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xvi]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">At the 3 Dec
1827 meeting of the Mount Vernon Lodge No. 64 in Norwalk, “The committee
appointed to Labor with Benjamin Junkins Reported that he gave them no
satisfaction, but abused them & set the institution at defiance – therefore
– voted unanimously that Benjm. Junkins be Expelled from this Lodge & that
his expulsion be published in the Norwalk Reporter, requesting printers
favorable to the fraternity to publish it throughout the United States.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Officers present at this meeting were
Brothers Theodore Baker, Leverett Bradley, Asher Cole, Henry Addams, J.C.
Curtiss, Obadiah Jenny, B. Carmon and O. Woodhouse.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Members present were Brothers Enos Gilbert,
Newel Adamms (?), Abel Herrick, C.P. Bronson, Roma Basset, J.F. Adams, Anson
Root, Perry G. Beckwith, Ephm. Munger, Platt Benedict, H. Johnson, and E.W.
Herrick.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Visiting Brethren were Brothers
James McIntyre, John Beatty and Samuel Brown.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref17" style="mso-endnote-id: edn17;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xvii]</span></span></span></span></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">From the
above information, we can only surmise that Benjamin was living with Mary Ann,
but whether he was doing so on his property or hers, we do not know.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Benjamin
appeared on the Norwalk Poll Book, dated 5 Apr 1827.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Judges for the County were Ebenezer Boalt and
Asher Cole, and clerks were John Tice and Abel Tracey.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Matthew W. Junkins, Benjamin’s brother, also
appears on the Poll Book, and they are among the 67 voters for the town.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Benjamin and Matthew also appear as male
residents of Norwalk (over twenty-one) in the Ohio Census of 1827.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref18" style="mso-endnote-id: edn18;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xviii]</span></span></span></span></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">On 12 May
1828, Benjamin <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">and his wife Mary Ann</i>,
sold part of Benjamin’s property on the front half of lot 26 in Norwalk, to
John V. Sharp, also a cabinetmaker, for $175.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This was the property on which the cabinetmakers’ shop stood on, but did
not include Benjamin’s house.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The deed
was witnessed by John G. Taylor and Samuel Preston (Justice of the Peace).<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref19" style="mso-endnote-id: edn19;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xix]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>John Sharp and his wife Sally, of Norwalk,
paid $25 in cash for the property, and took out a mortgage to Benjamin Junkins
for $150.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The mortgage was canceled 27
Dec 1842.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref20" style="mso-endnote-id: edn20;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xx]</span></span></span></span></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">On 4 June
1828, Benjamin settled his wife’s accounts with James Williams of Norwalk,
according to his account book<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref21" style="mso-endnote-id: edn21;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxi]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">While an intriguing mention of a
Benjamin Junkin in the Ohio Repository dated 18 July 1828, identified as having
a letter remaining in the Canton Post Office as of the 1<sup>st</sup> of July
1828, an extensive review of the Ohio Repository for the years 1827 through
1828 did not reveal any further mention of this Benjamin.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Is this our Benjamin Junkins?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Canton was 86 miles from Norwalk, OH.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In 1828, Benjamin was taxed $3.75
for real estate valued at $300 on the north half of lot 26 in Norwalk.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Taxes included State and Canal Tax, County
and School Tax, Road Tax and Township Tax<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref22" style="mso-endnote-id: edn22;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 20 Mar 1829, Benjamin Junkins deeded to
John Miller of Norwalk, property on the north half of lot 26 in Norwalk, with
the dwelling house on Main St., for $425.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>No mention is made in the deed to Benjamin Junkins’ wife, Mary Ann.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref23" style="mso-endnote-id: edn23;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxiii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That same day, John Miller of Norwalk,
mortgaged this same property to Benjamin Junkins for $425.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The mortgage was cancelled 6 Feb 1843.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref24" style="mso-endnote-id: edn24;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxiv]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>At this point, it seems likely that Benjamin
would have been living on Mary Ann’s property.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 25 October 1828, a notice from
the Norwalk Post Office was placed in the Norwalk Reporter, listing letters
remaining in the Post Office as of 1 October 1828, in which Mary Ann Junkins’
name appeared<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref25" style="mso-endnote-id: edn25;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxv]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Again, on 4 July 1829, a notice from the
Norwalk Post Office was placed in the Norwalk Reporter, listing letters
remaining in the Post Office as of 1 Jul 1829, in which Mary Ann Junkens’ name
appeared.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref26" style="mso-endnote-id: edn26;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxvi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Both of these listings seem to indicate that
Mary Ann may have been out of town, for why else would these letters have been
left in the Post Office for over three months?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Meanwhile, on 6 July 1829, Spencer Pomeroy, of Manlius, NY, signed a
quit-claim deed to his son Francis W. Pomroy, stating, in effect, that he, nor
his heirs, etc. would not claim any right to property on lot 26 in Norwalk, OH,
in consideration for $1.00 paid to him by Francis W. Pomroy<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref27" style="mso-endnote-id: edn27;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This quit-claim was referring to the land that
Mary Ann (Coe) Pomeroy had purchased of Edward Pettit and his estate in 1825
and 1826, and is interesting for the fact that it was given by Spencer to
Francis, his son, not Mary Ann, his wife.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Did this mean that Mary Ann still did not have clear title to this
property, or would Francis now need to quit-claim the property to Mary Ann in
order for her to be able to sell it?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This quit-claim deed also places Francis in Norwalk in 1829.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Further evidence of his residence can be
found in the poll book records for Norwalk in 1829, where Francis is
listed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to records referring
to early research, Francis was working as an apprentice at the <i>Huron Reflector</i>,
a newspaper founded on 2 Feb 1830 and owned by Samuel Preston, who was also a
Justice of the Peace in Norwalk<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref28" style="mso-endnote-id: edn28;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>. </span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The below is a list of heads of
households in Norwalk, OH according to the 1830 US Federal Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It appears that this census was enumerated by
residence and based on what we know about sales of Benjamin Junkins property,
it would appear that these people were near neighbors to each other:</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">William Webber</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">John Miller</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Frederick Forsythe</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Picket Latimer</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">D.G. Raitt</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Henry Hurlbert</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Aurelius Mason</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Benjamin Junkins</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Jno. V. Sharpe</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Leveret Bradley</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Nelson Horton</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Joseph C. Curtis</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Wm. Benton</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">John Ford</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Chloe Morse</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Jno. Bryant</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Robert Moreton</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Miner Vredt</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Thomas Adams</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Thomas G Bronson</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">T.B. Sturges</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">John Wilerr</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">M.F. Ciser</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Samuel Preston</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Benjamin was listed as head of
household in the US Federal Census of 1830, living in Norwalk, OH.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the household was one male of 20 through
30, one male of 30 through 40, and one female of 40 through 50.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The D.G. Raitt, Samuel Preston and Jonathan
V. Sharp households are listed on the same census page.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref29" style="mso-endnote-id: edn29;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxix]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We assume that the female of forty and under
fifty was Mary Ann (Coe) Pomeroy, and the male of twenty and under thirty was
Francis W. Pomeroy, Mary Ann’s son.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Benjamin died 23 June 1830 in Norwalk, at the age of 35.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref30" style="mso-endnote-id: edn30;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxx]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The Death of Benjamin Junkins</span></b></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 4 September 1830, Mary Ann
Junkins was summoned to Huron County Court as a defendant in a claim brought
against her by Isaac M. Wilson, plaintiff, for an unpaid debt of $9.50 for
painting services.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Isaac filed his lien
for $9.53, and Mary Ann did not appear, thus defaulting on the account, which
was brought to $9.67 including tax.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Francis W. Pomeroy on that date, acknowledged himself bail for his
mother in the sum of $20, which was liened to his “goods and chattels lands and
tenements in case the said Mary Ann fails to pay the sum for which Judgment is
rendered against her in said suit”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
money owed was received of Samuel Preston for I.M. Wilson and Joseph H. Wilson
on 9 December 1830.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref31" style="mso-endnote-id: edn31;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxi]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 25 October, 1830, Mary Ann
Junkins, Daniel G. Raitt, Samuel Preston and John G. Taylor for the penal sum
of $800 bond, signed a contract which made Mary Ann Junkins and John G. Taylor
the administrators of the estate of Benjamin Junkins.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Samuel Preston and Daniel G. Raitt acted as
sureties to the bond.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They were given
two years to inventory all of Benjamin’s goods, chattels and credits, and
return the same, “together with a bill of the sale of the goods and chattels of
the said deceased and also a true accurate statement of all the debts due and
owing the estate to the clerk’s office” in Huron County, Ohio.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The inventory and appraisement of
Benjamin’s estate is as follows:</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.45in;" valign="top" width="235"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">viz.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1 Camblet Cloak</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">$12.00</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .25in;" valign="top" width="24"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 166.5pt;" valign="top" width="222"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">1 Hat</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>0.50</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.45in;" valign="top" width="235"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1 Frock Coat<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Broad<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cloth</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>8.00</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .25in;" valign="top" width="24"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 166.5pt;" valign="top" width="222"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">1 Trunk</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>1.00</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.45in;" valign="top" width="235"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1 pr. Pantaloons<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>do<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>do</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>2.50</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .25in;" valign="top" width="24"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 166.5pt;" valign="top" width="222"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">1 Watch</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>10.50</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.45in;" valign="top" width="235"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1 Vest<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>do<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>do</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>2.00</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .25in;" valign="top" width="24"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 166.5pt;" valign="top" width="222"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">1 pr. Boots</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>1.00</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.45in;" valign="top" width="235"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>4 Factory Shirts</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>0.50</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .25in;" valign="top" width="24"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 166.5pt;" valign="top" width="222"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">1 [Ax]</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>1.00</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.45in;" valign="top" width="235"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1 pr. Linen Pantaloons</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1.00</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .25in;" valign="top" width="24"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 166.5pt;" valign="top" width="222"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">1 Looking Glass</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>0.12</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.45in;" valign="top" width="235"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>3 pr. Old Pantaloons</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>0.38</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .25in;" valign="top" width="24"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 166.5pt;" valign="top" width="222"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">1 Milch Cow</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>9.50</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.45in;" valign="top" width="235"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>6 Old Cravats</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>0.25</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .25in;" valign="top" width="24"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 166.5pt;" valign="top" width="222"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">1 Calf</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>2.50</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 8;">
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.45in;" valign="top" width="235"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>3 Old Vests</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>0.38</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .25in;" valign="top" width="24"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 166.5pt;" valign="top" width="222"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">1 Tea Kettle</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>0.87</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 9;">
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.45in;" valign="top" width="235"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>“<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Coat</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>0.75</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .25in;" valign="top" width="24"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 166.5pt;" valign="top" width="222"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">1 Improved Dictionary</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>0.50</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 10;">
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.45in;" valign="top" width="235"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1 pr. Satinett Pantaloons</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>0.50</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .25in;" valign="top" width="24"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 166.5pt;" valign="top" width="222"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">1 Pocket Book</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>0.25</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 11;">
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.45in;" valign="top" width="235"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1 Bandanna Handkerchief</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>0.06</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .25in;" valign="top" width="24"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 166.5pt;" valign="top" width="222"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">1 Keg</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>0.50</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 12;">
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.45in;" valign="top" width="235"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>3 pr. Soxks</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>0.75</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .25in;" valign="top" width="24"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 166.5pt;" valign="top" width="222"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">1 Old Trunk</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>0.25</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 13;">
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.45in;" valign="top" width="235"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1 pr. Old English Razors</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1.75</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .25in;" valign="top" width="24"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 166.5pt;" valign="top" width="222"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">1 [<s style="text-line-through: double;">Bedsted</s>] Bedsted</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><u>2.00</u></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 14;">
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.45in;" valign="top" width="235"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1 Latherbox & Strap</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>0.12</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .25in;" valign="top" width="24"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 166.5pt;" valign="top" width="222"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>30.49</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 15;">
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.45in;" valign="top" width="235"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1 pr. Suspenders</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><u>0.06</u></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .25in;" valign="top" width="24"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 166.5pt;" valign="top" width="222"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><u><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>31.00</u></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 16; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.45in;" valign="top" width="235"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.5pt;" valign="top" width="66"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>31.00</span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .25in;" valign="top" width="24"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 166.5pt;" valign="top" width="222"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">$61.49</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The appraisers were listed as
Leverett Bradley, F(rederick) Forsythe, and H(allet) Gallup.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A supplementary schedule of the
debts due to the estate is as follows:</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">“These demands belonged to said Estate and found their way into </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">the hands of Adam Junkins who refuses to render them to </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">the Admtr.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>towit:</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">One Note of $100 dated March 20, 1829 due two years after </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">date on John Miller ___________________________________<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>100.00</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">One do of $125 same date on same person due three years </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">after date ___________________________________________<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>125.00</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">One of $100 on John V. Sharp due July 1829. about half </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">paid before Junkins death ______________________________<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>50.00</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">One note of $10 on Doct. W<u><sup>m</sup></u> W. Nugent about ½ p<u><sup>d</sup></u><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>5.00</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">One<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>$6 on Seth Jennings<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>6.00</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">One<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>18 on John Miller part p<u><sup>d</sup></u><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>18.00</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><u><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">One</span></u><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>“<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>4.88 on David Higgins<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>4.88<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Also One Judg<sup>t</sup> on Van Renselears Docket against Asaph Cook,
[jun<u><sup>r</sup></u>]. <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>16.00</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">One Note against Jacob Wilson [jun<u><sup>r</sup></u>]<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>6.50</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">One Judg<sup>t</sup> on<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Prestons
Dockett of _____________________________ <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>6.64</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Dated Norwalk March 15, 1831 – “(the 3 [last] items are in our own
hands)” and signed by Mary A. Junkins and John G. Taylor, Administrators of the
estate.</span></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">We asked Henry Timman to look for further court records concerning
Benjamin Junkins’ estate.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He wrote on 25
October. 2009: “I found no further Court activity in the Benj. Junkins estate
for <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">four
</i></b>years after it was opened.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
Inventory and Appraisal was filed 13 Jan 1831 and the Schedule of Debts was
filed 16 March 1831, but neither was ever journalized in the Common Pleas
County Journals.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This omission was not
common, but the dates were between formal sessions of the Court, and may simply
have been overlooked when the Court did sit again...</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><br /></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">“Now, I have another theory which might address this question.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In those days if a man died and had a probate
estate totaling less than the statutory amount allowed the widow for her year’s
support, the appraisers might simply turn over the assets to her and the estate
became dormant.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is not so noted in
the Junkins estate, but it may have happened this way.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">“Also, I would guess that it was the job of the administrators to sue
Adam Junkins to recover the money he was withholding.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If so, they didn’t do it in Huron
County.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Do you suppose they did sue in
whichever county where Adam Junkins dwelt?”</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Based on the above information, we believe that there was a rift or
disagreement between Mary Ann (Coe) Pomeroy Junkins and Adam Junkins, Benjamin
Junkins’ brother.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Whether this
disagreement was caused by the fact that Mary Ann and Benjamin were likely not
married to each other, and because of this, Adam did not feel that Mary Ann was
entitled to Benjamin’s assets, we do not know.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>It appears that Adam was holding the mortgages on Benjamin’s property,
among other notes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>How would he have gotten
hold of these, unless Benjamin had given them to him? </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Of the other notes, we know that Dr. William W. Nugent was licensed a
practicing physician and surgeon by the 14<sup>th</sup> District Medical
Society (of Ohio) at a meeting held in Norwalk on 29 May 1827.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Other physicians admitted membership that day
were John B. Craighead and Andrew McMillan.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The society consisted of the following officers: Allen G. Miller,
President; George G. Baker, Vice President; A.B. Harris, Secretary; Lyman Fay,
Treasurer; George C. Baker, William F. Kittredge, Moses C. Sanders, Daniel
Tilden and En. Dresback, Censors.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>At
that meeting Daniel Tilden was chosen as a delegate to the state medical
convention.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Other physicians of Huron
County, OH were H.M. Clark, Joseph Pearce, Richard P. Christophers, Samuel
Stephens, Charles Smith, Samuel B. Carpenter, W. Merriman, Lemuel Powers and
A.H. Brown.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref32" style="mso-endnote-id: edn32;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>William Nugent was listed as a white, male
inhabitant of Norwalk, above the age of twenty-one in the Ohio Census of 1827<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref33" style="mso-endnote-id: edn33;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1830 Dr. Nugent was charged a tax or
license as a physician in Huron County, OH<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref34" style="mso-endnote-id: edn34;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Seth Jennings was listed in the poll book of Norwalk, OH as an elector
on 13 October 1818<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref35" style="mso-endnote-id: edn35;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxv]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His name also appears in the Ohio census of
1827, as a white male of twenty-one years of age, living in Norwalk<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref36" style="mso-endnote-id: edn36;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxvi]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He may have been the first landlord of the
Eagle Tavern, in Milan in 1826<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref37" style="mso-endnote-id: edn37;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Judge David Higgins, Jr. was born 2 Aug 1789 in Lyme, New London County,
Connecticut, to parents Reverend David Higgins and Eunice Gilbert.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He studied at Yale College, was a soldier of
the war of 1812 and practiced law in Norwalk, OH by 1828, at which time he was
appointed Circuit Judge<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref38" style="mso-endnote-id: edn38;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was elected Clerk of the Congregational
(Presbyterian) Church in Norwalk 11 Feb 1830<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref39" style="mso-endnote-id: edn39;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxix]</span></span></span></span></a>,
and appears as a head of household in Norwalk in the 1830 U.S. Federal Census<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref40" style="mso-endnote-id: edn40;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xl]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was also the first cousin of James
Higgins, who was the husband of Spencer Pomeroy’s sister Nancy.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Mary Ann Junkins was taxed 9.8¢ on a cow valued at $8 in 1831 in
Norwalk, Ohio<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref41" style="mso-endnote-id: edn41;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xli]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 3 October 1831, the <i>Norwalk Reflector</i> ran
a notice of letters remaining in the Post Office in Norwalk, as of 1
October.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Francis Pomeroy is listed in
the notice<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref42" style="mso-endnote-id: edn42;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xlii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We do not find record or him in Norwalk until
16 Dec 1833 when he paid a fine of $1.37.5 for being delinquent in the Ohio
Militia<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref43" style="mso-endnote-id: edn43;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xliii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Had Francis left town?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The Death of Spencer Pomeroy</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">It does not seem that Spencer ever
recovered, financially, from his insolvency.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Not much is found regarding his life after the homegrown divorce that he
and Mary Ann signed in 1816.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Spencer is
listed as head of household in the 1820 U.S. Federal Census in Manlius, NY<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref44" style="mso-endnote-id: edn44;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xliv]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In his household is one free white male of 26
through 45, one free white female of 26 through 45, and one free white female
of 45 and upwards.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We assume that the
older female was Spencer’s mother Sarah, as we know that she was one of eight
original members of the Trinity Presbyterian Church of Manlius when it was
formed on 24 Oct 1815, along with William Gardner, Caleb Remington, Isaac Hall
and his wife, Horace Hunt, Rebecca Wood and Mrs. Mary Ann (Elderkin) Jackson<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref45" style="mso-endnote-id: edn45;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xlv]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We do not know who the free white female
between the ages of 26 through 45 is.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It
seems unlikely that this is Mary Ann, as her sons are not enumerated in the
household with her.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was this the woman
with whom Spencer was in an adulterous affair with, as Mary Ann claimed in her
divorce petition of 1827?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Or was it more
likely that as permitted reasons for divorce were few at that time, that every
person pleading the courts for a divorce claimed that their spouse had been
unfaithful?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">That same year, on January 20,
Spencer won a law suit against Jacob Tiffany in the Justice Court of Onondaga
County, amounting to $11.87 including Constable fees.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to the record, the defendant Jacob
Tiffany, was “committed”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref46" style="mso-endnote-id: edn46;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xlvi]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to the book <i>The Tiffanys of America</i>,
Jacob was the son of Stephen Tiffany who came with his brother, Colonel Henry
Tiffany and settled in Pompey about 1795.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Stephen was a sheriff and involved in local politics.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Jacob, born 21 Aug 1794 in Cambridge,
Washington County, New York, married Mercy Mowrey of Pompey in 1812, and the
couple had three children, Mowrey, born 1813; Evelyn, born 1816, and Lucien B.,
born 1820, prior to Jacob’s death in September, 1833<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref47" style="mso-endnote-id: edn47;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xlvii]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Stephen Tiffany had settled on lot
26 in Pompey, and his land bordered Ithamar Coe’s in 1809, when Ithamar sold
that land to his brothers, Chester and Seymour Coe<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref48" style="mso-endnote-id: edn48;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xlviii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Stephen is listed as head of household in
Pompey, according to the 1810 U.S. Federal Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In his household are two free white males
under 10, 1 free white male of 10 through 15, 1 free white male of 16 through
25, 2 free white males of 26 through 44, 3 free white females under 10, 1 free
white female of 10 through 15, 1 free white female of 16 through 25, 1 free
white female of 26 through 44.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It
appears that the 1810 U.S. Federal Census of Pompey, NY was enumerated by
neighborhood, and the census page in which Stephen is listed tells us a lot
about who his neighbors were.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The last
nine heads of household on page 8 of the census are as follows: Henry Tiffany,
Anson Shaddock, Stephen Tiffany, David Bigelow, Isaac Deming, Richard Hiscock,
Solomon Morey, Ithamar Coe and Seymour Coe<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref49" style="mso-endnote-id: edn49;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xlix]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The 1800 U.S. Federal Census of
Pompey, NY lists a Jacob Tiffany, head of household, enumerated above the
Richard Hisscock household.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This family
consists of two free white males less than 10 years of age, one free white male
of 26 through 44, two free white females under 10 years of age, and one free
white female of 26 through 44<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref50" style="mso-endnote-id: edn50;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[l]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Neither Stephen Tiffany nor Henry Tiffany was
enumerated in the Pompey census of 1800.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>If the Jacob Tiffany who was sued by Spencer Pomeroy in 1820 was,
indeed, the son of Stephen Tiffany, born in 1794, he would not have been old
enough to be a head of household in 1800.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>According to the book ”The Tiffanys of America”, only one brother of
Stephen lived to maturity, and that was Henry.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Was the “Jacob Tiffany” listed in the 1800 U.S. Census in Pompey, an
error?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was this really Stephen Tiffany?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">According <i>The Tiffanys of America</i>,
Stephen Tiffany died “at Pompey, Onondaga County, N.Y., March 21, 1813”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref51" style="mso-endnote-id: edn51;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[li]</span></span></span></span></a>, and
the database “Abstracts of Wills, Administrations and Guardianships in NY
State, 1787-1835, seems to confirm this, as an entry was made under letters of
administration as follows: “page 13, adm. of the Estate of Stephen Tiffany of
Pompey, co, Onondaga, died intestate.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Granted to Henry Tiffany and Mercy Tiffany of Pompey, afs’d. as
Admrs.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Seal 17 May 1813.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref52" style="mso-endnote-id: edn52;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lii]</span></span></span></span></a></span> </div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Jacob is also mentioned in the
above database, as follows: “pages 183-186, will (pgs 184-186) Solomon Morey of
Town Pompey Co Onondaga, N.Y. – to my wife Jerusha use of one third my
tenements & household furniture during her lifetime – to my eldest dau.
Abigail present wife of William Powell $10 on 12 Jul 1827 – to my Second dau
Nancy present wife of Jacob Rocks $10 – to my dau. Mercy present wife of Jacob
Tiffany – to my Dau. Martha – to my youngest dau Elizabeth wh. 18 yrs age – to
my Son Solomon Morey half my farm on which I now live in sd Pompey wh. age of
21 yrs on 26 March 1825 – to my son Elijah Morey half my farm – appt Israel
Sloan Jur ex (no date) (seal) Solomon Morey (L.S.) wits Dennis T. Sweet Samuel
Sloan Levi Pease pved 29 Apr 1816.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>adm
(pgs 183-184) On Will of Solomon Morey of Town Pompey dec’d Granted to Jerusha
Morey of Town of Pompey, Co of Onondaga as Admin.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Seal 30 April 1816.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref53" style="mso-endnote-id: edn53;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[liii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This record identifies Solomon Morey as the
father of Mercy, wife of Jacob Tiffany, who was enumerated directly before
Ithamar Coe in the 1810 U.S. Federal Census of Pompey, NY.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Alethea Connolly, in her review of the
Onondaga County Supervisors records at the Onondaga Historical Society in
Syracuse, noted that in 1811 Stephen Tiffany was identified as a Constable for
the town of Pompey.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Jacob Tiffany is identified as head
of household in the 1820 U.S. Federal Census of Pompey, NY, taken 7 Aug 1820.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In his household were one free white male
under 10, one free white male of 16 through 25, 1 free white female under 10,
and one free white female of 16 through 25.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>One person in the household was engaged in agriculture, which we assume
to be Jacob<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref54" style="mso-endnote-id: edn54;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[liv]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On the same census page, listed directly
before Jacob Tiffany, were, in order: Henry Tiffany, Christopher Clive, Richard
Hiscock, Widow Jerusha Morey, Joseph Evarts, and Joseph Evarts, Jun.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Jacob Tiffany is again listed as
head of household in the 1830 U.S. Federal Census of Pompey, NY.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Listed in the household were one free white
male of 5 through 9, one free white male of 15 through 19, one free white male
of 30 through 39, one free white female of 10 through 14, and one free female
of 30 through 39<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref55" style="mso-endnote-id: edn55;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lv]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>No occupation on this census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Listed directly before Jacob Tiffany on the
census page, were, in order: Richard Hiscock, Daniel King, and Richard Hiscock
Jr.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Listed directly below Jacob on the
same page, were, in order: Mercy Olin and Heline W. Tiffany.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to the book “The Tiffanys of
America”, after Stephen Tiffany died, his widow, Mercy (Hodges) Tiffany,
married a Mr. Olin<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref56" style="mso-endnote-id: edn56;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lvi]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was the Mercy Olin, enumerated below Jacob
Tiffany in 1820, Jacob’s mother? </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Unfortunately, our research into
the Tiffany family has not illuminated us any further regarding the reason that
Spencer Pomeroy pursued and won the suit against Jacob Tiffany in 1820.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We also do not know what the term “committed”
meant in 1820.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was Jacob incarcerated?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Spencer’s mother, Sarah L. (Allen)
Pomeroy, died in Manlius, NY on 7 March 1823, and was buried in the Christ
Church Cemetery in Manlius.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Her
granddaughter, Charlotte Sophia Wood (daughter of Ichabod Wood and Clarissa
Pomeroy), was buried beside her after she died on 26 Feb 1842.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A white marble stone ornamented with a
weeping willow in an urn marked Sarah’s grave when Sarah’s fourth great
grandson, Bill Pomeroy, found her grave.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The stone was severely pocked and barely legible, and Bill decided to
have it replaced.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Upon removing the
original stone, an inscription was found which had been under the surface of
the ground. The name “Utica” was carved in an oval, with carved leaves
radiating out of it, creating a band across the lower portion of the stone.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A few others stones with this marking have
been found in the Sherburne Quarter Cemetery, on Pleasant Valley Rd., in
Sherburne, Chenango County, New York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>One stone in that cemetery with the “Utica” symbol is in memory of John
Hebbard, who died 17 Oct 1830, aged 70 years.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The other stone is that of Hannah W., wife of Horace B. Knapp, who died
21 Jun 1831, aged 24 years.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Her stone
also has a carving of a weeping willow in an urn, like Sarah’s.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Each of these stones in Sherburne contain
epitaphs as does Sarah’s, although we have been unable to clearly read the one
on Sarah’s stone.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The third stone in the
Sherburne Quarter Cemetery that has the “Utica” symbol is that of Lucy, wife of
Gardner Babcock, who died 13 Jun 1832 at age 40.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Her stone has a carving of an urn flanked on
both sides by weeping willows, but her stone does not have an epitaph.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">It seems logical that these
gravestones came from Utica, Oneida County, New York, but Utica was some
distance from both of the cemeteries where the Utica symbol was found on
stones.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Sherburne is 40 miles from
Manlius, via NY Rte 12 and 20, and over 36 miles from Utica, NY via NY Rte
12.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Pompey is over 45 miles from Utica
via NY I-90.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Research into early Utica
businesses has identified the Utica Marble Works, but to our knowledge, this
business was not formed until the 1840s, and given the dates of death on the
gravestones we’ve found with the Utica symbol, it would appear that these
stones were carved before the Utica Marble Works was in business.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is, of course, possible that the Utica Marble
Works was formed from an earlier business with a different name, and again, it
is possible that the gravestones were not manufactured in Utica, but had that
symbol for another reason.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">No will or probate file for Sarah
Pomeroy has been found in the Surrogate’s Office of Onondaga County, New
York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is possible that she did not
have a will, or, because she did not own any property, that the will was not
recorded, and that her estate, being valued under a certain amount of money,
was not probated and handled more informally by her family members.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We wonder who may have purchased her
gravestone.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Of her immediate family, her
son Spencer was assumed living in Manlius at the time of her death (although no
records have been found to prove this).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Her daughter Clarissa, with husband Ichabod Wood, and daughter Charlotte
Sophia, were apparently living in Manlius, as Clarissa had joined the Trinity
Presbyterian Church in Manlius on 13 Apr 1817, and was not dismissed until 24
May 1830, at which time she was dismissed to a church in Jamesville, NY.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref57" style="mso-endnote-id: edn57;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lvii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Daughter Charlotte and her husband Titus Rust
had both died before Sarah, and their children were likely living in
Westhampton, MA by that time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Daughter
Nancy and her husband James Higgins and their children appear to have left
Pompey in the fall of 1817, as James paid the balance on tuition at the Pompey
Academy in October 1817<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref58" style="mso-endnote-id: edn58;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lviii]</span></span></span></span></a>, and
no other record has been found for them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>An obituary was found in the Buffalo newspapers in August 1826, for a
wife of James H. Higgins, aged 50, but we do not know whether this was Nancy,
although her age is about right<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref59" style="mso-endnote-id: edn59;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lix]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Of Sarah’s other living children, son Gaius
(1760 – 1824), was living in Northampton, MA in 1820<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref60" style="mso-endnote-id: edn60;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lx]</span></span></span></span></a>, where
he died in 24 November 1824<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref61" style="mso-endnote-id: edn61;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxi]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Sarah’s daughter Mary Pomeroy, born 3 April
1764 in Northampton, MA<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref62" style="mso-endnote-id: edn62;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxii]</span></span></span></span></a>,
married Elihu Wright 13 Dec 1781 in Northampton<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref63" style="mso-endnote-id: edn63;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Elihu Wright was born 10 Sep 1759 in New
Marlboro, Berkshire County, Massachusetts, son of Dr. Elihu Wright and Rachel
Searle<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref64" style="mso-endnote-id: edn64;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Elihu was a first cousin of Amasa Wright, who
was an administrator of Luther Wright’s estate upon his death, intestate in
Pompey, NY in 1808.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>An Elihu Wright is
identified as a land-owner in Van Buren, Onondaga County, New York in 1825,
having settled on lot 1<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref65" style="mso-endnote-id: edn65;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxv]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We believe this to be the same Elihu Wright
who was listed as head of household in Van Buren in the 1830 U.S. Federal
Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In his household were 2 free
white males under 5, 1 free white male of 15 through 19, one free white male of
40 through 49, and one free white female of 20 through 29, making this Elihu
Wright too young to be the husband of Mary Pomeroy<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref66" style="mso-endnote-id: edn66;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxvi]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Elihu and Mary (Pomeroy) Wright’s daughter,
Polly, married 26 Dec 1803 Henry McGrath in Westfield, Hampden County,
Massachusetts<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref67" style="mso-endnote-id: edn67;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As most marriages of that time took place in
the home of the bride, it is likely that Mary and Elihu were living in
Westfield in 1803.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is the last
concrete evidence we have found relating to this family.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was Mary alive when her mother died in Pompey
in 1823?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If she was, where was she living?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>All of Sarah’s other children had died before
Sarah.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Sarah had at least two siblings
that outlived her.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They were Elijah
Allen who was born 1 December 1754 in Northampton, MA<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref68" style="mso-endnote-id: edn68;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>,
who died 23 September 1830 in Northampton<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref69" style="mso-endnote-id: edn69;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxix]</span></span></span></span></a>; and
Eunice (Allen) Breck, born (or baptized) 5 November 1758 in Northampton, MA,
who married Samuel Breck Jr. 23 Oct 1777 and died 13 March 1826 in Northampton,
MA<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref70" style="mso-endnote-id: edn70;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxx]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The only obituary we have found for Sarah was
published in the Pittsfield Sun on 10 April 1823.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is a simple obituary, common for the day,
which read: “Died, at Manlius, N.Y. on the 1<sup>st</sup> ult. widow Sarah
Pomroy, aged 84, relict of the late Mr. Pliny Pomroy”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref71" style="mso-endnote-id: edn71;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We do not know whether the Manlius, or
Onondaga County, NY obituaries were regularly picked up and run in the
Pittsfield Sun, or whether this obituary was run in the paper because Sarah’s
late brother, the Reverend Thomas Allen, was a well-known citizen of
Pittsfield, and had descendants living there at the time of Sarah’s death.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Could any of these nieces and nephews have
paid for Sarah’s gravestone?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Spencer’s brother, Gaius Pomeroy,
died 22 November 1824 in Northampton.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>His obituary was also printed in the Pittsfield Sun on 25 November 1824,
as follows: “DIED, at Northampton, on the 22 inst. Mr. Gaius Pomeroy, aged 64.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref72" style="mso-endnote-id: edn72;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His wife, Elizabeth “Betsey” (Root) Pomeroy
had died in September of that year, and her obituary was also published in the
Pittsfield Sun as follows: “DIED, at Northampton, on the 29<sup>th</sup> ult,
Mrs. Elizabeth pomeroy, wife of Mr. Gaius Pomeroy, aged 62.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref73" style="mso-endnote-id: edn73;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Between the years 1820 and 1830,
Spencer’s cousin Reverend Francis Pomeroy, was preaching in Western New
York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1820 he was the minister of the
First Presbyterian Church of Lyons<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref74" style="mso-endnote-id: edn74;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>, and
in 1821 purchased property on Village Lot 2, in Lyons, next door to the Church
which was on Village Lot 1<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref75" style="mso-endnote-id: edn75;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxv]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Reverend Pomeroy was dismissed from the
Church in Lyons on 1 Feb 1825<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref76" style="mso-endnote-id: edn76;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxvi]</span></span></span></span></a> from
whence he went on to organize a Presbyterian Church in Rose, Wayne County, New
York with Rev. Benjamin Stockton, and was one of two ministerial commissioners
sent by the Presbytery at the organization of the Presbyterian Church in
Newark, Wayne County, New York.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref77" style="mso-endnote-id: edn77;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxvii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was pastor of the Presbyterian Church in
East Palmyra between 1825 and 1831<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref78" style="mso-endnote-id: edn78;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>,
and purchased property in Palmyra in 1826<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref79" style="mso-endnote-id: edn79;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxix]</span></span></span></span></a> and
1828<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref80" style="mso-endnote-id: edn80;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxx]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Francis Pomeroy was listed as head
of household in the U.S. Federal Census of 1830, in Palmyra, NY.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In his household was one free white male of 5
and under 10, one free white male of 50 and under 60, one free white female of
15 and under 20, one free white female of 50 and under 60, one female of 90 and
under 100<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref81" style="mso-endnote-id: edn81;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxxi]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although Francis would have been 62 in 1830,
we believe that he is the free white male, aged between 50 and 60 years.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Francis’ current wife, at the time, was Mary
Sayre, born 7 March 1778 in New Jersey, widow of Nathaniel Job Potter<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref82" style="mso-endnote-id: edn82;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxxii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She married Francis in 1814<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref83" style="mso-endnote-id: edn83;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>,
he being widowed probably twice prior to this marriage.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Both Francis and Mary had children from their
previous marriages, Francis having adopted two of Mary’s younger daughters,
Susan Mary Potter and Elizabeth Ann Potter, as evidenced by their baptism in
the First Presbyterian Church of Lyons on 9 June 1816<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref84" style="mso-endnote-id: edn84;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Both of these daughters were married by
1830.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We believe the young woman in the
Francis Pomeroy household in 1830 was Phebe Pomeroy, born about 1811 and
daughter of Francis and wife Phebe<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref85" style="mso-endnote-id: edn85;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxxv]</span></span></span></span></a>, who
had died about Jan 1813 in Brutus, Cayuga County, New York, as evidenced by her
obituary which ran in the Western Federalist on 3 Feb 1813: “POMROY, Mrs.
Phoebe, w. of Rev. Francis Pomroy, d. in Brutus last week... in epidemic”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref86" style="mso-endnote-id: edn86;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxxvi]</span></span></span></span></a>,(possibly
yellow fever or typhoid).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We believe
that the elderly woman in the household was Sarah (Littell) Sayre, Mary’s
widowed mother who would have been about 94 years of age at the time that the
census was taken<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref87" style="mso-endnote-id: edn87;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We do not know who the young man of 5 through
10 years of age was.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Spencer’s other “local” cousins,
Anna (Pomeroy) Clark, Thankful (Pomeroy) Day and Lovisa Pomeroy were all living
in Skaneateles between 1820 and 1830, their mother Ann (Ashley) Pomeroy, the
widow of Spencer’s uncle Timothy, had also moved to Skaneateles during this
time.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 6 July 1829, Spencer Pomeroy
signed a quit-claim to his son Francis W. Pomeroy, regarding Mary Ann (Coe)
Pomeroy’s property on inlot 6, in Norwalk, OH as follows:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">“</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Know all men
by these presents that I Spencer Pomroy of Manlius in the County of Onondaga in
the State of New York for and in consideration of the sum of one dollar to me
paid by Francis W Pomroy of Norwalk in the County of Huron and State of Ohio the
receipt whereof I do hereby acknowledge have granted bargained sold remised and
quit claimed and by these presents do grant bargain sell remise and quit claim
unto the said Francis W Pomeroy and to his heirs and assigns forever all the
right title interest and claim which I have in and unto a certain lot of land
situate in the Village of Norwalk aforesaid in the County and State aforesaid
and designated and known as Lot No. 6 in the Town Plat of said Norwalk
containing sixty four rods together with all and singular the hereditaments and
appurtenances thereunto belonging or in any wise appertaining and the reversions
remainders rent issues and profits thereof and all the right estate title
interest claim or demand whatsoever of me the said Spencer Pomroy either in law
or equity of in and to the above bargained premises<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">To have and to hold the same to the said Francis W Pomroy
and to his heirs and assigns forever.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The aforesaid premises being the same which Mary Ann Pomroy purchased of
Edward Pettit in the year 1825 and 1826 [as] by said Pettits deeds are
Recor[ded] in Huron County aforesaid will fully appear.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">In witness whereof I the said Spencer Pomroy have
hereunto set my hand and seal this 6th day of July in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and twenty nine<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Signed </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">sealed acknowledged & delivered in presence of}<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Spencer Pomroy<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(seal)</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">State of New York Onondaga County ss<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">On this 6th day of July in the year 1829 personally
appeared before me Spencer Pomroy to me known to be the person described in and
who executed the within indenture and acknowledged that he executed the same
for the uses and purposes therein mentioned.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>John Fleming Junr. Justice of the Peace</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Received May the 2d and Recorded the 3d 1834 By Ichabod
Marshall Recorder. “<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref88" style="mso-endnote-id: edn88;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxxviii]</span></span></span></span></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">We have often wondered whether Francis came back to
Pompey to get this quitclaim signed, or whether this transaction accomplished
through the mails.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We have found no
evidence either way.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We also wonder
whether it was Francis or Mary Ann that had this quitclaim entered in Huron
County Court on 2 May 1834 (nearly five years after it was written), and what
would the advantage have been of entering this record, given the fact that
Spencer Pomeroy was dead by this date.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">The Town of Onondaga Historical Society has a wonderful,
and nearly complete, collection of the ledgers of the Onondaga County
Poorhouse.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was in these ledgers that
we learned of the sad demise of Spencer Pomeroy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Spencer entered the Poorhouse for the first
time on 2 January 1830, being the only entrant for that day.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The record charges his stay to the town of
Manlius.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He resided at the Poorhouse
until discharged on 23 April 1831.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
town of Manlius was charged for sixteen weeks board, and 3 yards “sattinet”, 1
yard of shirting and thread on 18 April 1830, and shoes two days later.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Spencer would spend a total of four winters in the Poorhouse.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was received on 19 Jan 1831 and discharged
14 Apr 1831.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The town of Pompey was
charged for twelve weeks and one day’s board and for 3 ½ yards “sattinett”,
lining and buttons on 5 April 1831, which may have been used to sew him a
coat.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was received on 17 January 1832
and discharged 7 Apr 1832.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The town of
Pompey was again charged for his room and board of eleven weeks and three days,
and for one yard of factory “gingum” on 6 Apr, which he received a day before
his discharge.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Catherine M. Sayler of Salina was also
received January 17<sup>th</sup>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She
was fifteen years old and was discharged 3 April 1832.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Spencer’s visit to the Poorhouse in the winter of 1833
was his last.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was received on 21 Jan
1833 and died less than four months later on May 2.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The town of Pompey was charged for fourteen
weeks and three days board, transportation to the Poorhouse from Pompey on
January 21, and for a coffin, sheet, and shirt on the day of his death.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Spencer was buried on the Poorhouse grounds,
most likely either the day of his death or the day after.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Ichabod Wood, his wife Clarissa (Spencer’s sister) and
their daughter Charlotte were received in the Poorhouse 12 October 1832. All
there were charged to the town of Manlius.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Ichabod was identified as 45 years of age, and “absconded” 13 November
1832.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Clarissa, identified as 45 years
of age, was discharged with her daughter Charlotte (identified as 18 years of
age) on 7 May 1833, five days after Spencer died.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ichabod received ½ yard of “Sattinet” on 10
November 1832, Clarissa received 1 pair of shoes and 8 ½ yards plaid, ¾ yard
shirting and thread on November 10, 2 yards of shirting, 2 yards or calico and
thread on March 27, and 6 yards of shirting and 1 ½ yard of muslin on May 7.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Charlotte received 1 pair of shoes on
December 19, 3 yards of shirting on February 16, and 2 ½ yards of “Gingum”, and
5 yards of calico on May 7, her and her mother’s date of discharge. <a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref89" style="mso-endnote-id: edn89;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxxix]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We like to think that Clarissa and her
daughter Charlotte were caring for Spencer and was with him when he died.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It seems likely.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">We know that Charlotte died on 26 February 1842, and was
buried next to her grandmother, Sarah (Allen) Pomeroy in the Christ Church
Cemetery in Manlius, NY.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We also know
that Ichabod Wood died on 2 Mar 1847 in Manlius, and was also buried in the
Christ Church Cemetery, although not with his daughter, but in the public
section of the cemetery<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref90" style="mso-endnote-id: edn90;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xc]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We do not know, however, when or where
Clarissa (Pomeroy) Wood died; and we have very little information about this
family after their tenure at the Poorhouse.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>We do know that Ichabod Wood was identified as a head of household in
the 1840 U.S. Census of Manlius, NY.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In
his household were one free white male of 60 through 70, 1 free white female of
20 through 30, and one free white female of 50 through 60.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One person was employed in manufacture and
trade<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref91" style="mso-endnote-id: edn91;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xci]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We do not know what profession or professions
Ichabod followed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The ages of the women
in the household indicate that they were Clarissa and Charlotte, as Clarissa
would have been about 55 and Charlotte would have been about 26.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It would seem likely that Ichabod would have
served in the New York State Militia, especially during the War of 1812, but we
have yet to find proof of this.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We know
that Ichabod Wood married Clarissa Pomeroy on 10 October 1808 in Pompey, NY<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref92" style="mso-endnote-id: edn92;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xcii]</span></span></span></span></a>,
but we do not know where or exactly when Ichabod was born, or who his parents
were.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Another Ichabod Wood can be found buried in the Christ
Church Cemetery in Manlius, NY.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His date
of death was 4 October 1817 and his date of birth has been listed as about 1746
in Little Compton, Newbury County, Rhode Island<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref93" style="mso-endnote-id: edn93;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xciii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This Ichabod Wood married Elizabeth Brownell
15 March 1769 in Little Compton, RI<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref94" style="mso-endnote-id: edn94;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xciv]</span></span></span></span></a>;
was a Lieutenant of the Second Company of Little Compton, during the war of the
Revolution<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref95" style="mso-endnote-id: edn95;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xcv]</span></span></span></span></a>, and
lived in Little Compton until at least 1800 where he was enumerated as head of
household in the 1800 U.S. Federal Census<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref96" style="mso-endnote-id: edn96;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xcvi]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He is listed as head of household in Scipio,
Cayuga County, New York according to the 1810 U.S. Federal Census, on this same
page as his son Jedediah.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was the
only member of this household<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref97" style="mso-endnote-id: edn97;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xcvii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His wife, Elizabeth outlived him by almost
ten years, dying on 27 August 1827 in Manlius<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref98" style="mso-endnote-id: edn98;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xcviii]</span></span></span></span></a>,
so it seems strange that she is not enumerated in his household in 1810. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She too is buried in the Christ Church
Cemetery in Manlius.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is likely that
Ichabod and wife Elizabeth came to Manlius because their son, Jedediah, had
purchased land there on 15 July 1814.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This property was 350 acres on lot 38, and the purchase price was an
astounding $12,250<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref99" style="mso-endnote-id: edn99;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xcix]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Jedediah became a member and trustee of the
Trinity Presbyterian Church of Manlius on 29 August 1815<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref100" style="mso-endnote-id: edn100;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[c]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Another Wood family that was in Onondaga County early on
is the Daniel Wood family.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Daniel was
born 27 May 1744, the son of Moses and Sarah (Phelps) Wood<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref101" style="mso-endnote-id: edn101;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ci]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Daniel was found on the tax rolls of Pompey
with real property valued at $100 and personal property valued at $42<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref102" style="mso-endnote-id: edn102;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He signed a petition to establish Pompey
Academy which was recorded 15 March 1802 with Reuben Pixley, Abel Bigelow and
Joseph Shattuck<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref103" style="mso-endnote-id: edn103;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ciii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was a lawyer who was an early partner of
Victory Birdseye in 1807<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref104" style="mso-endnote-id: edn104;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[civ]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He purchased two acres of land on lot 65 in
Pompey on 11 May 1808 that bordered on land owned by Henry Seymour and Oren
Stone and Spencer Pomeroy<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref105" style="mso-endnote-id: edn105;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cv]</span></span></span></span></a>. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His father, Moses Wood, came to Pompey with
his wife in 1806<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref106" style="mso-endnote-id: edn106;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
where he died 18 April1818.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was
buried in the Pompey Hill Cemetery<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref107" style="mso-endnote-id: edn107;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[cvii]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><i>N</i></span></span><i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">ext Week: Part 5 – Brush with Celebrity </span></span></i></h3>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; mso-hyphenate: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"> </span></span></i></h3>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div style="mso-element: endnote-list;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn1" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[i]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County OH Deed Records, Vol 4; P 90, FHC Film #396.146, Salt Lake City,
UT.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn2" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Harrison County, OH Deed Records, Book C, P 173, Family History Library, Salt
Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn3" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Harrison County, OH Deed Records, Book C, P 396, Family History Library, Salt
Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn4" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid.</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn5" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[v]</span></span></span></span></a>
W.W. Williams, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of The Fire Lands,
Comprising Huron and Erie Counties, Ohio</i> (Cleveland: Leader Printing
Company, 1879) 118</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn6" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[vi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Henry Reiner Timman, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Just Like Old Times,
Book II 1975-1977, </i>(Norwalk, Firelands Historical Society, 1983) 86</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn7" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn7" style="mso-endnote-id: edn7;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[vii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Harrison County, OH Deed Records, Book C, P 620, Family History Library, Salt
Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn8" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn8" style="mso-endnote-id: edn8;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[viii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Ohio, Huron County Tax Records, 1816-1838, Ohio Historical Society.
Columbus.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>FHL microfilm, Family History
Library, Salt Lake City, UT.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn9" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn9" style="mso-endnote-id: edn9;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ix]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of The Fire Lands...</i>, p 119</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn10" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn10" style="mso-endnote-id: edn10;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[x]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">James Williams Daily Cash Book,
1820s-1830s</i>, Firelands Historical Society, Norwalk, OH, accessed 11 May
2009 by Henry Timman.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn11" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn11" style="mso-endnote-id: edn11;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Advertisement, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Norwalk Reporter, </i>Norwalk,
OH, 27 Oct 1827, P 3</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn12" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn12" style="mso-endnote-id: edn12;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Expulsion Notice, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Norwalk Register,</i>
Norwalk, OH, 22 Dec 1827, P 3</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn13" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn13" style="mso-endnote-id: edn13;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xiii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Archives of the Mount Vernon Lodge No. 64, Norwalk, OH</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn14" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn14" style="mso-endnote-id: edn14;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xiv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Publication Committee, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Re-Union of the
Sons and Daughters of the Old Town of Pompey, Held at Pompey Hill, June 29,
1871</i> (Syracuse: Courier Printing Company, 1875) 160-161</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn15" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn15" style="mso-endnote-id: edn15;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Ruth, “Scattered Sheaves – No. 4, By Ruth; Maj. Underhill”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Fire Lands Pioneer, </i>Old Series, Vo.
III, Part 3 (Sep 1860); 37-45</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn16" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn16" style="mso-endnote-id: edn16;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid, </i>42</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn17" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn17" style="mso-endnote-id: edn17;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Archives of the Mount Vernon Lodge No. 64, Norwalk, OH</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn18" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn18" style="mso-endnote-id: edn18;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of The Fire Lands, Comprising
Huron and Erie Counties, Ohio, </i>118, 119</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn19" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn19" style="mso-endnote-id: edn19;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xix]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, OH Deed Records, Vol 5; P 360, FHC Film # 396147, Salt Lake City,
UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn20" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn20" style="mso-endnote-id: edn20;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xx]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, OH Deed Records, Vol 5; P 358, FHC Film # 396147, Salt Lake City,
UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn21" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn21" style="mso-endnote-id: edn21;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxi]</span></span></span></span></a>
James Williams Daily Cash Book, 1820s-1830s, Firelands Historical Society,
(Norwalk, OH), accessed 11 May 2009, Henry Timman</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn22" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn22" style="mso-endnote-id: edn22;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Ohio, Huron County Tax Records, 1816-1838.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Ohio Historical Library, Columbus.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>FHL microfilm.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Family History
Library, Salt Lake City, UT.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn23" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn23" style="mso-endnote-id: edn23;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, OH Deed Records, Vol 6; P 106, FHC Film # 396147, Salt Lake City,
UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn24" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn24" style="mso-endnote-id: edn24;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, OH Deed Records, Vol 5; P 633, FHC Film # 396147, Salt Lake City,
UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn25" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn25" style="mso-endnote-id: edn25;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxv]</span></span></span></span></a>
List of Letters Remaining at Post Office article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Norwalk Reporter, </i>Norwalk, OH, 25 Oct 1828</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn26" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn26" style="mso-endnote-id: edn26;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
List of Letters Remaining at Post Office article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Norwalk Reporter, </i>Norwalk, OH, 4 Jul 1829, P 3, Col. 2</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn27" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn27" style="mso-endnote-id: edn27;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County Deed Records, Vol 8: P 328, Clerk’s Office, City Hall, Norwalk,
OH.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn28" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn28" style="mso-endnote-id: edn28;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
C.P. Wickham, “History of the Firelands,” <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Fire
Lands Pioneer, </i>Vol II, No. 4 (Sep 1861); 7-14</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn29" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn29" style="mso-endnote-id: edn29;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxix]</span></span></span></span></a>
Benjamin Junkins household, 1830 U.S. Census, Norwalk, Huron County, Ohio, P
328, line 8; National Archives microfilm publication M19_133.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn30" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn30" style="mso-endnote-id: edn30;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxx]</span></span></span></span></a>
Benjamin Junkins obituary, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Norwalk Weekly
Reflector, </i>Norwalk, OH, 27 Jun 1882, P 1, Col. 4</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn31" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn31" style="mso-endnote-id: edn31;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxxi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Samuel Preston Dockets 2 through 8, The Firelands Historical Society, (Norwalk,
OH), accessed by Henry Timman 20 Mar 2008</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn32" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn32" style="mso-endnote-id: edn32;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxxii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Medical notice, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Norwalk Reporter and
Huron Advertiser, </i>Norwalk, OH, 23 Jun 1827, P 3, Col. 3.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn33" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn33" style="mso-endnote-id: edn33;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of The Fire Lands, Comprising
Huron and Erie Counties, Ohio, </i>(Cleveland: Leader Printing Company, 1879)
119</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn34" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn34" style="mso-endnote-id: edn34;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid, </i>46</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn35" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn35" style="mso-endnote-id: edn35;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxxv]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of The Fire Lands, Comprising
Huron and Erie Counties, Ohio, </i>118.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn36" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn36" style="mso-endnote-id: edn36;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxxvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid, </i>119.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn37" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn37" style="mso-endnote-id: edn37;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Henry Reinier Timman, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Just Like Old Times</i>,
Book V, 1984-1986, (Norwalk: Laser Images, Inc. 1989) 23.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn38" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn38" style="mso-endnote-id: edn38;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Mary Higgins Gibbs, “Sketch of the Life of Judge David Higgins,” <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Firelands Pioneer, </i>New Series, Vol
XVI (1 May 1907); 1416-1417.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn39" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn39" style="mso-endnote-id: edn39;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xxxix]</span></span></span></span></a>
Rev. A. Newton, “Extracts from a Discourse,” <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Fire Lands Pioneer, </i>Vol 2, No 4 (Sept 1861); 45-48.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn40" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn40" style="mso-endnote-id: edn40;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xl]</span></span></span></span></a>
David Higgins household, 1830 U.S. Census, Norwalk, Huron County, Ohio, p 327
(penned), line 11; National Archives microfilm publication.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn41" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn41" style="mso-endnote-id: edn41;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xli]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio, 1831-1832 Tax Records, Books 663-664.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Huron County Auditor, Norwalk, FHL microfilm
416,808.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Family History Library, Salt
Lake City, UT.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn42" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn42" style="mso-endnote-id: edn42;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xlii]</span></span></span></span></a>
List of Letters Remaining in the Post Office article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Norwalk Reflector, </i>Norwalk, OH, 3 Oct 1831.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn43" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn43" style="mso-endnote-id: edn43;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xliii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Samuel Preston Dockets 2 through 8, The Firelands Historical Society, (Norwalk,
OH), accessed by Henry Timman 20 Mar 2008.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn44" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn44" style="mso-endnote-id: edn44;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xliv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Spencer Pomeroy household, 1820 U.S. Census, Manlius, Onondaga County, New
York, p 185, National Archives microfilm publication M33_67</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn45" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn45" style="mso-endnote-id: edn45;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xlv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Mrs. Charles W. Coleman, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Trinity
Presbyterian Church Manlius, NY Register of Membership 1815 – 1850, </i>(Manlius:
Mrs. Charles W. Coleman, 1939)</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn46" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn46" style="mso-endnote-id: edn46;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xlvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Giles and Chauncey Pratt Cornish papers, 1815-1894, Onondaga Historical
Association, Syracuse, N.Y., [NIC] NYOD872-610-0034, Accession # OHA 6709, Box
1, 3-B-3.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn47" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn47" style="mso-endnote-id: edn47;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xlvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Nelson Otis Tiffany, editor, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Tiffanys
of America, History and Genealogy, </i>(Buffalo: Mathews Northrup Co., 1901) 20</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn48" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn48" style="mso-endnote-id: edn48;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xlviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Onondaga County Deed Records, Book M: P 316, Onondaga County Clerk’s Office,
Syracuse, NY</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn49" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn49" style="mso-endnote-id: edn49;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xlix]</span></span></span></span></a>
Stephen Tiffany household, 1810 U.S. Census, Pompey, Onondaga County, New York,
P 8, National Archives microfilm publication roll 34</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn50" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn50" style="mso-endnote-id: edn50;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[l]</span></span></span></span></a>
Jacob Tiffany household, 1800 U.S. Census, Pompey, Onondaga County, New York, P
111 (penned), P 136 (stamped), National Archives microfilm publication roll 24.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn51" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn51" style="mso-endnote-id: edn51;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[li]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Tiffanys of America, </i>19</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn52" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn52" style="mso-endnote-id: edn52;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Abstracts of Wills, Administrations and
Guardianships in NY State, 1787-1835, </i>(Online database: <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">AmericanAncestors.org</i>; New England
Historic Genealogical Society, 2006) Original manuscript of Eardeley Genealogy
Collection: New York State Abstracts of Wills, Brooklyn Historical Society.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn53" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn53" style="mso-endnote-id: edn53;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[liii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid.</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn54" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn54" style="mso-endnote-id: edn54;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[liv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Jacob Tiffany household, 1820 U.S. Census, Pompey, Onondaga County, New York, P
136; National Archives microfilm publication roll M33_67.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn55" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn55" style="mso-endnote-id: edn55;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Jacob Tiffany household, 1830 U.S. Census, Pompey, Onondaga County, New York, P
282; National Archives microfilm publication roll M19-100; Family History Film:
0017160.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn56" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn56" style="mso-endnote-id: edn56;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Tiffanys of America, History and
Genealogy, </i>20</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn57" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn57" style="mso-endnote-id: edn57;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Mrs. Charles W. Coleman, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Trinity
Presbyterian Church, Manlius NY Register of 1815-1850, </i>(Manlius: Manlius
Historical Society, 1939) 4</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn58" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn58" style="mso-endnote-id: edn58;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Accounts with Pompey Academy, 1824-1836, </i>Pompey
Historical Society, Pompey, NY</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn59" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn59" style="mso-endnote-id: edn59;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lix]</span></span></span></span></a>
Janet Wethy Foley, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Early Settlers of New
York State 1760-1942, </i>CD 183, (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc.,
1934)</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn60" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn60" style="mso-endnote-id: edn60;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lx]</span></span></span></span></a>
Gaius Pomeroy household, 1820 U.S. Census, Northampton, Hampshire County,
Massachusetts, P 103; National Archives microfilm publication M33_50.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn61" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn61" style="mso-endnote-id: edn61;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Gaius Pomeroy Obituary, Pittsfield Sun, Pittsfield, MA, 25 Nov 1824</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn62" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn62" style="mso-endnote-id: edn62;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxii]</span></span></span></span></a>
James Russell Trumbull, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of
Northampton, Massachusetts: from its settlement in 1654, Vol II</i>,
(Northampton: Press of Gazette Printing Co., 1902) 391</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn63" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn63" style="mso-endnote-id: edn63;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxiii]</span></span></span></span></a><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Massachusetts Marriages, 1695-1910,</i>
digital images, from FamilySearch Internet [www.familysearch.org]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn64" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn64" style="mso-endnote-id: edn64;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Massachusetts Births and Christenings,
1639-1915, </i>digital images, from FamilySearch Internet
[www.familysearch.org]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn65" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn65" style="mso-endnote-id: edn65;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Dwight H. Bruce, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Onondaga’s Centennial,
Gleanings of a Century, </i>(Boston: Boston History Company, 1896) 731</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn66" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn66" style="mso-endnote-id: edn66;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Elihu Wright household, 1830 U.S. Census, Van Buren, Onondaga County, New York,
P 120; National Archives microfilm publication roll M19-100; Family History
Film: 0017160</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn67" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn67" style="mso-endnote-id: edn67;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Massachusetts Marriages 1695-1910, </i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn68" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn68" style="mso-endnote-id: edn68;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Church Books of the First Church of Christ of Northampton, 1661-1924
[Northampton, Massachusetts] Family History Library microfilm #186160, Family
History Library, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn69" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn69" style="mso-endnote-id: edn69;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxix]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Inscriptions on the Grave Stones in the
Grave Yards of Northampton and of Other Towns in the Valley of the Connecticut,
as Springfield, Amherst, Hadley, Hatfield, Deerfield, &c. with Brief Annals
of Northampton, </i>41</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn70" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn70" style="mso-endnote-id: edn70;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxx]</span></span></span></span></a>
Orrin Peer Allen, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Descendants of Samuel
Allen of Windsor, CT 1640-1907, </i>Reprint (Salem: Higginson Book Company,
2005) 24</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn71" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn71" style="mso-endnote-id: edn71;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Sarah Pomroy obituary, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Pittsfield Sun, </i>Pittsfield,
MA, 10 Apr 1823, P 3</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn72" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn72" style="mso-endnote-id: edn72;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Gaius Pomeroy obituary, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Pittsfield Sun, </i>Pittsfield,
MA, 25 Nov 1824</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn73" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn73" style="mso-endnote-id: edn73;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Mrs. Elizabeth Pomeroy obituary, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Pittsfield
Sun, </i>Pittsfield, MA, 9 Sep 1824</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn74" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn74" style="mso-endnote-id: edn74;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Receipts during the month of May, by the treasurer of the American Bible
Society article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Albany Gazette, </i>Albany,
NY, 12 Jun 1820</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn75" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn75" style="mso-endnote-id: edn75;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Ontario County, New York Deed Records, Book 39, P 162, FHL microfilm #479881,
Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn76" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn76" style="mso-endnote-id: edn76;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Rev. James H. Hotchkin, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">A History of the
Purchase and Settlement of Western New York, and of the Rise, Progress, and
Present State of the Presbyterian Church in that Section, </i>(New York: M.W.
Dodd, Brick Church Chapel, 1848), 373</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn77" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn77" style="mso-endnote-id: edn77;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Publishing Committee, First Presbyterian Church of Lyons, NY, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">One Hundred and Fifty Years of the
Presbyterian Church, Lyons, New York 1809-1959, </i>(Lyons: First Prebyterian
Church, 1959) </span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn78" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn78" style="mso-endnote-id: edn78;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">A History of the Purchase and Settlement
of Western New York, and of the Rise, Progress, and Present State of the Presbyterian
Church in that Section, </i>375-376</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn79" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn79" style="mso-endnote-id: edn79;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxix]</span></span></span></span></a>
Wayne County, New York, Deed Records, Book 10, P 531-532, County Clerk’s
Office, Lyons, NY</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn80" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn80" style="mso-endnote-id: edn80;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxx]</span></span></span></span></a>
Wayne County, New York, Deed Records, Book 10, P 532-533, County Clerk’s
Office, Lyons, NY</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn81" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn81" style="mso-endnote-id: edn81;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxxi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Francis Pomeroy household, 1830 U.S. Census, Palmyra, Wayne County, New York, P
47, Line 10; National Archives microfilm publication roll 17</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn82" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn82" style="mso-endnote-id: edn82;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxxii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Theodore M. Banta, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sayre Family, Lineage
of Thomas Sayre a Founder of Southampton, </i>(New York: The De Vinne Press,
1901) 250-252</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn83" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn83" style="mso-endnote-id: edn83;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">A History of the Purchase and Settlement
of Western New York, and the Rise, Progress, and Present State of the
Presbyterian Church in that Section, </i>373</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn84" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn84" style="mso-endnote-id: edn84;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Harriet M. Wiles, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Records of the First
Presbyterian Church of Lyons, </i>(New York: typescript, 1936) 26</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn85" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn85" style="mso-endnote-id: edn85;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxxv]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History and Genealogy of the Pomeroy
Family, Collateral Lines in Family Groups, </i>488</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn86" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn86" style="mso-endnote-id: edn86;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxxvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Mable Crosby and Louise Coulson, compilers, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Unpublished
Records A Collection of Newspaper Abstracts – Cayuga County, NY, </i>(Scarsdale:
Owasco Chapter DAR, 1974), 157</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn87" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn87" style="mso-endnote-id: edn87;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sayre Family, Lineage of Thomas Sayre a
Founder of Southampton, </i>123-4</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn88" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn88" style="mso-endnote-id: edn88;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 8, P 328, Clerk’s Office, City Hall,
Norwalk, OH</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn89" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn89" style="mso-endnote-id: edn89;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[lxxxix]</span></span></span></span></a>
Onondaga County Poorhouse Records, 1827-1836, PH Ledger 1 and 2, Town of
Onondaga Historical Society, Onondaga Hill, Syracuse, NY</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn90" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn90" style="mso-endnote-id: edn90;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xc]</span></span></span></span></a>
Manlius Church Yard Records, Manlius Historical Society, Manlius, NY</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn91" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn91" style="mso-endnote-id: edn91;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xci]</span></span></span></span></a>
Ichabod Wood household, 1840 U.S. Census, Manlius, Onondaga County, New York, P
159, Line 30; National Archives microfilm publication roll 317.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn92" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn92" style="mso-endnote-id: edn92;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xcii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Journal of Rev. Hugh Wallis</i>, </span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn93" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn93" style="mso-endnote-id: edn93;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xciii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Rev W.M. Beauchamp, S.T.D., compiler, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Revolutionary
Soldiers Resident or Dying in Onondaga County, N.Y. with Supplementary List of
Possible Veterans,</i>(Syracuse: The McDonnell Co., 1913) 101</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn94" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn94" style="mso-endnote-id: edn94;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xciv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Benjamin Franklin Wilbour, compiler, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Little
Compton Families, Vol II, </i>(Little Compton; Little Compton Historical
Society, 1967) 787, 788</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn95" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn95" style="mso-endnote-id: edn95;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xcv]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Revolutionary Soldiers Resident or Dying
in Onondaga County, N.Y. with Supplementary List of Possible Veterans</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn96" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn96" style="mso-endnote-id: edn96;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xcvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Ichabod Wood household, 1800 U.S. Census, Little Compton, Newport County, Rhode
Island, P 172: National Archives microfilm publication roll 46</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn97" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn97" style="mso-endnote-id: edn97;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xcvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Ichabod Wood household, 1810 U.S. Census, Scipio, Cayuga County, New York, P
1222; National Archives microfilm publication roll 31</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn98" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn98" style="mso-endnote-id: edn98;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xcviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Revolutionary Soldiers Resident or Dying
in Onondaga County, N.Y. with Supplementary List of Possible Veterans</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn99" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn99" style="mso-endnote-id: edn99;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xcix]</span></span></span></span></a>
Onondaga County, New York Deed Records, Book O, P 484-486, Onondaga County
Clerk’s Office, Syracuse, NY</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn100" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn100" style="mso-endnote-id: edn100;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[c]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Trinity Presbyterian Society Records,
1815-1918, </i>Onondaga Historical Association, Syracuse, NY</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn101" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn101" style="mso-endnote-id: edn101;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ci]</span></span></span></span></a>
George H. Williams, “Notes and Queries,” <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
New England Historical and Genealogical Register, </i>Vol XLVII [Jan 1893] 88</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn102" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn102" style="mso-endnote-id: edn102;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Tax Assessment Rolls of Real and Personal
Property, 1799-1804, </i>Film # B0950, Reel 12, New York State Archives,
Albany, NY</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn103" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn103" style="mso-endnote-id: edn103;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ciii]</span></span></span></span></a><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Re-Union of the Sons and Daughters of the
Old Town of Pompey, Held at Pompey Hill, June 29, 1871, </i>160-161</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn104" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn104" style="mso-endnote-id: edn104;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[civ]</span></span></span></span></a>
Victory Birdseye One of the Earliest Settlers of Famou[s] Pompey Hill article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Herald, </i>Syracuse, NY, 1 Sep 1886</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn105" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn105" style="mso-endnote-id: edn105;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Onondaga County, New York Deed Records, Book I, P 140, Onondaga County Clerk’s
Office, Syracuse, NY</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn106" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_edn106" style="mso-endnote-id: edn106;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[cvi]</span></span></span></span></a>
“Notes and Queries”</span></div>
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<div id="edn107" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref107" name="_edn107" style="mso-endnote-id: edn107;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-font-kerning: .5pt;">[cvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
“Cemetery Inscriptions from Pompey Hill, Onondaga County, N.Y.”</div>
</div>
</div>
Susan Hugheshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06412744821381463346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3285100268676605169.post-53976341949331680082015-06-12T14:10:00.001-04:002015-06-12T14:10:06.355-04:00Running Barefoot–The Mary Ann Coe Story (Part 3) <!--[if !mso]>
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<br />
<i><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">By Nancy Maliwesky</span></i><br />
<i><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Retired Director, APHGA </span></i><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-zWJAwsb8P6g/VXsdiCH7deI/AAAAAAAAAM0/IZbxzzrA1MY/s1600/Sandusky%252C_Ohio_birdseye_map_%25281898%2529._loc_call_no_g4084s-pm007070.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" height="185" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-zWJAwsb8P6g/VXsdiCH7deI/AAAAAAAAAM0/IZbxzzrA1MY/s400/Sandusky%252C_Ohio_birdseye_map_%25281898%2529._loc_call_no_g4084s-pm007070.jpg" title="Sandusky, OH birdseye map 1898 LOC" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr align="right"><td class="tr-caption"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Perspective map, 1898. Library of Congress. </span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Editor's Note: </span></i></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoBodyText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Readers of our blog
may recall the November 2011 post about Nancy Maliwesky’s research into the
elusive story of Mary Ann Coe Pomeroy. You can read (or reread) it </i><span style="color: black;"><a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2011/11/was-mary-ann-coe-pomeroy-in-le-roy-ny.html"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">here</i></a></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">. Nancy completed the draft of a publication prior to her retirement,
although there remain unanswered questions about parts of Mary Ann’s life
story. Hoping our readers may be able to help fill in some of these gaps, we’re
presenting Running Barefoot as a weekly series. We welcome your comments and
suggestions! Please feel free to share this blog with others who may be
interested. </i></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> – Susan Hughes, Director, APHGA</i></span><br />
</div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2015/05/running-barefootthe-mary-ann-coe-story.html" target="_blank"><b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Missed Part 1? Click here.</span></b></a> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /><a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2015/06/running-barefootthe-mary-ann-coe-story_5.html" target="_blank"><b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Missed Part 2? Click here.</span></b></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Mary Ann in Ohio</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sandusky Clarion</i>,
a newspaper that started publishing in 1822 in Sandusky, OH (then Portland),
lists several boats, steamers, and clippers coming in and leaving from Sandusky
towards or from Buffalo, N.Y and Black Rock, near Buffalo.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The newspaper identifies when navigation
opens and closes for the season.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Interesting
information regarding the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Walk-In-The-Water</i>,
the first steamer on Lake Erie, was found on the Kelleys Island Historical
Association website.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to the
website, the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Walk-In-The Water</i> was
built in 1818 at Black Rock, New York and was owned by the Lake Erie Steamboat
Company, running between Buffalo and Detroit and making stops at Cleveland and
Erie until 1 Nov, 1821, when she was wrecked near Point Algino, about 12 miles
from Buffalo, N.Y.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Rates for passengers
from Buffalo NY to Cleveland were $15.00 and she could carry up to 29 passengers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The information regarding the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Walk-In-The-Water</i> illustrates the
availability of water travel along Lake Erie.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Based on an advertisement in the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Clarion</i> regarding letters remaining in the Sandusky Post Office as
of 31 Dec 1822 in which “Mariann Pomroy” appears, we can give an approximate
date in which the letter was received as before or about 30 Sep 1822.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(Letters not picked up after 3 months were
advertised in the local newspaper with the widest circulation.)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While we do not know that Mary Ann traveled
by water, or took an overland route, it seems possible that she traveled via
water, based on the likelihood that she arrived in Sandusky where a letter was
sent to her, and not collected upon receipt.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">At this time the state of Ohio was considering a canal
system to improve the transportation of goods across Ohio, using the Erie Canal
as impetus.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Sandusky and New Haven
residents were very interested in a route starting in Sandusky and going south
and were very upset when the state decided to route the canal from Cleveland
south to Akron.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The proposed route and
disagreement with this route monopolized the pages of the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sandusky Clarion</i> in 1824.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The possibility of a nearby canal probably increased land speculation in
those towns directly south of Sandusky, and the final decision on the path of
the canal most likely left many large property holders land rich, but cash
poor, and with little return on their investments.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Lemuel, David and Royal Powers were
significant land holders in New Haven, and their names amongst many others,
appear on the delinquent tax lists of the day.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Colonel Sebried Dodge, born about 1796, a son of Ezra Dodge
and Polly Foote, who settled in Pompey, NY in 1795 on lot number 50<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[1]</span></span></span></span>, was an
early surveyor and later the Principal Engineer of the Western Division of the
Ohio and Pennsylvania Canal in 1835, and later made one of the Canal
Commissioners in 1838.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He lived at that
time in Cleveland by 1827<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[2]</span></span></span></span>, and
later resided in Akron, OH, where he died in April 1849.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> <b><br /></b></span></div>
<b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></b><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>Uncles Luther and Alvin Coe in New Haven, OH</b> </span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Reverend Alvin Coe, half-brother to Ithamar Coe, and Mary
Ann’s uncle, was an early settler of Huron County, Ohio<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[3]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Born in Granville, MA, 31 Mar 1783<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[4]</span></span></span></span>, Alvin
and his cousin John Seward were converted at a young age, both becoming
Reverends of the Congregational Church<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[5]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Alvin was living in what is now known as
Sandusky, Ohio by 1809<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[6]</span></span></span></span> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>where he was a teacher by 1810 in Huron<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[7]</span></span></span></span> and the
first Presbyterian minister<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[8]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He married Sarah Smith on 2 Dec 1811<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[9]</span></span></span></span>, and was
in Cuyahoga County, OH by about 1812 where he preached to the Second
Congregational Church for three months<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[10]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>By 21 Aug 1812, Alvin, his wife Sarah, his
brother Luther Coe, the family of Caleb Palmer and Rev. James McIntyre and
others were all living in New Haven, OH when hearing of Hull’s surrender (War
of 1812) at which time they fled and traveled to Knox County, OH.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[11]</span></span></span></span> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After 1812 and before 1816, Alvin went with
his cousin Reverend John Seward to Aurora, Portage County, Ohio and with his
cousin Reverend Harvey Coe to Vernon, Trumbull County, Ohio to prepare for
preaching<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[12]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Alvin was licensed by the Presbytery in 1816<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[13]</span></span></span></span>, and
during his lifetime preached in many of the pioneer towns of Ohio and Michigan,
becoming well known for his work with the native population.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1817 he preached at Sheffield, Lorain
County; Williamsfield, Ashtabula County; Grand River, Lake County, and Lyme,
Huron County, OH<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[14]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 29 Sep 1817 he was a sworn interpreter at
the Treaty of the Maumee Rapids, which was initiated between Lewis Cass and
Duncan McArthur, commissioners of the United States and “the sachems, chiefs,
and warriors, of the Wyandot, Seneca, Delaware, Shawanese, Potawatomees,
Ottawas, and Chippeway, tribes of Indians.”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[15]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 22 Dec 1817, Alvin Coe, with others “of
Huron county, in the State of Ohio, praying that the Seneca Indians may be
permitted to retain and enjoy their houses and farms on the west side of
Sandusky river, for reasons stated in the petition”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[16]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1818 Reverend Alvin Coe opened a mission
school for 25 or 30 Native American boys in Greenfield, Huron County, OH, <span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[17]</span></span></span></span> where
he also was pastor of the Presbyterian Church, <span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[18]</span></span></span></span>
occasionally preaching in the churches in Milan, Perkins and Peru<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[19]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Alvin was listed as head of household in
Greenfield, Huron County, OH according to the 1820 U.S Federal Census,
enumerated 7 Aug 1820.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In his household
were four free white males under 10, one free white male of 45 and upwards, two
free white females of 16 through 26, one foreigner not naturalized and one
person engaged in commerce<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[20]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to an article entitled
“Greenfield”, written by the Huron County Chapter of the Ohio Genealogical
Society, Inc., “Like every township, Greenfield had church organizations and
“makeshift” schools as soon as there were sufficient population to support
them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A unique school in Greenfield was
a mission school for American Indian children, opened in 1818 by Rev. Alvin
Coe.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He lived on the west side of Peru
Center Road not far north of Steuben Village, and opened his school with 25 or
30 boys from the various tribes close by.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>He fed, clothed and educated them at his own expense and with the few
donations he received.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This school
lasted several years.”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[21]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to Rev. H. Smith and Harvey Fowler,
though “in the Fall of 1821, Rev. Alvin Coe, who had previously collected a number
of Indian children in Greenfield and given them instruction in the English
language, moved his school to Venice, because he could get there a more
comfortable building, and he continued there about six months and taught all
the children in the vicinity that came to him for instruction.”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[22]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>At some point between 1821 and 1828, he also
became a member of the Mount Vernon Lodge No. 64 in Norwalk, OH.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[23]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“In the summer of 1822, an academy was
established at Macksville [later known as Peru] under the name of “Luna
Academic Society of Peru, Huron County.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The first annual meeting was held on the first Tuesday in August, 1822,
at which the following were elected as the board of trustees: Rev. Alvan Coe,
president; Dr. Moses C. Sanders, Dr. William Gardner, Major Eben Guthrie, and
Robert S. Southgate, Harry O. Sheldon was elected clerk.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The school opened the first Monday in
December, 1822, with Amos B. Harris as principal teacher.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In a notice published in the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sandusky Clarion</i>, 13 Nov. 1822, the
following terms of tuition were given:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">For orthography, reading and
writing...........................................$2.00</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Same with arithmetic and English
grammar................................$2.50</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Geography, rhetoric and
composition..........................................$3.00</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Higher mathematics, Latin and
Greek.........................................$4.00”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[24]</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 13 Sep 1824, Alvin Coe purchased 441/2 acres, part of lot
45 in Greenfield, OH from Epenetus and Huldah Starr for $200<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[25]</span></span></span></span>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">We have found no evidence that Alvin and Sarah ever had
children, and although Sarah outlived her husband by almost 30 years, it does
not appear that she remarried after his death.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>By all evidence both Alvin and Sarah were quite devout Christians.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If Ithamar were trying to find a proper home
for his wayward daughter, would he have chosen Rev. Alvin Coe’s household? <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It would seem a logical choice, but we have
not found any evidence that Mary Ann was living with the good Reverend or his
wife. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The 1827 tax roll for Greenfield,
Ohio shows Alvin Coe owning 113 acres of land on lot 42, valued at $122.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On the 1829 tax roll for Greenfield, Ohio,
Alvin Coe is taxed on 44 acres of property on lot 17, valued at $97.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That same year, in New Haven, Ohio, Sophia (Barney),
widow of Luther Coe, was taxed on 2 neat cattle valued at $16.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">An Alvin Coe is listed as head of household in Morven,
Marion County, Ohio, according to the 1830 U.S. Federal Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In his household were two free white males
under 5 years of age, one free white male of 5 through 10, one free white male
of 30 through 40, one free white female under 5 years of age, and one free
white female of 20 through 30.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[26]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The ages of the adult male and female do not
fit what we know of Alvin (who would have been 47 at the time) and Sarah (who
would have been 39 at the time).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Marion
County, now Morrow County, OH is near Columbus, and the town of Morven no
longer exists.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The general area is south
of Mansfield, and not so far as to be unlikely that Reverend Alvin would settle
here, but he is found in 1831 in Vernon, Trumbull County, OH where he had
accepted a three year pastoral position at the Presbyterian Church<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[27]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Whether the Alvin Coe living in Morven, OH is
our Reverend Alvin Coe is yet to be determined.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 23 Apr 1835, Alvin Coe represented Trumbull County in the
Ohio Anti-Slavery Convention which was held in Putnam, Muskinghum County, Ohio.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[28]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Alvin Coe was listed as a head of household
according to the 1840 U.S. Federal Census of Vernon, Trumbull County, OH.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In his household were: one free white male of
50 through 60, one free white female of 10 through 15, and one free white
female of 40 through 50.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One person was
engaged in a learned profession.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[29]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>An interesting story relayed by Andrew J.
Blackbird, sheds some light on Alvin’s esteem amongst the local tribe’s people:
</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“I have told my readers in the previous chapters of this
little book, that from the time I was invited by our most estimable friend,
Rev. Alvin Coe, to go with him to the State of Ohio in order to receive an
education, “that it was never blotted out of my mind”, and therefore the very
day I quit the blacksmith shop at Grand Traverse, I turned my face toward the
State of Ohio, for that object alone.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I
came to Little Traverse to bid a good-bye to my father and relations late in
October, 1845.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I did not even stay half
a day at Little Traverse...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span>“The day we [Paul
Now-o-ga-de and the author] arrived at Mackinac we took passage for
Cleveland.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Arriving there we were scared
at seeing so many people coming to us who wanted us to get into their cabs and
take us to some hotel which might cost us two or three dollars a day.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We went to Farmer’s Hotel.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the evening the landlady was somewhat
curious to know where we hailed from and where we were going to.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I told her we came from Michigan, but we did
not know yet where we should go to.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I
asked her if she ever knew or heard of a minister named Alvin Coe.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“What,” – she seemed to be very much
surprised’ “Mr. Alvin Coe, the travelling missionary?”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I said, “yes, the same.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“Why, that is my own uncle.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What is it about him?”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“O, nothing; only I would like to know where
he lives, and how far.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I was equally
surprised to think that we happened to meet one of his relatives, and thought
at this moment, God must be with us in our undertaking.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“You know my uncle, then,” she said.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I said, “Yes; he is my particular friend, and
I am going to look for him.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Of course
she told us the name of the town in which he lived, and how far and which road
to take to get there.”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[30]</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Who this niece was, we do not know.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Alvin and wife Sarah are listed in the 1850 U.S. Federal
Census in Vernon, Trumbull County, OH as follows: “Alvan Coe, 67 years of age,
male, white, occupation: Presbyterian Preacher, Value of Real Estate $400, born
in Massachusetts.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Sarah S. Coe, 59 years
of age, female, white, born in Connecticut.”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[31]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Alvin died in Vernon on 5 Apr 1854.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[32]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His widow, Sarah died 16 Mar 1883 in Kinsman,
Trumbull County, Ohio.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>An obituary in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Fire Lands Pioneer</i> states: “Mrs.
Sarah Coe, widow of Rev. Alvan Coe., died at the residence of Lyman Root,
Kinsman, Ohio, March 16<sup>th</sup> 1883, aged ninety-two years and six
days.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Rev. Alvan Coe and wife were
laborers among the pioneers of Northern Ohio from 1815 to 1821, and were
regularly ordained missionaries to the Indians of Northwestern Ohio and
Michigan from 1821 to 1825, after which, owing to poor health, Mrs. Coe resided
near her father, General Martin Smith, in Vernon, O., while Mr. Coe continued
his labors among the Indians until 1839.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Thereafter his time was largely spent near their home in Vernon among
the churches in the vicinity until his death in 1854.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mrs. Coe continued her residence in Vernon until
after she became helpless from a fractured hip, and since 1875 she has been
supported and cared for by a small appropriation from the county treasury,
supplemented by the generous donations of friends and Christian strangers
throughout the churches of our Northern States.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The funeral was held at Kinsman Sunday forenoon.”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[33]</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Luther Coe, Ithamar’s half-brother, was born in either 20
Dec 1779<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[34]</span></span></span></span> in
Granville, Hampden County, Massachusetts to parents Aaron and Mary (Seward)
Coe.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 4 Apr 1803 he was an Ensign in
the Genesee County, New York militia.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[35]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Later that year, in June, he was on the first
grand jury west of the Genesee River, presumably in Genesee County, along with
fellow jurors Alexander Rea, Asa Ransom, Peter Vandeventer, Daniel Henry,
Samuel F. Geer, Lovell Churchill, Jabez Warren, Zera Phelps, Jotham Bemus,
Seymour Kellogg, John A. Thompson, John Ganson, Jr., Isaac Smith, Elisha
Farwell, Peter Shaeffer, Hugh McDermott and John McNaughton.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[36]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was found in Southampton, Genesee County
by 1803, according to militia and tax records<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[37]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also taxed Southampton that same year is Dr.
William Coe, who does not appear to be a direct relation to Luther.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although taxed, we have not found any deeds
for Luther in Genesee County, New York. Current maps aren’t much help in
identifying the area that was once known as Southampton.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Gazetteer and Biographical Record of Genesee County, N.Y., 1788-1890</i>,
“Prior to the erection of the counties named above [Allegany in 1806; Niagara
in 1808; Chautauqua in 1811; Cattaraugus in 1817; Erie in 1821; Orleans in
1821; and Wyoming in 1841], Genesee was divided into four townships:
Northampton, Leicester, Southampton, and Batavia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Northampton embraced the northern portion of
the Morris Reserve, Leicester the central portion, and Southampton the
southern; Batavia embraced the entire Holland Purchase.”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[38]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A sale of property notice in the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Republican Advocate</i> of Batavia, NY on 10
May 1838, identified Luther as a surveyor of the Ogden tract.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[39]</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In 1809, a Luther Coe was taxed 75<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">¢</span> on property valued at $120 in Salina, Onondaga County, New York.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[40]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(Once again, no deeds have been found in
Onondaga County bearing Luther’s name.)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>In the January 1810 Court of Common Pleas term, for Onondaga County, NY,
Luther Coe and Hanley Lamb were sued by Ammi C. Pool for $400 on charges of
trespassing and debt incurred.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[41]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The specifics of the debt were not
identified, but the term trespassing may be a clue that property was
involved.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In April 1810, a Luther Coe was
named a commissioner of highways, with Nickerson Burlingham and Stephen K.
Gilcress for the town of Salina, NY<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[42]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In Sep 1810 this Luther was back in the
Onondaga County Court of Common Pleas, this time as a defendant with Leonard
Grove, against Matthew Davidson.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Matthew
Davidson brought suit for payment of $100 worth of salt (and $50 in damages) delivered
to Luther Coe and Leonard Grove on 28 Jul 1810<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[43]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One wonders what these men needed 26 1/3
barrels of salt for.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">According to G.T. Stewart, Esq. of Norwalk, OH, Luther had
joined his brother Alvin in the Fire Lands by 1811, coming from Pompey,
NY.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A letter was printed in the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Fire Lands Pioneer</i> written by Luther Coe
in 1812 to his brother in Onondaga County, NY.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>We can only suppose that the brother was Ithamar Coe:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“FREDERICKTOWN,
Tuesday, August 25<sup>th</sup>, 1812.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“DEAR BROTHER: - This
day arrived her in a flight from Indians, the particulars of which I will
endeavor to give.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Last Friday, at one
o’clock P.M., an express came to us, from Fort Detroit, on his way to the City
of Washington with information that Gen. Hull and his army was defeated, that
Detroit was taken by the British, that they were rapidly marching into our
territories, also that the rivers Raisin, Maumee and other smaller settlements
were also taken, and that they would be at Sandusky immediately.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That there were two thousand Indians
commanded by British officers sent into our territories.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Where they are we have not yet understood, or
where they will make their attack I cannot tell.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“Alvin sold his place near the mouth of
Huron, and moved up the river about twenty-five miles, to the town of New
Haven, where I have lived this summer.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“To resume the flight: in the town of New
Haven lived three families – in the town of Greenfield, two.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We all got the news about the same time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We met together and agreed to pack up as soon
as possible, and start through the woods towards the Ohio River.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We went to packing up what we could and
burying the rest.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This was an exceeding
rainy time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There fell as much rain from
Friday until Sunday, as I ever knew in so short a time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I started Friday night, after we got Alvin’s
things packed up, to help those families from Greenfield through the woods to
New haven, which was about four miles, and a road to cut, which we performed
with the help of lights, and with considerable difficulty got through the woods
to New Haven as day light appeared, worn out with fatigue.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Saturday morning we loaded two wagons with
the most valuable articles belonging to the several families, and started into
the woods with what cattle we could find.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Alvin left two cows and calves behind.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>We had a road to cut about fifteen miles.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We had not proceeded far before we had the
Huron river to cross, which was up full banks.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>We crossed without any material damage; then proceeded on with three men
before to cut the road, and after traveling about three miles we came to
another branch of the Huron, where we had to swim our teams, cattle and horses,
which was attended with considerable difficulty.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The rain falling like a flood, and the
streams thus high, would have discouraged the most enterprising, only in case
of life and death.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We then passed
without much trouble until we came to the Black Fork, so called, a branch of
the Muskingum.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Here was a rapid stream
to cross, but God be thanked, we all crossed safe.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was then after sundown.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Here we encamped.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Here presented a scene of trouble unlike any
I ever before experienced: our women and children, and all of us, wet, cold and
worn out with fatigue, had to take the ground for lodging, in fear of the scalping
knife every moment.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“Sunday morning, and all safe.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We set out in a blind path, and after
traveling four miles we came into the road that leads from the mouth of Huron
to Mansfield.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We passed on to another
branch of the Muskingum, called the Clear Fork, which was passed without
trouble.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On the bank of this stream we
concluded to encamp.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We turned out our
teams, and were about getting supper, when an express came up on horseback with
news that the Indians were on the rear of those that came from the mouth of
Huron, and that men, women and children were running in every direction through
the woods.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Our women at this report were
very much terrified.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We consulted together
a few moments, and agreed to fetch up the horses, which were three in number,
and put on as many women and children as we could, and start through the woods
nine miles to this place.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Accordingly we
all started but two, who staid behind to take care of the wagons.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We passed on, some with lights, and some with
children on their backs, and the women crying.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>In this situation we traveled between three and four miles, when we
stopped and held another council, upon the result of which it was agreed that a
Mr. Marsh and myself should go back to the wagons, and the rest go on.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Accordingly we departed Monday morning, and
all well.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We that were left set out with
our teams for this place, where we arrived about the middle of the
afternoon.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We found ourselves all in
tolerable spirits, considering the fatigues of our journey.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“Since we arrived here we have heard the
report of Indians on our rear was false.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>What gave the alarm to our rear was a party that was coming through the
woods and got lost.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They halloed and
shouted, that they might find the road.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The number of inhabitants that have got through and are on the road, are
computed at four hundred.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We understand
they have suffered very much.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Many of
them left their places without provisions.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Some of them were sick when they started.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One woman that had been confined but three
weeks, carried two children and suckled them to keep them from starving,
without having anything to eat herself.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>We have heard of the Indians killed but few as yet.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“In haste, I am yours, &c.,</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>“L. COE.”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[</span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">44]</span></span></span></span></span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">According to Charles B. Simmons, in his “Memoirs of
Townships – Greenfield” published in the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Fire
Lands Pioneer</i>: “The surrender of Hull exposed the whole North West to the
ravages of the enemy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The frontier
settlers had to abandon their homes, or run the risk of having their families
massacred by the savages.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The first
settlers of this township chose the former.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>As soon as they received the news of Hull’s treachery, they collected
their cattle and few household goods, and proceeded to New Haven Township in
the night, to the house of Caleb Palmer – (being on the farm now owned by Mr.
John Kiser).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Those that left the
township were Erastus Smith and family, Hanson Reed and family, C.W. Marsh and
Jacob Rush.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the morning they were
joined by Caleb Palmer and family, Luther Coe, Alvin Coe and wife, and the Rev.
James McIntyre, they being the first settlers of New Haven township.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They proceeded to Frederick, in Knox Co.,
with all vigilance that hope and fear combined could produce.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This was the last of August or the first of
September.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>News frequently reached them
in their flight that every body in the rear was massacred, which subsequently
proved untrue.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After resting a few days
at Frederick, they proceeded to Trumbull county, by the way of Wooster, in
Wayne county, where they staid until Perry’s Victory, on Lake Erie, Sept. 10,
1813 – which quited the fears of the settlers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Then Erastus Smith and family, Hanson Reed and family, William McKelvey,
Sr., with his family, Truman Gilbert, with his family, accompanied by Samuel C.
Spencer and his family, returned to this township.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cyrus W. Marsh married in Portage county, and
returned with them, together with William McKelvey, Jr., and Jacob Rush, both
unmarried men.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>this was the fall of
1813.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Erastus Smith left about six acres
of wheat in stack (on the farm now owned by Mr. Otis Childs) about two miles
from the house occupied by Mr. Smith, yet during his absence the wheat,
remained untouched, and was threshed by Mr. Smith after he returned from
Trumbull county.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Yet the corn growing in
the field was fed to the Indian’s horses, during Mr. Smith’s absence, and the
house was occupied by the Indians to stable their horses...<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[45]</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">An enumeration of the inhabitants of Salina, NY taken 3 Mar
1812, lists a Luther Coe in District 5<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[46]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It now seems unlikely that the Luther Coe in
Salina was the Luther Coe, half-brother of Ithamar Coe as he appears to be in
New Haven, OH at this time, living with his brother Alvin.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Luther Coe, of Huron County, OH served as a private in
Captain William Douglas’ Company (probably of Knox and Richland Counties),
during the War of 1812, between 26 Aug to 10 Oct 1812, and 4 May to 19 May
1813, with James Forsythe and Chism May<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[47]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to Mrs. Elizabeth Powers Minn, in
an article entitled “Fire Lands Reminiscences”, Luther Coe sometimes traveled
back to Greenfield with Hanson Reed to check on his crops during the war.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[48]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to an account made in Luther Coe’s
own handwriting, he “began to board with Caleb Palmer January 10<sup>th</sup>,
1813.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Started for Sandusky on the 18<sup>th</sup>
instant, with a load of corn, and returned to Smith’s the 24<sup>th</sup>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Went again to Sandusky to remove public
stores, and returned again to New Haven the second day of February.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Started for Sandusky after horses the 23d
inst., and returned to New haven the second day of March with horses.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Began making sugar in Palmer’s works on the
3d day of March, and stopped making sugar the 20<sup>th</sup>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Went to plowing for corn the 27<sup>th</sup>
of April.”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[49]</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">After the close of the war, on 4 Aug 1813, Luther won a bid
for the construction of the court house to be located in Mansfield, Richland
County, Ohio.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[50]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Luther was back in New Haven by 1816, and
settled on lots 127 and 138 according to several secondary accounts, but no
deed records have been found to support this claim<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[51]</span></span></span></span>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 17 Apr 1817 in New Haven, Luther Coe married Sophia
Barney<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[52]</span></span></span></span>, only
daughter of Henry Barney by his first wife Mary C. Gallup (sister of William
Gallup and aunt of his son Hallet Gallup, who would become quite prominent in
the town of Norwalk, OH).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Sophia was
born 21 Nov 1797 in Kingston, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[53]</span></span></span></span>, and
moved with her father by August 1810 to Genoa, Cayuga County, New York<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[54]</span></span></span></span> .<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She apparently also moved with her father to
New Haven, OH about 1814<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[55]</span></span></span></span> and
prior to her marriage to Luther, was the first school teacher in New Haven<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[56]</span></span></span></span>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Luther Coe was enumerated as head of household in the 1820
U.S. Federal Census, taken 7 Aug 1820 in New Haven, OH.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In his household were two free white males
under 10 years of age, one free white male of 16 through 18, two free white
male of 16 through 26, one free white male of 26 through 45, one free white
female of 10 through 16, one free white female of 16 through 26, one person
engaged in agriculture, eight total in household<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[57]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There are a few extra people in this
household, that were not the children of Luther and Sophia (Barney) Coe,
including the two free white males of 16 through 26 and the one free white
female of 10 through 16.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We are not sure
who these people were, but they do not appear to be the right age to be Mary
Ann and her sons.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 29 May 1822, and article regarding the opening of a road
between Columbus, Ohio and Sandusky, Ohio in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Sandusky Clarion</i> as follows: “Messrs. Campbell &
Champlin.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It will doubtless be
gratifying to many of your readers, and interesting to the community at large,
to know that a direct road will soon be opened from this place, to Columbus,
through a part of the new purchase, or public lands of the United States.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The state commissioners and surveyor, Solomon
Smith, Luther Coe and James Kilbourn, Esq. with their assistance arrived here
yesterday; having explored and surveyed a line for a State Road from Norton, in
Delaware County, where the Great Northern Road from Columbus now passes, by
Claridon, in the county of Marion, and Bucyrus in Crawford, to this place.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They report the distance to be one hundred
and five miles from Columbus here; that the ground is excellent for a road; the
course very direct; and that much of the new land upon the route, is of the
first quality, abounding with excellent timber, and every where, such as to
invite the enterprise of emigrants, and ultimately to form a dense and rich
settlement.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[58]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>James Kilbourne was the Surveyor and Solomon
Smith and Luther Coe were the Commissioners of the road.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[59]</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 26 Jul 1822 the Directors of
the Farmers’ Exporting Company of Huron County, comprising of Luther Coe,
Ebenezer Guthrie, John McMillan, Mr. Raymond, and Eppenetus Starr, place a
notice in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Sandusky Clarion</i>
stating that a meeting of the company would be held on the second Monday of
August next, “for the purpose of consulting upon the necessary measures to be
adopted, in relation to making up a Drove of Cattle for Market”.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[60]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 15 Jan 1823 the New Haven Post Office
placed a notice of letters remaining in that post office as of 31 Dec 1822 in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Sandusky Clarion. </i>According to the
notice, Luther had two unclaimed letters.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[61]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A few months later, on April 23, 1823, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Sandusky Clarion</i> ran another notice
regarding letters remaining in the New Haven Post Office as of 31 Mar 1823.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Luther Coe was listed as having one unclaimed
letter in this notice.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[62]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>An article in the same newspaper, dated 8 Oct
1823, listed candidates for the next election.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Running for Senator were Jabez Wright and Josiah Barber; for
Representative were Eleutheros Cooke, Ebenezer Merry and Israel Harrington; for
Commissioner (of which two would be elected), were Eli S. Barnum, Timothy
Taylor, Platt Benedict, Schuyler Van Rensselaer, Martin G. Shellhouse and Eli
Holiday, with Zebediah Morse declining; for Sherriff were Harvey G. Morse,
Philo Adams and Luther Coe; for Auditor, running unopposed, was Moses Kimball;
for Coroner were Luke Keeler, Samuel Preston, John Boalt and Charles F. Drake.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[63]</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 15 Feb 1824 an advertisement
for Hascell’s patent Grist Mills was given to <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Mansfield Gazette</i>, and run in that paper on 18 Mar 1824.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It states: “We the undersigned hereby
certify, that we have seen in operation one of Hascell’s patent Grist Mills,
owned by Luther Coe, Esq. in New Haven, which ground one bushel of corn (not
tolled) into good fine meal in 11 minutes with one horse power.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“We believe the improvement to be very important for the construction of
horse mills, as well as mills on small streams of water, requiring not more
than one third the power of common mills, in consequence of the stones being
conical, and performing the work much nearer the spindle, and discharging the
grain sooner.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(Signed) Powers, Ebenezar
Fisher, David Gunsaulis.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>“We the undersigned having seen one of Messrs. John & David
Haskell’s improved patent Grist Mills, owned by Luther Coe, Esq. now in
operation in the township of New Haven, Huron county, with a twenty-one inch
stone, and carried by one horse power – we have had grinding done at said mill
for several months past, and we feel it our duty to inform the public that we
believe the said invention to be a very valuable improvement for horse mill,
and also for water mills on small streams, as it does not take to exceed one
third the power to carry them that it does horizontal stones of the same
surface.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The mill grinds from four to
five bushels in an hour, and has given general satisfaction to customers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We also believe that it will grind faster and
equally as well as mills on the common construction.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(Signed) David Powers, George Yearina, Seth
F. Fortee, Hosea Harnden, Wm. B. Matthewson, Jesse B. Frost, William York,
Aaron Servis, David Cole, Samuel Gloyd, John D. Bovier, John Watson, John
Barney, Horace Hough, A.D. W. Bodley, A.F. Wilson, Daniel Gunsaullus, Joseph
Wilson, [of] New Haven.”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[64]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">I<span style="font-size: small;">t would be interesting to know what kind of monetary consideration was given to Luther by the patent holders of Hascell’s Patent Grist Mills. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Based on an article regarding letters remai</span>ning in the New
Haven, OH Post Office that ran in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Sandusky
Clarion</i>, on 24 Jul 1824, it would appear that Mary Ann’s father (and Luther
and Alvin’s half-brother) Ithamar Coe, visited New Haven, OH in the spring of
1824<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[65]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was Mary Ann living with Luther Coe and
family?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In the August 1824 term of the
Huron County Court of Common Pleas, Luther Coe and Henry Barney were defendants
in a suit brought by Harvey Westfall for a debt of $272.50 and damages of
$48.25.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the suit, Harvey Westfall
claimed that Luther and Henry trespassed, giving some indication that the suit
may have had to do with monies owed for property<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[66]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Having been found responsible for this debt,
Luther Coe and Henry Barney’s property was put up for sale by Sheriff H.G.
Morse as follows: Sheriff’s Sale. State of Ohio, Huron County, ss.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>By virtue of a writ of Ven. Exponas, to be
directed and delivered, issued from the court of common pleas in and for the
county aforesaid, will be exposed for sale at the house of Luther Coe, in
New-Haven, on the 28<sup>th</sup> day of February instant, between the hours of
10 A.M., and 4 P.M. of that day, 2 yoke of Oxen, 2 horse, 4 two year old
Steers, 3 cows, 2 yearling Heifers, 50 bushels of wheat, 20 bushels of oats, 3
tons of hay, 9 hogs, one plough, one harrow, one fanning-mill, one grind-stone,
50 bushels of potatoes, 2 chains, and one clock; taken as the property of
Luther Coe, and Henry Barney, at the suit of Harvey Westfall.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>H.G. MORSE, Sheriff, Feb. 18, 1826.”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[67]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Between the dates of the appearance docket
and the outcome of the suit, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Sandusky
Clarion </i>ran an article regarding letters remaining in the New Haven, Ohio
Post Office as of 30 Jun 1825.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Luther
Coe’s name appeared on this list.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[68]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In the March 1826 term of the
Huron County Court of Common Pleas, Luther Coe brought suit against Moses S.
Beach.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>An issue docket related to this
suit and dated 26 Feb 1827 stated that “Pltff’s death suggested... [case]
discontinued”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[69]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Between March 1826 and Feb 1827 Luther’s name
was listed in two newspaper articles running the names of unclaimed letters in
the New Haven Post Office on 31 Mar 1826<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[70]</span></span></span></span>, and 30
June 1826<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[71]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Luther’s obituary states that he died “On the
13<sup>th</sup> Sept 1827... in the 43th year of his age.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mr. Coe was one of the first settlers of this
county and consequently encountered many of its early embarrassments, and
privations, he left his place of residence (New Haven,) on a visit to Franklin
Indiana, at which place he resigned his life.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>In recording his worth, we can say he was endowed with virtues
pre-eminently calculated to inspire unlimited confidence and conciliate the
most cordial esteem.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>To a mind
indefatigable in the pursuit of piety and christianity, he united a heart rich
in the qualities of greatness; honor; honesty and benevolence, were its most
prominent characteristics, patient and persevering, temperate yet inflexible –
few errors escaped his vigilence, no calumny provoked his passions; as a
husband and a father, he was indulgent and affectionate, as a friend, warm and
without guile, as a companion, facetious and improving – his memory will be
long cherished by those who had the pleasure of his acquaintance and his
irrepairable loss to his bereaved family, can never be erased from their minds
– yet will they not grieve as those without hope; but recollecting his strict
principles of morality and religion and the innocent and amiable tenor of his
life, look forward with a mournful pleasure to their re-union to him, in that
blessed world, where the pains of separation shall not be felt, or sorry of any
description invade the soul...”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[72]</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Luther’s widow, Sophia (Barney)
Coe and her cousin, Hallet Gallup, were appointed administrators of Luther’s
estate, with Christian Culp and Rouse Bly acting as sureties on the
estate.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Based on the probate records at
the Huron County Surrogate’s Court, it does not appear that Luther owned any
real estate.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In fact, his meager
belongings only included “a nursery on the farm of Rouse Bly [appraised at
$4.00]; one Auger [appraised at 87 ½ <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">¢</span>];
one Wooden Clock [appraised at $6.00]; one grind stone [appraised at $1.00];
one large Iron kittle [appraised at $3.00]; Foure Hogs [appraised at $2.50];
and one half of three rows of current bushes [appraised at $1.00].<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Total value of Luther Coe’s estate was listed
at $18.37 ½.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to the probate
record, H. Gallup and Sophia Coe “certify that the debts due to the estate of
Luther Coe deseast, Late of Newhaven Huron County and State of Ohio – as they
have come to our knowledge, amounts to one hundred one dollars thirty seven
cents.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>[Dated and signed] May 12<sup>th</sup>
1828”.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[73]</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Luther and Sophia (Barney) Coe
had six children that we know of: Brigadier General Seymour Barney Coe, born 17
Jan 1818 in New Haven, OH, who married Martha Patterson, had one child, Seymour
B. Coe, and died Feb 1888 in Jerusalem, Yates County, New York; Deacon Julius
Seward Coe, born 27 May 1819 in New Haven, married Mary Ann Szerdahely Von
Berlan 25 Sep 1849 in Norwalk, OH, by whom he had eight children, and died 10
Dec 1882, in Madison, Morris County, New Jersey; Mary Jane Coe, born 21 Nov
1820 in New Haven, who married Thomas Stibbs 15 Apr 1846 in Sugar Creek
Township, Wayne County, Ohio, by whom she had at least five children prior to
her death about 1903 in New York City; Persis Sophia Coe, born 14 Sep 1822 in
New Haven, who married Deacon Peter Swartout Brinkerhoff 30 Apr 1842 in Huron
County, OH, by whom she had five children prior to her death on 3 Jan 1855 in
New Haven; Danvers Luther Coe, born 17 Oct 1824 in New Haven, who married Eliza
Jane Hannah 18 Feb 1847, by whom he had thirteen children prior to his death 18
Feb 1873 in Wooster, Wayne County, Ohio; and Emily Maria Coe, born 13 Oct 1826
in New Haven, who married Henry Southwell (nothing more is known of this
family).</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The widow Sophia (Barney) Coe,
whose half sister Mary Barney had married Rouse Bly on 20 Mar 1820 in New
Haven, OH<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[74]</span></span></span></span>
and died in 1829 in New Haven<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[75]</span></span></span></span>, would
herself marry Rouse Bly on 26 Apr 1830 in Paris, Huron County, OH<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[76]</span></span></span></span>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">According to the 21 Apr 1827 issue of the Norwalk (Ohio)
Reporter and Advertiser, a letter remained in the Norwalk Post Office from the
21<sup>st</sup> of March 1827 for a Sally Pomeroy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>To our knowledge, no other Pomeroys were in
Norwalk during this time, so it leads us to wonder whether this was a letter
intended for Mary Ann.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We may never know.</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Mary Ann in Norwalk, OH - Property and Divorce</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The earliest record we have that puts Mary Ann in Norwalk,
Huron County, Ohio is a deed dated 6 Jul 1825, in which she purchased, from
Edward Petit, part of lot 6 in Norwalk, excepting the 18’ x 24’ portion whereon
stood a shop.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to the deed,
Mary Ann paid $120, cash in hand<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[77]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We have found no mortgage associated with
this deed.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">It is likely, though, that Mary Ann was in Norwalk prior to
this date, as she filed a petition for divorce from her husband Spencer Pomeroy
in the August 1823 session of the Huron County Court, which was located in
Norwalk.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 16 August 1824 a judgment
was passed in which this petition was “discontinued”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[78]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We’re not sure which party “discontinued” the
petition, was it the County Court, or Mary Ann?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>We speculate that the petition for divorce was initiated because Mary
Ann was interested in buying property and as a married woman in those days, any
property she owned automatically belonged to her husband.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As Spencer was still living in Onondaga
County, New York, we initially thought it unlikely that Spencer would ever know
about Mary Ann’s purchase of property, but once we started to research the
residents of Norwalk, we realized that many came from Pompey and Manlius, and
could possibly have alerted Spencer to Mary Ann’s actions.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Given this, it would appear that Mary Ann’s decision to buy
the property on lot 6 from Edward Petit was a rash decision, but we do not know
what other events may have precipitated this.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>We also do not know what Mary Ann’s relationship to Edward Petit
was.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Edward Pettit was born about 1796<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[79]</span></span></span></span>,
possibly in New York State, as his younger sister Jerusha is identified as
being born in NY in 1801according to the 1850 US Federal Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Edward is enumerated in the 24 May 1819
census of Norwalk<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[80]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 3 Aug 1822 he purchased lot 6 in Norwalk
from Peter Tice for $150.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Edward also
appears in the 1823 Census of Norwalk<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[81]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When Edward sold the property on lot 6 to
Mary Ann on 6 Jul 1825, he was about 29 years old, and single.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mary Ann would have been 35 years old.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Edward died a mere nine months after, on 21
Apr 1826.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His short obituary (the
standard of the day) in the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sandusky
Clarion</i> states: “Died in Norwalk, on the 21<sup>st</sup> instant, Mr.
Edward Pettit, in the 30<sup>th</sup> year of his age – a very worthy,
industrious citizen and neighbor.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Printers in New York are requested to publish the above, for the
information of his relatives and friends.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[82]</span></span></span></span>”</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Administration of Edward Pettit’s estate was initially
granted to Samuel Preston and Cyrus Butler on 10 May 1826, but was transferred
to Salmon Sharp of Dryden, Tompkins County, New York on 26 Jun 1826.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Salmon Sharp was the brother of Ephraim
Sharp, who was married to Jerusha Pettit, a younger sister of Edward.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Salmon P. Sharp was born 24 Jan 1793 in Connecticut.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was a Lieutenant in the 109<sup>th</sup>
Regiment of Infantry of the New York Militia in 1816, a Captain of that same
regiment in 1818, and a Major of that regiment in 1820<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[83]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was head of household in the 1820 US
Federal Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the household were
one free white male under 10, one free white male of 26 through 44, one free
white female under 10, and one free white female of 16 through 25,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>with two persons in the household were
engaged in agriculture.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On the same
census page is John Sharp, whose household contains one free white male of 10
through 15, one free white male of 26 through 44, and one free white female of
16 through 25, with two persons engaged in agriculture.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to the book “American Guthrie and
Allied Families”, Salmon Sharp was the son of Eliakim Sharp and Hannah Guthrie,
and had 14 siblings: Jerusha Sharp; Nichols Sharp; Philine Sharp; born 1 Jan
1787 in Locke, Cayuga County, NY; Clarissa Sharp, born 21 Sep 1788 in Locke,
Amaluna Sharp, born 15 Aug 1790 in Locke, who married Asaph Webster and died 22
Jan 1870 in Footville, Rock County Wisconsin; Harlow Sharp, born 2 Nov 1794 in
Locke; Ephraim Sharp, born 8 Sep 1796 in Locke, who married Jerusha Pettit;
Mary Sharp, born 13 Sep 1798 in Locke; Aurelia Sharp, born 22 Jun 1801 in
Locke; Juliana Sharp, born 28 Dec 1803 in Locke; Sheldon Whittlesey Sharp, born
3 Apr 1809 in Locke, Hannah Sharp; Jane Sharp; and Calvin Sharp.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The book also states that Salmon was born in
Locke<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[84]</span></span></span></span>, but
all census records we have found that indicate place of birth, consistently
report that Salmon was born in Connecticut.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">No John Sharp is identified in the genealogy <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">American Guthrie and Allied Families</i><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[85]</span></span></span></span> as a
brother of Salmon, but there may be some other relationship between these two
Sharps.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The connection with Salmon Sharp
and Edward Pettit is tenuous, at best, and I wonder if there is more of a
connection between these families.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It would
seem more likely that Jerusha’s husband Ephraim Sharp would act as administrator
of Edward’s estate, rather than her brother-in-law Salmon.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">An article in Vol. XI of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
Firelands Pioneer</i>, by Hadley K. Rood, lists members and visitors of the Mt.
Vernon (Masonic) Lodge Number 64 in Norwalk, Ohio from 1821 through 1828.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>S. Sharp is identified, although no specific
date is mentioned<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[86]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We assume that the S. Sharp is Salmon Sharp,
which would identify him as a mason.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Did
Salmon have other connections with Norwalk, other than administering Edward
Pettit’s estate?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 26 Jun 1826, Salmon Sharp (or more likely his agent Cyrus
Butler) placed a notice in the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sandusky
Clarion</i> which ran prior to and on 5 Aug 1826 as follows:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">“Notice.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">All persons having just claims
against the estate of Edward Petit, late of Norwalk, Huron county, deceased,
are hereby notified to present them to Cyrus Butler, (whom I have appointed my
agent,) legally proven, for settlement, within one year from this date; and all
persons indebted to said estate, are requested to make immediate payment to the
said Cyrus Butler.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">SALMON SHARP, Adm'r.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Norwalk, June 26th, 1826<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>9-4we[?]<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[87]</span></span></span></span>”</span></span></div>
</blockquote>
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</span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">On 7 Jul 1826, a mortgage on
the property of the estate of Edward Petit, amounting to $157.50 was given by
Leverett Bradley to Salmon Sharp, as administrator of the estate<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[88]</span></span></span></span>.</span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">According to the book <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Landmarks of Tompkins County, New York</i>,
on 22 Nov 1827, the Tompkins County Board of Supervisors met to discuss the
establishment of a county poor house.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On
that day a “resolution was passed declaring the advisability of establishing a
poor-house and appropriating the sum of $4,000 for that purpose.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Of the sum appropriated, $1,500 were to be
levied at the session, $1,250 in 1828, and the remaining $1,250 in 1829.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A committee of one from each town was named
to superintend the work of building, consisting of the following named persons:
Solomon Sharp, Dryden [Salmon?]; John Guthrie, Groton; Sullivan D. Hubbel,
Hector; Elbert Curtis, Danby; Nicholl Halsey, Ulysses; Gilbert J. Ogden,
Enfield; John White, Newfield; Nicholas Townsley, Lansing; Ira Tillotson,
Ithaca; Charles Mulks, Caroline.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[89]</span></span></span></span>”</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><br /></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">On 6 Jul 1829, Salmon Sharp
and Mary Freese of Dryden were appointed the administrators of the estate of
the late Henry Freese of Dryden.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[90]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Henry Frees was listed as head of household
in Dryden, Tompkins County, New York, according to the 1820 US Federal
Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the household is one free
white male of 26 through 44, and one free white female of 15 through 25.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Two people in the household are engaged in
agriculture.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A Mary Friece is head of
household in Dryden according to the 1830 US Federal Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In her household is one free white male of 5
through 9, one free white female under 5, one free white female of 5 through 9,
one free white female of 20 through 29 and one free white female of 60 through
69.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Listed below Mary on this census is
a John Friece and a Barbara Friece, heads of households.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Near the bottom of the census page is a
Samuel Sharpe listed as head of household.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>In his household is one free white male under 5, one free white male of
5 through 9, 1 free white male of 10 through 14, one free white male of 30
through 39, one free white female of 5 through 9, 1 free white female of 10
through 14 and one free white female of 30 through 39.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This may be Salmon Sharp and his family.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Could Mary Freese have been Salmon’s sister?</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">On 8 Jan 1830, the Ithaca
Journal ran a notice of a list of letters remaining in the post-office in
Dryden on 1 Jan 1830.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This list included
two letters for Salmon Sharp<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[91]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Salmon placed a notice in the Ithaca Journal
on 26 Jan 1830 which ran on 17 Feb 1830 stating:</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><blockquote class="tr_bq">
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">“SALMON SHARP, notice first
published January 20<sup>th</sup> 1830: creditors to appear before Andrew D.W.
Bruyn, Esq. first judge of Tompkins county, at his office in Ithaca, on the
ninth day of March 1830, at 10 o’clock in the forenoon.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>6w49</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">NOTICE – All persons having
demands against the subscriber are requested to meet at the time and place
above mentioned, when a full and satisfactory explanation will be given of the
causes that produced the necessity of the above transaction.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 7;"> </span>SALMON
SHARP</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">January 26.<span style="mso-tab-count: 8;"> </span>50<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[92]</span></span></span></span>”</span></span></div>
</blockquote>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">On 31 Mar 1830, a notice was
placed in the Ithaca Journal stating:</span></span></div>
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</span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">NOTICE.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">THE undersigned, having been
duly appointed as Trustee of the estate of SALMON SHARP, an Insolvent Debtor of
the town of Dryden in the County of Tompkins, gives notice that all persons
indebted to the said Insolvent are hereby required by the 7th day of May next
to render an account of all debts and sums of Money owing by them respectively,
to me, at my dwelling house in the said town of Dryden, and to pay the same.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And all persons having in their possession
any property or effects of such debtor are required to deliver the same to the
said trustee by the day so appointed.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And also, all the creditors of such
Insolvent Debtor are hereby required to deliver their representative accounts
and demands to the said trustee by the 8th day of May next.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Dated at Dryden, N.Y. March 23 1830</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">5w58<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>WM.
BISHOP<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[93]</span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
</blockquote>
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</span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Regardless of his financial
woes, Salmon continued to pursue civic responsibilities, as illustrated in this
notice in the <i>Ithaca Journal</i> on 9 Jun 1830:</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><blockquote class="tr_bq">
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">“CELEBRATION AT LIBERTYVILLE</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The anniversary of American independence
will be celebrated at the Inn of Major Church in Libertyville, on Monday the 5<sup>th</sup>
of July next.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The order of the day will appear more
particularly previous to the day of celebration.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Gen. Daniel D. Minier,<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>Col. Charles Davis,</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Thomas Bishop,<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>Capt. John Bloom,</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Joseph Knettles, <span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>Nathan Benson, Esq.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Jesse McKenney,<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>Jacob L. Ozmon,</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Col. John C. Egbert,<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>Abraham Fletcher,</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Capt. Wm. M. Egbert,<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>Thomas Hanse, Esq.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Capt. Zenas Tichenor, jr.<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>Salmon Sharp,</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Col. John D. Christie,<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>Freeman Drake,</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">John Rose.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[94]</span></span></span></span>”</span></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Salmon was also concerned in
local politics, as evidenced by this notice in the Ithaca Journal, published 27
Oct 1830:</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><blockquote class="tr_bq">
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">TOWN OF DRYDEN.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">At a meeting of the Republican
Electors of the town of Dryden, held at the Inn of George B. Guinnip, on Monday
the 25th October, 1830, ABM. TANNER Esq. was chosen Chairman, and MOSES C.
BROWN, Secretary.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Resolved, That Parley Whitmore, Col. Bowen
Sweetland, Asa Phillips, Edward Hunting, Benjamin Aldridge, Wm. F. Tanner,
Moses C. Brown, James Sweetland, George Carr, Wint Allen, Joseph Hart, James
McElhany, Wm. Sutfin, Richard Lacy, Hiram A. Root, James Lacy, Albert Phillips,
Salmon Sharp, Casper Miller, Henry Krum, Samuel Gume, Israel S. Hoyt, David J.
Baker, Ebenezer Brown, John Munson Constant Webster, Isaac Smith, and Libbeus
B. Guile, be a committee of Vigilence to attend the Polls, and use their
exertions to promote the success of the Republican Ticket in this town.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Resolved, That we cordially approve of the
National and State administrations.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Resolved, That we approve of the nominations
of ENOS T. THROOP, and EDWARD P. LIVINGSTON for Governour and
lieutenant-governour, JOSEPH REYNOLDS, for Senator, - CHARLES HUMPHREY, for
member of Congress, and CALEB SMITH, DANIEL B. SWARTWOOD and DANIEL D. MINIER,
for members of Assembly; and that we will use all honourable means to ensure
their election.</span></span></div>
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</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Resolved, That we view political
Anti-Masonry as any thing but honest Republicanism</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Resolved, That the proceeding of this
meeting by signed by the Chaiman [sic] and Secretary and published.</span></span></div>
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</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ABM. TANNER, Chairman</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>MOSES C. BROWN, Sec'y.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[95]</span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">A Sergeant Salmon Sharp of
Cayuga County received a military pension for his service in the 23<sup>rd</sup>
Regiment of the U.S. Infantry on 15 Dec 1831<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[96]</span></span></span></span>,</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><br /></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Salmon and his family had
settled in Adams, Hillsdale County, Michigan by May 1835 according to the book <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of Hillsdale County Michigan</i>: </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">“The first settler in what is
now the township of Adams was Salmon Sharp, who came with his son, Norman S.
Sharp, from Auburn, Cayuga Co., N.Y., in the spring of 1835.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He selected his land in the month of April of
that year, and while his son stayed upon it he went on foot to Monroe, recorded
his entry at the land-office, and returned in the same way.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While Mr. Sharp, Sr., returned to New York
for his family, the son and Samuel Healey, who had also come, kept
"bachelors' hall" in a log house which was erected by Salmon Sharp
and son, and his brother, Sheldon W. Sharp, with the aid of George Omens, who
was at that time stopping at the "Scipio House" in Moscow, on the
Chicago road, at the west line of the township, where Lorenzo Benson now
lives.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mr. Omens made the shingles for
Mr. Sharp's house, and afterwards for others in the vicinity.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This rude dwelling was 10 logs high, and 18
by 24 feet in dimensions, and was the first one erected in the township for the
use of a white family.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Salmon Sharp is now residing in Wayne Co.,
Ia., aged eighty-six years, and his brother, Sheldon W. Sharp, in
California.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Norman S. Sharp, who is
still living in Adams, is consequently its oldest resident settler, and
occupies land entered by his father, on section 2, west of the old farm.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His wife is a daughter of Sylvester Twogood,
who settled a mile farther north, in Mosco, in June, 1836.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was from Dryden, Tompkins Co., N.Y., and
has been dead over thirty years.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His
widow is still living.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>At the same time Salmon Sharp selected his
land in Adams, his brother, Sheldon W. Sharp, S.A. Whittaker, and Samuel Healey
located close by in Moscow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They were
conducted to it by Zacharia Van Duzar, of Moscow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Lot Fulkerson also settled in Moscow, in the
same neighborhood (section 35) at about the same time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the fall of the same year (1835) the
families of S.A. Whittaker, James Fitten, and Anthony Ingham came to their new
homes in the forest, from near Lawrence, Mass.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>They all located on the tract taken up by Mr. Whittaker.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[97]</span></span></span></span>”</span></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Salmon’s wife Eunice (White)
died in 1857 in Iowa, and Salmon died 23 Oct 1879 in Iowa.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He is buried in the Sharp Cemetery in Walnut,
Wayne Co., IA<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[98]</span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><br /></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">As part of the settlement of
Edward Pettit’s estate, the heirs of Edward Pettit deeded the shop on lot 6 in
Norwalk, OH to Mary Ann Pomeroy on 28 Jul 1826, for $75.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Named in the deed as heirs to Edward Pettit
were “William Swansbrough and Lucy his wife, Ephraim Sharp and Jerushia his
wife, Hyrum Young and Ann his wife, Lydia Sharp, widow of James Pettit all of
the State of New York”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[99]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Once again, no mortgage was found associated
with this deed.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A ‘divorce’ between Mary Ann and Spencer Pomeroy was found
in the Huron County, Ohio Deed book as follows<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[100]</span></span></span></span>:</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">“Spencer Pomeroy to Mariam his
Wife Cancel of Marriage Contract</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">This may Certify to all whom
it may concern that I Spencer by a Mutual agreement between me and my wife
Mariam, have, and do by these presents revoke, and disannull the marriage
covenant between myself and the said Mariam forever, and that I do discharge
her the said Mariam in every particular manner name or nature whatsoever, as
being no longer my wife, and she has liberty and full right to marry and live
with any one that she may make her choice so far as it may concern me, as I
will never disturb her in any situation in life whatsoever witness my hand and
seal</span></span></div>
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</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Spencer Pomeroy LS</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Dated at Pompey this 19t day
of October 1816.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Witness Calvin S Ball</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Recd and Recorded August 7t
1834 Paul G. Smith Dep.(crossed out)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Ichabod Marshall Recorder”</span></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Such types of arrangements can be found printed in early
newspapers, which, while not legal divorces, do provide some protection from
one party against the others’ expenses.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Was this devise created in lieu of a formal divorce?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was this a legitimate, New York State
approved divorce?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It seems
unlikely.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1816 in New York State,
divorces were granted through the Chancery Court.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>No records of this divorce have been found in
the NY State Chancery Court records.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">It is interesting to note that the witness to this
‘homemade’ divorce was Calvin J. Ball, Mary Ann’s cousin (son of her mother’s
younger brother Lebbeus Ball, Jr.)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>At
the date of this divorce, Calvin was just 18 years old<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[101]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Calvin would later become the Pompey, NY town
clerk from 1832 through 1841, 1844 through 1846, 1848 through 1851 and again
from 1852 to 1867<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[102]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Calvin was an acting town clerk when this
divorce was received and recorded in Huron County, Ohio.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mary Ann’s husband Spencer Pomeroy was dead
by this time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was this divorce a convenient
deception created by Calvin Ball at a later date to help out a favorite
cousin?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Although Mary Ann Pomeroy was deeded property on in lot 6 in
Norwalk, there is some confusion regarding whether Mary Ann actually paid for
this property, as the estate continues to assume the tax burden through 1834<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[103]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The 1826 tax roll for Norwalk, Ohio, lists
Edward Petit owing taxes for property for the whole of lot 6, valued at
$80.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The 1827 and 1829 tax rolls for
Norwalk, Ohio, lists the Estate of Edward Pettit responsible for taxes incurred
on the whole of lot 6, valued at $80.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The 1831 and 1832 tax records for Norwalk, Ohio, show that the Estate of
Edward Pettit is paying taxes on lot 6 in the town, valued at $150 and assessed
for a canal tax, a school tax, a road tax and a township tax.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">1833 and 1834 tax records for Norwalk, Ohio, lists the
Estate of Edward Pettit responsible for taxes incurred on the whole of lot 6,
valued at $150.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1835 tax records for
Norwalk, Ohio, show that Mary Ann Powers was taxed for property on town lot 6,
valued either at, we believe, $358 (copy of microfilm is very difficult to
read).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As nearly as we can make out, she
and others in the town owning property, were assessed a canal tax, a school tax,
a road tax and a township tax.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There was
no listing for heirs of Edward Petit in that year.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There are no records for a Mary Ann Powers on
the 1836 or 1837 Norwalk Ohio tax rolls.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>In 1838, Mary Ann Powers was taxed on property on town lot 6, this time
valued at $215.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>. </span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In fact, Edward Pettit’s estate was not settled until 30 Mar
1908, almost 82 years after his death, after a new administrator, Ben B.
Wick[h]am, was appointed on the 28<sup>th</sup> of that month, and submitted an
affidavit stating that “no money, or other property to the value of anything
ever, came into (his) possession, or into the possession of any other person
for (him), as such administrator; that there is not property of any kind in
expectancy dependent upon the settlement of the estate of any deceased person,
or upon the execution of any trust, that will come into (his) hands, as such
administrator as (he) verily believe(s) except a mortgage given by Leverett
Bradley to Salmon Sharp as administrator of the estate of Edward Petit, which
stands uncancelled of record, which mortgage was executed July 27, 1826, to
secure the payment of a loan of $157.50 which loan as (he) verily believe(s)
had been paid and discharged”.</span></div>
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</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Prior to that, on 1 Mar 1826,
Mary Ann Pomeroy again petitioned the Huron County Court for a divorce from
Spencer Pomeroy:</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">“2/84 (vol./pg?)</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Pleas before the Honourable the Judges of
the Supreme Court begun and held in Norwalk in and for the County of Huron State
of Ohio on the Ninth day of August, AD 1827.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mary Ann Pomeroy<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>vs. Spencer Pomeroy</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Petition for Divorce,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Be it remembered that on the ninth day of
August AD 1827 came the Petition by her Atty and presents the following
petition to wit,</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>To the Honourable the Supreme Court of the
State of Ohio [and] to be held in [at] Norwalk in and for the County of Huron.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The petition of Mary Ann Pomeroy of Norwalk
in said County humbly showeth unto your [Honors] that on the fifth day of March
AD 1807 she was lawfully joined in marriage to Spencer Pomeroy of the State of
New York with whom she lived in the fruitful and constant performance of all
the duties of the marriage contract on her part until on or about the latter
end of the year 1811. When he the said Spencer without any cause known to your
Petitioner willfully absented himself and totally abandoned and deserted her
leaving her destitute of the means of living, with two infant children to
support and has ever since continued his absence and has never since furnished
her with any means to support herself or children, And your petitioner would
further state that during the time the said Spencer lived with her his conduct
was uniformly harsh barbarous and cruel in the extreme, And your petitioner
would further state that since her marriage with said Spencer his conduct
towards other women has been extremely lewd and improper and that he has been
guilty of the crime of Adultery..</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>May it therefore please your Honors to take
her unhappy situation into your deliberate consideration and by your Decree to
dissolve the marriage contract between her and the said Spencer and to restore
her to all the privileges of a femme sole and your petitioner as in duty bound
will ever "pray" </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">March 1st 1826</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Mary Ann Pomeroy by Wms her
Atty”</span></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">State of Ohio</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Huron County ss}<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Personally came before me Samuel Preston a
Justice of the peace in the Township of Norwalk in and for the County of Huron
Joseph C Curtiss of lawful age who being solemnly sworn deposith and with saith
that he did in on the 29th day of May last serve this copy of this Bill to
which this Deposition is attached upon Spencer Pomeroy in the State of New York
and informed him of the contents thereof,,</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Joseph C
Curtiss..</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">State of Ohio Huron
County}<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>August 3d AD 1826</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Then personally came</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">before my Joseph C Curtiss and
made oath as above stated..</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>S Preston
Jus Peace,,<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"> <span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[104]</span></span></span></span>“</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"></span></span></div>
</blockquote>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The petition was continued as follows:</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"></span></span></div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“And now at this Term of August 1826 came
the Pltff by her Atty and on Motion this cause is continued for notice,,<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[105]</span></span></span></span>”</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span></blockquote>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">In August 1827, the petition
was dismissed as follows:</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span></div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span>“And now at this Term of August 1827 came
the Petitioner by her Atty and thereupon this cause is dismissed for want of
Jurisdiction</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Calvin Pease
Chief Judge<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[106]</span></span></span></span>”</span></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">It appears that when Mary Ann was suing Spencer for a
divorce that this information was not published in the local paper (then the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sandusky Clarion</i>), as Spencer lived out
of state.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This could have kept her
situation much more private than those unlucky women whose names were splashed
across every newspaper for months at a time. </span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><br /></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">According to Henry Timman,
retired Clerk of the Huron County Court, author, Norwalk historian and member
of the Firelands Historical Society, the dismissal of this case seemed unusual
to him as “other divorces were granted when one party was out of state.”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[107]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The answer to this dismissal of this petition
may lie in the laws of the time.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><br /></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">According to <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
Statutes of Ohio and the Northwestern Territory, Vol. II</i>:</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“1.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Be it enacted &c. That the supreme court
shall have the sole cognizance of granting divorces where either of the parties
had a former wife or husband living at the time of solemnizing the second
marriage, or where either of the parties shall be willfully absent from the
other three years, or in case of adultery, or where either of the parties is
actually impotent at the time of marriage, or in case of extreme cruelty, or
where either party has been or shall hereafter be sentenced to imprisonment in
the penitentiary and is actually imprisoned therein for any infraction of the
criminal laws of this state; Provided, application shall be made for divorce
during the time of imprisonment aforesaid.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“2.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That in all
cases where divorces shall be applied for, the complainant shall file his or
her petition in the office of the clerk of the supreme court, three months
before the sitting of the said court, and shall also served the adverse party
with a copy of said petition, within one month after filing the same in the
office aforesaid, unless the party is not resident in the county, in which case
public notice shall be given in one of the newspapers of the state, for three
months, which petition shall state the true cause of complaint: whereupon, if
the party complained of reside within the county, a summons shall issue
requiring the party to appear before the judges of the said court and answer
the allegation of said petition, which answer shall be received without oath;
and if the party complained of shall not appear, or appearing, shall deny the
fact or facts stated in the said petition, the court shall thereupon proceed to
hear and determine the same, and it shall be the duty of the court to assign
counsel to either party, when they are not of sufficient ability to pay an
adequate compensation, and such counsel or attorney shall not charge or receive
any compensation for such services.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“3,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That if upon
trial, it shall appear by disinterested testimony to the satisfaction of the
court, that the party complained against, had a husband or wife of a former
marriage living, or was guilty of adultery*, willful absence [or] extreme
cruelty, or where either party has been or shall hereafter be sentenced to
imprisonment in the penitentiary, and shall be actually imprisoned therein for
any infraction of the criminal laws of this state, or shall have been impotent
at the time of marriage, then in any such case the court may proceed, by
sentence or decree, in the same court, to pronounce the marriage between the
parties dissolved, and both of them freed from the obligation of the same:
Provided, that the confession of neither of the parties shall be received as
testimony: Provided, always, that the dissolution of such marriage shall in
nowise affect the legitimacy of the children thereof, and the court shall take
such order for the distribution, care and maintenance of the children of such
marriage, (if any there be,) as shall appear just and reasonable and the
circumstanced of the parties may require: Provided, however, that the court in
their discretion, and where the evidence shall justify such decree, may grant
alimony and a divorce from bed and board, or either, instead of a dissolution
of the marriage contract.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“4.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That in all
cases where an application is made for a divorce, under the provisions of this
act, proof of co-habi[ta]tion and reputation of the marriage of the parties
may, at the discretion of the court, be taken and received by the court as
sufficient evidence of such marriage, any law usage or custom to the contrary
notwithstanding<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">†</span>.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“5.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That when a
divorce shall be decreed in case of the aggression of the husband, the woman
shall be restored to all her lands and tenements, and be allowed out of the
husband’s real and personal estate such share as the court shall think
reasonable, having regard to the personal property that came to him by marriage
and his estate at the time of divorce; but if the divorce shall arise from the
aggression of the wife, the court may order her, restoration of the whole or
part of the lands, tenements and hereditaments, (as to them shall appear to be
just and right,) and also share of the husband’s personal property as may
appear reasonable, all circumstances considered.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“6.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That when the
cause of divorce shall arise from the aggression of the wife, she shall be
barred of her right of dower whether there be issue or not.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“7.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That the said
court shall have power to grant alimony to the wife for her sustenance during
the pendency of a petition filed for any of the causes aforesaid: and in all
the cases aforesaid, where she may file a petition of alimony alone, without
the prayer for the dissolution of the bonds of matrimony.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“8.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That all
applications for divorce, under this act, shall be made within the county where
the parties lived at the time of their separation or application.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“9.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That this act
shall take effect and be in force from and after the first day of June next:
and the act concerning divorce and alimony, passed January eleventh, one
thousand eight hundred and twenty-two, be, and the same is hereby
repealed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>[Passed, January 7, 1824.]”</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">*The application for divorce is to the equitable
jurisdiction of the court, and must be decided by the principles which prevail
in courts of equity.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The complainant
must come with clean hands and chaste character, not stained with the same
infamy and crime of which he complains.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>When the parties are <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">in pari
delicto, </i>to grant relief to either of them, would be offering a bounty of
guilt.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It would place the permanency of
the marriage contract, in every case, at the disposal of the contracting
parties, and remove one of the strongest motives to that correctness and
chastity of conduct, which is necessary to render the marriage state either
pleasant or convenient.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Where the
applicant for divorce for the crime of adultery, is himself living in adultery,
the bill must be dismissed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mattox vs. Mattox, 2 O.R. 233.)</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">†</span> When
application was made for divorce on the ground that the defendant had a former
wife living at the time of the marriage with the complainant, and complainant
offered to prove the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">first marriage </i>by
cohabitation and reputation, the court refused to hear the evidence.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Houpt
vs. Houpt, 5 O.R. 539.)</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Depositions offered to support a petition for divorce, taken
without notice to defendant, or upon notice published in a newspaper, cannot be
read; though the defendant has no known agent or attorney, and no known place
of residence.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Lattier vs. Lattier, 5 O.R. 538.)</i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">As to what allegations a petition
for divorce should contain under O.L. c. 624, 736.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>See <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Lattier
</i>vs. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Lattier, </i>5 O.R. 538.”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[108]</span></span></span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">While this court case dragged
on, major personal events occurred in Mary Ann’s personal life.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 6 Aug 1826, in Le Roy, Genesee Co., NY,
Mary Ann’s mother, Sarah (Ball) Coe, died<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[109]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Within the month, on 26 Aug 1826, in Le Roy,
her father Ithamar Coe died<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[110]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It seems unlikely that Mary Ann and her
children could have afforded the trip to Le Roy for the burials.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><br /></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">In his will, dated 23 Aug
1826, Ithamar bequeathed $3 to his daughter Mary Ann Pomeroy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mary Ann’s brother Martin also received
$3.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Other siblings of Mary Ann and
Martin received substantially more of the estate.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[111]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As we know that Martin was a favored son, we
wonder whether both Martin and Mary Ann had been given their share of the
estate prior to Ithamar devising his will.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>How else would Mary Ann have had the money to purchase property in
Norwalk?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Martin was a considerable land
owner of the Craigie Tract of Western New York<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[112]</span></span></span></span>,
a trustee of the Presbyterian Church of Le Roy<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[113]</span></span></span></span>,
and had served as a Lieutenant Colonel and Colonel in the 195<sup>th</sup>
Infantry of the New York Militia<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[114]</span></span></span></span>.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><br /></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">On 7 Jul 1826, Mary Ann was
awarded a judgment in the Huron County Court against John D. Hoskins in the
amount of $14.54, and relating to the Edward Pettit estate as follows:</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">No. 104 - The State of
Ohio Huron County </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">“At a Court before S. Preston
J. Peace Feby. 8, 1826</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Mary Ann Pomeroy Plaintiff vs.
John D. Hoskins Defendant</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">July 7 1826<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Be it remembered that I Mary Ann Pomeroy for
a valuable consideration by me recd of Salmon Sharp Administrative of the
Estate of Edward Pettit Decd - have relinquished and assigned over to the said
Sharp all my right title and interest to the above judgment</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">(signed) Mary Ann Pomeroy</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">(for a debt of $14.54.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mary Ann Pomeroy won the case)”<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[115]</span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">So, Mary Ann, apparently not
having procured a legal divorce from Spencer Pomeroy in New York, and now unable
to get a legal divorce from Spencer in Ohio, was the owner of property in
Norwalk which could be seized by her husband.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Was the reason that Mary Ann’s petition for divorce from Spencer Pomeroy
was dismissed due to the fact that she may also have been in an adulterous
affair?</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<h3 class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><i><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Next Week: Part 4 - Mary Ann and Benjamin Junkins</span></i></b></span></h3>
<h3 class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><i><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"> </span></i><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Mincho";"></span></b></span></h3>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><div style="mso-element: endnote-list;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn1" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="margin-top: 12.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref1" name="_edn1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[1]</span></span></span></span></a>
Publication Committee, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Re-Union of the
Sons and Daughters of the Old Town of Pompey, Held at Pompey Hill, June 29,
1871</i> (Syracuse: Courier Printing Company, 1875) 296 - 300<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span></span></span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="margin-top: 12.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref2" name="_edn2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[2]</span></span></span></span></a> Jack
Gieck, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">A Photo Album of Ohio’s Canal Era,
1825-1913, </i>(Kent; The Kent State University Press, 1988) 200</span></div>
</div>
<div id="edn2" style="mso-element: endnote;">
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn3" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref3" name="_edn3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[3]</span></span></span></span></a>
G.T Stewart, Esq., “Luther Coe, Huron co., OH”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Fire Lands Pioneer, </i>Vol 1, Issue 2 (Nov 1858); P 46-48</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn4" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref4" name="_edn4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[4]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Robert Coe, Puritan: His Ancestors and
Descendants 1340-1910 with Notices of Other Coe Families, </i>136</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn5" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref5" name="_edn5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[5]</span></span></span></span></a>
Rev., John Seward, “The Pioneer Missionary”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Fire Lands Pioneer, </i>Vol 5, (June, 1864) P 103-105</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn6" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref6" name="_edn6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[6]</span></span></span></span></a>
”Luther Coe”, 46-48</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn7" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref7" name="_edn7" style="mso-endnote-id: edn7;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[7]</span></span></span></span></a>
William W. Pollock, “Fire Lands Reminiscences”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Fire Lands Pioneer, </i>Vol 1 [June, 1858] 43-44</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn8" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref8" name="_edn8" style="mso-endnote-id: edn8;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[8]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid.</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn9" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref9" name="_edn9" style="mso-endnote-id: edn9;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[9]</span></span></span></span></a>
A.H. Betts, “Memoir of Rev. Alvin Coe”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
Fire Lands Pioneer, </i>Vol 2 (Nov. 1859), 43-44</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn10" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref10" name="_edn10" style="mso-endnote-id: edn10;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[10]</span></span></span></span></a>
Crisfield Johnson, compiler, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of
Cuyahoga County, Ohio, </i>(Cleveland: D.W. Ensign & Co., 1879) 440</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn11" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref11" name="_edn11" style="mso-endnote-id: edn11;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[11]</span></span></span></span></a>
Mrs. Fannie Smith, ”Fire Lands Reminiscences”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Fire Lands Pioneer, </i>Vol 1, No 3 (March 1859) P 33-36</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn12" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref12" name="_edn12" style="mso-endnote-id: edn12;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[12]</span></span></span></span></a>
“Memoir of Rev. Alvin Coe”, 43-44</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn13" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref13" name="_edn13" style="mso-endnote-id: edn13;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[13]</span></span></span></span></a>
William S. Kennedy, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Plan of Union or
A History of the Presbyterian & Congregational Churches of the Western
Reserve, </i>(Hudson: Pentagon Steam Press, 1856) 176-177</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn14" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref14" name="_edn14" style="mso-endnote-id: edn14;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[14]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn15" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref15" name="_edn15" style="mso-endnote-id: edn15;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[15]</span></span></span></span></a>
Treaty of the Maumee Rapids [1817] [transcript], Ohio Historical Society online
[http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=440], accessed 6 Mar 2008</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn16" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref16" name="_edn16" style="mso-endnote-id: edn16;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[16]</span></span></span></span></a>
A Century of Lawmaking for a New Nation: U.S. Congressional Documents and
Debates, 1774-1875, Library of Congress online [http://memory.loc.gov/],
accessed 10 Mar 2008</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn17" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref17" name="_edn17" style="mso-endnote-id: edn17;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[17]</span></span></span></span></a>
The Huron County Chapter of OGS, Inc., “Greenfield”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Huron County Kinologist, </i>Vol 24, No. 2 (Spring 2009); 16</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn18" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref18" name="_edn18" style="mso-endnote-id: edn18;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[18]</span></span></span></span></a>
Charles B. Simmons, “Memoirs of Townships – Greenfield”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Fire Lands Pioneer, </i>Vol I [November, 1858]; 13-18</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn19" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref19" name="_edn19" style="mso-endnote-id: edn19;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[19]</span></span></span></span></a>
F.D. Parish, “Some Account of the Settlement of Perkins Township,” <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Fire Lands Pioneer, </i>Vol VI [June,
1865]; 9-17</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn20" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref20" name="_edn20" style="mso-endnote-id: edn20;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[20]</span></span></span></span></a>
Alvan Coe household, 1820 U.S. Census, Greenfield, Huron County, Ohio, P 79,
National Archives microfilm publication M33_88</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn21" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref21" name="_edn21" style="mso-endnote-id: edn21;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[21]</span></span></span></span></a>
The Huron County Chapter of OGS, Inc., “Greenfield,” <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Huron County Kinologist, </i>Vol 24, No 2 [Spring 2009]; 16</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn22" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref22" name="_edn22" style="mso-endnote-id: edn22;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[22]</span></span></span></span></a>
Rev. H. Smith & Harvey Fowler, “Incidents of the Early History of
Margaretta,” <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Fire Lands Pioneer, </i>Vol
II, No. I [September 1860]; 8-24</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn23" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref23" name="_edn23" style="mso-endnote-id: edn23;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[23]</span></span></span></span></a>
Hadley K. Rood, “Masonic Lodge Listed 1821-1828 Members and Visitors,” <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Fire Lands Pioneer, </i>Third Series
Volume XI [1993]; 9-10</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn24" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref24" name="_edn24" style="mso-endnote-id: edn24;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[24]</span></span></span></span></a>
Peru Township, Huron County, Ohio RootsWeb Ancestry.com online
[http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~ohhuron/townperu.html], accessed 7 Dec 2009</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn25" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref25" name="_edn25" style="mso-endnote-id: edn25;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[25]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Deed Records, Book 4, P 197, FHC Film # 396146, Salt Lake
City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn26" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref26" name="_edn26" style="mso-endnote-id: edn26;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[26]</span></span></span></span></a>
Alvin Coe household, 1830 U.S. Census, Morven, Marion County, Ohio, P 158,
National Archives microfilm publication M19_135</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn27" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref27" name="_edn27" style="mso-endnote-id: edn27;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[27]</span></span></span></span></a>
William S. Kennedy, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Plan of Union; or
A History of the Presbyterian & Congregational Churches of the Western
Reserve, </i>[Hudson: Pentagon Steam Press, 1856]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn28" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref28" name="_edn28" style="mso-endnote-id: edn28;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[28]</span></span></span></span></a>
Charles B. Gailbreath, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of Ohio,
Vol. II, </i>[Chicago and New York: The American Historical Society, Inc.,
1925]; 211-212</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn29" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref29" name="_edn29" style="mso-endnote-id: edn29;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[29]</span></span></span></span></a>
Alvin Coe household, 1840 U.S. Census, Vernon, Trumbull County, Ohio; P 134,
Line 3; National Archives microfilm publication roll 429</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn30" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref30" name="_edn30" style="mso-endnote-id: edn30;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[30]</span></span></span></span></a>
Andrew J. Blackbird, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of the
Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan, </i>[Ypsilanti: The Ypsilantian Job
Printing House, 1887]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn31" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref31" name="_edn31" style="mso-endnote-id: edn31;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[31]</span></span></span></span></a>
Alvan Coe household, 1850 U.S. Census, Vernon, Trumbull County, Ohio, P 313,
Dwelling 1267, Family 1308; National Archives microfilm publication M432_733</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn32" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref32" name="_edn32" style="mso-endnote-id: edn32;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[32]</span></span></span></span></a>
G.T. Stewart, Esq., “Luther Coe,” <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
Fire Lands Pioneer,</i> Vol I, Issue 2 [Nov 1858]; 46-48</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn33" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref33" name="_edn33" style="mso-endnote-id: edn33;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[33]</span></span></span></span></a>
“Mrs. Sarah Coe obituary”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Fire Lands
Pioneer, </i>New Series, Vol. II [1884];<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn34" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref34" name="_edn34" style="mso-endnote-id: edn34;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[34]</span></span></span></span></a>
Bly Sibbs Bible, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Holy Bible,
Containing the Old and New Testaments: Translated out of the original Tongues;
and with the former Translations Diligently Compared and Revised with Canne’s
Marginal References.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Together with The
Apocrypha and Index. Also References and a Key Sheet of Questions,</i> [N.Y.:
N.& J. White; 1833], in the possession of Margo Hall 6 Dec 2007</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn35" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref35" name="_edn35" style="mso-endnote-id: edn35;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[35]</span></span></span></span></a>
Hugh Hastings and Henry Harmon Noble, compilers, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Military Minutes of the Council of Appointment of the State of New
York, 1783-1821, </i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>[Albany: State of
New York, 1901] 692</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn36" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref36" name="_edn36" style="mso-endnote-id: edn36;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[36]</span></span></span></span></a>
Orsamus Turner, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Pioneer history of the
Holland purchase of Western New York, </i>[Buffalo: Jewett, Thomas & Co.,
1850], 521</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn37" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref37" name="_edn37" style="mso-endnote-id: edn37;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[37]</span></span></span></span></a>
Southampton, Genesee County, New York, 1803 Tax Assessment Rolls, Box 17,
Folder 7, Roll 7, unpaginated entries arranged alphabetically, entry for Luther
Coe, 28 June 1803; New York State Archives Series B-0950</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn38" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref38" name="_edn38" style="mso-endnote-id: edn38;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[38]</span></span></span></span></a>
F.W. Beers, editor, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Gazetteer and
Biographical Record of Genesee County, N.Y., 1788-1890, </i>[Syracuse: J.W.
Vose & Co., Publishers, 1890]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn39" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref39" name="_edn39" style="mso-endnote-id: edn39;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[39]</span></span></span></span></a>
Sale of Property article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Republican
Advocate, </i>Batavia, NY, 10 May 1838, P 3, Col 5.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn40" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref40" name="_edn40" style="mso-endnote-id: edn40;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[40]</span></span></span></span></a>
Dwight H. Bruce, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Onondaga’s Centennial,
Gleanings of a Century, </i>[Boston: The Boston History Company, 1896]; 943</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn41" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref41" name="_edn41" style="mso-endnote-id: edn41;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[41]</span></span></span></span></a>
Onondaga County, New York Civil Actions, Onondaga County Clerk’s Office,
Syracuse, NY</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn42" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref42" name="_edn42" style="mso-endnote-id: edn42;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[42]</span></span></span></span></a>
Ancestry.com, Salina, New York, Miscellaneous Records, 1805-1969 [database
on-line] Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Original data; Town of Salina, Onondaga
County, New York, Miscellaneous Collections 1805-1912, Liverpool, New York:
Town of Salina, image 19</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn43" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref43" name="_edn43" style="mso-endnote-id: edn43;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[43]</span></span></span></span></a>
Onondaga County, New York Civil Actions, Onondaga County Clerk’s Office,
Syracuse, NY</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn44" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref44" name="_edn44" style="mso-endnote-id: edn44;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[44]</span></span></span></span></a>
G.T. Stewart, Esq., “Luther Coe”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
Fire Lands Pioneer,</i> Vol I, Issue 2 [Nov 1858]; 46-48</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn45" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref45" name="_edn45" style="mso-endnote-id: edn45;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[45]</span></span></span></span></a>
Charles B. Simmons, “Memoirs of Townships – Greenfield,”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
Fire Lands Pioneer, </i>Vol I [Nov. 1858] 13-18</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn46" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref46" name="_edn46" style="mso-endnote-id: edn46;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[46]</span></span></span></span></a>
“Salina, New York, Miscellaneous Records, 1805-1969”, </span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn47" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref47" name="_edn47" style="mso-endnote-id: edn47;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[47]</span></span></span></span></a>
Roster of Ohio Soldiers in War of 1812, ohiohistory.org online
[http://www.ohiohistory.org/onlinedoc/war 1812/roster/1812/txt/page0097.txt],
accessed 5 Jun 2007</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn48" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref48" name="_edn48" style="mso-endnote-id: edn48;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[48]</span></span></span></span></a>
Mrs. Elizabeth Powers Minn, “Fire Lands Reminiscences”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Fire Lands Pioneer, </i>Vol 1 [March 1859]; 46-48</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn49" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref49" name="_edn49" style="mso-endnote-id: edn49;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[49]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn50" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref50" name="_edn50" style="mso-endnote-id: edn50;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[50]</span></span></span></span></a>
History of Richland County, Allen L Potts online
[http://www.heritagepursuit.com/Richland/RichlandIndex.htm], accessed 12 Feb
2008</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn51" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref51" name="_edn51" style="mso-endnote-id: edn51;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[51]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of the Fire Lands, Comprising
Huron and Erie Counties, </i>301</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn52" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref52" name="_edn52" style="mso-endnote-id: edn52;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[52]</span></span></span></span></a>
“Official Records of the Firelands”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
Fire Lands Pioneer</i> [Mar 1860]; 21-25</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn53" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref53" name="_edn53" style="mso-endnote-id: edn53;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[53]</span></span></span></span></a>
J. Gardner Bartlett, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Robert Coe, Puritan:
His Ancestors and Descendants 1340-1910 with Notices of Other Coe Families</i>,
[Boston: J. Gardner Bartlett, 1911] 199</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn54" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref54" name="_edn54" style="mso-endnote-id: edn54;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[54]</span></span></span></span></a>
Henry Barney household, 1810 U.S. Census, Genoa, Cayuga County, New York, P 1269;
National Archives microfilm publication M252_31</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn55" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref55" name="_edn55" style="mso-endnote-id: edn55;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[55]</span></span></span></span></a>
A.G. Stewart, Esq., “Memoirs of Townships – New Haven”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Fire Lands Pioneer, </i>[March, 1859]; 7-16</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn56" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref56" name="_edn56" style="mso-endnote-id: edn56;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[56]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid.</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn57" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref57" name="_edn57" style="mso-endnote-id: edn57;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[57]</span></span></span></span></a>
Luther Coe household, 1820 U.S. Census, New Haven, Huron County, Ohio, p 74;
National Archives microfilm publication M33_88</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn58" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref58" name="_edn58" style="mso-endnote-id: edn58;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[58]</span></span></span></span></a>
Road from Columbus to Sandusky article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
Sandusky Clarion, </i>Sandusky, OH, 29 May 1822, P 2 Col. 2</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn59" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref59" name="_edn59" style="mso-endnote-id: edn59;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[59]</span></span></span></span></a>
History of Crawford County, Chapter VIII, USGenWeb Crawford County, Ohio online
[http://www.heritagepursuit.com/Crawford/crCh8.htm], accessed 14 May 2007</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn60" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref60" name="_edn60" style="mso-endnote-id: edn60;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[60]</span></span></span></span></a>
Farmer’s Exporting Company of Huron County notice, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Sandusky Clarion, </i>Sandusky, OH, 31 Jul 1822, P 3, Col 3.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn61" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref61" name="_edn61" style="mso-endnote-id: edn61;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[61]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letters remaining at the New Haven Post Office article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Sandusky Clarion, </i>Sandusky, OH 15 Jan 1823</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn62" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref62" name="_edn62" style="mso-endnote-id: edn62;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[62]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letters remaining at the new Haven Post Office article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Sandusky Clarion, </i>Sandusky, OH 23 Apr 1823</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn63" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref63" name="_edn63" style="mso-endnote-id: edn63;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[63]</span></span></span></span></a>
Candidates for the suffrages of the people in the next election article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Sandusky Clarion, </i>Sandusky, OH 8 Oct
1823, P 1, Col 1</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn64" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref64" name="_edn64" style="mso-endnote-id: edn64;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[64]</span></span></span></span></a>
Hascell’s Patent Grist Mills advertisement, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
Mansfield Gazette, </i>Mansfield, OH, 18 Mar 1824</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn65" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref65" name="_edn65" style="mso-endnote-id: edn65;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[65]</span></span></span></span></a>
List of Letters Remaining at the New Haven Post Office 30<sup>th</sup> Jun 1824
article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sandusky Clarion, </i>Sandusky,
OH, 24 Jul 1824</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn66" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref66" name="_edn66" style="mso-endnote-id: edn66;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[66]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Common Pleas Appearance Docket, August Term 1824; Page 18,
FHL Film #129117, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn67" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref67" name="_edn67" style="mso-endnote-id: edn67;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[67]</span></span></span></span></a>
Sheriff’s Sale article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Sandusky
Clarion, </i>Sandusky, OH, 4 Mar 1826</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn68" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref68" name="_edn68" style="mso-endnote-id: edn68;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[68]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letters remaining at the New Haven Post Office notice, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Sandusky Clarion, </i>Sandusky, OH 9 Jul 1825.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn69" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref69" name="_edn69" style="mso-endnote-id: edn69;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[69]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County, Ohio Appearance Docket, March Term 1826; Page 240, FHL Film #
1299117, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn70" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref70" name="_edn70" style="mso-endnote-id: edn70;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[70]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letters remaining at the New Haven Post Office article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Sandusky Clarion, </i>Sandusky, OH, 15 Apr 1826.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn71" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref71" name="_edn71" style="mso-endnote-id: edn71;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[71]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letters remaining at the New Haven Post Office article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Sandusky Clarion, </i>Sandusky, OH, 8 Jul 1826, P 3, Col 5.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn72" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref72" name="_edn72" style="mso-endnote-id: edn72;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[72]</span></span></span></span></a>
Luther Coe obituary, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Norwalk Reporter
& Huron Advertiser, </i>Norwalk, OH, 27 Oct 1827, P 3, Col. 2.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn73" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref73" name="_edn73" style="mso-endnote-id: edn73;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[73]</span></span></span></span></a>
Luther Coe Probate File, Huron County, Ohio Probate Records, 1815-1900, Ohio
Probate Court (Huron County) FHL Film #130366, Salt Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn74" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref74" name="_edn74" style="mso-endnote-id: edn74;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[74]</span></span></span></span></a>
Erie & Huron Co., marriages thru 1838/from 1934 DAR transcription,
[www.rootsweb.com/pub/usgenweb/oh/erie/marriage/HurMar38.txt]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn75" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref75" name="_edn75" style="mso-endnote-id: edn75;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[75]</span></span></span></span></a>
J.H. Niles, “Rouse Bly”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Fire Lands
Pioneer, </i>Old Series, Vol VIII [Jun 1867]; 85-87</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn76" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref76" name="_edn76" style="mso-endnote-id: edn76;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[76]</span></span></span></span></a>
Married article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Huron Reflector, </i>Norwalk,
OH 4 May 1830, P 3, Col 3.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn77" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref77" name="_edn77" style="mso-endnote-id: edn77;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[77]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County Deed Records, Vol 4, P 441, Huron County Clerk’s Office, Norwalk,
OH</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn78" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref78" name="_edn78" style="mso-endnote-id: edn78;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[78]</span></span></span></span></a>
Mary Pomeroy vs. Spencer Pomeroy, (1824), County Clerk Office, Norwalk, OH.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn79" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref79" name="_edn79" style="mso-endnote-id: edn79;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[79]</span></span></span></span></a>
Edward Petit obituary, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sandusky Clarion, </i>Sandusky,
OH, 29 Apr 1826; P 3, Col 2.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn80" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref80" name="_edn80" style="mso-endnote-id: edn80;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[80]</span></span></span></span></a>
W.W. Williams, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of The Fire Lands,
Comprising Huron and Erie Counties, Ohio</i> (Cleveland: Leader Printing
Company, 1879) 118-119</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn81" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref81" name="_edn81" style="mso-endnote-id: edn81;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[81]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid, </i>119</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn82" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref82" name="_edn82" style="mso-endnote-id: edn82;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[82]</span></span></span></span></a>
Edward Pettit obituary, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sandusky Clarion</i>,
Sandusky, OH, 29 Apr 1826</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn83" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref83" name="_edn83" style="mso-endnote-id: edn83;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[83]</span></span></span></span></a>
Hugh Hastings and Henry Harmon Noble, compilers, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Military Minutes of the Council of Appointment of the State of New
York, 1783 – 1821, </i>(Albany: State of New York, 1901) 1700-1701, 1904, 2164.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn84" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref84" name="_edn84" style="mso-endnote-id: edn84;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[84]</span></span></span></span></a>
Laurence R. Guthrie, A.B., B.D., compiler, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">American
Guthrie and Allied Families, </i>(Chambersburg: The Kerr Printing Company,
1933) 152-3</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn85" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref85" name="_edn85" style="mso-endnote-id: edn85;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[85]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn86" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref86" name="_edn86" style="mso-endnote-id: edn86;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[86]</span></span></span></span></a>
Hadley K. Rood, “Masonic Lodge Listed 1821-1828 Members and Visitors”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Firelands Pioneer, </i>Third Series,
Volume XI (1993); 9-10</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn87" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref87" name="_edn87" style="mso-endnote-id: edn87;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[87]</span></span></span></span></a>
Notice- Administration of Edward Pettit’s Estate article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sandusky Clarion</i>, Sandusky 5 Aug 1826, p. 3 col. 5</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn88" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref88" name="_edn88" style="mso-endnote-id: edn88;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[88]</span></span></span></span></a>
Edward Pettit, Probate Docket #1, Huron County Probate Court, Norwalk, OH.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn89" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref89" name="_edn89" style="mso-endnote-id: edn89;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[89]</span></span></span></span></a>
John H. Selkreg, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Landmarks of Tompkins
County, New York, </i>(Syracuse: D. Mason & Co., 1894) 50.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn90" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref90" name="_edn90" style="mso-endnote-id: edn90;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[90]</span></span></span></span></a>
Abstracts of Wills, Administrations and Guardianships in N.Y. State, 1787-1835,
(Online database: NewEnglandAncestors.org, New England Historic Genealogical
Society, 2006), (From material originally compiled by William A.D. Eardeley,
now held by the Brooklyn Historical Society.)</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn91" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref91" name="_edn91" style="mso-endnote-id: edn91;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[91]</span></span></span></span></a>
List of Letters Remaining in the Post-Office at Dryden, on the January 1, 1830
article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ithaca Journal</i>, Ithaca, NY,
8 Jan 1830, p 3</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn92" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref92" name="_edn92" style="mso-endnote-id: edn92;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[92]</span></span></span></span></a>
Notice, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ithaca Journal, </i>Ithaca, NY 17
Feb 1830, p 3 col. 5.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn93" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref93" name="_edn93" style="mso-endnote-id: edn93;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[93]</span></span></span></span></a>
Insolvent Notice, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ithaca Journal, </i>Ithaca,
NY, 31 Mar 1830, p 3.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn94" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref94" name="_edn94" style="mso-endnote-id: edn94;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[94]</span></span></span></span></a>
Celebration at Libertyville notice, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ithaca
Journal,</i> Ithaca, NY, 9 Jun 1830, p. 3</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn95" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref95" name="_edn95" style="mso-endnote-id: edn95;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[95]</span></span></span></span></a>
Town of Dryden Republican Electors Notice, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ithaca
Journal,</i> Ithaca, NY, 27 Oct 1830, p 3.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn96" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref96" name="_edn96" style="mso-endnote-id: edn96;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[96]</span></span></span></span></a>
Report from the Secretary of War, in obedience to Resolutions of the Senate of
the 5<sup>th</sup> and 30<sup>th</sup> of June, 1834, and the 3d of March,
1835, in relation to the pension establishment of the United States (Volume
II),<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Serial Set Vol. No. 250,</i> (30 Jun
1834), S. Doc, 514 pt 2.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn97" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref97" name="_edn97" style="mso-endnote-id: edn97;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[97]</span></span></span></span></a>
Everts & Abbott, compilers, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History
of Hillsdale County, Michigan with Illustrations and Biographical Sketches, </i>(Philadelphia:
Everts & Abbott, 1879) 220.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn98" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref98" name="_edn98" style="mso-endnote-id: edn98;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[98]</span></span></span></span></a>
Ancestry.com, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Iowa Cemetery Records </i>[database
on-line], Provo, UT, USA; Ancestry.com Operations Inc. 2000.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Original data Works Project Administration, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Graves Registration Project, </i>Washington
D.C.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn99" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref99" name="_edn99" style="mso-endnote-id: edn99;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[99]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County Deed Records, Volume 5; Page 360, Huron County Clerk’s Office,
Norwalk, OH</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn100" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref100" name="_edn100" style="mso-endnote-id: edn100;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[100]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County Ohio Deeds, Book 8, P 514, Spencer vs. Mary Ann Pomeroy, 1834,
Huron County, Norwalk, OH, accessed by Henry Timman, 17 Jan 2002</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn101" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref101" name="_edn101" style="mso-endnote-id: edn101;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[101]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Pompey Hill Cemetery, Records of
Interments, </i>Pompey Town Hall, Clerk’s Office, Pompey, N.Y.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn102" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref102" name="_edn102" style="mso-endnote-id: edn102;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[102]</span></span></span></span></a>
Sylvia Shoebridge, Nancy Edwards, Johanne Alexander, Harold Rodman, B.J.
Zercher, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Pompey, Our Town in Profile, Vol
II, </i>(Pompey: Township of Pompey, 1976) 441</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn103" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref103" name="_edn103" style="mso-endnote-id: edn103;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[103]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County Ohio Tax Records, 1816-1838, Ohio Historical Library, Columbus,
FHL microfilm, Family History Library, Salt Lake City, UT, </span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn104" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref104" name="_edn104" style="mso-endnote-id: edn104;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[104]</span></span></span></span></a>
Huron County Court Records, 1826, Volume 2, page 84, Huron County Court,
Norwalk, OH.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn105" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref105" name="_edn105" style="mso-endnote-id: edn105;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[105]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid.</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn106" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref106" name="_edn106" style="mso-endnote-id: edn106;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[106]</span></span></span></span></a>.<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid.</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn107" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref107" name="_edn107" style="mso-endnote-id: edn107;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[107]</span></span></span></span></a>
Letter from Henry R. Timman [Norwalk, OH] to William G. Pomeroy Jr, 17 Jan
2002; held by William Guilford Pomeroy, Jr (Syracuse, NY)</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn108" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref108" name="_edn108" style="mso-endnote-id: edn108;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[108]</span></span></span></span></a>
Salmon Chase, editor, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Statutes of
Ohio and of the Northwestern Territory, Adopted or Enacted From 1788 to 1833
Inclusive: Together with The Ordinance of 1787; The Constitutions of Ohio and
the United States, and Various Public Instruments and Acts of Congress:
Illustrated by a Preliminary Sketch of the History of Ohio; Numerous References
and Notes, and Copious Indexes, Volume II, </i>(Cincinnati: Corey &
Fairbank, 1834) 1408-1409</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn109" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref109" name="_edn109" style="mso-endnote-id: edn109;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[109]</span></span></span></span></a>
LaVerne C. Cooley, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Tombstone Inscriptions
from the Abandoned Cemeteries and Farm Burials of Genesee County, </i>(Batavia:
Self Published, 1952) p 115</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn110" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref110" name="_edn110" style="mso-endnote-id: edn110;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[110]</span></span></span></span></a>
“Early Newspapers Obituaries” <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">W.N.Y.G.S.
Journal</i>, Vol 6, No. 3 (Dec 1979) 104</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn111" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref111" name="_edn111" style="mso-endnote-id: edn111;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[111]</span></span></span></span></a>
Ithamar Coe Will (1826), Will Book Vol 1, Surrogate Court, Batavia, NY</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn112" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref112" name="_edn112" style="mso-endnote-id: edn112;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[112]</span></span></span></span></a>
Coe Family File, Richmond Library online [Batavia, NY], accessed 24 May 2007</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn113" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref113" name="_edn113" style="mso-endnote-id: edn113;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[113]</span></span></span></span></a>
Genesee County Miscellaneous Records, Volume 2; P 56-57, FHC Film #810782, Salt
Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn114" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref114" name="_edn114" style="mso-endnote-id: edn114;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[114]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Military Minutes of the Council of
Appointment of the State of new York, 1783 – 1821</i>, 1820,1821</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn115" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref115" name="_edn115" style="mso-endnote-id: edn115;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[115]</span></span></span></span></a>
Samuel Preston Dockets 2 thru 8, The Firelands Historical Society [Norwalk, OH]
accessed 20 Mar 2008 by Henry Timman.</span></div>
</div>
</div>
Susan Hugheshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06412744821381463346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3285100268676605169.post-62916745062960338802015-06-05T12:26:00.001-04:002015-06-05T12:37:05.346-04:00Running Barefoot–The Mary Ann Coe Story (Part 2) <br />
<i><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">By Nancy Maliwesky</span></i><br />
<i><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Retired Director, APHGA </span></i><br />
<br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Editor’s note: </i></b></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ruk9hHmzZiY/VXHJ-m7sCYI/AAAAAAAAAMY/EhD9SpwkUPc/s1600/0001.0011.6.564.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ruk9hHmzZiY/VXHJ-m7sCYI/AAAAAAAAAMY/EhD9SpwkUPc/s400/0001.0011.6.564.jpg" width="257" /></a></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">“Presbyterian Church, Pompey,
NY,</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Built in 1817”</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1939 Postcard,
Pomeroy Collection</span></span></h1>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Readers of our blog
may recall the November 2011 post about Nancy Maliwesky’s research into the
elusive story of Mary Ann Coe Pomeroy. You can read (or reread) it </i><span style="color: black;"><a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2011/11/was-mary-ann-coe-pomeroy-in-le-roy-ny.html"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">here</i></a></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">. Nancy completed the draft of a publication prior to her retirement,
although there remain unanswered questions about parts of Mary Ann’s life
story. Hoping our readers may be able to help fill in some of these gaps, we’re
presenting Running Barefoot as a weekly series. We welcome your comments and
suggestions! Please feel free to share this blog with others who may be
interested. </i></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> – Susan Hughes, Director, APHGA</i></span></div>
<br />
<br />
<a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2015/05/running-barefootthe-mary-ann-coe-story.html" target="_blank"><b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Missed Part 1? Click here.</span></b></a><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /><b>The Pomeroys Come to Town </b> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">When Spencer Pomeroy and Mary Ann Coe were married by Reverend Hugh Wallis in Pompey on 3 Mar 1807[1], there may have been more reasons for the marriage than love alone. Mary Ann, at 16, was young to be marrying at that time. A short five months later, Mary Ann would give birth to a son, Francis W. Pomeroy[2]. It is possible that Mary Ann and Spencer named their first born after Spencer's cousin, the Reverend Francis Pomeroy. </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Spencer Pomeroy probably came to Pompey with his widowed mother, Sarah L. (Allen) Pomeroy in the spring of 1806. How long he knew Mary Ann prior to their marriage is unknown. While mother Sarah was a member of the Congregational Church of Pompey, Spencer did not apparently join the church, nor have we found evidence that Mary Ann joined either. Mary Ann’s parents, though, were members of this same church.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Spencer was born on 3 May 1780 in
Northampton, MA, making him fully ten years older than Mary Ann.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Spencer was the ninth of eleven children born
to Pliny Pomeroy and his wife Sarah L. Allen.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Spencer was also a twin with his sister Charlotte<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[3]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Pliny Pomeroy family lived in Northampton
and Westhampton, having settled on ancestral land that was owned by Pliny's
father, Lieutenant Daniel Pomeroy<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[4]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Daniel was a younger brother of Seth Pomeroy,
who was named the first Brigadier General of the newly formed United States, by
George Washington<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[5]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Daniel and Seth both fought in the Battle of
the Bloody Morning Scout, the opening battle of the Battle of Lake George.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Daniel died in the battle<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[6]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Seth wrote poignantly about the event in his
journal and to his wife and Daniel's widow.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Pliny was the only child of Daniel
and his first wife Mary Clapp, and was born 19 May 1734<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref7" style="mso-endnote-id: edn7;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[7]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mary died when Pliny was less than a month
old, probably from conditions sustained during childbirth<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref8" style="mso-endnote-id: edn8;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[8]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Daniel married Rachel Moseley 4 Nov 1736 in
Westfield, MA, about two and a half years after Mary died<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref9" style="mso-endnote-id: edn9;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[9]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Daniel and Rachel had nine children.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is interesting to speculate as to who
raised young Pliny.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was very unusual
at that time for a widowed father to raise an infant.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Did Pliny live with grandparents?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Did he later move back to his father's home
to be raised by Rachel?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Pliny's half-brother Timothy,
nicknamed “Old Staghorn” and the fourth child of Daniel and his second wife,
ran a tavern in Westhampton, near the lead mine originally discovered by Ethan
Allen<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref10" style="mso-endnote-id: edn10;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[10]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Timothy married Ann Ashley on 8 Jun 1766 in
Northampton<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref11" style="mso-endnote-id: edn11;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[11]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ann was a first cousin of Sarah Allen, who
had married Pliny Pomeroy on 24 Nov 1757.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Pliny was eight years older than his half-brother.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Timothy and Ann's first child was Francis
Pomeroy, born probably in 1767, as he was baptized on the 17<sup>th</sup> of
June of that year<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref12" style="mso-endnote-id: edn12;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[12]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was about thirteen years older than his
cousin Spencer.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Francis began his career
as a clothier and indigo dyer<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref13" style="mso-endnote-id: edn13;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[13]</span></span></span></span></a>, but
received a calling to preach while in his mid-thirties.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He became a member of the Middle Association
of the Military Tract (a branch of the Connecticut Missionary Society), and
requested and unanimously received a license to preach by that Committee on 20
Jun 1805<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref14" style="mso-endnote-id: edn14;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[14]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 31 Dec 1805 Francis was given the call to
become the pastor of the First Congregational Society of Brutus, in Cayuga
County, New York<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref15" style="mso-endnote-id: edn15;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[15]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Francis would later divide his time amongst
several churches in what is now known as Wayne and Ontario Counties, New
York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Francis Pomeroy was the Reverend
that was at the ordination of Reverend Levi Parsons as pastor of the First
Presbyterian Church in Marcellus, New York on 15 Sep 1807 which was also
attended by Ithamar Coe<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref16" style="mso-endnote-id: edn16;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[16]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 11 Feb 1811 Levi was named a trustee of
the Pompey Academy, an organization also supported by Ithamar Coe, James
Higgins and Titus Rust<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref17" style="mso-endnote-id: edn17;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[17]</span></span></span></span></a>. Three
of Francis’ sisters; Anna (Pomeroy) Clark, Thankful (Pomeroy) Day, and Lovisa
Pomeroy, had moved to Marcellus (now Skaneateles), New York and were joined by
their mother after Timothy's death in 1802<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref18" style="mso-endnote-id: edn18;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[18]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Reverend Levi Parsons was a second cousin
once removed to Sarah L. (Allen) Pomeroy, and a third cousin to both Reverend
Francis Pomeroy and Spencer Pomeroy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Levi Parsons was also a third cousin once removed to Ithamar Coe as all
of these families had settled early New England.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Reverend Francis Pomeroy and Reverend Levi
Parsons were also third cousins.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Sarah (Allen) Pomeroy was born 6
May 1740 in Northampton, Massachusetts to Joseph Allen and his wife Elizabeth
“Betty” Parsons<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref19" style="mso-endnote-id: edn19;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[19]</span></span></span></span></a>.
Sarah was a younger sister of Major Jonathan Allen, a soldier of the Revolution
who died 1 Jan 1780 in Northampton, from a gunshot wound suffered in a hunting
accident<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref20" style="mso-endnote-id: edn20;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[20]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Jonathan left an extensive will and his probate
records are on file at the Hampshire County Probate Court in Northampton.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As one of Jonathan Allen’s siblings, after
all of the estate bills were paid, Sarah and her siblings inherited 17<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">£</span> 16 shillings.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Spencer, his mother the widow Sarah
Pomeroy, and his sisters Charlotte, Nancy and Clarissa settled in Pompey, New
York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Sarah, Spencer and we presume
Clarissa (then unmarried) came together about 1806.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Both Nancy and Charlotte were already married
and it is likely that Nancy and husband James Higgins had already moved to
Pompey.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>James and Nancy had married in
her father’s home in Westhampton 8 Dec 1795 according to Reverend Enoch Hale’s
diary<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref21" style="mso-endnote-id: edn21;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[21]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>James Higgins is identified as “removed” in
the 1800 US Federal Census of Buckland, Hampshire County, Massachusetts<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref22" style="mso-endnote-id: edn22;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[22]</span></span></span></span></a>. In
1803 James is identified as living on lot 59 in Pompey, NY on the tax roll of
that town.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He is taxed on real estate
valued at $0, and personal property valued at $40<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref23" style="mso-endnote-id: edn23;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[23]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We assume that the property he is living on
is not owned by him, as we have not found a deed and he was not taxed on the
property.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is likely, given what we
know of his profession, that he was running an inn.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In both January of 1805 and 1806 he
is involved in lawsuits in Onondaga County, being sued in 1805 for $24.89 by
Moses Johnson<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref24" style="mso-endnote-id: edn24;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[24]</span></span></span></span></a>,
and in 1806 for $150 by Joseph Smith<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref25" style="mso-endnote-id: edn25;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[25]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also, in Oct 1806 James raised bail for John
Fowler in a case brought against Fowler for trespass and damage to the amount
of $100 to which he did not answer in the previous session of the court, prompting
the complainant’s attorney to request that Fowler be held by the sheriff on
bail until the next court date.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>John
Fowler and James Higgins pledged $200 in surety for this bail, and were later
sued by Aaron Hoar in April of 1807 for failure to pay a note on that surety
amounting to $31<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref26" style="mso-endnote-id: edn26;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[26]</span></span></span></span></a>.
We know James was a tavern keeper, and as such was probably one of only a
handful of business men in Pompey with readily available cash (and
credit).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was James acting as a bail
bondsman for John Fowler, or was there a relationship between these men which
could explain why James would put up his own money in this man’s defense? John
Fowler is found on the 1800 US Federal Census records residing in Pompey, as
head of household, and in fact the only member of this household.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Enumerated before and after him on the census
record are Levi, Eliphalet and Justus Fowler.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>On 15 Mar 1802, John along with many other townsmen, signed a petition
for the formation of an academy at Pompey.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>John Fowler was the son of Eliphalet and Mary Thankful (Pixley) Fowler,
and was brother to Levi and Justus.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">We do not know exactly when
Charlotte and her husband Titus Rust were in Pompey prior to Sarah, Spencer and
Clarissa's arrival.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Titus appears on the
1802 tax roll for Pompey, New York with real property valued at $89<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref27" style="mso-endnote-id: edn27;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[27]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Charlotte and Titus married in Westhampton, 4
Feb 1802, according to Reverend Enoch Hale’s diary<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref28" style="mso-endnote-id: edn28;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[28]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Titus was born 17 Oct 1779 in Northampton, Massachusetts,
son of Elijah Rust and wife Miriam Strong<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref29" style="mso-endnote-id: edn29;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[29]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Titus’ older sister Salome Rust married
Captain Joseph Rhoades, Jr 11 Dec 1788 in Westhampton<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref30" style="mso-endnote-id: edn30;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[30]</span></span></span></span></a>, so it
is likely that the family was living in Westhampton which was formed from
Northampton, making the Rust and Pomeroy families near neighbors.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 19 Apr 1804, Joseph Rhoades and
his wife Salome gave their interest in 300 acres of land on lot 59 in Pompey,
New York, to Erastus Baker as tenants in common.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So we know that Titus’ sister was living in
Pompey by 1804<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref31" style="mso-endnote-id: edn31;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[31]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Subsequent research has shown that Joseph
Rhodes was an early merchant and post master in Manlius, Onondaga County, New
York, as early as 1800<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref32" style="mso-endnote-id: edn32;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[32]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He also was an owner of a public house in
Pompey (now LaFayette) by 1800<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref33" style="mso-endnote-id: edn33;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[33]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In a conversation with Roy Dodge, an author
and expert in Pompey and LaFayette early history, we spoke of the Rust/Rhoades
connection to the early history of the area.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Roy told me that there was a “Chesterfield Colony” that settled early
near the four corners in LaFayette.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Some
of these families included the Bakers, Kings, and Clapps.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Roy also recalled a connection between these
families and Pliny and Daniel Porter (brothers).</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Another early settler of the area
was Elijah Rust.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This does not appear to
be the Elijah </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Rust, who was the brother of Titus
Rust. Based on a significant body of evidence including town records and census
records, Titus’s brother Elijah appears to have remained in Westhampton. Who,
then, was this other Elijah Rust?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was he
related to Titus?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This Elijah presided
over the Court of Common Pleas for Onondaga County in 1794<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref34" style="mso-endnote-id: edn34;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[34]</span></span></span></span></a> and on
26 May 1795 was named inspector of elections in Onondaga County<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref35" style="mso-endnote-id: edn35;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[35]</span></span></span></span></a>. On 18
Mar <a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref36" style="mso-endnote-id: edn36;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[36]</span></span></span></span></a>1796 he
purchased 20 acres of lot 2 in what was then part of Pompey, later LaFayette,
New York<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref37" style="mso-endnote-id: edn37;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[37]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1797 he served as a paymaster in the
Onondaga County militia<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref38" style="mso-endnote-id: edn38;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[38]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1798 he purchased Comfort Tyler’s parcel
near the “Falls”, (possibly Pratt’s Falls), where he built a dam on the creek
and started a tannery, expanding his landholding in 1802 and the creek became
known as Rust Creek<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref39" style="mso-endnote-id: edn39;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[39]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1799 he was Superintendent of Highways for
Onondaga County, New York<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref40" style="mso-endnote-id: edn40;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[40]</span></span></span></span></a>. He was
identified as head of household according to the 1800 US Federal Census in
Manlius, New York<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref41" style="mso-endnote-id: edn41;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[41]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>An Elijah Rust is listed on the 1801 and 1802
Pompey tax rolls as a non-resident.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He
is assessed in 1801 for 50 acres of land on lot 2 valued at $200, and in 1802
for 70 acres of land on lot 2 valued at $210<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref42" style="mso-endnote-id: edn42;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[42]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is likely the Elijah Rust who was living
in Manlius in 1800, and most likely refers to the property he purchased of
Comfort Tyler in 1798 and expanded on in 1802.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The book <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Water, Wheels and Stone:
Heritage of the Little Village by the Creek,</i> compiled by Jean Schultz
Keogh, identifies Elijah Rust as born in 1797. According to the book <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Record of the Rust Family, </i>by Albert D.
Rust (Waco, TX: 1891) Titus’s brother Elijah was born either 4 Jul 1768 or 20
Jul 1768, as there are differing dates of birth on pages 122 and 204.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">When Sarah arrived in Pompey she
was 66 years old, and had been widowed for less than two years<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref43" style="mso-endnote-id: edn43;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[43]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Why would she have chosen to uproot her life
and make such a long and arduous journey in her old age?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was it her idea to move, or Spencer's?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While the family had spent most of their
lives in Northampton and Westhampton, they were living in Westfield when Pliny
died.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Sarah, an older daughter of Pliny
and Sarah, who had married Stephen Ashley and lived in Westhampton, had died in
1802, leaving four children under the age of ten<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref44" style="mso-endnote-id: edn44;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[44]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We speculate that Sarah and Pliny and their
younger children had moved to Westhampton to care for these children.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Sarah was reportedly a midwife<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref45" style="mso-endnote-id: edn45;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[45]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Did her daughter Sarah die from complications
of a pregnancy? <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Did Sarah move to Pompey because her daughter Nancy, the wife of James
Higgins, was pregnant or had children and needed help?</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">One can get a good sense of what
Pompey was like at the turn of the 19<sup>th</sup> century by reading the book <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Re-Union and History of Pompey</i><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref46" style="mso-endnote-id: edn46;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[46]</span></span></span></span></a>. The
biographical sketches of some of the early settlers paint a picture of a
tight-knit community.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was not
uncommon for a new settling family to temporarily reside in a home built by an
earlier settler.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These were probably
simple log dwellings, with few amenities.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>There is frequent reference to settlers “reclaiming the wilderness”, and
indeed, back in 1795, this area was mostly forest.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Pompey, especially Pompey Hill, became a
favorable location, as its elevation provided escape from the swampland in the
surrounding area.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One such swampland
would become Syracuse, N.Y.</span></div>
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<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">According to the pamphlet “Historic
& Archaeological Resources of the Connecticut River Valley, A Framework for
Preservation Decisions”, published by the Massachusetts Historical Commission,
the Old Post Road ran east and west through Westfield, MA during the colonial
period.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was this the road that Sarah and
her children took towards Pompey, NY?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The first concrete evidence we have
of the Pomeroys’ arrival in Pompey Hill (known as Butler’s Hill until 1811,
when a Post Office was established), is 4 Jul 1806, when Sarah Pomeroy is
received into the First Congregational Church of Pompey, by a letter from the
church at Westfield, Massachusetts<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref47" style="mso-endnote-id: edn47;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[47]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A notice published in the Hampshire
Federalist Newspaper, dated 15 Apr 1806, lists a letter remaining in the
Westfield Post Office for Spencer Pomroy<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref48" style="mso-endnote-id: edn48;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[48]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This list was dated 1 April 1806 and was
advertised in the local paper, as required by law, for letters unclaimed for
three months.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This would date the letter
to January 1806 or before.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Given the
greater ease of traveling when the ground was frozen, it is likely that the
Pomeroys made their trip to Pompey during the winter of 1805/6.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">An article written by Luella Dunham
entitled “Talks About Pompey Hill, Part XV - Historiography” and published in
the Fayetteville Weekly Recorder 20 Nov 1879 gives an interesting “fact” about
the Widow Pomeroy (whom we presume is Sarah) which we have as of yet been
unable to verify.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Luella writes: “Mrs.
Shattuck said Jimmy Cobb’s modest mansion was built in 1806 by Ebenezer Handy,
the same year that she came to Pompey.... The next house south of Mr. Cobb’s
was built by widow Pomeroy in 1806.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One
authority states that Lewis Baker lived there as early as from 1820 to
’25.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Another says that sometime before
1834, it was the home of a wagon maker named Charles Clark.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He had a partner named Crane.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Elan Hobert was the incumbent in 1834.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was once owned by Hon. Horace Wheaton now
of Syracuse, who rented to Henry Woodin, of Syracuse, and afterwards to William
Robbins.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Charles Wilby has been the occupant
for a quarter of a century at least.”</span></div>
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<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A historic marker at 1340 Cherry Street
in Pompey Hill identifies the site of the Ebenezer Handy house.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>An 1859 map of Pompey Hill identified the
household of J. Cobb, on the road that is now known as Cherry Street.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A house to the south of the J. Cobb residence
on the 1859 map is identified as the home of C. Wilby.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If the information given to Luella Dunham by
Mrs. Shattuck is correct, the house identified as owned by C. Wilby on the 1859
map of Pompey Hill is likely the house built by the widow Pomeroy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also according to the 1859 map the residence
of Henry Seymour was directly north of the J. Cobb house, at the present
intersection of Cherry Street, Sweet Road and Rte. 91. We have been unable to
find any deeds that would identify this property as belonging to Sarah or her
offspring who settled in Pompey, but there is some speculative evidence that
suggests that she was living on or near this location according to the 1810 US
Federal Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In looking at the 1810 Census, in
combination with the above listed sources, we were able to determine the page
that contained the inhabitants of Pompey Hill based on known residents Henry
Seymour, Jesse Butler and Daniel Tibbals.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>All three men are found clustered together near the bottom of page 518
and the beginning of page 519, and lo and behold, enumerated two lines above
Henry Seymour was found Ichabod Wood<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref49" style="mso-endnote-id: edn49;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[49]</span></span></span></span></a>, and a
line above him was James Higgins<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref50" style="mso-endnote-id: edn50;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[50]</span></span></span></span></a>, both
sons-in-law of Sarah Pomeroy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As
evidence points to James’ occupation as a tavern keeper, it was not surprising
to find several people listed in this household. One, a free white female of 45
years of age and upwards, is the right age to be Sarah Pomeroy. A review of the
Spencer Pomeroy, Titus Rust and Ichabod Wood households does not identify a
woman who is in the correct age range to be Sarah, so it would appear that
Sarah was living with her daughter Nancy and son-in-law James Higgins when the
1810 census enumeration was taken.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Spencer Pomeroy was found towards the bottom of page 511, enumerated
directly above Chauncey Jerome and near Nathaniel Butts and Marovia Marsh<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref51" style="mso-endnote-id: edn51;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[51]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Titus Rust is not found as head of
household in the 1810 Census for Pompey, New York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While Titus purchased property on lots 64 and
65 in Pompey in 1805 and 1806<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref52" style="mso-endnote-id: edn52;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[52]</span></span></span></span></a>,
subsequent money problems forced the sale of these properties after Titus filed
as an insolvent debtor in 1807<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref53" style="mso-endnote-id: edn53;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[53]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 11 Feb 1811 he signed a petition for the
incorporation of the Pompey Academy<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref54" style="mso-endnote-id: edn54;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[54]</span></span></span></span></a>, so it
is likely that he was living in Pompey when the census was taken in 1810.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Could he have been living in the James
Higgins household?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While it is possible
that Titus lived with either James Higgins or Ichabod Wood, there are no
children in either household who are the correct ages to be Titus’ children.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Both of Titus’ sons, Daniel<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref55" style="mso-endnote-id: edn55;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[55]</span></span></span></span></a> and
Pliny<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref56" style="mso-endnote-id: edn56;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[56]</span></span></span></span></a> are
found in Westhampton, Massachusetts in 1826, which makes us wonder whether the
children, after or before the father’s death, went to live with his kin,
although 1810 US Federal Census records for each of Titus’ siblings do not
contain clues regarding the whereabouts of these children.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 20 Jun 1807 James Higgins
subscribed $20 in joiner’s work towards the completion of the Pompey Academy<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref57" style="mso-endnote-id: edn57;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[57]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While evidence of his children is somewhat
circumstantial, as we have no names or ages, it is likely that one or both of
the free white females between 10 and 15 in his household according to the 1810
census were his.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As we know that he and
wife Nancy married in 1795 it is likely that they would have had children of
that age in 1810.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We do not know whether
the free white male under 10 was also their child, but it would appear from
Higgins’ support of the Pompey Academy that he did have children.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to the book <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Re-Union and History of Pompey, </i>James ran the first hotel in
LaFayette about 1808. </span></div>
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<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 13 Sep 1809 James Higgins bought
one acre of land on lot 64 from Lewis Baker for $75<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref58" style="mso-endnote-id: edn58;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[58]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 1 Apr 1815, James Higgins of
Manlius, NY was charged $37.50 for duties for licenses for still and the sale
of spirituous liquors in the 22<sup>nd</sup> District according to Luther
Marsh’s Duty Collection Ledger.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That
same year Rev. Hugh Wallis of Pompey was taxed on a two wheeled chaise; Dr.
Daniel Tibbals of Pompey was taxed on a two wheeled chaise and a 4 wheeled
wagon, and Marovia Marsh was taxed on the manufacture of hats, caps, and
bonnets<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref59" style="mso-endnote-id: edn59;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[59]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">It is also interesting to note that
other Pomeroy descendants were early settlers of Pompey.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Thankful Sheldon, daughter of Captain Asa
Sheldon and Thankful Pomeroy, who settled in New Marlborough, Berkshire County,
Massachusetts, came with her husband Luther Wright to Pompey by 1799.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Luther is listed on the 1799 tax roll for
Pompey, where he was taxed 30 cents on a farm valued at $240 and personal
property valued at $60.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref60" style="mso-endnote-id: edn60;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[60]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1800 he was taxed 70 cents on a farm
valued at $204 and personal property valued at $38.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref61" style="mso-endnote-id: edn61;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[61]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(Apparently taxes went up over these two
years!)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Luther was also listed as head
of household in the US Federal Census of 1800 in Pompey, with two free white
males under 10, 1 free white male of 26 through 44, and one free white female
of 26 through 44.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to the A.A.
Pomeroy genealogy, Luther Wright and Thankful Sheldon had 5 children: Dorick
Wright, born 8 Oct 1797; Alveh Wright, born 9 Jul 1799; Elias and Eliza Wright,
twins, born 4 Jul 1801; and Sheldon Wright, born 1804<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref62" style="mso-endnote-id: edn62;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[62]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If this is correct, it would seem likely that
the two free white males under ten, identified in Luther Wright’s household,
were sons Dorick and Alveh.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Luther settled in what now is known
as La Fayette, N.Y., then a part of Pompey.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>On 24 Sep 1804, Luther Wright, of Pompey, purchased part of lot 76 for
$340 from Solomon and Lois Owen of Pompey<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref63" style="mso-endnote-id: edn63;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[63]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to the “One Hundredth Anniversary
of the First Presbyterian Church of LaFayette, New York”, “…the first settlers
of this locality which was known in the early days as Pompey West Hill were
nearly all New Englanders, many having come from Berkshire and Hampshire
Counties, Mass.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The first settler came
to town in 1792 and by 1805 emigrants were rapidly pouring into this section.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>At the first meeting of the Columbian Society
which was held at Stoughton Morse’s Inn the following officers were
elected.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Two moderators, Joseph Smith
and Jacob Johnson.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Six trustees, Luther
Wright, Levi Wheaton, Noah Hoyt, Nathan Abbott, Major Isaac Hall and Capt.
Erastus Baker, Dr. Silas Park, Clerk.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A
committee was appointed to have the Society legally incorporated and to draw up
a constitution and by-laws, Major Isaac Hall, Ezekiel Hoyt, Joseph Smith, Dr.
Silas Park, Luther Wright and Caleb Green.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This committee appeared before Judge Asa Danforth July 26 1806 and the
certificate of incorporation bears the signature of that early settler.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1808 the Society built a school house on
the square acre given them by Caleb Green and Erastus Baker.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although the Church was not organized until 1809
the first important business of the Society was to find a minister of the
Gospel, and the first secured was Elder Butler.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref64" style="mso-endnote-id: edn64;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[64]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Luther Wright died intestate before
5 Sep 1808, when the administration of his estate was granted to Amasa Wright
and “Lory” Wright<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref65" style="mso-endnote-id: edn65;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[65]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 3 Jun 1809, Amasa Wright and Laura
Rockefellow, administrators, were given the right to sell the estate of Luther
Wright, deceased<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref66" style="mso-endnote-id: edn66;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[66]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Other Wrights who were early settlers of
Pompey were Ebenezer, taxed in 1799 and 1800 and found in Pompey according to
the 1800 US Federal Census; Enos and Jeremiah Wright, in Pompey in 1800
according to the census; and Russell Wright, taxed on a farm in Pompey in
1800.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Were these Wrights related?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Amasa Wright married Elisabeth
Chapel 1 May 1788 in New Marlborough, Berkshire County, Massachusetts<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref67" style="mso-endnote-id: edn67;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[67]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As we know that Thankful Sheldon lived in New
Marlborough, this information may be a clue that Amasa Wright was related to
Luther Wright.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We have yet to find a
marriage record for Luther and Thankful.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Wright researchers identify Amasa Wright’s parents as Caleb Wright and
Sarah Strong.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to A.A. Pomeroy,
Caleb Wright was the son of Captain Noah Wright and Sarah Pomeroy (daughter of
the Honorable Major Ebenezer Pomeroy, which would make Sarah a grandaunt to Spencer
Pomeroy, and a distant cousin to Thankful Sheldon.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>How many other early residents of Pompey were
related to the Pomeroys?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Pomeroy researcher Alethea Connolly
visited the Onondaga County Clerk’s Office on Thursday, 25 August 2011 and
brought back the following information: while there is no probate for Luther
listed in the Surrogates Office, she did find a deed showing the Luther bought
land on lot 76 in Pompey, from S. Owens in 1801.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That land, and additional land on lot 75, was
sold in 1810 to pay debts to his estate in the amount of $445, by his
administrators, Amasa Wright and Laura Rockefellows.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This land was purchased by Nathaniel Bird.</span></div>
<b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br />Prior to Marriage</span></b><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">No evidence has been found that
Mary Ann ever joined a church, which seems odd, as her father was a Deacon and
later an Elder in Paris, Pompey and LeRoy, New York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ithamar appears to be most active in the
matters of the Church while he was living in Pompey.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He attended a conference of the Middle
Association, representing the Congregational Church of Pompey 8 May 1805 and on
25 Jun 1806 he (with Deacon Levi Jerome and Daniel C. Judd, was appointed by
the pastor of the Pompey Congregational Church to teach the gospel to the
children of the congregation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 19 May
1807 he was elected a delegate of the church at a meeting of the Middle
Association and was chosen for a committee to settle a conflict between the
Pompey church and the Fabius church.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On
6 Sep 1807 he was elected a delegate to travel with Reverend Hugh Wallis to
attend the ordination of Reverend Levi Parsons on 15 Sep 1807 in
Marcellus.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also in attendance at the
ordination was Reverend David Higgins (uncle of James Higgins, Nancy Pomeroy’s
husband), and Reverend Francis Pomeroy (cousin of Spencer Pomeroy).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 28 Dec 1808 as deacon he voted with others
on whether to grant Reverend Hugh Wallis’ request to be dismissed as the pastor
of the First Congregational Church of Pompey.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 27 Dec 1812, Ithamar was
appointed a delegate to represent the Pompey Congregational Church in the
Presbytery of Onondaga, held at Homer, NY.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>On 17 April 1813 one week after Reverend Jabez Chadwick was installed as
the pastor of the First Congregational Church of Pompey, he with the other two
deacons of the church, Levi Jerome, and Ezra Hart, and Mr. Dudly Perley, was
appointed to a committee with Rev. Chadwick, on catechetical instruction.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 3 Dec 1815 Ithamar was appointed a
delegate to attend the extra meeting of the Presbytery to be held at Fabius, NY
18 Dec 1815.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Not much evidence has been found
that would flesh out Mary Ann’s life in Pompey prior to her marriage to Spencer
Pomeroy. We assume she lived with her parents on property the owned on lot
37.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Pompey Road Books give us glimpses
of the Coe’s near neighbors, at least those who lived on the same road as the
family.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 23 Apr 1801 the family is
identified as living near the Chenango road, on the same road as Joseph
Shattuck and Jonathan Ball (Ithamar’s brother-in-law.)<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref68" style="mso-endnote-id: edn68;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[68]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 5 Apr 1814 Ithamar is listed in
the Road Books as part of an alteration to a road district that affected him,
Charles Baldwin (as his office was in this road district), Henry Seymour and
Nathaniel Butts. Ithamar’s name also appears in the Road Books three times as a
surveyor.</span></div>
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<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The story of the Shattuck family is
indicative of the problems faced by many early settlers of the military
tract.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Joseph Shattuck was born 29 Sep
1749 in Deerfield, Franklin County, Massachusetts, to parents Samuel and Sarah
(Closson) Shattuck.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He married Chloe
Scott 23 Nov 1775 and in 1780 served two separate times for a total of 8 months
and 20 days in under Captain Isaac Pope, in the Fourth Massachusetts Regiment
(also known as the Third Continental Regiment) during the War of the
Revolution.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>About 1795 he purchased part
of lot 47 in Pompey, where he and his family settled.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 19 Oct 1796 he was one of the founding
members of the First Congregational Church of Pompey, with Ebenezer and Desire
Butler, Selah, Lucy, Trueworthy and Freelove Cook and Levi and Amarilla
Jerome.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Joseph and Chloe (Scott) Shattuck
were the parents of nine boys, Stephen, born 14 Jul 1777, Zebina, born 12 Jan
1780, Joseph, Jr., born 16 Apr 1782, Chester, born 17 Aug 1784, Eli, born 1787,
Ansel, born 10 Aug 1789, Lucius, born 15 Oct 1791, Alfred, born 15 Aug 1794,
and Truman, born 4 Apr 1798.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">By 7 Sep 1801, Joseph Shattuck and
his family had been forced to leave what they thought was their property on lot
47 and had moved nearby, as they are mentioned in the Pompey Road Book as on
land on lots 37 and 38, near neighbor Henry Hudson.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref69" style="mso-endnote-id: edn69;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[69]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This move was precipitated by a lawsuit
brought by Conrad Bush, the legitimate owner of the property.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This title dispute was a great hardship to
Joseph and his family, as they had cleared sixty acres, and built a log house
and barn on the land.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref70" style="mso-endnote-id: edn70;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[70]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 15 Mar 1802, Joseph Shattuck
signed a petition to the Board of Regents of the University of the State of New
York to establish the Pompey Academy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The other signers were Ozias Burr, Daniel Wood, John Lamb, John Bowers,
Reuben Pixley, Jr., Gad Loveland, Salmon Butler, Curtis Chappel, Joseph
Jackson, Moses Lilly, Jr., Samuel Jones, Allen Butler, Amasa Wright, Elias
Conklin, George Catlin, Josiah Holbrook, Timothy Cossett, Israel Mun, Salmon
Squire, Selah Cook, Elijah Webb, Nathan Davis, Obed Handy, Hven Webster, Asher
Frost, Ebenezer Hay, John Willard, Daniel Tibbals, Russell Clark, Abel Bigelow,
Orange King, Dix Hoar, Daniel C. Judd, John Baar, James Price, Ezra Hart, Meigs
Brown, Ezekiel Webster, John Fowler, Jonas C. Leland, Harvey Luce, James
Griffin, Jr., Joseph Mather, Benjamin Butler, Hezekiah Dodge, William Miller,
Joseph Luce, Stephen Hayes, Levi Farnham, Isaac Higbee, Roderick Smith, Richard
Crocker, William Howard, James Beebee, Epaphs Emmons, Joseph H. Smith, Isaac
Catlin, Isaac Hall and Artemas Bishop.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref71" style="mso-endnote-id: edn71;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[71]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Unfortunately for Joseph Shattuck,
the property he had bought after being evicted from Conrad Bush’s land also
came into title question, and he was again evicted, at which point he moved to
Cohocton, Steuben County, New York about 1805.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref72" style="mso-endnote-id: edn72;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[72]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While six of his sons also moved to Cohocton,
several stayed in Pompey after their father’s removal and married there.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Of these was Joseph’s eldest son
Stephen Shattuck who married Rebecca Pixley in 1799 and who is found in the
1800, 1810, and 1820 US Federal Census records in Pompey, New York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was admitted to the Pompey Presbyterian
Church by a confession of faith 5 Sep 1823.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref73" style="mso-endnote-id: edn73;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[73]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 14 Sep 1823, he was appointed by the
Church to audit the accounts of Israel Woodford, the Church treasurer.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref74" style="mso-endnote-id: edn74;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[74]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 7 Apr 1826 he was listed in the Pompey
Road Book as part of the new road district 88, by Norris Case.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also listed in this district were Chester
Shattuck, Alson Nearing, John Nearing, John Nearing Jr., and James Beach.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref75" style="mso-endnote-id: edn75;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[75]</span></span></span></span></a></span> </div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 30 Sep 1827, Stephen was
appointed a delegate to the Synod at Ithaca, representing the Pompey
Presbyterian Church to take place 2 Oct 1827.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref76" style="mso-endnote-id: edn76;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[76]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 4 Feb 1828 he was appointed by the Church
as a delegate to attend the Presbytery at Onondaga, “to attend till the close
of Mrs. Stevens appeal and trial before Presbytery, Dea. Elijah Wells and Mr.
Samuel Baker, his alternates, were appointed to attend the session of the
Presbytery during the present year, their time of service to commence at close
of Mr. Shattucks.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref77" style="mso-endnote-id: edn77;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[77]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 5 Nov 1832 he, with deacons Woodford, Porter
and Jerome, and Samuel Baker and Abraham Northrup were appointed to a committee
to “examine such persons, for admission to the church, as decline coming before
the body of the church.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref78" style="mso-endnote-id: edn78;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[78]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 26 Dec 1832, Stephen and wife Rebecca were
dismissed from the Pompey Presbyterian Church to the church at Apulia, New
York.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref79" style="mso-endnote-id: edn79;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[79]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Zebina Shattuck, second son of
Joseph, married Sally Barlow 3 Jul 1801 in Pompey, but was living in Cohocton,
New York by 4 Feb 1808, where his son Stephen L. Shattuck was born.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Joseph Shattuck, Jr., third son of
Joseph, married Susanna Smith 31 Dec 1806 in Pompey<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref80" style="mso-endnote-id: edn80;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[80]</span></span></span></span></a> and was
in Steuben County, NY when the US Federal Census was taken.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 29 Apr 1813, the first town meeting of
Cohocton was held in his house according to the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Historical Gazetteer of Steuben County</i>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to the book <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Memorials of the Descendants of William Shattuck,</i> Joseph Shattuck,
Jr., died in Kentucky in 1841 “as it is supposed”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref81" style="mso-endnote-id: edn81;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[81]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Joseph, who would have been 8 years older
than Mary Ann, married 3 months prior to Mary Ann’s marriage to Spencer Pomeroy
on 3 Mar 1807.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref82" style="mso-endnote-id: edn82;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[82]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mary Ann gave birth to Francis W. Pomeroy 24
Aug 1807, according to a copy of the births, deaths and marriages in the Coe
Family bible.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This was five months after
Mary Ann’s marriage to Spencer Pomeroy, which means that she was pregnant when
she married Spencer.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While we cannot
discount Spencer as the father, some doubt to Francis’ paternity has been
raised by YDNA tests taken by two direct male descendants of Francis.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These descendants are not matching any other
Pomeroys in the YDNA study, which includes a descendant of Spencer’s older
brother Pliny.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In trying to trace the
possible paternity of Francis Pomeroy, we have looked at other men living in
Pompey at the time that Mary Ann became pregnant, which includes the Shattuck
family as near neighbors.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>An interesting
coincidence is the discovery of a Joseph Shaddock, found living in Norwalk,
Ohio, where Mary Ann moved by 1825, according to the 1819 Census of Ohio, which
was enumerated in Norwalk 24 May 1819.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref83" style="mso-endnote-id: edn83;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[83]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Is this the Joseph Shattuck who was a near
neighbor of the Coe family in Pompey?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Chester Shattuck, the fourth son of
Joseph, married first on 19 Feb 1808 to Melinda More, in Pompey, NY.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref84" style="mso-endnote-id: edn84;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[84]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Melinda gave birth to a daughter, Melinda on
29 Sep 1810 who died 20 Oct 1810, outliving her mother by 11 days.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref85" style="mso-endnote-id: edn85;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[85]</span></span></span></span></a> A
Chester Shattuck is listed as head of household in the 1810 US Federal Census,
living in Pompey, NY.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He married second
in Pompey, New York 4 Mar 1812, Caroline Beach<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref86" style="mso-endnote-id: edn86;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[86]</span></span></span></span></a>, and
was found in the 1820 US Federal Census, again living in Pompey.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Chester and Caroline had at least ten
children, all born in Pompey.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was
listed twice in 1826 in the Pompey Road Book, and died 5 Dec 1849 in Pompey.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was buried in the Berwyn (Maplewood)
Cemetery, in LaFayette, New York.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref87" style="mso-endnote-id: edn87;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[87]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Caroline lived with her son Alvin and his
wife Helen in Grand Rapids, Michigan before her death in that city on 31 Aug
1885.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref88" style="mso-endnote-id: edn88;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[88]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She was buried in the Berwyn (Maplewood)
Cemetery with her husband.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref89" style="mso-endnote-id: edn89;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[89]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Eli Shattuck, Joseph’s fifth son,
married Harriet Murray in Pompey on 11 Sep 1810.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was a cooper who worked and resided in
West Bloomfield, New York, and was also a volunteer in the War of 1812, having
fought in the battle of Black Rock (near Buffalo, New York) and subsequently
having been taken prisoner and held for six weeks by the British in
Canada.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>An Eli Shattuck was head of
household in Bloomfield, New York, according to the U.S. Federal Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He died 1 Aug 1853 in Vernon, Michigan.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref90" style="mso-endnote-id: edn90;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[90]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Harriet Murray, Eli’s wife, was the daughter
of Reuben Murray and his second wife Sarah Knickerbocker, widow of David
Griffin.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Reuben was born 17 Feb 1743 in
East Guilford, Connecticut, married Sarah Guthrie about 1766, was a veteran of
the Revolution, serving as a lieutenant in the 17<sup>th</sup> New York
Regiment, commanded by William Bradford Whiting, and fought at the battle of
Ticonderoga.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was a Justice of the
Peace for Columbia County, New York between 1786 and 1792 and died 26 Nov 1810
in Pompey<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref91" style="mso-endnote-id: edn91;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[91]</span></span></span></span></a>,
where he was buried in the Sweet Cemetery.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref92" style="mso-endnote-id: edn92;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[92]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Reuben’s first wife, Sarah Guthrie, was the
daughter of John Guthrie and Abigail Coe, great grandaunt of Ithamar Coe.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref93" style="mso-endnote-id: edn93;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[93]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Eli and Harriet (Murray) Shattuck had at
least 8 children, all born in West Bloomfield, New York.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref94" style="mso-endnote-id: edn94;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[94]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Ansel Shattuck, Joseph’s sixth son,
married Rachel Bump on 25 Jan 1809 in Pompey.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>He was a farmer and contractor of public works in Pompey who died there
8 Feb 1849.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ansel and Rachel (Bump)
Shattuck had at least nine children, all born in Pompey.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref95" style="mso-endnote-id: edn95;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[95]</span></span></span></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Lucius Shattuck, Joseph’s seventh
son, appears to have removed to Cohocton, New York after 1805, probably with
his parents.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He built a log hotel there
in 1810 which was run by Joseph Chamberlain<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref96" style="mso-endnote-id: edn96;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[96]</span></span></span></span></a>, but
was later occupied as a shoemaker.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He
married first on 6 Feb 1814, Hitty Chamberlin, by whom he had at least eight
children.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Hitty died 12 Jul 1847 in
Cohocton.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Lucius married second, on 5
May 1848, Elizabeth Cornell.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He died on
20 Nov 1852 in Cohocton.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref97" style="mso-endnote-id: edn97;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[97]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Alfred Shattuck, Joseph’s eighth
son, also appears to have removed to Cohocton with his parents.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He married on 28 May 1820, Sarah V. Collyer
in Avoca, New York.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref98" style="mso-endnote-id: edn98;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[98]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>An Alfred Shattuck is found as head of
household in Cohocton according to the 1820 U.S. Federal Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He died 13 Aug 1847 in Plymouth, Michigan.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He and his wife Sarah had at least twelve
children.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref99" style="mso-endnote-id: edn99;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[99]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Truman Shattuck, Joseph’s ninth and
youngest son, also appears to have removed to Cohocton with his parents.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He married on 27 Dec 1821, Huldah Lathrop,
daughter of Ichabod Lathrop and Esther Pixley, and was occupied as a farmer in
Cohocton, after which he resided, about 1855 in Jackson, Michigan.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref100" style="mso-endnote-id: edn100;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[100]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Huldah’s father Ichabod was on 19 Oct 1796, a
founding member of the First Congregational Church of Pompey (with Joseph
Shattuck)<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref101" style="mso-endnote-id: edn101;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[101]</span></span></span></span></a>
and was later dismissed from the church to Sandusky, Ohio.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref102" style="mso-endnote-id: edn102;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[102]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Huldah’s mother, Esther Pixley, was the
daughter of Reuben Cooper Pixley and Rebecca Gridley, early residents of
Pompey, New York.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref103" style="mso-endnote-id: edn103;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[103]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These Pixleys are likely related to Rebecca
Pixley, wife of Stephen Shattuck.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Truman
and Huldah had at least four children, all born in Cohocton.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref104" style="mso-endnote-id: edn104;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[104]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">We have also researched the Josiah
Richardson Bigelow family.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Josiah, born
17 Apr 1754 in Holden, Worcester County, New York, married Sarah Culver,
daughter of David Culver, before moving to Pompey, on 10 March 1800.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What information we have been able to glean
on the children of Josiah and Sarah, lead us to believe that the family lived
in Guilford, Windham County, Vermont before coming west and settling on the
Military Tract.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Josiah purchased 590
acres of land on lot 26 in Pompey from Samuel Beebe<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref105" style="mso-endnote-id: edn105;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[105]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Josiah is found on the Pompey tax rolls for
1801 and 1802.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1801 he was taxed
$8.02 on real estate valued at $1415 and personal estate valued at $92.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1802 he was taxed $8.02 on real estate
valued at $1600.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Josiah and Sarah had nine children
that we know of: David, Polly, Abel, Josiah, Joab, Sabrina, Sally, Elisha and
James<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref106" style="mso-endnote-id: edn106;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[106]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Josiah died of a lingering fever by 16 Dec
1802 in Pompey<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref107" style="mso-endnote-id: edn107;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[107]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was buried in the Pompey Hill Cemetery
with his wife Sarah who died 5 Dec 1806 at age 48.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The memorial stone was erected by their son
Joab Bigelow, Esq. “of Michigan in 1847”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref108" style="mso-endnote-id: edn108;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[108]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">David Bigelow, son of Josiah and
Sarah, was born in Guilford, VT, and came with his parents to Pompey in 1800
and married first Cynthia Clark after his father’s death, and second Mrs.
Elizabeth Pringle after Cynthia’s death.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>David had settled in Batavia, Genesee County, New York.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Polly Bigelow, daughter of Josiah
and Sarah, was also born in Guilford, VT and married first a Dr. Allen, then a
Mr. Hopkins.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She resided in Canada.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Abel Bigelow, son of Josiah and
Sarah, was born in Guilford, VT and came to Pompey with his parents in
1800.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He had also previously signed a
petition to establish the Pompey Academy which was recorded on 15 Mar 1802<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref109" style="mso-endnote-id: edn109;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[109]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Other signers of this petition include Ozias
Burr, Daniel Wood, John Lamb, Reuben Pixley, Jr., Gad Loveland, Salmon Butler,
Curtis Chappel, Amasa Wright, Elias Conklin, George Catlin, Selah Cook, Obed
Handy, Daniel Tibbals, Dix Hoar, Benjamin Butler, Hezekiah Dodge, Joseph
Shattuck, James Beebee, Isaac Catlin and Artemas Bishop.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After his father’s death, he and his mother
were made administrators of his father’s estate on 12 Jan 1804<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref110" style="mso-endnote-id: edn110;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[110]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Abel had married 20 Feb 1803, Sarah Clark in
Pompey<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref111" style="mso-endnote-id: edn111;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[111]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He died April 1846 in Oakland County,
Michigan.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Josiah Bigelow, son of Josiah and
Sarah, was born in Guilford, VT and moved with his parents to Pompey, NY in
1800.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He married Lucinda Bigelow and
resided in Petersham, Worcester County, Massachusetts.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Joab and Sabrina Bigelow, twin
children of Josiah and Sarah, were born 22 Oct 1793 in Guilford, VT.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Both children came to Pompey with their
parents in 1800. On 4 Apr 1809, Joab witnessed a deed in which Ithamar and
Sally Coe sold 50 acres of land on lot 26 in Pompey, to Ithamar’s half-brothers,
Seymour and Chester Coe, in consideration of $500<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref112" style="mso-endnote-id: edn112;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[112]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Joab would have been 17 at the time, and an
orphan.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We know that Joab’s younger
brother Elisha was indentured to Deacon Levi Jerome until he reached maturity
at age 21.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We wonder whether Joab was
living with Deacon Ithamar Coe, under a similar circumstance.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Joab served in the war of 1812 in
Captain Leonard Kellogg’s company of Major Charles Moseley’s regiment<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref113" style="mso-endnote-id: edn113;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[113]</span></span></span></span></a> from
29 Jun to 20 Sep 1812.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 2 Apr 1814,
Joab witnessed a deed in which Ithamar and Sally Coe sold to Seymour Coe 25
acres of land on lot 26 in Pompey, in consideration of $225.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to the Bigelow Society, when Joab
turned 21 he “took his ax and blanket, and walked to Genesee county, N.Y. where
an older brother had settled, but in 1818 he returned to Pompey to marry Lois
Putnam, daughter of Peter Putnam<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref114" style="mso-endnote-id: edn114;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[114]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>By 1847 he was in Michigan, where he married
Chloe Hyde Wells, after the death of his first wife Lois.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He died 21 Oct 1879 in Concord, Jackson
County, Michigan at the home of his daughter, Mrs. Rebecca Stevens.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Sabrina married 29 Aug 1813 Merritt Butler of
Pompey, NY, where she died 24 Jun 1875.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>She was buried in the cemetery on Pompey Hill with her husband and his
family.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Sally Bigelow, daughter of Josiah
and Sarah, was born sometime before 1800 in Guilford, VT.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She came to Pompey with her parents in 1800
and married Latham Clark.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Elisha Bigelow, son of Josiah and
Sarah, was born 28 Jan 1796 in Guilford, VT and came to Pompey with his parents
in 1800.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A child of 10 when his mother
died in 1806, he was bound as an apprentice to Deacon Levi Jerome of Pompey
until he reached maturity at 21.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>H
served in the army and was stationed for a time at Sacketts Harbor in
Livingston County, NY in 1814.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 7 Jul
1816 he was admitted to the Pompey Presbyterian Church by a confession of faith<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref115" style="mso-endnote-id: edn115;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[115]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He married Maria Reed on 8 Apr 1817 in Pompey
and moved to Constantia, Oswego County, New York, where, on 10 Aug 1823 they
requested a letter of dismissal from the Pompey Presbyterian Church to join the
church in Constantia<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref116" style="mso-endnote-id: edn116;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[116]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He then moved with his wife to Bethany,
Genesee County, New York, where Maria died in 1833.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He later married Harriet Jerome, daughter of
Deacon Levi Jerome and Amarilla Bradley, and on 6 Aug 1838, he and his wife and
the heirs of Levi Jerome, sold land on lot 29 in Pompey, excepting 90 acres, to
Amasa H. Jerome, in consideration for $3,000.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This deed illustrates the wealth of genealogical information that can be
contained in such records.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">“</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">This Indenture made the Sixth
day of August in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty
eight between Seymour Coe & Phebe his wife of Oswego County, Elisha Biggalo
& Harriet his wife of [Genessee] County, Ralph R. Wheelock & Lucretia
his wife of Orleans County, Lucius Cook & Sophia his wife, Edwin W. Mason &
Elect his wife, Betsey Sheldon, Amarilla B. Jerome, Mary Jerome, Levi S. Jerome,
Dolly M. Jerome of Onondaga County all of the State of New York heirs at law of
Levi Jerome Deceased parties of the first part and Amasa H. Jerome of the same place
party of the second part...<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref117" style="mso-endnote-id: edn117;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[117]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Elisha is
found as head of household in Batavia, NY according to 1840, 1850, 1860, 1870
and 1880 US Federal Census records.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He
died 24 Feb 1883 in Batavia, NY.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">James Bigelow, son of Josiah and
Sarah, was born 1 Mar 1799 in Guilford, VT.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>He came to Pompey with his parents in 1800 and was living in Canada and
working as a school teacher by 1822, residing in Hamilton, Province of Ontario
in 1826.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He married Eunice Springer 19
December 1826 in Canada and died in Hamilton in 1847.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">We assume that Levi Jerome and
Ithamar Coe, as Deacons of the First Presbyterian Church of Pompey, were well
acquainted.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 27 May 1806, Deacon
Jerome represented the First Church of Pompey at a meeting convened in Homer,
NY, and attended by Rev. Messrs. Hezekiah N. Woodruff, David Higgins, Hugh
Wallis, Jabez Chadwick and Nathan B. Darrow, in which the Revs. Joshua Leonard
of Cazenovia, Jeremiah Osborne of Tioga and Francis Pomeroy of Brutus, “on
their request, were admitted as constituent members of the [Middle]
Association...<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref118" style="mso-endnote-id: edn118;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[118]</span></span></span></span></a>”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Reverend Francis Pomeroy, of Brutus, was a
first cousin of Spencer Pomeroy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In trying to organize all of these
connections, the landscape of Pompey must be taken into consideration.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Josiah Richardson Bigelow owned property on
lot 26, while Levi Jerome owned property on lot 26 and Ithamar Coe on lot
37.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Lot 37 was on the southern border of
lot 26.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Did this proximity make Josiah
and Ithamar near neighbors?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Is this why
Joab Bigelow was a witness to the deed between Ithamar, his wife Sarah and
Ithamar’s half-brothers Chester and Seymour Coe in 1809, or was the connection
between Seymour Coe, who would marry Phebe Jerome in 1810, who was sister of
Harriet Jerome who shared her household with Elisha Jerome and who later
married him, the reason that Joab was asked to witness the deed?</span></div>
<b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br />Marriage to Spencer Pomeroy</span></b><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Spencer Pomeroy and Mary Ann Coe
were married by Reverend Hugh Wallis on 3 Mar 1807 in Pompey, New York.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref119" style="mso-endnote-id: edn119;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[119]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Spencer was twenty-six years old, while Mary
Ann was only sixteen, and most likely pregnant.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>How well Spencer and Mary Ann knew each other when they married has been
a question which we have pondered for some time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If we look at what we know about Spencer, we
estimate that he settled in Pompey during the winter or spring of 1805-1806,
based on a letter remaining in the Westfield Post Office for him as of 1 Apr
1806.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref120" style="mso-endnote-id: edn120;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[120]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Spencer purchased from George and Zeruiah
Catlin and George Loveland on 31 Oct 1806, property on lot 65 in Pompey, for
$400.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The original deed for property on
lot 65, in Pompey, NY between George and Zeruiah Catlin was found amongst the
Nathan R. Chapman papers at the Onondaga County Historical Society.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Our researcher, Alethea Connolly who found
the deed, did some additional research in order to determine if there was any
connection between Nathan R. Chapman and this piece of property, but none was
found.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>From Alethea’s report dated 11
Sep 2009, “In 1818 James Higgins conveyed the part of Lot 65 (formerly
purchased by Spencer Pomeroy, then by Sarah Pomeroy) known to be approximately
four acres to Canfield Marsh, Book U, pg. 186 (Onondaga County Clerk’s
Office).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That same year, Canfield Marsh
sold a small portion of the property to Oren Benson, Book U, p. 87.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That segment, about ¾ acre bordered on the
southwest land Marovia Marsh held, bounded by a road with a garden fence
noted.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The document was signed by V.
Birdseye, Master in Chancery, in the presence of Asa Wells and Luther Marsh,
and recorded by M.N. McLaren, dept. clerk.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“In 1820 a larger portion of the
property was sold by Canfield Marsh to Marovia Marsh; bordering on Northeast by
land sold to Oren Benson... east six degrees South thirty one rods to Daniel
Woods lands thence South twenty degrees East 12 rods to land owned by Henry Seymour
then West six degrees North thirty three rods 14 links to said Oren Benson’s
land then North to the place of beginning containing two acres two quarters and
thirteen rods to be the same more or less...<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This deed was signed by Samuel Baldwin, Commissioner, in the presence of
Asa Wells, and recorded by T. Adams.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“There were no other sales of land
by Canfield Marsh from Pompey Lot 65, though he sold a few other pieces of
property in Pompey.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“In re-examining the box the 1807
Deed was found in (2003.283.8A1 Box 1) no other deed or legal transaction
before the 1840s was located.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>No other
Pompey documents were in the box.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“I took a preliminary
survey/inventory of other Chapman paper “boxes” (three large boxes) to see if
there might be earlier documents and that his one may have been filed in the
wrong box.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The boxes contain stacks of
legal documents of all kinds, wills, deeds, letters, and legal cases etc
primarily from the 1850s through 1890s – an extensive legal collection.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One box contained a stack of small diary/logs
dating from 1859 through the 1890s.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Some
family letters are dated in the 1830s and 1840s.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Thus, we are left to wonder why the
Spencer Pomeroy deed was found in this collection.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">We do not find any evidence that
Spencer Pomeroy joined the Pompey Congregational Church, or any other church in
Pompey, for that matter.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We do know that
his mother Sarah, with whom we assume he was living prior to marriage, was
received to the Pompey Congregational Church by letter from the church in
Westfield, Massachusetts on 4 Jul 1806.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>As a member, she surely would have been acquainted with Deacon Ithamar
Coe.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As a delegate of the First
Congregational Church of Pompey to the Middle Association (of the Connecticut
Missionary Society) in 1805, Ithamar likely came into contact with Reverend
Francis Pomeroy, who requested and received a unanimous approval to be licensed
to preach by the Middle Association on 20 Jun 1805.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Reverend Francis Pomeroy was Spencer
Pomeroy’s cousin, as Francis’ father Timothy was the younger half-brother of
Spencer’s father Pliny Pomeroy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Were
these connections enough for Ithamar to consider Spencer a man of respectable
character who would make a good husband for his daughter Mary Ann?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Spencer was a cooper by trade and
inheritance, most likely learning the skill from his father.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Evidence of his occupation was found in his
insolvency papers where tools of the trade were listed amongst his belongings.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref121" style="mso-endnote-id: edn121;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[121]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We speculate that Spencer was employed in
this trade when he married Mary Ann.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A month after Spencer and Mary
Ann’s marriage, on 5 April 1807, Spencer had sued John Osburn for $126<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref122" style="mso-endnote-id: edn122;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[122]</span></span></span></span></a>,
possibly for services rendered which he had not been paid for.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Research into the identity and background of
John Osburn (or Osborne), has not produced anything conclusive or
substantive.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We do not know, currently,
what John did for a living and why he would have owed Spencer $126.00.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Perhaps it was for cooperage services.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Alethea Connolly found the
following information about John Osburn (Osborne) at the Onondaga County
Courthouse on 25 August 2011: in 1797 John Osborne bought 50 acres of land on
lot 49 in Pompey from Curtis Chappell, Aaron Bellows, John Thomson, Rufus Bacon
and Jacobus DePuy for <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">£37, 6s, 7p</span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>John Osborne and wife Hannah sold some of
their land on lot 49 in Pompey to S. Fisher in 1809.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A John Osborne and wife Amelia sold property
in Manlius to J.C. Hoyt, in 1817, but we are not certain that this is the same
John Osborne who was an early resident of Pompey.</span></div>
<b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br />Mary Ann and Spencer are Parents</span></b><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Mary Ann gave birth to Francis W.
Pomeroy on 24 Aug 1807 according to a copy of pages from the Smith/Pomeroy
family bible, in the possession of Nancy Scheuerle.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We conjecture that Francis was named after
Spencer’s cousin, the Reverend Francis Pomeroy, as there are no other Francis
in either the Pomeroy or Coe families prior to his birth.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We do not know what his middle initial W
stands for.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In the November 1809 term of the
Supreme Court of Onondaga, Common Pleas, a suit was heard against Spencer
Pomeroy by Henry Seymour and Oren Stone.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This suit, originally filed 5 Jan 1809 for $300, was found in favor of
Seymour and Stone.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Henry Seymour was well respected in
the town of Pompey.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was the father of
Horatio Seymour who would serve as Governor of the State of New York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He owned a store in Pompey Hill with Oren (or
Orrin) Stone<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref123" style="mso-endnote-id: edn123;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[123]</span></span></span></span></a>,
where he resided near the intersection of the current Fayette, Fabius and South
Streets.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A blue and yellow historic
marker designates the property on which Governor Horatio Seymour was born in
1811.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
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<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">It seems unlikely that Spencer and
Mary Ann would have run up a bill at the store in 1809 to the amount of $300<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref124" style="mso-endnote-id: edn124;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[124]</span></span></span></span></a>, so we
wonder whether Seymour and Stone lent Spencer money, to perhaps purchase
property.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This seems to be the start of
Spencer’s financial troubles.</span></div>
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</span><br />
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<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In 1808, Oren Stone is noted in
Brigadier General Robert Earll’s brigade of Lieutenant Colonel Isaac Hall’s
regiment of the Onondaga County Militia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The names in this brigade are interesting to note, as they contain many
of the men that the Pomeroys and Coes knew and interacted with.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The report from the Military Minutes of the
State of New York is as follows:</span></div>
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</span><br />
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<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“Chester Howard, lieutenant, vice
R. Pixley, junior, moved; Gad Loveland, ensign, vice Chester Howard, promoted.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“Jeremiah Gould, junior, captain,
vice Z.D. Hoar, moved; Spencer Fisher, lieutenant, vice Gould, promoted; Wandal
Morton, ensign, vice Spencer Fisher, do; Amos Palmetier, ensign, vice Baker
moved; Ele Cook, lieutenant; Moses Savage, ensign, vice E. Cook, promoted;
Thomas Barnum, lieutenant, vice M. Ball, moved; Lewis Guthery, ensign, vice
Thomas Barnum, promoted; Oren Stone, ensign, vice Jno. Gilbert, moved; Nathan
Baker, lieutenant, vice S. Sutherland, dead; William Russel Lewis, ensign, vice
N. Baker, promoted.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref125" style="mso-endnote-id: edn125;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[125]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In 1809, Oren Stone is also with
the “regiment whereof Elijah St. John is lieutenant colonel commandant:</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Anson W. Jackson,
second major, vice Stewart, belonging to the brigade in Cortland county.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Oren Stone,
adjutant, vice Samuel Dunham, promoted.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Samuel Dunham,
captain light infantry, vice Anson W. Jackson, promoted; Norris Case, do, vice
Olcott, not accepting; Nathaniel Gillet, lieutenant, vice Norris Case,
promoted; Jabish Castle, ensign, vice Nathaniel Gillet, promoted.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Asa Wells, captain
grenadiers, vice (Robert) Swartwout, promoted; Reuben Murray, junior,
lieutenant, do, vice Asa Wells, promoted; Daniel Marsh, ensign, vice Oren
Stone, promoted.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Nicol Howell,
captain, vice Nicholas Howel, appointed by mistake last winter.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Brigadier General
(Isaac) Hall having newly arranged the regiments in his brigade, and the
Commander-in-chief having sanctioned the same; therefore, Resolved, that the
following appointments be and they are hereby made in the said brigade, pursuit
to said arrangement:</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">John Ellis,
lieutenant colonel commandant, vice N. Earl.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Elisha Alvord,
first major, vice John Ellis, promoted; David Laurence, second major, vice T.M.
Wood, promoted; Salmon Thayer, adjutant; Martin Butler, quartermaster, vice
Brown, promoted; Coit Spalding, paymaster; Gordon Needham, surgeon.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Levi Hiscock,
captain; Polaski King, lieutenant, vice Adams; John Gould, ensign, vice Polaski
King – light infantry.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">George Corey,
captain; John Pheatt, lieutenant, Rufus Danforth, ensign, vice Gilchrist not
accepting.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Benajah Byington,
captain, Fisher Curtis, lieutenant: Martin Wendell, ensign – new company.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Daniel Wheadon,
captain; Samuel Camp, lieutenant, John Green, ensign.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Jonah White,
captain; James Webb, lieutenant; Jared Hiscock, ensign – new company.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Nathan Brown,
captain, vice David Laurence, promoted; Turner Fenner, lieutenant; John Clark,
ensign.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Amasa Chapman,
captain; Caleb Amedon, lieutenant, Daniel Chaffie, ensign.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Daniel Hurlbert,
captain; William Sprague, lieutenant; Jared Thayer, ensign.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Joshua Forman,
captain; John Adams, lieutenant; Oliver Strong, ensign – new company.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Thaddeus M. Wood,
lieutenant colonel commandant, vice (Isaac) Hall, brigadier general.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Jacob Depuy, first
major, vice Catlin, resigned; William Olmsted, second major, vice Jacob Depuy;
Stephen G. Williams, adjutant; Nehemiah H. Earl, quartermaster; William
Fillimore, paymaster; James Jackson, surgeon; John M. Stewart, surgeon’s mate.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Prentice Kinney,
captain; Hezekiah Ketchum, lieutenant; Walter Worden, junior, ensign.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Jared Luddington,
captain; Joseph Williams, lieutenant; Elias Stillwell, junior, ensign.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Thomas Davis,
captain; Jonas Hannah, junior, lieutenant; Ira Huntley, junior, ensign – a new
company from Captain Kinney’s.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Amos Russel,
captain; Ethel Kinney, lieutenant; Elijah Pinckney, ensign – a new company in
Cicero.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Jeremiah Gould,
captain; Cologies Vinal, lieutenant; Abile Whitman, ensign; Thomas Barnum,
captain; Lewis Guthrie, lieutenant; Stephen Bancraft, junior, ensign;
Christopher Clark, captain; Nathan Baker, lieutenant; Noah Lee, ensign – three
companies from the regiment in Pompey.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Jasper Wood,
captain, vice William Olmsted, promoted; Wendall Morton, lieutenant, vice
Jasper Wood, do; Nehemiah Gates, ensign.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">William H. Sabin,
captain; John G. Forbes, lieutenant; John Miller, ensign.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref126" style="mso-endnote-id: edn126;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[126]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">By 1811 it appears that Oren Stone
had moved out of Onondaga County, as he was replaced as adjutant by Ephraim
Cleveland.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref127" style="mso-endnote-id: edn127;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[127]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There is an Oren Stone who is found in
Jefferson County, NY by 1815, but we are not sure if this is the same Oren
Stone.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">As it was compulsory for males
starting at aged 18 to serve in the militia, it is assumed that Spencer was a
member of the militia unit formed in the town of Pompey. His later insolvent
debtor inventory lists a uniform, which we presume belonged to him and was used
in drills.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is not known whether
Spencer saw active duty in the military during the War of 1812. As such,
Spencer likely served with Oren Stone.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Oren Stone was also involved in
politics in Onondaga County.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According
to “Onondaga’s Centennial”:</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“In the vote for
governor in 1810, Tompkins received in this county 1,199, and Jonas Platt 890,
showing a Republican gain.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Pompey was
the stronghold, flanked by Manlius and Fabius, and it remained faithful down to
the Anti-Mason frenzy, when Pompey deserted to the new and short-lived
party.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the vote for assemblymen
Jasper Hooper received 1,712 votes; Robert Earl 1,651; James Geddes 1/237; Oren
Stone 1,192, a very close vote, and giving the Republicans a majority in the
Assembly.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref128" style="mso-endnote-id: edn128;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[128]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /><b>Financial troubles</b></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Regarding the poor laws of New York
State, from <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Northfield on the Genesee”</i>,
chapter 7, page 37: “The passage of the Elizabethan Poor Law in 1601 had
established the basis for the relief of the poor.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It provided that able-bodied poor must work,
dependent children became working apprentices and the unemployable were sent to
almshouses.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The New York Poor Law,
passed April 8, 1813 required the election of two overseers of the poor in each
township and city to work in conjunction with the justices of the peace.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“Those
unfortunates with less than two years residence were categorized “foreign poor”
and were not legally the responsibility of the town.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Therefore the constables frequently escorted
the “foreign poor” back to their former place of residence.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“The 1813 law was
repealed in 1829; prior to this town records frequently listed the widows and
families who were warned out.”</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">According to an undated newspaper
clipping found at the Onondaga Historical Association, “The first jail in the
county was that erected at Onondaga Hill after the Legislature had appropriated
$3,000 for the purpose in 1801.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“Previously,
prisoners had been taken to the Herkimer County jail for confinement.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And after 1804, when the Onondaga jail
remained incomplete, the Oneida County jail at Whitesboro was used by Onondaga
for several years.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“Although the
jailhouse on the Hill had its building completed by William Bostwick of Auburn,
contractor, in 1802, no cells had been installed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Then the building was used for a courthouse
for a year or two.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Finally the jail was
completed piecemeal, a two-story building 50 feet square, unpainted, with a
square roof pitching four ways to the eaves.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“Cells and doors
were constructed of heavy oak, fastened with wrought spike.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Each had a “diamond” in the center, through
which prisoners got both food and light.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The building, built on credit, cost $10,000 as it was when completed.”</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“The first jailor
was James Beebe, a Revolutionary veteran, who was succeeded by Horace
Butts.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The old jailhouse was abandoned
when courts and jail moved to Syracuse in 1829.”</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">It would appear that Spencer
Pomeroy knew he was in financial trouble months before filing as an insolvent
debtor on 2 Dec 1811, as he and Mary Ann sold their property of 3 acres and a
dwelling house on lot 65 to Spencer’s widowed mother, Sarah Pomeroy for $500 on
7 Oct 1811.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One might well speculate
that he sold the property to avoid the risk of losing the property, but one has
to wonder where the $500 went, as it is not accounted for in Spencer’s
insolvency file.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The list of suits, debts and
personal belongings in Spencer’s insolvency file is quite interesting, and
bears noting here:</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">“A true account of the Suits in which
Spencer Pomeroy of the Town of Pompey in the County</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">of Onondaga an Insolvent debtor is impleaded
and imprisoned the names of the Several Plaintiffs in Such Suits and their
Places of residence respectively designating as near as may be the nature of
Such suits and the amount due in each Suit__</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><u><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Justice Court</span></u><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Before Asa Wells Esquire Justice of</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">the Peace in & for the County of
Onondaga</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">in the State of New York__</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Henry
Seymore}</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>vs. <span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>Plaintiff
Resides in the Town of</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><u><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Spencer Pomeroy</span></u><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> } <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Pompey
County <sup>of Onondaga </sup>& State aforesaid_<br />
Judgment Rendered in this case on or about the Seventh of October last on
Promesary note for about twenty Dollars which now remains Due</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><u><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Same Court</span></u><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> before same Justice</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Sylvester Holladay} <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Plaintiff Resides in the Town_</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">vs. County} <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>&
State above Stated in </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><u><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Spencer Pomeroy</span></u><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>} <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>the above suit</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Judgment Rendered in this case on or about
the 7<sup>th</sup> day of October last Past on <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Promesary
note by me given to one John [Gaylord] – for about <s>twenty</s> ten Dollars <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>which Remains now Due</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><u><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Same Court</span></u><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> before the same Justice</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Same} <span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>The
same in all things (except the time of</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>vs.
<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>Rendering Judgment &
which was about the 18<sup>th</sup> of Nov</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Same} <span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>November)</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><u><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Same Court</span></u><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> before same Justice</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Elijah Howard</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>vs. <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Plaintiff Resides in the same</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><u><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Spencer Pomeroy</span></u><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">}<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Place afore stated in above suit Judgment Rendered in this case about
the 14<sup>th</sup> day of October last on a Promisary note by me given to said
Gaylord for about fifteen Dollars which now Remains Due</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><u>Same
Court</u> before the same Justice</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Samuel S Baldwin</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">vs. <span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>Plaintiff
Resides in the same</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><u>Spencer
Pomeroy</u> – }<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Place as mentioned in
the above mentioned suits__</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Judgment
Rendered in this case on the 22<sup>nd</sup> day of Instant November for the
Balance <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>of his account and
Judgment against me for about Six Dollars which now Remains Due</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Spencer
Pomroy</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">A full just and true account or list of all
the Creditors of Spencer Pomeroy of the Town of Pompey in the County of
Onondaga<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Insolvent Debtor and of the
monies Due or to become due and owing respectively by the said Insolvent Debtor</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Henry Seymour by Judgment above specified
about $20.00</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Sylvester Holladay by<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></sup>D<sup>o<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span> </sup><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>20.00</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Elijah Howard by <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></sup>D<sup>o<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></sup>D<sup>o<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>
</sup><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>15.00</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Samuel S. Baldwin by <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></sup>D<sup>o<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></sup>D<sup>o<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></sup><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>6.00</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">James Higgins on note about <span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>7.00</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Sarah Pomeroy on note <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o </sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>30.00</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">John Gaylord<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup> <span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>20.00</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Abiram Stebbins on account about<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span> 14.00</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Jacob Hoar<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o
</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>6.00</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Daniel Tibbals<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>3.00</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Hezekiah Hopkins<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1.00</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Ebenezer Carr<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>2.50</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Ithamar Coe<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>4.37 ½</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">James Landon<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>3.00</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Chester Howard<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1.50</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">John [McCarter]<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>0.75</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">[Philop] Root<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>D<sup>o</sup><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>0.65</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Henry Seymour on [small] notes abt<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span> 15.00</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">John Marsh & Morris<span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span>
1.62 ½</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 5;"> </span>Spencer
Pomeroy”</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">“To a just and true inventory or account of
all the estate of Spencer Pomeroy of the Town of Pompey in the County of
Onondaga an Insolvent Debtor Real and Personal both in Law and equity in Possession
revision and remainder and of all books vouchers and Sureties relating to the same
---</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><u><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">My Wearing Apperal </span></u><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">(to wit) </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Hatt </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Great Coat old</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Shught Bodied Do – </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Vest </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Pair Pantaloons </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Pair of Small Close </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2 linen Shught Bodied Coats </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">3 linen Vestes</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">4 Pair of linen Pantaloons </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">I Pair of Cotton Stockings</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2 Pair of Socks </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">4 Shirts </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2 Shirttus </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2 hankerchiefs</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Pair of Shoes </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Pair of Mittens </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Pair of Cotton Gloves</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Uniform Coat<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>& Vest </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 [Clorenell?] Cloth for Coat Shortly to be
made up –</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">My wife’s Wearing apperal (to wit) </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2 Bunnetts </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">4 Shirts </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">6 hankerchiefs </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2 Callico gowns </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Cambruk Do </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Woolen Do</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 linen Do </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">3 Petticoats </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">3 Aprons </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">3 Pair of Stockings </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2 Great Coats (one old other new) </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Pair of Silk Gloves </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Fan </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Pair of Socks </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Silk Shawl </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2 Caps</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">My 2 little Sons Wearing apperal (to wit) </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Hatt </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Great Coat </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 [pant side] jacket </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Pair of Trouser </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2 Pair of Stockings</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Pair of Shoes </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2 Petticoats </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">3 Gowns </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">7 Shirts </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Coos Gown</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Coffee Pott </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2 Beds & Beding (the one for 2 Children)
</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">I [Bedsted] </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Table </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Beauro </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">6 Chairs </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Candle Stand </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2 Candle Sticks</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Looking Glass </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 – 3 Pail Kettle </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Tea Kettle </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Pott </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Dish Kettle </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Bake Kettle </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 12.0pt;">1 skillet </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 [Spider] </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">5 tin Pans </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2 tin Cups</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2 tin Basons </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 tin Pail </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Wooden Do_ </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Pitcher </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 [Point] Glass </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Tea Canister </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 ½ Set of tea cups & sausers </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">15 Earthan Plates </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">about 30 LB of Beef </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">about 10 LB of Salman </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2 Bushel of flower </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">½ Bushel of Pees</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Bushel of Corn </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Bushel of [Beets] </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2 Close Baskets</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2 Small Do_ </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Bread [tub] </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1Wooden Bowl </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Great wheel </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Small Do 1 [Reel] </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Set of knives & forks </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Pair of Shears </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Broom </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 [Cradle] </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Dye Pott </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Rasar </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 [Bon] & Brush </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Bible </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2 Salm Books </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">5 Bound Books </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Several Small Do </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Pen Knife </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">3 Glass Bottles </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">4 Towells </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Soap tub </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2 Barrels </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Peck of Salt </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">3 table Spoons </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2 thousand of Staves </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2 hundred of [heading] </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">50 hoop Polls </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 load of wood</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">4 LB of wool (now manufacturing in to Close
for <sup>my</sup> family)</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1 Set of Cooper tools --- </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Henry Seymour D<sup>r</sup> by [D?] Bill an Store
for 5/5 – </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Stephen Hunt [on] note of about $9.00-</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Epaphioditus Emmons on note 4/5 James Lancton
on a note on account 10/ - </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Urial Willson on acct $2.50</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Godfree Williston on acct - $1.25 </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Gad Loveland on acct - $1.87 ½</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Amos Castle on acct $0.28 </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Jabez Castle $1.00 Ichabod Wood on acct $4.70
– </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Allen Heyden on acct - $1.37 – </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Jesse Butler on acct - $0.50 – </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Asahel Smithon acct $0.75 </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Titus Rust on note $4.30 </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Ira [Lovel] on note $6.92 in mason work, </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Dudley Lamb on note for 40 Bushel Salt </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">20 Bushel Paid Hugh Walles on order on Titus
Rust [Protested] $0”50</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Jabes Butts on act $0.94 </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Ephriam Bond on acct $4.00</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">John Leach on acct $5.00 </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Joseph Bush on acct $5.00</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Allen W Heyden on acct $0.94 </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">all the above from Titus Rust to Allen W.
Heyden assigned to Daniel to Secure him his fees for Doing my Insolvent <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Business – to the amt of twenty Six Dollars</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">½ LB the Oil of Hemlock </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">one Ax </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">6 Bushel of Potatoes </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">some tea Butter & Sugar say a Pound or two
each </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1[Chees] weight about 10 LB</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">on acct in Jas Higgins about 12 Dolls in the
hands of Wm W. Doughety for Spencer Pomeroy</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">collection</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-left: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">an acct in H. Seymour bal Due about $7<sup>00</sup>
or Dollars”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref129" style="mso-endnote-id: edn129;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[129]</span></span></span></span></a></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">It would appear that not all the records of Spencer’s insolvency were
retained in the files at the Onondaga County Clerk’s office, as there are no
papers dealing with the settling of the estate including the sale of Spencer and
Mary Ann’s property.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is very possible
that these papers were somehow separated from the above transcribed
papers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Perhaps one day we will find
them, if they indeed still exist.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Two things stick out to us, as researchers, in reading this detailed description
of Spencer’s insolvency.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>First off,
given the fact that this family was living in an area that until recently
(1800) was considered a wilderness, coupled with the fact that the head of
household is filing for protection from the State as an insolvent debtor,
unable to pay his creditors, it would seem that this family owns a great deal
of personal property.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was this the norm
in Pompey in 1811?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Secondly, and
possibly more trivial but no less fascinating, is the omission of shoes in the
wearing apparel of Spencer’s wife Mary Ann.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>She owned, according to the inventory, two bonnets, two caps, four
shirts, six handkerchiefs, five gowns, two petticoats, three aprons, two coats,
one pair of silk gloves, a fan, a silk shawl, three pairs of stockings and a
pair of socks, but <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">where were her shoes</i>?</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Judy Smith, one of our researchers, wrote a report on the creditors
found in Spencer Pomeroys’ insolvency papers:</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">“Henry Seymour</span></i> – Born at
Litchfield CT 1781, son of Major Moses Seymour. He was a merchant. Sometime
after 1804 he opened a store with Orrin Stone in Pompey.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When the store of Clark & Emmons closed a
year or two later, Seymour & Stone became the main store in the Pompey
village for quite a while. Henry built a windmill on Pompey Hill in 1810 which
failed but he erected another which was used for several years in preparing
grain for distilling.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The windmills were
located near the academy at the site where the Catholic Church was in 1871.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The windmills were in operation until about
1838.<sup><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></sup>In 1809, he was elected
the Town Clerk. Henry was one of the first trustees of the Pompey Academy and
held the position of treasurer from 1813 to 1821 for the academy. In 1819 he
was appointed a Canal Commissioner for the state and it appears that his
supervising of the construction of the Erie Canal was the reason he resigned
his position of treasurer.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Luella Dunham
wrote that Henry and his family moved to Utica in 1819. She also wrote that he
sold his residence and business to his nephew, Henry Seymour Marsh who worked
as a clerk in his uncle’s store.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mr.
Seymour was a State Senator from 1816 to 1819 and again in 1822. After he
resigned from his Canal Commissioner position in 1833 he was appointed
President of the Farmers’ Loan & Trust Co. in the city of NY. He died in
Utica in 1837, Henry’s oldest son, Horatio Seymour, was born at Pompey in 1811.
Horatio was governor of New York and ran for president against Ulysses S.
Grant.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>“</b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Sylvester Holladay</span></i><b>
- </b>Cannot locate a Sylvester Holladay on the Pompey 1810 U.S. Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There is a Jonathan and 2 Amos <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Holliday</span></i>
for Pompey in that year. Possibly the son of Amos and living with his parents
in Pompey in 1810.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The 1820 census for
Steuben County has a Sylvester and an Amos Holladay</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>“</b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Elijah Howard</span></i> – The
only mention I find in the Pompey Re-union book is about Elijah buying a farm
from Miles Dunbar and he sold it to John Todd. I also find him buying and
selling lot 41 in 1812.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He bought it
from James B, Eleanor Clark, et al and John, Cornelia Fisher, et al and sold it
to 3 different people.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>“</b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Samuel S. Baldwin</span></i> –
was on a committee that included Henry Seymour and Manoah Pratt to build an
academy in Pompey in 1807. In 1811, Samuel was named in the Academy’s charter
as one of the first trustees of the Pompey Academy along with Henry Seymour,
Ithamar Coe, Daniel Wood, Daniel Tibbals, and Victory Birdseye.<sup><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></sup>He was the first licensed lawyer to
settle at West Hill (now the village of Lafayette) moving from Pompey
Hill.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1806, Samuel’s law office was
in the northeast corner of the property either on or near Henry Seymour’s home
property. Luella Dunham in 1879 wrote of Samuel; “he was a man of rare natural
ability, and gained an enviable repute as a follower of Blackstone.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She said that his office was later removed
from this site to where the “Gott office” was. Gott was the second husband of
Samuel’s sister Ann.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>“</b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">John Gaylord</span></i><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> –</span> Cannot find any information for a
John Gaylord except that he is on the 1810 Census for Pompey, age<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>between 26-44 years and a female, most likely
his wife same age range.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>“</b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Abiram[?] Stebbins</span></i><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> -</span> no information on Abiram, there is
an Oliver Stebbins on the 1820 Census for Pompey, no Stebbins on the 1810
Pompey Census. No Stebbins in Onondaga County for 1810. We do have an Abial
Stebbins married to a Eunice Pomeroy who is a 4<sup>th</sup> cousin of
Spencer’s. He died in Allegany County NY in 1871. He and his wife were from
Hampden County MA.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>“</b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Jacob Hoar</span></i><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> –</span> came from Onondaga and settled on
lot 48 in 1794 on the road from the village of Pompey to Jamesville next to a
spring of water. He lived near the 4 corners that was called “Log City” which
for a few years was a rival with Pompey Hill. He purchased the land from
Ebenezer Lowell. More of the lot was sold to him in 1809 by James and Hannah
Griffiths or Griffes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1812, he
purchased lot 49 from Ephraim and Sally Bond. Beauchamps wrote that Jacob came
to Pompey between 1789 and 1794 with Jesse Butler, brother of Ebenezer. He
states that Jacob’s daughter Sally was the first white child born in the town.
I read somewhere that the Hoar family from Pompey changed their name to Hobart.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>“</b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Daniel Tibbals</span></i> – A
doctor, came to Pompey shortly about 1800 from Connecticut and settled on the
Hill. He also owned a drug store, unsure of the date. It was located next to
the stone store. In later years, Calvin Balls’ goldsmith shop was in the same
building.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Daniel was married to Mary (Polly)
Marvin and had at least one son, Charles Marvin Tibbals b. 5/9/1811 in NY,
probably Pompey.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Charles moved to Erie
PA in 1836 and was a merchant and manufacturer. Dr. Tibbals moved to Erie to be
near his son later in life.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the
Military Minutes for the State of New York 1783-1821, Daniel is named as a
surgeon for Onondaga County in the Militia for 1803 in the regiment commanded
by Jeremiah Jackson. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>“</b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Col. Hezekiah Hopkins</span></i><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> –<b> </b></span>Born 1758, Harwinton,
Litchfield Co., CT, moved with his family to Clinton, Oneida County, in 1800. 2
years later, he moved to Pompey Hill. He married Eunice Hubbell and had 5 sons
and 4 daughters. Col Hopkins purchased a tavern from Truman Lewis in 1803 and
ran the hotel and tavern for 24 years.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>According to the “The Pompey Re-Union” he ran “a very temperate, quiet and
orderly place.” I believe it was located at the south corner of Academy and
Wall Street. In 1803-04, John Meeker opened a general store in Hezekiah
Hopkins’ “Tavern stand” on Pompey Hill.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>In 1808, it was voted that hogs were not allowed to run wild within a ½
mile of Col. Hopkins hotel. In 1815 the two tavern keepers in<sup> </sup>Pompey
Hill were Hopkins and John Handy. Col. Hopkins daughter, Charlotte, taught a
school in his hotel about 1819, in the northwest room of the hotel. Hezekiah
died in 1834.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>“</b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Ebenezer Carr</span></i><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> –</span> b. 1771, Saratoga Co., NY, son of
Caleb & Margaret (Adams) Carr of Newport RI, was married to Mary Ann’s Aunt
Clarissa Ball abt 1792. He was also the guardian for Lebbeus Ball, Jr.’s
children. In 1795 an Ebenezer Carr was one of a number of men appointed
overseer of Highways for the town of Pompey. He owned a farm on the Pompey
& Manlius Road which I believe is lot 49 since he bought it from Mr. Anger.
Ebenezer was listed as one of the earliest settlers to Pompey. He is referred
to in the Pompey Re-Union as Captain Carr. Numerous land transactions as
follows:</span></div>
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<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“Ebenezer & Clarissa Carr sold <b>lot
35</b> and <b>lot 39</b> to J. Canfield 1805 (D,350)</span></div>
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Ebenezer & Clarissa Carr sold <b>lot
29</b> <b>to J. Curry</b> 1807 (F,369)</span></div>
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">E. Carr bought <b>lot 39</b> from
Elisabeth Curry 1805 (D,346)</span></div>
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">E. Carr bought <b>lot 35</b> from
George Slocum 1808 (H,554)</span></div>
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">E. Carr bought <b>lot 29</b> from
Asa Wade 1808 (H,556)</span></div>
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">E. Carr bought <b>lot 49</b> from
John & Mary Angeir 1808 (H,558)</span></div>
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">E. Carr bought <b>lot 49</b> from
John & Clarinda Bowers 1808 (H,557)</span></div>
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">E. Carr bought <b>lot 49</b> from
Moses Lilly 1811 (L,337)</span></div>
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Ebenezer & Clarissa Carr sold <b>lot
49</b> to A. Wheaton, et al, 1811 (L, 334)</span></div>
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Ebenezer & Clarissa Carr sold <b>lot
49</b> to A. Plaunt 1811 (L,335)</span></div>
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">E. Carr bough <b>lot 49</b> from
Abraham & Pamela Plaunt 1812 (M,202)</span></div>
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">E. Carr bought <b>lot 64, 65</b>
from Salmon Butler 1812 (M,353)</span></div>
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">E. Carr bought <b>lot 39</b> from
Hannah & Augustus Wheaton 1815 (Q,38)</span></div>
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">E. Carr bought <b>lot 8</b> from
Nathan & Polly Williams III 1816 (R,221)</span></div>
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Ebenezer & Clarissa Carr sold <b>lot
39</b> to W. Miller 1816 (R,22)</span></div>
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Ebenezer & Clarissa Carr sold <b>lot
39+</b> to B. Beard 1818 (U.109)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>“</b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">James Landon</span></i><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> –<b> </b></span>no record of a James Landon,
but a James Langdon is on the 1810 census for Pompey. A William Landon bought
lot 37 in 1815 from Beach Beard. </span></div>
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<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">“<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Chester Howard</i> –<b> </b></span>a
blacksmith, built a home on lot 64 about 1808 which later was known as the
“Beebe House”. He married Lucretia, sister of Manoah Pratt. When Chester owned
this place he rented out to a priest by the name of Chadwick who lived in the
front rooms of the building for a while. Victory Birdseye owned the place from
about 1813 to 1817. Chester taught the blacksmithing trade to Merrit Butler and
Harry Hopkins and the three of them became partners for three years. Chester
and his wife moved to Ohio in 1836 settling at Westfield about 30 miles from
Columbus.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>“</b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">John McCarter</span></i><b> </b>–
I don’t believe this name is correct.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>No
John Mc anything on the 1810 Pompey census.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>“ </b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Phillip Root</span></i><b> </b>–
1810 Census has a Philip Root in Pompey with 3 males age 16-25 and one female
16-25.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There are land transactions for a
Peter P. Roots in Pompey for lot 100, could this be Philip?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There is no Peter on the Pompey census, but
there was a Peter P. Roots who was a Pastor of the Baptist Church in Fabius in
1807. This Peter was a missionary from Hamilton NY.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His full name was Peter Philanthropos Roots
b. 1766 Simsbury CT, he graduated from Dartmouth and went to Seminary in
Boston. He married Elizabeth Keep of Winfield NY in 1797.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She was b. 1776 in MA. They settled in
Hamilton where he preached in the Baptist Church. In April 1803, he and his family
moved to Pompey. In March 1805 they moved to Fabius where they stayed until
1825 when the settled in Mendon, Monroe County, NY. He died there in 1828. He
would be too old for the Phillip Root in Pompey and too young to be a son.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>“</b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">John Marsh</span></i><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> –</span> From Luella Dunham’s recollection,
a John Marsh, who came from New Hartford, Madison County, once owned a home
that was between Syracuse St (91) and Wall Street). I have in my notes that
Luther Marsh was born there. She said that he made many improvements to the place
and planted fruit trees and shrubbery.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>She does not give a date for it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Samuel Baldwin also lived here at one time. A John Marsh was partners
with Charles Morris in a store in 1814. This store was located next to Daniel
Wood’s law office. In 1811, a J Marsh bought from Lewis and Phebe Baker <b>lot
64</b> (K,262).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also in 1811 a J. Marsh
et al purchased lot <b>64</b> from Chester & Cretea Howard (K,264).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>An Ensign John Marsh drew lot 83 in Manlius
from the Military Tract.”</span></div>
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<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">While we do not know exactly when
Mary Ann left Spencer, a few items found hint at a few possibilities.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In Mary Ann’s pleas for a divorce
from Spencer in Huron County, Ohio Court, in a court hearing on 9 Aug 1827, a
statement reads “The petition of Mary Ann Pomeroy of Norwalk in said County humbly
showeth unto your [Honors] that on the fifth day of March AD 1807 she was
lawfully joined in marriage to Spencer Pomeroy of the State of New York with
whom she lived in the fruitful and constant performance of all the duties of
the marriage contract on her part untill on or about the latter end of the year
1811.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When he the said Spencer without
any cause known to your Petitioner wilfully absented himself and totally
abandoned and deserted her leaving her destitute of the means of living, with
two infant children to support and has ever since continued his absence and has
never since furnished her with any means to support herself or children.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And your petitioner would further state that
during the time the said Spencer lived with her his conduct was uniformly harsh
barbarous and cruel in the extreme.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And
your petitioner would further state that since her marriage with said Spencer
his conduct towards other women has been extremely lewd and improper and that
he has been guilty of the crime of Adultery.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref130" style="mso-endnote-id: edn130;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[130]</span></span></span></span></a></span> </div>
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<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Additionally is a “Cancel of
Marriage Contract” found in the Huron County, Ohio Deed book, and attached to a
quitclaim in which David and Mary Ann Powers revoke any right to property on
lot 6 in Norwalk, containing 64 rods of land or 40/100<sup>th</sup> of an acre,
received and recorded 7 Aug 1834 by Ichabod Marshall, Recorder.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The contract states: “Spencer Pomeroy to
Miriam his Wife Cancel of Marriage Contract.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This may Certify to all whom it may concern that I Spencer by a Mutual
agreement between me and my wife Mariam, have, and do by these presents revoke,
and disannull the marriage covenant between myself and the said Mariam forever,
and that I do discharge her the said Mariam in every particular manner name or
nature whatsoever, as being no longer my wife, and she has liberty and full
right to marry and live with any one that she may make her choice so far as it
may concern me, as I will never disturb her in any situation in life whatsoever
witness my hand and seal. [signed] Spencer Pomeroy LS.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Dated at Pompey this 19t day of October
1816.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Witness Calvin J. Ball”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref131" style="mso-endnote-id: edn131;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[131]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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</span><br />
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<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The time frame in which Mary Ann
Pomeroy claims that her husband abandoned her (in the divorce petition above),
directly coincides with the date that Spencer petitioned the court for
insolvency. </span></div>
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<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In later years, Mary Ann is
identified as a seamstress and we wonder whether she was supplementing the
household earnings through this work in the early years of her marriage.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Certainly, spinning wheels would have been
common household items which women typically used to produce material to clothe
their family, and the amount of cloth in the inventory may have been for the
family’s use.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is hard to know if Mary
Ann worked outside the family as a seamstress.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>It does seem unusual for a family with the amount of household goods
that the Pomeroys claimed, would be filing as insolvent debtors.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Were these items that Mary Ann brought with
her into the marriage?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was her father able
to provide a more comfortable living situation for his family than Spencer was
for his?</span></div>
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<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">It is interesting to consider what
Mary Ann’s father Ithamar was doing in 1811.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>He was a landholder in Pompey and a director of the Jamesville Iron and
Woolen Factory, and in part responsible for the repayment of a $4,500 loan
given to the Factory by the State of New York in June 1812.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mary Ann’s brother Martin had moved to LeRoy,
New York during this time, and in the years that follow, Ithamar would leave
Pompey around 1816 and move his family to LeRoy, where Martin had already
settled.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The War of 1812 effectively
stopped foreign trade, and severely affected many American industries.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We can’t help but wonder whether the war
negatively affected the Jamesville Iron and Woolen Factory.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Its president, Nicholas Mickles, also owned a
large iron manufactory in Onondaga, which supplied iron and bullets to the
American Army.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Did the Jamesville Iron
and Woolen Factory also supply the army?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>It appears that by 1818, the Factory had fallen on hard times, and while
the interest on the loan to the State was being paid, the value of the security
on the loan (the mortgage of the property), was no longer worth the money
owed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Could this have been a
contributing factor to Ithamar Coe’s departure from Pompey, or did the reason
lie in Mary Ann’s failed marriage.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Or,
was Mary Ann’s parents’ departure from Pompey, the impetus for ending her
failed marriage?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 29 Feb 1816, Ithamar Coe settled
his account with Ferrier John Slosson of Manlius.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mr. Slosson’s account book, of which the
first date is 1799, show him doing business with Ithamar Coe since 7 May 1813.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref132" style="mso-endnote-id: edn132;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[132]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mr. Slosson’s services ranged from shoeing
horses, mending a harness to a whippletree, pounding the plates on a plow,
making a set of reins for a wagon, mending a dung fork, making a bayonet,
making a grub hoe, sharpening shears and sharpening seven harrow teeth.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ithamar paid Mr. Slosson in cash, cider and
other services.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /><b>The Lost Years - the Coe Family in LeRoy, NY</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Mary Ann’s Brother Martin, born 24
Sep 1786 in Ballstown, NY, had moved with his parents to Pompey and appears to
have been handling his father’s and family’s accounts when his father was out
of town. The Jerome Ledger at the Onondaga Historical Association contains an
account of Martin’s expenses and payments.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>From 9 Dec 1809 through 10 Feb 1910 he was charged for board and
schooling, and on 17 Feb 1810 he was charged for schooling his brother Orman
for one week.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is likely, given that
Martin was 23 at the time of these ledger entries that the charges all related
to his younger brother Orman’s education, but only the last entry states this.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref133" style="mso-endnote-id: edn133;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[133]</span></span></span></span></a></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">According to the Coe Family Bible,
Martin married Clara Hatch on 15 Sep 1810 in Pompey.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref134" style="mso-endnote-id: edn134;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[134]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The book <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Gazetteer
and Biographical Record of Genesee County, N.Y. 1788-1890</i> states that
Martin and Clara “emigrated from Pompey, N.Y., to Le Roy in 1811”, <a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref135" style="mso-endnote-id: edn135;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[135]</span></span></span></span></a> while
the book <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Early Settlers of New York
State, Their Ancestors and Descendants, Vol I, </i>gives his date of settlement
in Le Roy as 1812.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref136" style="mso-endnote-id: edn136;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[136]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Martin served as a Lieutenant in Adam’s
Regiment of the New York Volunteers, during the War of 1812.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref137" style="mso-endnote-id: edn137;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[137]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 9 Nov 1812, he served in Genesee County as
a Lieutenant in the 77<sup>th</sup> Regiment of Light Infantry under Captain
William Sheldon.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref138" style="mso-endnote-id: edn138;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[138]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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</span><br />
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<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 20 Feb 1814, Martin O. Coe
joined the First Congregational Church of Le Roy.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref139" style="mso-endnote-id: edn139;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[139]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to the book <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Our County and Its People, A Descriptive and Biographical Record of
Genesee County New York,</i> “The development of the village of Le Roy
fortunately had not ceased during the war, though of necessity the inhabitants
suffered greatly. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Even while the war was
in progress, in 1812, J. & A. Nobles built a carding factory in the
village.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Another was in operation during
and after the war by a man named Stewart.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Brick yards were conducted by Martin O. Coe and Uni Hurlburt.... In 1815
or 1816 an oil mill was started by Martin O. Coe.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This afterwards became successively the
property of L.C. Morgan, Foreman, Starr and Co., J. M. Foreman, and Mr.
Rogers.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref140" style="mso-endnote-id: edn140;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[140]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was about this time that his parents and
several siblings removed from Pompey, NY to LeRoy.</span></div>
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</span><br />
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<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Martin was identified as a Captain
in the 77<sup>th</sup> Regiment of Light Infantry for Genesee County, NY in
1817.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref141" style="mso-endnote-id: edn141;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[141]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Martin was named president of the Genesee
County Bible Society, with which organization he continued to be affiliated for
many years, serving several terms as president.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref142" style="mso-endnote-id: edn142;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[142]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 11 Jun 1819, Martin executed a twenty year
lease of land between a saw mill and a carding shop owned by Martin,
“sufficient whereon to erect a building twenty two feet by thirty, and the
privilege of passing to the road from said buildings with Teams etc” to Anthony
Cooley and Stephen O. Almy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Martin also
agreed to support the dam which supplied the saw mill and carding machine,
“high enough to raise six feet head from the bootom of his Saw Mill Wheel” and
granted “the privilege, and leases as above, of drawing water sufficient to
carry a well constructed oil drill, not to exceed one hundred solid inches of
water for grinding, one hundred and fifty inches for pressing, and forty for
other uses, as heating seed etc, said water to be used for making oil, and
grinding Cake and no other purpose”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Martin
also agreed to “be at one fourth of the expense of erecting a floom from the
above mentioned dam to said Building above mentioned, and to be at one fourth
of the expense of repairing said floom” as long as he used water from this
floom.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref143" style="mso-endnote-id: edn143;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[143]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In June of 1819, Martin was named
co-administrator, with Sophia Noyes and Harvey Hatch, of Abel Noyes’
estate.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Abel Noyes was the husband of
Sophia Shepard Hatch, the older sister of Martin’s wife Clara.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Letters of Administration for Abel Noyes’
estate state that Abel was “late of the town of Le Roy”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Timothy Hatch, Clara, Sophia and Harvey’s
father, had removed from Pompey, NY to Le Roy about 1814<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref144" style="mso-endnote-id: edn144;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[144]</span></span></span></span></a>, where
he died in 1844<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref145" style="mso-endnote-id: edn145;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[145]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Next week: Part 3 – Mary Ann in Ohio </span></i></b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div style="mso-element: endnote-list;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br clear="all" />
</span><br />
<hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn1" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[1]</span></span></span></span> Shirley
Deryn, compiler, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Journal of Rev. Hugh
Wallis, </i>(Corfu: Pembroke Town Historians, 1975) 11.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn2" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[2]</span></span></span></span>
Coe Family Bible, copy of family history pages in possession of Nancy Scheuerle</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn3" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[3]</span></span></span></span>
James Russell Trumbull, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of
Northampton, Vol. III</i>, Manuscript, 1902, unpublished, at the Forbes
Library, Northampton, MA.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn4" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[4]</span></span></span></span>
Daniel Pomeroy will (1755), Box 115, File 29, Test. 1755, Probate Court,
Northampton, MA.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn5" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[5]</span></span></span></span>
Journal of the Times article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Boston
Evening Post, </i>Boston, MA, 14 Aug 1769, P 1, Col 1-4.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn6" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[6]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of Northampton, Vol III</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn7" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[7]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid.</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn8" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[8]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid.</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn9" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[9]</span></span></span></span>
Northampton, MA – Marriages from first record to 1840, by Bride, US Genweb
Archives online
[http://files.usgenwarchives,net/ma/hampshire/towns/northampton/vitals/marr0002.txt],
accessed 16 Dec 2009.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn10" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[10]</span></span></span></span>
Rev. John H. Lockwood, D.D., Ernest Newton Bagg, Walter S. Carson, Herbert E.
Riley, Edward Boltwood, Will L. Clark, Staff Historian, editors, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Western Massachusetts; a history: 1636-1925,
</i>New York: Lewis Historical Pub. Co., 1926) 288</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn11" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[11]</span></span></span></span>
Church Records 1661-1843, Congregational Church: Church of Christ, Northampton,
MA, FHL Film #186160, Salt Lake City, UT.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn12" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[12]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of Northampton, Volume III</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn13" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[13]</span></span></span></span>
Advertisement, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Hampshire Gazette, </i>Northampton,
MA, 18 Mar 1795, P 2</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn14" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[14]</span></span></span></span>
Presbyterian Historical Society, “Records of the Middle Association of
Ministers and Churches on the Military Tract and Its Vicinity”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Journal of the Presbyterian Historical
Society, </i>Vol X <span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">[Jun
1920]: 218-284.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn15" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[15]</span></span></span></span>
A Record of the Proceedings of the First Congregational Society of Brutus,
USGenweb, Cayuga County, N.Y., online [http://www.rootsweb.com/~nycayuga/church/1stcongress_proceedings.htm],
accessed 12 Oct 2004.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn16" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[16]</span></span></span></span><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[16]</span></span></span></span> Onondaga
County Public Library WPA Files, OCPL online
[http://www.onlib.org/dbtw-wpd/Textbase/wpaquery.html], accessed 12 Oct 2004.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn17" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[17]</span></span></span></span>Re-Union
Committee,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Re-Union of the Sons and Daughters of the Old Town of Pompey, Held at
Pompey Hill, June 29, 1871, </i>(Syracuse: Courier Printing Company, 1875),
144.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn18" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[18]</span></span></span></span>
“Vital Records of Northampton, Massachusetts”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Corbin Collection Volume 1: Records of Hampshire County, Massachusetts,
</i>CD-ROM, Boston, Mass: New England Historic Genealogical Society, 2003,
(Online database, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">NewEnglandAncestors.org,
</i>New England Historic Genealogical Society, 2008.)</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn19" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[19]</span></span></span></span>
Gerald James Parsons, compiler, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
Parsons Family Volume I, </i>(Baltimore: Gateway Press, Inc., 2002) 323.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn20" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[20]</span></span></span></span>
Thomas Bridgman, compiler, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Inscriptions
on the Grave Stones in the Grave Yards of Northampton and of Other Towns in the
Valley of the Connecticut, as Springfield, Amherst, Hadley, Hatfield,
Deerfield, &c. with Brief Annals of Northampton, </i>Facsimile Reprint
(Bowie: Heritage Books, Inc., 1996) 40.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn21" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[21]</span></span></span></span>
Town Records 1778-1868, Westhampton, Hampshire County, Massachusetts Town
Clerk, FHL US/CAN Film # 879881, Salt Lake City, UT.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn22" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[22]</span></span></span></span>
James Higgins household, 1800 U.S. Census, Buckland, Hampshire County,
Massachusetts, P 795, National Archives microfilm publication M32_15.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn23" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[23]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Tax Assessment Rolls of Real &
Personal Property, 1799-1804, </i>Film #B0950,Reel 12, New York State Archives,
Albany, N.Y.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn24" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[24]</span></span></span></span>
Civil Actions, Onondaga County Clerk’s Office, Syracuse, Onondaga County, N.Y.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn25" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[25]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid.</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn26" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[26]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid.</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn27" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[27]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Tax Assessment Rolls of Real &
Personal Property, 1799-1804.</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn28" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[28]</span></span></span></span>
Town Records, 1778-1868, Westhampton, Hampshire County Massachusetts Town Clerk</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn29" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[29]</span></span></span></span>
Albert D. Rust, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Record of the Rust
Family, </i>reprint (Salem, Higginson Book Company, 2002) 123, 207</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn30" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[30]</span></span></span></span>
Town Records, 1778-1868, Westhampton, Hampshire County Massachusetts Town Clerk</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn31" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[31]</span></span></span></span>
Onondaga County Deeds, Book H: P 259-60, Onondaga County Clerk’s Office,
Syracuse, Onondaga County, N.Y.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn32" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[32]</span></span></span></span>Rhoades
Family Vertical File, Onondaga Historical Society, Syracuse, N.Y., accessed 13
Mar 2009.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn33" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[33]</span></span></span></span> J. Roy
Dodge, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Crossroads Town, A Photo-Biography
of the Town of Lafayette, </i>(LaFayette: The Central New Yorker, 1979) 10.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn34" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[34]</span></span></span></span>
Onondaga County Public Library WPA Files, OCPL online [http://www.onlib.org/dbtw-wpd/Textbase/wpaquery.html]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn35" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[35]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Tax Assessment Rolls of Real &
Personal Property, 1799-1804, </i>Film #B0950, Reel 12, New York State
Archives, Albany, N.Y.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn36" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[36]</span></span></span></span>
W.W. Clayton, History of Onondaga County, New York, (Syracuse: D. Mason and
Company, 1878) 81.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn37" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[37]</span></span></span></span>
Newton King notes, 1952, LaFayette, N.Y. Vertical File, Onondaga Historical
Association, Syracuse, N.Y.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn38" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[38]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of Onondaga County, New York</i>,
81</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn39" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[39]</span></span></span></span>
Jean Schultz Keough, compiler, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Water,
Wheels and Stone: Heritage of the Little Village by the Creek, Jamesville, New
York, </i>Camillus: B & C Offset Printing, 1976), 12</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn40" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[40]</span></span></span></span>Genesee
County Miscellaneous Records, Vol. 2, P 108-109, FHC microfilm #810782, Salt
Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn41" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[41]</span></span></span></span>
Elijah Rust household, 1800 U.S. Census, Manlius, Onondaga County, New York, P
170; National Archives microfilm publication roll 24.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn42" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[42]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Tax Assessment Rolls of real &
Personal Property, 1799-1804</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn43" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[43]</span></span></span></span>
Daughters of the American Revolution, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Church
Records from the Town of Pompey</i>, (Albany: DAR; 1931) 1c</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn44" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[44]</span></span></span></span>
Francis Bacon Trowbridge, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Ashley
Genealogy, </i>(New Haven; Francis Bacon Trowbridge, 1896) 131-132.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn45" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[45]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of Northampton, Volume III</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn46" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[46]</span></span></span></span>
Publication Committee, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Re-Union of the
Sons and Daughters of the Old Town of Pompey, Held at Pompey Hill, June 29,
1871, </i>(Pompey; Published by Direction of the Re-Union Meeting, 1875)</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn47" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[47]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Church Records from the Town of Pompey</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn48" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[48]</span></span></span></span>
Letters Remaining at the Post Office, Westfield, MA, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Hampshire Federalist, </i>Northampton, MA 15 Apr 1806, Early American Newspapers
Series I, NewsBank online [http://infoweb.newsbank.com]</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn49" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[49]</span></span></span></span>
Ichabod Wood household, 1810 U.S. Census, Pompey, Onondaga County, New York, P
31, National Archives microfilm publication roll 34.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn50" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[50]</span></span></span></span>
James Higgins household, 1810 U.S. Census, Pompey, Onondaga County, New York, P
31; National Archives microfilm publication roll 34.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn51" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[51]</span></span></span></span>
Spencer Pomeroy household, 1810 U.S. Census, Pompey, Onondaga County, New York,
P 24; National Archives microfilm publication roll M252_34</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn52" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[52]</span></span></span></span>
Onondaga County, New York Deed Records, Book F, P 291-292, County Clerk’s
Office, Syracuse, N.Y.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn53" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[53]</span></span></span></span>
Advertising for the benefit of the insolvent act of this state article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">New York Commercial Advertiser, </i>New
York, N.Y., 9 Jul 1807, P 3</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn54" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[54]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Re-Union of the Sons and Daughters of the
Town of Pompey, Held at Pompey Hill, June 29, 1871</i>, 168-172</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn55" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[55]</span></span></span></span>
Northampton, MA Marriages from first record to 1840, by Bride, USGenweb
Archives online</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn56" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[56]</span></span></span></span>
Town Records, 1778-1868, Westhampton, Hampshire County, Massachusetts</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn57" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[57]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Re-Union of the Sons and Daughters of the
Town of Pompey, Held at Pompey, Hill, June 29, 1871, </i>162-164</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn58" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[58]</span></span></span></span>
Onondaga County, New York, Deed Records, Book I, P 405, Onondaga County Clerk’s
Office, Syracuse, N.Y.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn59" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[59]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Luther Marsh Duty Collection Ledger,
1814-1816</i>, OHA Accession # 2003.452; C5, Box 1, Onondaga Historical
Association, Syracuse, N.Y></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn60" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[60]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Tax Assessment Rolls of Real and Personal
Property, 1799-1804, </i>Film # B0950, Reel 12, New York State Archives,
Albany, NY</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn61" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[61]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn62" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[62]</span></span></span></span>Albert
A. Pomeroy, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History and Genealogy of the
Pomeroy Family, Collateral Lines in Family Groups</i>, (Salem; reprinted by
Higginson Book Company, 1912) p 234</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn63" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[63]</span></span></span></span>
Ralph Dornfeld Owen, editor, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Descendants
of John Owen of Windsor, Connecticut (1622-1699) A Genealogy, </i>(Philadelphia;
1941) p 152-153</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn64" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[64]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">D.A.R. Bible Records, Volume 39, </i>Copied
by Minnie L.C. Coleman, Chairman Gen. Research Committee, Gen. Asa Danforth
Chapter, D.A.R. (Syracuse, Asa Danforth Chapter D.A.R., 1931) pp 165-182</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn65" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[65]</span></span></span></span>
<i>Abstracts
of Wills, Administrations and Guardianships in NY State, 1787 - 1835.</i>
(Online database: <i>AmericanAncestors.org</i>. New England Historic
Genealogical Society, 2006.) Original manuscript in: Eardeley Genealogy
Collection: New York State Abstracts of Wills, Brooklyn Historical Society.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn66" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[66]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid.</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn67" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[67]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Massachusetts Marriages, 1695-1910, </i>digital
images, FamilySearch Internet (www.familysearch.org)</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn68" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[68]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Pompey, Onondaga County, New York, Road
Book, 1794-1819</i>, Pompey Historical Society, Pompey, N.Y. </span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn69" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[69]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid.</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn70" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[70]</span></span></span></span>
Emerson Kinne, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History and Genealogy of A
Branch of the Family of Kinne</i> (Syracuse; Master & Stone, 1881), 29</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn71" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[71]</span></span></span></span>
Pompey Re-Union Publication Committee, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Re-Union
of the Sons and Daughters of the Old Town of Pompey, Held at Pompey Hill, June
29, 1871</i> (Syracuse: Courier Printing Company, 1875) 160-161</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn72" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[72]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History and Genealogy of A Branch of the
Family of Kinne</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn73" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[73]</span></span></span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> Newton King, Compiler </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Records for the First
Congregational Church in Pompey 1797-1902</span></i><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">. Copied
November 2001 from the records of Sylvia Shoebridge, Pompey Town Historian, p
46</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn74" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[74]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid.</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn75" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[75]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Pompey, Onondaga County, New York, Road
Book, 1794-1819,</i>p 186</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn76" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[76]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Records for the First Congregational
Church in Pompey 1792-1902, </i>p 61.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn77" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[77]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Records for the First Congregational
Church in Pompey 1792-1902, </i>p 62.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn78" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[78]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid,</i>, p 74</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn79" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[79]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid, </i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn80" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[80]</span></span></span></span>
Shirley Deryn, compiler, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Journal of Rev.
Hugh Wallis</i> (Corfu: Pembroke Town Historians, 1975), 11</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn81" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[81]</span></span></span></span>
Lemuel Shattuck, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Memorials of the
Descendants of William Shattuck, The Progenitor of the Families in America that
have Borne His Name</i> (Boston: Dutton and Wentworth, 1855), 153-154</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn82" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[82]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Journal of Rev. Hugh Wallis</i>, 11</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn83" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[83]</span></span></span></span>
W.W. Williams, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of The Fire Lands;
Comprising Huron and Erie Counties, Ohio</i> (Cleveland: Leader Printing
Company, 1879) 118-119</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn84" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[84]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Memorials of the Descendants of William
Shattuck...</i>, P 235</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn85" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[85]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid.</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn86" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[86]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid.</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn87" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[87]</span></span></span></span>
“Berwyn (Maplewood) Cemetery” Accessed 28 Oct 2008,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~nyononda/CEMETERY/BERWYN.HTM</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn88" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[88]</span></span></span></span>
Albert Baxter, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of the City of
Grand Rapids, Michigan,</i> New York; Munsell & Co., 1891)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>627</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn89" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[89]</span></span></span></span>
Lester Card, compiler, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Cemetery Records
and Others in Onondaga County, N.Y.</i> (New York: New York Genealogical and
Biographical Society, 1931) 43</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn90" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[90]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Memorials of the Descendants of William
Shattuck...,</i> p 235-236</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn91" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[91]</span></span></span></span>
William B. Murray, “Some Descendants of Jonathan Murray of East Guilford,
Connecticut,”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Nebraska and Midwest Genealogical Record</i>, Vol 6, No. 3 (July
1928): 29-40</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn92" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[92]</span></span></span></span>
Lester C. Card, compiler, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Births,
Marriages and Deaths of Onondaga County Vol IV</i> (New York: New York
Genealogical and Biographical Society, 1931) 166</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn93" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[93]</span></span></span></span>
“Some Descendants of Jonathan Murray of East Guilford, Connecticut”</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn94" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[94]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Memorials of the Descendants of William
Shattuck..., Ibid.</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn95" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[95]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid.</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn96" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[96]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Historical Gazetteer, part First, Steuben
County, New York</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn97" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[97]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Memorials of the Descendants of William
Shattuck..., Ibid.</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn98" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[98]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid.</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn99" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[99]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Memorials of the Descendants of William Shattuck...,</i>p
153-154</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn100" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[100]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid, </i>p 238</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn101" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[101]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Records of the First Congregational
Church in Pompey 1798-1902, </i>p. 1</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn102" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[102]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid, </i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>p. 25</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn103" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[103]</span></span></span></span>
“Descendants of William Pixley I (Page 12 of 16), Flora K. Bush online,
accessed 15 Feb 2001, <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/b/u/s/Flora-M-Bush/ODT3-0012.html</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn104" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[104]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Memorials of the Descendants of William
Shattuck...</i>p. 238</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn105" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[105]</span></span></span></span>
Gilman Bigelow Howe, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Genealogy of the
Bigelow Family of America</i> (Worcester; Charles Hamilton, 1890), p.102</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn106" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[106]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid.</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn107" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[107]</span></span></span></span>
Shirley Deryn, compiler, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Journal of Rev.
Hugh Wallis</i> (Corfu; Pembroke Town Historians, 1975) p 7</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn108" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[108]</span></span></span></span>
Minnie L. Kellogg, “Cemetery Inscriptions from Pompey Hill, Onondaga County,
N.Y.” <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">New York Genealogical and
Biographical Register</i> (Jan 1913) 69-87</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn109" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[109]</span></span></span></span>
Pompey Re-Union Publication Committee, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Re-Union
of the Sons and Daughters of the Old Town of Pompey, held at Pompey Hill, June
29, 1871, </i>(Syracuse; Courier Printing Co., 1875)</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn110" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[110]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Josiah Bigelow Letters of Administration,
</i>Letters of Administration Book 1, page 60, Onondaga County Court House,
Surrogate’s Office, Syracuse, N.Y.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn111" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[111]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Journal of Rev. Hugh Wallis</i>, p 9</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn112" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[112]</span></span></span></span>
Onondaga County Deed Records, Volume M [1809], Page 316, Onondaga County
Clerk’s Office, Syracuse, Onondaga County, N.Y.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn113" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[113]</span></span></span></span>
Bigelow Family Vertical File, Onondaga Historical Association, Syracuse,
N.Y.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Accessed by Alethea Connolly 11 Feb
2009.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn114" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[114]</span></span></span></span>
The Bigelow Home Page, Rod Bigelow online
[http://bigelowsociety.com/rod/joa61985.htm], accessed 6 Feb 2003.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn115" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[115]</span></span></span></span>
Newton King, compiler, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Records of the
First Congregational Church in Pompey 1797-1902 </i>(Pompey, Self-Published);
copied November 2001 from the records of Sylvia Shoebridge, Pompey Town
Historian, Pompey, NY.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn116" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[116]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid. p 45</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn117" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[117]</span></span></span></span>
Onondaga County Deed Book 71 [1838], Page 272-274, Onondaga County Clerk’s
Office, Syracuse, Onondaga County, New York.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn118" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[118]</span></span></span></span>
Presbyterian Historical Society, “Records of the Middle Association of
Ministers and Churches on the Military Tract and Its Vicinity,” <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Journal of the Presbyterian Historical
Society</i>, Vol X [Jun 1920]; 218-284</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn119" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[119]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Journal of Rev. Hugh Wallis, </i>p. 11</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn120" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[120]</span></span></span></span>
Hampshire Federalist, Northampton, MA; 15 Apr 1806, Early American Newspapers
Series I. NewsBank.online, <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">http://infoweb.newsbank.com</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn121" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[121]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Spencer Pomeroy Insolvency Papers, </i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Onondaga County Civil Actions, 1803-1848, Box
17; O-P, Onondaga County Courthouse, Clerk’s Office, Syracuse, New York</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn122" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[122]</span></span></span></span>
Civil Actions, Onondaga County Clerk’s Office, Syracuse, NY, 9 Apr 1807</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn123" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[123]</span></span></span></span>
Publication Committee, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Re-Union of the
Sons and Daughters of the Old Town of Pompey, held at Pompey Hill, June 29,
1871, </i>(Pompey; Re-Union Meeting, 1875) 189</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn124" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[124]</span></span></span></span>
Civil Action, Onondaga County Clerk’s Office, Syracuse, N.Y., 5 Jan 1809</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn125" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[125]</span></span></span></span>
Hugh Hastings and Henry Harmon Noble, compilers, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Military Minutes of the Council of Appointment of the State of New
York, 1783-1821,</i> (Albany: State of New York, 1901) 1009 - 1010</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn126" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[126]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid</i>, 1100 - 1102</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn127" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[127]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ibid,</i> 1194</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn128" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[128]</span></span></span></span>
Dwight H. Bruce, editor, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Onondaga’s
Centennial, Gleanings of a Century Vol I, </i>(Boston; The Boston History
Company, Publishers, 1896) 269</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn129" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[129]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Spencer Pomeroy Insolvency Papers, </i>Onondaga
county Civil Actions, 1803-1848, Box 17; O-P, Onondaga County Courthouse,
Clerk’s Office, Syracuse, New York.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn130" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[130]</span></span></span></span>
Divorce Proceedings by Mary Ann Pomeroy, Norwalk, Huron County, Ohio, 9 Aug
1827, Huron County, OH Court Liber 2, p 84, </span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn131" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[131]</span></span></span></span>
Spencer vs. Mary Ann Pomeroy 1834 Huron County, Norwalk, OH, Henry Timman, 17
Jan 2002, Liber 8, page 514, Deeds.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn132" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[132]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">John Slosson General Store Accounts </i>(Manlius,
N.Y.), 1799-1902, Kroch Library Rare & Manuscripts, Cornell University,
Ithaca, N.Y.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn133" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[133]</span></span></span></span>
Jerome Family Ledgers and Papers, 1804-1898, Onondaga Historical Association,
Syracuse, New York, Accession No. 2005.153, Box 1, 10-G-1</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn134" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[134]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Coe Family Bible</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn135" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[135]</span></span></span></span>
F.W. Beers, editor, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">First Part Gazetteer
and Biographical Record of Genesee County, N.Y. 1788-1890, </i>[Syracuse: J.W.
Vose & Co., 1890]; 629</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn136" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[136]</span></span></span></span>
Janet Welthy Foley, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Early Settlers of New
York State, Their Ancestors and Descendants, Vol. I, </i>[Baltimore:
Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc.; reprinted 1993]; 4-5</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn137" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[137]</span></span></span></span>
War of 1812 Service Records, Ancestry. com online [http://search.ancestry.com/]
accessed 28 Sep 2004</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn138" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[138]</span></span></span></span>
Hugh Hastings and Henry Harmon Noble, compilers, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Military Minutes of the Council of Appointment of the State of New
York, 1783-1821, </i>[Albany: State of New York, 1901]; 1417</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn139" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[139]</span></span></span></span>
Le Roy, Genesee County, New York, Church Records, First Presbyterian Church,
Session Minutes 1812-1923, microfilm #2131405, Family History Library, Salt
Lake City, UT</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn140" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[140]</span></span></span></span>
Safford E. North, editor, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Our County and
Its People, A Descriptive and Biographical Record of Genesee County New York, </i>[Boston:
The Boston History Company, 1899]: 152</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn141" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[141]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Military Minutes of the Council of
Appointment of the State of New York, 1783 – 1821; </i>1805</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn142" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[142]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Our County and Its People, A Descriptive
and Biographical Record of Genesee County New York; </i>170</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn143" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[143]</span></span></span></span>
Genesee County Miscellaneous Records, Book I; Page 339, Genesee County Court
House, Batavia, NY</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn144" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[144]</span></span></span></span>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Our County and Its People, A Descriptive
and Biographical Record of Genesee County, New York; </i>148 & 158</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn145" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[145]</span></span></span></span>
John S. Lawrence, compiler, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
Descendants of Moses and Sarah Kilham Porter of Pawlet, Vermont, </i>[Grand
Rapids: F.A. Onderdonk, Printer, 1910]; 2</span></div>
</div>
</div>
Susan Hugheshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06412744821381463346noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3285100268676605169.post-61038496986008742842015-05-29T12:20:00.000-04:002015-06-05T12:03:49.455-04:00Running Barefoot–The Mary Ann Coe Story (Part 1) <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">By Nancy Maliwesky<i> </i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><i>Retired Director, APHGA</i></span><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-wkSO5MEnG24/VWiI4jpMrLI/AAAAAAAAALo/jrJ5fnYc7Wg/s1600/marypomeroy.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" height="400" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-wkSO5MEnG24/VWiI4jpMrLI/AAAAAAAAALo/jrJ5fnYc7Wg/s400/marypomeroy.jpg" title="Mary Ann Pomeroy" width="242" /></a></td></tr>
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<div align="right" class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Mary Ann Pomeroy (1839-1882), Mary Ann Coe’s granddaughter </span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div align="right" class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">and namesake. In 1865, she married Sergeant </span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Merrick Collins Smith in Sandusky, OH.</span></span> </div>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Editor’s note:</i></b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Readers of our blog may recall the November 2011 post about Nancy Maliwesky’s research into the elusive story of Mary Ann Coe Pomeroy. You can read (or reread) it <a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2011/11/was-mary-ann-coe-pomeroy-in-le-roy-ny.html">here</a>. Nancy completed the draft of a publication prior to her retirement, although unanswered questions remained about parts of Mary Ann’s life story. Hoping our readers may be able to help fill in some of these gaps - and knowing you'll find it as fascinating as we do - we’re presenting <u>Running Barefoot</u> as a weekly series. We welcome your comments, suggestions and insight! Please feel free to share this blog with others who may be interested. </i></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> – Susan Hughes, Director, APHGA</i></span><i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span></i><br />
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<i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> A brief overview of Mary Ann’s story: </span></i></div>
<ul>
<li><i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Born in 1790 in Ballstown (now Ballston), NY, Mary Ann moved with her parents to Pompey, NY where she married Spencer Pomeroy in March 1807. </span></i></li>
<li><i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In August 1807, Mary Ann and Spenser’s first child, Francis W., was born. Their second child Edwin was born in October 1809. </span></i></li>
<li><i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Mary Ann had moved to Norwalk, OH by 1823, presumable with her 2 sons. </span></i></li>
<li><i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In May 1827, Mary Ann petitioned the court in Norwalk, OH for a divorce from Spencer. The petition was not approved. </span></i></li>
<li><i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Mary Ann and husband(?) Benjamin Junkins lived in Norwalk until his death in June 1830. Mary Ann was named administrator of Benjamin’s estate. </span></i></li>
<li><i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Spencer Pomeroy died in Pompey, NY in May 1833. Mary Ann married David Powers (brother-in-law of President Millard Fillmore) that same month. </span></i></li>
<li><i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Mary Ann’s divorce from Spencer was filed in the Ohio courts in August 1834. </span></i></li>
<li><i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Mary Ann and David moved to Sandusky, OH where Mary Ann died of cholera in 1854. She was buried in the Cholera Cemetery. </span></i></li>
</ul>
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<b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Introduction</span></span></b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Genealogical research has changed significantly since I created my first family tree twenty odd years ago.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That hobby quickly turned into an obsession and later into a job, working for the American Pomeroy Historic Genealogical Association and Bill Pomeroy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I could never have imagined what this diversion would bring to me, and how my life would change because of it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If there is a genetic predisposition to genealogical interest, then I sincerely thank my ancestors!</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">One of the most fascinating and relatively new genealogical tools that I’ve become involved with is DNA research. I consider myself a novice in this field, and have relied heavily on several gracious experts for help understanding the meanings behind these tests.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A good friend, and DNA expert, Blaine Bettinger, told me once that there are now two types of ancestry – your genealogical ancestry and your genetic ancestry.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Well, this has certainly turned out to be the case in doing research into Bill’s family.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">This is the story of Bill Pomeroy's search to find the break in his genetic lineage.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Having extensively researched his Pomeroy line and being able to trace his lineage back to Eltweed Pomeroy who emigrated from England to the British Colonies in America about 1631, Bill was one of the early participants of the Pomeroy YDNA study.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As the first participant with a documented lineage back to Eltweed, his YDNA profile was identified as the Eltweed strain.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When other documented Eltweed descendants later participated in the study, an unexpected result occurred.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While the other Eltweed descendants matched each other genetically, none matched Bill’s profile.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In fact, other than Bill’s cousins, Bill has had no Pomeroy matches at all.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Where did the break in the DNA originate?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A YDNA test of a descendant of Pliny Pomeroy, Jr. matches with other Eltweed Pomeroy descendants.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was the break with Spencer?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was Spencer adopted? It seems unlikely because he was a twin.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Can we test a descendant of Spencer's twin Charlotte to see if that person matches with Bill by using the new autosomal test available through FamilyTree Finder?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We know of a direct descendant of Charlotte.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Can we find her and pay for the test?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As descendants of Spencer and Charlotte, if she matches Bill would that mean that both Spencer and Charlotte were adopted?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If she does not match Bill, would we need to find another Pliny descendant to take the autosomal test to see if the descendant of Charlotte matches the descendant of Pliny Jr.?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If they match, does that mean that the break in the line happened with Spencer and/or his descendants?</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Why does Mary Ann so fascinate me?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Perhaps because she seemingly followed her own path and did not see fit to live within the accepted morals of the day.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I think we all like to believe that we live that way; I certainly do, to a point.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Are we looking at Mary Ann from the context of the time period in which she lived, or are we assigning present day standards and morals to her life choices?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It’s difficult to do otherwise, as we have so very little insight into what Mary Ann thought of her own life.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The evidence of Mary Ann's life and life decisions are almost all second hand, not her opinion of herself.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These come from legal documents, mentions of her in letters and journals, newspapers, etc.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We have only found two letters written by Mary Ann, in her own handwriting.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The first, dated 14 Aug 1849, was written to her sister-in-law, Abigail Powers Fillmore, in Buffalo, New York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Abigail was the wife of Millard Fillmore, then Vice President of the United States of America:</span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">"Dear Sister </span><br /><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">We received your letter this morning Saying you Should look for us on Tuesday, but your Brother was Brought so low that he thinks he is not sufficiently Strong to undertake the journey yet, Doct Morton thinks he would hardly bear the journey without a relapse although he is gaining as fast as can reasonably be expected, he has a good appetite lives mostly on kin [?] & milck Tea & soda crackers all light food he rides in an easy carriage every day, but he has got to be extremely careful for Some time & nursed with tenderness or he will Sink under it, but rest assured he has all that, he thinks We Shall certainly visit you before the five of Oct his business in the Post Office is somewhat deranged in consequence of his Clerks being sick but they have returned & we hope they will discharge the duty of the Office until he is able to assiste them – my hired Girl left me the day after Mr. Powers was taken Sick & one of my Neighbours has kindly let me have one of her Daughters for a Short time I wish we could get a good Dutch girl that would stay as long as we wanted to hire * Mr. Powers has three Clerks in the Office & it makes us quite a family – Mr. Powers is in the bed and Sarah is reading to him do you not think of visiting us this fall we Should be truly glad to See you. I am happy to Say the Cholera nearly left our City I have heard of only one case today, we are sorry to learn that Mary is no better our love to all we remain </span><br /><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><br /><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> Yours sincerely</span><br /><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> Mary Ann Powers</span><br /><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><br /><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> Note please write soon</span><br /><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> [in left gutter:] *can one be procured in Buffalo” </span></i></blockquote>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The second letter, undated, was also written to her sister-in-law, Abigail Powers Fillmore:</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“Dear Friends</span></i><br />
<i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Sister Mary received your kind Letter & was glad to hear from you (as we all were.) She was much grieved at Orphas affliction for the loss of her Dear Husband She Says I must Say to you that She is no worse now Than before She left Buffalo, She was verry tired & it took a week before She got rested but now is about as usual, She Suffers much with pain & is verry patient – She wishes you would send the Castors to her Bedstead, & her window Curtain – She wants you to write again before you leave Buffalo – She is quite at home & Contented but Wants to hear from Orpha again – Margaret is verry kind and attentive to all her wants she wishes to say to her friends that she is well & contented She likes Sandusky well Mary She was glad that Abigail wrote & sends her best love to you all we hope we shall hear from you after when you get to your new home – Sarah wishes me to write a few lines for her –</span></i><br />
<i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Dear Abbie I was very glad to hear from you I often think of the pleasant hours I Spent at Your house * the kindnesses I received from your Mother & you, I Shall Long Cherish your Love and kindness to me I She wishes I She could hear you play & Powers Sing"</span></i><br />
<i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> Fare Well Dear Friends</span></i><br />
<i><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> Sarah Powers | M A Powers”</span></i></blockquote>
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A few clues in the letter help us to fix an approximate date.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>First, Orpha, daughter of Cyrus Powers, the brother of David Powers and Abigail Powers Fillmore, lost her husband, Cephas Leland on 8 Sep 1850 in Milwaukee, WI.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Secondly, sister Mary Powers died at David and Mary Ann’s home on 24 Feb 1851.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">How did Mary Ann make the decision to leave her husband Spencer?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Who were her friends, who did she consult with?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>How did she earn a living?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In one of David Powers’ letters to his sister Abigail, he mentions that Mary Ann is sewing.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mary Ann’s son, Francis W. Pomeroy, would in later life own a sewing machine store and repair shop.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><br />
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<br />
<h1 style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; tab-stops: list 0in; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Childhood –
parents and siblings of Mary Ann </span></span></h1>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Ithamar Coe was a God-fearing
man.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Born in Durham, Connecticut on 10
Sep 1755, the first child of Aaron Coe and his wife Phebe Parsons, he was likely
named after his mother's father, Ithamar Parsons.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ithamar was baptized four days after his
birth at the Congregational Church in Durham<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[i]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Aaron and Phebe would later have two other
children, a daughter who was perhaps stillborn (born and died 24 Apr 1762) and
a son they named Aaron Coe, Jr, born 17 Aug 1766<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ii]</span></span></span></span>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Aaron Sr., born in Middletown, Middlesex
County, Connecticut 16 Feb 1730/31<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[iii]</span></span></span></span>
probably joined his uncles Robert and Joseph Coe, who were listed as two of the
original 34 patentees of the town, and who were living in Durham by 1708.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Listed among the early settlers of
Granville, Massachusetts, who emigrated from Durham, Connecticut are (according
to an article in the New England Magazine, March 1899, entitled <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Old Granville, (Massachusetts) and the
New</i>, by Francis Wayland Shepardson) “Timothy, Noah, Daniel and Phineas
Robinson, Ebenezer and Daniel Curtiss, Samuel Coe, David, Daniel and Levi
Parsons.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Aaron Coe was listed as one of
the original settlers of Granville, (which lay 51 miles North-Northwest of
Durham, Connecticut), according to the book <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Our
County and Its People, A History of Hampden County, Massachusetts, Vol III, </i>and
is found in the Deed books of Hampshire County, buying and selling land as
early as 1761, although the daughter born to Aaron and his wife Phebe is
identified as born in 1762 in Durham, CT, as is Aaron, born in 1766.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The book <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Robert
Coe, Puritan</i> states that Aaron moved his family to Granville in the spring
of 1774.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Aaron’s wife Phebe died in
1774 in Granville<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></a>,
so it would appear that either Phebe gave birth to her children in possibly the
home of her parents, or the family was living in Durham at the time, and moved
to Granville between 1766 and 1774.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>From
research done regarding son Ithamar Coe’s livelihood it appears that he was an
orchardist<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[v]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We wonder whether his father was also an
orchardist.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This may explain why he
bought property several years before he moved onto it, as he was waiting for
the apple trees to mature and bear fruit.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>It would appear that all of Aaron’s siblings who reached maturity moved
to Granville, MA, with the exception of the oldest child, Ephraim, who stayed
in Durham, CT<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[vi]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Aaron married a second time to Mary
Seward, daughter of Ebenezer Seward and his wife Mary Henderson.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mary Seward was born 14 Mar 1750 in Granville
and was twenty-five years old when she married Aaron on 4 Jan 1776.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The couple had at least five children,
Calvin, Luther, Alvin, Chester and Seymour<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref7" style="mso-endnote-id: edn7;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[vii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">It is likely that Aaron and Mary had daughters but
we have no record of them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The book <i>Vital
Records of Granville Massachusetts to the Year 1850</i> (Boston; 1914) lists
only two of Aaron’s sons: Chester and Seymour.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Chester is identified as the son of Capt. Coe, and Seymour the son of
Deacon Aaron Coe.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As the Deacon of the
Church it would seem likely that Aaron’s children were all baptized.<b><i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></i></b>According to the 1790 US Federal
Census there were three free white females living in Deacon Aaron Coe's
household<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref8" style="mso-endnote-id: edn8;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[viii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One was probably his wife Mary.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Who were the other two females?</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Ithamar grew up in a time of
enormous change when a group of disparate colonies united for the purpose of
forming a nation independent of the reign of monarchy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ithamar's father was a soldier of the
Revolution, having served as captain in the fifth company of John Moseley's
third regiment of Hampshire militia. Ithamar also joined the cause of the
revolution, and served in Captain William Cooley's company of John Moseley's
regiment of Hampshire County militia in 1776 and 1777<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref9" style="mso-endnote-id: edn9;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ix]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Joseph Coe (Aaron’s first cousin, once
removed) also served in this regiment from July 9<sup>th</sup> through July 30<sup>th</sup>,
1777<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref10" style="mso-endnote-id: edn10;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[x]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ithamar later served in the Wright’s Company
of the Fourth Regiment of the Continental Army from April 1779 to 1780, under
Colonel William Shepard<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref11" style="mso-endnote-id: edn11;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xi]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It would appear that father and son fought in
the same regiment.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Some sources identify
Captain Aaron Coe Jr. as the soldier who fought in the same regiment as his
brother but <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">it seems unlikely that
Aaron Jr, at such a young age (10) would have been a soldier, I believe it is
more likely that the Aaron Coe who was a Captain of John Moseley's Company was
the father, not the son.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Ithamar was stationed in “Camp
Orange” in Tappan, Orange County, New York, where he wrote a letter to his
father on 11 Aug 1780<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref12" style="mso-endnote-id: edn12;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to the book “Robert Coe, Puritan”
by J, Gardner Bartlett, Ithamar removed to Ballstown, NY in 1783.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was here that he met his future wife,
Sarah Ball, the eldest child of Major Lebbeus Ball and Thankful Stow, and niece
of Sarah Ball, who married Joseph Coe, son of Josiah, Aaron Coe’s cousin.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Lebbeus Ball, also of Granville, MA, had a
long career as a soldier of the revolution.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>His service included battles of Valley Forge and the Brury Guard in New
York City.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1782 he served in Colonel
Moseley's regiment where he may have served with both Aaron and Ithamar Coe<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref13" style="mso-endnote-id: edn13;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xiii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is likely that Ithamar met Sarah in
Granville.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 28 Jul 1783 Ithamar purchased
one acre of land in Granville, from John Doney for £4<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref14" style="mso-endnote-id: edn14;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xiv]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This property bounded on Recompense Miller's
land, a mill pond and a 'highway'.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Why
would he have bought property only to move soon afterwards?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1784 he deeded land to Titus Hubbard, was
this the one acre he had purchased in July 1783?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">According to the book <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Centennial History of the Village of
Ballston Spa, </i>“The “District of Ballstown” first embraced the present towns
of Ballston, Milton, Charlton, Galway, Providence, Edinburgh, and part of Greenfield.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was christened after the Rev. Eliphalet
Ball, who, with a colony of his old parishioners from Bedford, in Westchester
County, settled near the outlet of Long Lake in the year 1770.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was first called Ball-Town then
Balls-Town, and finally Ballston.... The close of the [Revolutionary] war was
the signal for a large immigration into the county from New England.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The long contest had impoverished the land,
and families who had, in the good old colonial times enjoyed a competence and
comparative wealth, now found themselves reduced to poverty as the price of
their political independence.”</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Ithamar and wife Sarah lived in
Ballstown by 1783 according to Bartlett's <i>Robert Coe, Puritan</i>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1787 both Ithamar and Lebbeus Ball,
Ithamar's father-in-law appeared on the tax list for Ballstown, indicating that
both were landowners<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref15" style="mso-endnote-id: edn15;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xv]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is likely that Lebbeus was living in
Ballstown prior to this date.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Rev.
Eliphalet Ball was a third cousin of Major Lebbeus Ball.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Ithamar and Sarah’s first child, a daughter
named Sally Phoebe Coe, was born 10 May 1784<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref16" style="mso-endnote-id: edn16;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xvi]</span></span></span></span></a>.<b><i>
</i></b>She was baptized 2 Oct 1796 with her siblings at the Paris Religious
Society, in Clinton, NY<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref17" style="mso-endnote-id: edn17;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xvii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In 1786 Ithamar Coe was listed as
an ensign in the 9<sup>th</sup> Company of Light Infantry under Captain Jonathan
Ball<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref18" style="mso-endnote-id: edn18;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xviii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Jonathan Ball was the younger brother of
Ithamar's wife Sarah.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 24 Sep 1786
Sarah gave birth to their second child, Martin Oliver Coe, born in Ballstown<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref19" style="mso-endnote-id: edn19;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xix]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was baptized with his siblings on 2 Oct
1796 at the Paris Religious Society.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The remaining children of Ithamar
and Sarah are also believed born in Paris.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Leicester Coe was born 13 Sep 1788<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref20" style="mso-endnote-id: edn20;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xx]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Mary Ann Coe was the fourth child
and second daughter of Ithamar and Sarah Coe.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>She was born 8 Jun 1790 in Ballstown<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref21" style="mso-endnote-id: edn21;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxi]</span></span></span></span></a> and
was baptized with older siblings Phoebe and Martin and younger sister Persis
Matilda at the Paris Religious Society on 2 Oct 1796<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref22" style="mso-endnote-id: edn22;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Based on this record it would appear that
Leicester Coe was not living at this time, as it would seem odd that the Coes
would baptize some but not all of their children.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The first census of the newly
formed United States which was conducted in 1790, places Ithamar Coe as head of
household in Ballstown.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In that
household are enumerated two free white males of 16 and upwards and two free
white females<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref23" style="mso-endnote-id: edn23;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Life in Paris, NY</span></b></span>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">According to the book <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History of the Town of Paris and the Valley
of Sauquoit</i> Simeon Coe was the first settler of what later became Paris,
Oneida County, NY.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Simeon was the second
cousin of Ithamar Coe, being the son of Ensign Seymour Coe and his wife Anna
Morris<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref24" style="mso-endnote-id: edn24;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ensign Seymour Coe was the son of John Coe
and Hannah Parsons.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>John Coe was the
brother of Ephraim Coe, father of Capt. Aaron Coe, Ithamar's father. Seymour
Coe was born in Durham, CT, as was Ithamar.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Ithamar, wife Sarah and their young
family had moved to Paris, N.Y. By 25 Jul 1792 when Ithamar was chosen a
returning trustee of the Paris Religious Society and witnessed the Covenant in
the Court of Common Pleas<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref25" style="mso-endnote-id: edn25;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxv]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The other trustees named were: Aaron Simons;
Benjamin Barnes, David Ostrom; Elias Hopkins; Timothy Tuttle; Burden Wilbur,
Joseph Butler and Stephen Barret.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Ithamar was listed as an assessor to the town on 2 Apr 1793<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref26" style="mso-endnote-id: edn26;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxvi]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 7 Jul 1795 Ithamar pledged £3.40 as a
subscriber of the Paris Religious Society to cover the cost of hiring Rev.
Eliphet Steel to preach to the society.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Ithamar and Sarah were admitted to the First Church at Paris Religious
Society on 15 Nov 1795<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref27" style="mso-endnote-id: edn27;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">At the first town meeting held at
the home of Captain Moses Foot on 2 Apr 1793 in Clinton, the following officers
were chosen: </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Supervisor:
David Ostrom</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Town
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Assessors: Joshua Holbert, Joe
Bristol, Daniel Chapman, Benjamin Barnes, Ithamar Coe, Joseph Farwell, and
William Babbitt</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Commissioners of Roads: Amos
Kellogg and Simeon Coe<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref28" style="mso-endnote-id: edn28;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 14 Feb 1794 Ithamar Coe was on a
committee with Asa Hamlin, James Cowing, Jr., Simeon Hubbard and Solomon
Kellogg that petitioned for legislative action regarding the uncertainty of ten
year land leases in Brothertown.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>According to this petition, the area around Paris was fast becoming
settled by whites, with a reported one hundred and fifty families living on two
hundred farms<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref29" style="mso-endnote-id: edn29;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxix]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ithamar had settled on lands bounding those
of Erastus Clark, in Brothertown<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref30" style="mso-endnote-id: edn30;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxx]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Although the petition of February
pleaded that the community was unable to build a church or school due to the
uncertainty of their titles, the community, came together to build a church
only five months later.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 14 Jul 1794
Ithamar pledged £6 towards this goal and pledged an additional £2 towards a
steeple as a subscriber to the Paris Religious Society.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ithamar, as a member of the Paris Religious
Society also pledged £3.40 on 7 July 1794, towards the support of a minister,
the Reverend Eliphalet Steele<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref31" style="mso-endnote-id: edn31;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxi]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Meanwhile, Ithamar had purchased
600 acres of land in Pompey, New York from Jeremiah Gould for £360 on 4 May
1795.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ithamar sold 387.5 acres of this
property to Jonas Platt and Erastus Clark for £387, making a hand profit for
one day's work<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref32" style="mso-endnote-id: edn32;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Erastus Clark was probably Ithamar's neighbor
from Paris.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Jonas Platt was also
identified in the deed as being from Herkimer County. On 15 Nov 1795, Ithamar
and wife Salla [sic] were admitted as members of the First Church of Paris
Religious Society<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref33" style="mso-endnote-id: edn33;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<b><i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></i></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Ithamar remained active in local
politics in Paris, even though he had purchased land in Pompey.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 4 Nov 1796 he chaired a meeting to select
a committee to promote James Cochran, Esq., as a candidate for Congress.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The committee selected in this meeting held
at the house of Joseph Hart consisted of Timothy Tuttle, James Brunson, Joseph
Hart, Thomas Dikin, Abraham Gridley, Stephen Barrett, Caleb Samson, Josiah A.
Whitney, Jesse Curtis, Obed Marsh, Salmon Butler, Timothy Olmsted, and Amaziah
Royce.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Erastus Clark was identified as
the Clerk at this meeting<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref34" style="mso-endnote-id: edn34;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also, on 21 Mar 1797 Ithamar was selected a
Justice of the Peace for Herkimer County.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Jonas Platt was identified as the Clerk of the court on this record<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref35" style="mso-endnote-id: edn35;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxv]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Based on collected records that
identify Ithamar Coe as holding office in both Paris and Pompey, it would seem
that he was splitting his time between both communities by 1797.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While Ithamar was elected Deacon of the Paris
Religious Society on 3 Jul 1798<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref36" style="mso-endnote-id: edn36;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxvi]</span></span></span></span></a> and
re-elected Justice of the Peace on 1 Apr 1799 in Oneida County<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref37" style="mso-endnote-id: edn37;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>
(formed from Herkimer County) and was identified as living in Paris, Oneida
Co., NY according to the 1800 US Federal Census<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref38" style="mso-endnote-id: edn38;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxviii]</span></span></span></span></a>
and on 6 Feb 1801 petitioned the State Legislature to grant a permanent fund
for the Hamilton Oneida Academy<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref39" style="mso-endnote-id: edn39;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xxxix]</span></span></span></span></a>, he
was also appointed a commissioner of highways in Pompey on 4 Apr 1797<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref40" style="mso-endnote-id: edn40;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xl]</span></span></span></span></a>, listed
as surveyor of a road on lot 38 in Pompey on 27 Sep 1797<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref41" style="mso-endnote-id: edn41;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xli]</span></span></span></span></a>, was
listed on the tax assessment rolls of Pompey on 1 Aug 1799 and identified as a
non-resident of Pompey on the tax roll of June 1800, owning 130 acres valued at
$300<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref42" style="mso-endnote-id: edn42;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xlii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ithamar was also paid $12.50 in 1799 for work
done as commissioner of the roads in Pompey<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref43" style="mso-endnote-id: edn43;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xliii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 6 Feb 1801, the same day his name is found
on a petition for the Hamilton Oneida Academy, he sold another 100 acres of his
property on lot 37 in Pompey to his brother-in-law Jonathan Ball for $187.50<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref44" style="mso-endnote-id: edn44;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xliv]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Pompey Road book on 23 Apr 1801
identified the southeast corner of Ithamar's property as being near the
Chenango Road<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref45" style="mso-endnote-id: edn45;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xlv]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1801 Ithamar, wife Sarah joined the
Clinton Society church by letter, presumably from the Paris Religious Society<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref46" style="mso-endnote-id: edn46;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xlvi]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">According to the New York State
Business Directory and Gazetteer, published in 1870, Pompey was “said to be the
exact center point of the State.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And
indeed, Pompey was the center of the universe for many who settled there.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The town of Pompey was formed in
1795, a part of New York State's Military Tract.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Formerly this land was occupied by the
Onondaga Indians.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Onondaga tribe was
a part of the Iroquois Confederacy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When
the Americans won the Revolution, they needed funds to pay their troops.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Having little to no currency, the new
government appropriated land to use in lieu of cash payment for service.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>New York State “set aside” the Military
tract, for this purpose.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The land was
surveyed and divided up into parcels of approximately 600 acres a parcel.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This land was given to soldiers who served
from that state.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The majority of land
was never settled by New York soldiers, but instead sold to large land
speculators who later resold the land at an often considerable profit.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">According to the article “Humbug
and Hardships Mark the History of Oran”, written by Gordon De’Angelo and
published in the Cazenovia Republican 30 June 30 1960, “After the Revolutionary
War the area was divided into Military Townships.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Each Town was divided into 100 lots of 600
acres each.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Pompey was Township No.
10.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Previous to this time Pompey was
part of the Town of Mexico, Herkimer County.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>In 1794 the Civil Town of Pompey included Fabius, Tully, Preble, Scott
and parts of the Towns of Spafford, Otisco, Lafayette, Onondaga, Truxton and
Cuyler. In 1803 construction of the Third Great Western (Cherry Valley)
Turnpike started.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This road ran from
Cherry Valley in Otsego County through Cazenovia and Oran to Manlius where it
intersected with the Seneca Valley Turnpike (Great Genesee Road).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1807 the Third Great Western was
completed.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“In 1805-1806 Rev. Hugh Wallace
organized the Pleasant Valley Society with Punderson Avery, Jedediah Cleveland
and Joseph Bartholomew as Trustees.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In
1807 on the site of the present Oran Cemetery the Society built a Meeting
House.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This was the first frame church
in the Town of Pompey and the third church in Onondaga county.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The land adjoining the church yard was purchased
as a “burying ground” for $40.00...”</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 4 May 1795 Ithamar Coe purchased
lot 37 in Pompey, containing 600 acres of land from Jeremiah Gould for £360<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref47" style="mso-endnote-id: edn47;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xlvii]</span></span></span></span></a>. Ithamar's
father-in-law, Major Lebbeus Ball, was living in Pompey, NY by 28 Nov 1797 when
he purchased 154 acres of land on the southwest corner of lot 29 from Joseph
Annin<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref48" style="mso-endnote-id: edn48;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xlviii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Although Ithamar purchased property
in Pompey in 1795, it does not appear that he lived there until several years
later.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Paris records indicate that he
was living there and quite involved in the community.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is interesting to speculate just why
Ithamar bought this property.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Did he
initially purchase the property as a small land speculator himself, with the
sole intent of selling the land for profit?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Did the property situation in Paris convince him to settle on the Pompey
property?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We have not found a deed for
the purchase of property in Paris, yet Ithamar was taxed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Did he lease the property from the
Brothertown Indians?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If so, where is
this lease?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">According to Ballot book records
held at the Onondaga County Clerk’s Office in Syracuse, New York, Isaac Bogart
drew lot number 37.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 10 Dec 1800, lot
37 was awarded to Jeremiah Platt and Edward Clark.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The total number of acres was listed at 600,
with the following note: “To three hundred and one half of said lot, and the
residue to Ithamer Coe.”</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 28 Apr 1802 Ithamar was listed
as an inspector of elections in Pompey, New York, along with William Cook, Levi
Jerome and Cyrus Danforth.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Levi Jerome
was also identified as the Town Clerk.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Morgan Lewis received 199 votes for Governor, while Aaron Burr received
162 votes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>John Brown received 201 votes
for Lieutenant Governor, surpassing Oliver Phelps at 161 votes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the race for Senator Jedediah Peck
received 165 votes, Henry Huntington 160 votes, Jedediah Sanger 159 votes, and
Moses Kent came in fourth with 158 votes<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref49" style="mso-endnote-id: edn49;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[xlix]</span></span></span></span></a>. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The tax records for Pompey in 1802
show Ithamar being taxed on real property valued at $449 and personal property
valued at $314.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His total tax due was
$1.83.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Tax assessors were Ozias Burr,
John Bowers and Samuel Hyatt<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref50" style="mso-endnote-id: edn50;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[l]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Ithamar's commitment to his
religion continued to grow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was a
member of the Susquehannah Association and represented the Association as a
delegate at Reverend Seth Williston's installation as minister of the
Congregational Church of Lisle, in Broome County, New York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Susquehannah Association was formed that
same day by Reverends Seth Sage, moderator; Joel Chapin, Hugh Wallis, James W.
Woodward, Nathan B. Darrow, scribe of the Council; and Seth Williston.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Delegates, including Ithamar Coe, were
Deacons John Tyler of the church at Nine-Partners (now Hartford, Susquehannah
Co., PA); Job Bunnell of the East Church in Chenango, New York; Israel Smith of
Jerico, New York; Sylvanus Seeley of Walton, New York; Samuel Blair, of
Willingborough (now Great Bend, Susquehannah Co., PA); and Eliphalet Rice of
Homer, New York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ithamar represented the
Congregational Church of Pompey, to which Reverend Hugh Wallis was minister<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref51" style="mso-endnote-id: edn51;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[li]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">When Ithamar's near neighbor Josiah
Richardson Bigelow died in December 1802, Ithamar was named one of the
administrators of his estate.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Josiah's
widow Sarah and Abel put up $600 bond to become executors of the estate<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref52" style="mso-endnote-id: edn52;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When Josiah’s wife Sarah died on 5 Sep 1806<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref53" style="mso-endnote-id: edn53;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[liii]</span></span></span></span></a>, her
son Elisha was bound to Deacon Levi Jerome<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref54" style="mso-endnote-id: edn54;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[liv]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He worked and lived with the Jerome family as
an apprentice until he reached maturity at twenty-one.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>At eighteen he served in the War of 1812,
stationed in Sacketts Harbor, NY in 1814.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>He married as a second wife, Harriet Jerome, a daughter of Deacon Levi
Jerome.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Elisha died 24 Feb 1883 in
Batavia, NY where he and Harriet had settled after 1833<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref55" style="mso-endnote-id: edn55;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lv]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 1 Mar 1803 elections were held
in Pompey, NY.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Levi Jerome as town clerk
recorded the election where Ozias Burr was elected Supervisor, Jeremiah Gould,
Ithamar Coe and Josiah Holbrook elected assessors, Joseph Smith, Esq., George
Caitlin and Ozias Burr, Esq. elected commissioners, Ichabod Lothrop, David
Williams, and William Cook elected overseers of the poor, Chancy Jerome and
Obadaiah Johnson elected constables and William Cook elected collector.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ithamar was also elected appointed overseer
of the roads <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">with
his brother-in-law Jonathan Ball</span><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref56" style="mso-endnote-id: edn56;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lvi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">.</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 1 April 1803 he and wife Sally were
admitted to the First Congregational Church of Pompey, having been received
from the Church of Clinton Settlement<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref57" style="mso-endnote-id: edn57;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lvii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was identified as a Deacon in the church
records of 8 May 1805<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref58" style="mso-endnote-id: edn58;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lviii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Ithamar's name appeared on the
Pompey tax list of 1803, with property on lot 37 valued at $345 and personal
property valued at $421.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Taxes due on
property were $2.15<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref59" style="mso-endnote-id: edn59;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lix]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Ithamar’s involvement in local
politics continued in 1804 with his election as pathmaster and election
inspector (with William Cook, Levi Jerome and Cyrus Danforth).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was paid $19.50 by the town for his work
as an assessor in 1804.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Other residents
who received money for services to the town were Lemuel Brunch, assessor;
Jacobus Depew, commissioner of roads, Epapht Emmons, surveyor; Cyrus Danforth,
assessor; Asa Wells, surveyor; Joseph Atwell, commissioner; Isaac Hall,
commissioner; Russel Clark, clerk of county elections; James Beebe, clerk of
county elections; Doruslus Blanchard, surveyor; Levi Jerome, Town Clerk;
William Stephens, assessor; Jesse Butler, paid for damages to his property done
by the highway; John Bowen and John Osborn, trustees for building a pound; Ezra
Hart, Thomas Olcott and John Bowers, commissioners to “prise damages for Jesse
Butler”; Abel Bigelow (son of the late Josiah Richardson Bigelow), chain
bearer; Gary Callin as commissioner of roads; Ozius Burr, selling Poormasters
and other business; George King, given bounty for killing a wolf; David Wright,
given a bounty for killing two wolves; Alvin Bacon, surveyor of roads, Ozius
Burr as commissioner; Joseph Smith, surveying lands; Chauncey Jerome (brother
of Levi) and William Cook, constables<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref60" style="mso-endnote-id: edn60;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lx]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 11 Oct 1804 Ithamar purchased
100 acres on lot 26 in Pompey from Samuel and Nabby Beebee of New York City for
$1,000<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref61" style="mso-endnote-id: edn61;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxi]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He mortgaged part of that property to Samuel
and Nabby Beebee for $346 on 15 Aug 1805.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Apparently the value of land in Pompey was increasing!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 6 May 1805 Ithamar and wife Sally sold 50
acres of their remaining property on lot 37 in Pompey to Isaac Higbee for $400<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref62" style="mso-endnote-id: edn62;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is likely that the land purchased on lot
26 and the land sold on lot 37 had been improved upon, thus increasing the
value of the property.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">When Jonathan Ball, Yeoman,
Ithamar's brother-in-law, who lived in Sullivan, Oneida County, NY on 5 July
1805 sold 103 acres of property on lot 7 in Pompey, NY to George Slocum of Pompey,
Ithamar swore on oath to the identity of Jonathan's wife Lydia<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref63" style="mso-endnote-id: edn63;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxiii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Jonathan and Lydia also sold their property
on lot 37 in 1802 to Timothy Phelps for $1200.00<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref64" style="mso-endnote-id: edn64;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxiv]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">An interesting mortgage is filed in
the Onondaga County, New York, Clerk’s Office.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>It is dated 28 Feb 1806 and is between Ithamar Coe of Pompey, NY and
David Curtiss, of Granville, MA.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the
document, Ithamar Coe mortgages 50 acres of Lot 37, valued at $800 under the
condition that David Curtiss gives to Mary Coe the sum of $80 annually on the 1<sup>st</sup>
of March, for as long as she lives.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Ithamar’s half-brothers, Chester and Alvin Coe, are witnesses to the
mortgage.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We speculate that Mary Coe was
Ithamar’s stepmother (mother of Chester and Alvin), and that David Curtiss is
in some way related to the Coe family (either directly or through
marriage).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mary (Seward) Coe died 3 Jun
1808, and the mortgage was cancelled 21 Jul 1809 “by the oath of Chester
Coe”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This mortgage finally places Alvin
Coe (at least on 28 Feb 1806), in Pompey, NY.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In 1805 Deacon Ithamar Coe was
chosen to represent the First Congregational Church of Pompey at a conference
of the Middle Association<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref65" style="mso-endnote-id: edn65;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxv]</span></span></span></span></a>. On 25
Jun 1806 Ithamar Coe was appointed to assist the pastor of the Pompey
Congregational Church in the catechizing of children along with Deacons Levi
Jerome and Daniel C. Judd<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref66" style="mso-endnote-id: edn66;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxvi]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So, not only was Ithamar an elder in the
church but he was also a Sunday school teacher.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>One can imagine that Ithamar's religious views were also made evident to
his children at home.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ithamar also
represented the Church in Pompey on 19 May 1807 and in June of that year was
chosen a member of a committee to settle a dispute between the Pompey Church
and the Fabius Church with respect to the infringement on the Pompey Church by
the Fabius Church.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The committee was
composed of Reverend Hugh Wallis and Deacons Ithamar Coe, Levi Jerome and Ezra
Hart.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ithamar's association with the
Congressional Church and hierarchy put him in contact with many influential
members of the Church, including Reverend Seth Williston, a distant cousin of
Ithamar's and his soon to be son-in-law Spencer Pomeroy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Reverend Williston was born 4 Apr 1770 in
Suffield, CT to parents Consider and Rhoda (King) Williston<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref67" style="mso-endnote-id: edn67;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxvii]</span></span></span></span></a>. In
an interesting co-incidence, Ithamar, Reverend Hugh Wallis and Reverend Francis
Pomeroy and others attended the ordination of Reverend Levi Parsons in
Marcellus, NY.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Reverend Francis Pomeroy
was the cousin of Spencer Pomeroy who had earlier that year married Ithamar's
daughter Mary Ann.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Reverend Levi Parsons
was a distant cousin of both Spencer Pomeroy and Ithamar Coe.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was indeed, a very small world.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ithamar, by all indications a very devout
Christian, no doubt had to wrestle with the divide of the Congregational Church
brought about by a growing shift in ideology between the “new light” and the
“old light”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Reverend Hugh Wallis who
founded the First Religious Congregational Society in Pompey in 1800<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref68" style="mso-endnote-id: edn68;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxviii]</span></span></span></span></a> and
the Middle Association in January 1804, became increasingly unpopular amongst
his flock, and was refused pay, eventually leaving his position in the Church
on 26 Dec 1808<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref69" style="mso-endnote-id: edn69;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxix]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While Ithamar appeared to be a proponent of
Reverend Hugh Wallis, he did not leave the Church when the Reverend stepped
down.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 8 Mar 1811, the New York State
Legislature passed an act to “incorporate the Jamesville Iron and Woolen
Factory”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Nicholas Mickles, John Adams,
Jasper Hooper, Thaddeus Patchin, William Hibbard, Gordon Needham, Jacobus De
Puy, Jacob R. De Witt, William Olmsted, Benjamin Sanford, Elijah Owen, Thomas
Littlefield, Matthew Cadwell, Juniar Curtis, Ithamar Coe and Charles B. Bristol
were named the incorporators, having presented their petition to the Legislature
and “representing that they have obtained a suitable situation on Butternut
Creek, in the town of Manlius, in the county of Onondaga, and are desirous of
forming a company for the manufacture of bar-iron and woolen”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Stock in the company was not to exceed
$200,000, and a share of the stock was to be valued at $200.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref70" style="mso-endnote-id: edn70;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxx]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Another act, “to establish a
turnpike corporation for opening and improving a certain road therein
described, within the counties of Onondaga and Courtland” of which the
incorporators where Benjamin Boot, Hezekiah Ketchum, Benjamin Sanford, Jacob R.
De Witt, Jacobus Depuy, Ithamar Coe, Henry Tiffany, Daniel Wood, Samuel S.
Baldwin, Jonathan Stanley, Jr., and John Stockham with others, was passed 9 Apr
1811.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The company proposed to make a “good
and sufficient turnpike road, to commence at or near the head boatable waters
of Butternut creek in Manlius, county of Onondaga, thence to run southerly
passing Sinai village, Pompey hill, Kinne’s settlement in Fabius, and to
continue sutherly [sic] till it intersects the fourth great western turnpike at
or near the northeast corner of lot number eighty-seven, in the town of
Truxton”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The incorporators were named
“the President and Directors of the Manlius and Truxton turnpike”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>3,000 shares of stock were issued, valued at
$20 a share.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Benjamin Booth, Jacobus
Depuy and Jonathan Stanley, Jr., were appointed commissioners and as such were
allowed to sell and collect money for the stock.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The company was also authorized to collect
tolls on the roads<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref71" style="mso-endnote-id: edn71;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxi]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 1 Jun 1812, an act of
legislation was passed in New York, allowing for a loan to the Jamesville Iron
and Woolen Factory.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“Whereas the
president and directors of the Jamesville iron and woolen [sic] factory, in the
county of Onondaga, have presented their petition to the legislature, at the
present session, setting forth in the said petition that they, the said
president and directors have expended large sums of money in the establishment
of their factory, and praying for a loan of money from the state to enable them
to further prosecute the objects thereof: <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">And
whereas, </i>The legislature are disposed to aid the said company in their
under taking:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Therefore,</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">BE it enacted by the people of the state of New York, represented in
Senate and Assembly,</i> That it shall be the duty of the comptroller to loan
to the president and directors of the Jamesville iron and wollen factory, in
the county of Onondaga, a sum not exceeding five thousand dollars, out of any money
now being or hereafter to come into the treasury, belonging to the common
school fund: <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Provided, </i>That the said
president and directors shall, at the time of receiving the sum so to be loaned
to them, give to the comptroller such security for the repayment of the same,
within five years from the date of the said securities, with interest annually
at the rate of seven per cent, per annum, as by the act entitled “an act to
raise a fund for the encouragement of common schools,” passed the second day of
April 1805, is required to be given to the comptroller for the repayment of
loans made by him of money belonging to the said common school fund.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref72" style="mso-endnote-id: edn72;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxii]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The names of the president and directors are
not listed in the publication cited.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">An interesting report in the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Journal of the Assembly of the State of New
York</i>, 1818, gives further information about the status of the loan granted
the Jamesville Iron and Woolen Factory, as follows:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“THE Comptroller, in obedience to the resolution of the honorable the Assembly, requiring him to inform the house “whether any of the monies belonging to the School Fund have been loaned on security which has proved to be, or which he has reason to believe, inadequate, and if so, to whom, and at what time, and to what amount, and on what security, and what will be the probable loss of the monies belonging to that fund” respectfully reports: </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> That the following loans of money belonging to the School Fund have been made on security that has proved, or which the Comptroller has reason to believe, inadequate, viz: </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Loan to... The Jamesville Iron and Woollen Manufacturing Company, June 11, 1812, $4500.00...” amongst others. </span></blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The report goes on to state: </span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“The loan to the Jamesville iron and woollen manufacturing company, was secured by their mortgage on real estate
valued by two reputable freeholders, to be worth, exclusive of buildings,
$9000, but the security is now understood to be insufficient.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A Mr. Mickles, who is in possession of the
mortgaged premises, and who has paid a considerable sum for interest on the
loan, has lately communicated, that he wishes to purchase and retain the
property, at a fair valuation, but that it is not worth the amount due to the
state.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He does not give any opinion as
to the present value, nor does he state the price he is willing to pay for the
property.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The attorney General has
prosecuted to the foreclosure of the mortgage.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref73" style="mso-endnote-id: edn73;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxiii]</span></span></span></span></a></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">We do not know whether Ithamar Coe
was a director of the Jamesville Iron and Woolen Factory in 1818 when the
Attorney General prosecuted the foreclosure of their mortgage, but it is
possible.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to the book <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Onondaga’s Centennial</i> “Nicholas Mickles
was a noteworthy character in the pioneer history of Onondaga, and was
especially distinguished for his public spirit and benevolence. He
established the famous Onondaga furnace, one of the earliest enterprises of the
kind in this region; and conducted it until his death in August, 1827. It
stood on land now embraced in Elmwood Park. During the war of 1812
Mickles was employed to cast shot and shell for the army and navy, and on one
occasion an order from the Secretary of War demanded that a vessel be
dispatched from Oswego to the furnace to carry away a large quantity of this
necessary ammunition.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ednref74" style="mso-endnote-id: edn74;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[lxxiv]</span></span></span></span></a> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Very little is known of Mary Ann's
childhood, or that of her siblings.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>No
school records have been found, but we assume from Ithamar's support of church
and school that his children received an education.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We know that Mary Ann could read and write in
later life and expect that she learned this early on.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Her siblings were all moderately successful
in adult life.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Older sister Sally Phoebe
Coe married Colonel Anson Hungerford 12 Sep 1802 in Clinton, NY.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Brother Martin married Clara Hatch 15 Sep
1810 in Pompey.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He served as a
lieutenant in the New York militia during the War of 1812.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was involved in the church, and was
president of the Genesee County Bible Society in 1818 (much of the Coe family
had moved from Pompey by then), was a Colonel of the 195<sup>th</sup> Regiment
of Infantry, New York Militia, was elected trustee of the Presbyterian Church
of LeRoy, New York in 1823 and held local political office.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Younger sister Persis married Dr.
Benjamin Bliss 21 Sep 1817.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Their son
Edward would move to Racine, Wisconsin in his twenties.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Sister Sophia married William Morgan 28 Oct
1819.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>William Morgan, a farmer, became a
Deacon of the First Presbyterian Church in LeRoy and would later become a
ruling elder of that same church.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was
also a supervisor of the town of LeRoy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On 26 Aug 1806 Ithamar gave a
mortgage to Samuel Curry for $124, secured by 143 acres on lot 39.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>At a time where there wasn't much cash
available, so goods were procured by the barter system, Ithamar was well off enough
to accept the promise money over time, including interest.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Samuel Curry would later default on the
mortgage and the land was advertised to be sold at public venue 5 Aug 1809.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A separate book could be written on
the life of Mary Ann's younger brother, Orman Coe.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Almost nine years younger than Mary Ann, he
would move with his parents to LeRoy, Genesee County, New York, where he joined
the newly formed First Presbyterian Church in 1829.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He married Ruth Jane Rowe 28 Sep 1829.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He and Lewis Austin made the first land
entries in the area now known as Burr Oak, Saint Joseph County, Michigan in
1831.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He also purchased land in the
present township of Brighton, Livingston County, Michigan in 1833.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He purchased additional land in Ingram,
Calhoun and Muskegon Counties in Michigan and La Salle County, Illinois.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His was one of six permanent families to
settle in Port Washington, Washington County (later Ozaukee County), Wisconsin
in June of 1844.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A farmer by profession
he would become one of the incorporators of the Ozaukee Academy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Orman was also an inventor and exhibited a
rotary harrow at the 1862 World’s Fair in London.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Brother Seth Coe died at the age of 18,
unmarried.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i>Next
week: Part 2 - The Pomeroys Come to Town </i></span></b></span></div>
<b>
</b><br />
<div style="mso-element: endnote-list;">
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<div id="edn1" style="mso-element: endnote;">
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref1" name="_edn1" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[i]</span></span></a>
William Chauncey Fowler, <i>History of
Dunham, Connecticut, From the First Grant of Land in 1662 to 1866, </i>(Hartford:
Press of Wiley, Waterman and Eaton, 1866) 383</span></span></div>
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</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref2" name="_edn2" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[ii]</span></span></a>
J. Gardner Bartlett, <i>Robert Coe, Puritan:
His Ancestors and Descendants 1340-1910 with Notices of Other Coe Families, </i>(Boston:
J. Gardner Bartlett, 1911), 136, 198</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn3">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref3" name="_edn3" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[iii]</span></span></a>
Connecticut Births and Christenings, 1649-1906, FamilySearch Labs online
[http://search.labs.familysearch.org], accessed 31 Dec 2008</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn4">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref4" name="_edn4" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[iv]</span></span></a>
New England Historic Genealogical Society, compiler, <i>Vital Records of Granville Massachusetts To the Year 1850, </i>Boston: New England Historic
Genealogical Society, 1914] 188-190</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn5">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref5" name="_edn5" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[v]</span></span></a>
Advertisement, <i>Le Roy Gazette, </i>Le
Roy, N.Y., 8 Nov 1827, P 3, Col. 2</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn6">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref6" name="_edn6" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[vi]</span></span></a>
<i>History of Durham, Connecticut, From the
First Grant of Land in 1662 to 1866, </i>299-303</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn7">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref7" name="_edn7" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[vii]</span></span></a>
<i>Robert Coe, Puritan: His Ancestors and
Descendants 1340-1910 with Notices of Other Coe Families, </i>136</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn8">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref8" name="_edn8" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[viii]</span></span></a>
Dea. Aaron Coe household, 1790 U.S. Census, Granville, Hampshire County,
Massachusetts, Line 16, National Archives microfilm publication M637_4</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn9">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref9" name="_edn9" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[ix]</span></span></a>
William Martin Beauchamp, <i>Annual volume
of the Onondaga Historical Association, 1914, </i>(Syracuse: Dehler Press,
1914)</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn10">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref10" name="_edn10" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[x]</span></span></a>
<i>Robert Coe, Puritan: His Ancestors and
Descendants, 1340-1910 with Notices of Other Coe Families, </i>185-186</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn11">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref11" name="_edn11" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xi]</span></span></a>
Ithamar Coe File (Private, 4<sup>th</sup> Massachusetts Regiment), <i>Compiled Service Records of Soldiers Who
Served in the American Army During the Revolutionary War, </i>microfilm
publication M881 (Washington: National Archives)</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn12">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref12" name="_edn12" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xii]</span></span></a>
Orman Coe obituary, written by <i>George
Warren Foster, </i>Port Washington, Ozaukee Wisconsin, 20 Mar 1876.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn13">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref13" name="_edn13" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xiii]</span></span></a>
Massachusetts Society of the Sons of the American Revolution, <i>Register of Members Records of Revolutionary
Ancestors, </i>(Massachusetts: Massachusetts Society of the Sons of the
American Revolution, 1916) 109</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn14">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref14" name="_edn14" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xiv]</span></span></a>
Land Deeds, 1628-1867, Volume 20: P 470, Family History Library, Salt Lake
City, UT</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn15">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref15" name="_edn15" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xv]</span></span></a>
Lynn Calvin, <i>To Gather, Levy, Collect and
Receive, 1779-1789 Tax Lists for the Albany County Districts of Saratoga,
Halfmoon, Stillwater and Ballstown, </i>(Albany, 1995) 2</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn16">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref16" name="_edn16" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xvi]</span></span></a>
<i>Robert Coe, Puritan: His Ancestors and
Descendants 1340-1910 with Notices of Other Coe Families, </i>198</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn17">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref17" name="_edn17" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xvii]</span></span></a>
Royden Woodward Vosburgh, <i>Records of the
Paris Religious Society, in the Town of Paris, Oneida County, New York, Oct.
1921, </i>Microfilm Reel 8, end of part 9, copied from film in New York City
June 2001 [New York Genealogical and Biographical Society] 8</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn18">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref18" name="_edn18" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xviii]</span></span></a>
Hugh Hastings and Henry Harmon Noble, compilers, <i>Military Minutes of the Council of Appointment of the State of New
York, 1783-1821</i>, (Albany: State of New York, 1901) 113</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn19">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref19" name="_edn19" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xix]</span></span></a>
LaVerne C. Cooley, <i>Tombstone Inscriptions
from the Abandoned Cemeteries and Farm Burials of Genesee County, </i>(Batavia:
LaVerne C. Cooley, 1952) 115</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn20">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref20" name="_edn20" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xx]</span></span></a>
<i>Robert Coe, Puritan: His Ancestors and
Descendants 1340-1910 with Notices of Other Coe Families, </i>198.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn21">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref21" name="_edn21" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xxi]</span></span></a>
<i>Ibid,</i></span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn22">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref22" name="_edn22" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xxii]</span></span></a>
<i>Records of the Paris Religious Society,
in the Town of Paris, Oneida County, New York, </i>8</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn23">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref23" name="_edn23" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xxiii]</span></span></a>
Ithamar Coe household, 1790 U.S. Census, Balls Town, Albany County, New York, p
294 (penned); National Archives microfilm publication M637_6.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn24">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref24" name="_edn24" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xxiv]</span></span></a>
<i>Robert Coe, Puritan: His Ancestors and
Descendants 1340-1910 with Notices of Other Coe Families, </i>100, 133.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn25">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref25" name="_edn25" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xxv]</span></span></a>
Oneida County, New York Deeds 1791-1901, Vol. I, P 166, Family History Library
Film #364856, Salt Lake City, UT</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn26">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref26" name="_edn26" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xxvi]</span></span></a>
Henry C. Rogers, <i>History of the Town of
Paris, and the Valley of the Sauquoit, </i>Utica: White & Floyd, 1881).</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn27">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref27" name="_edn27" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xxvii]</span></span></a>
<i>Records of the Paris Religious Society in
the Town of Paris, Oneida County, New York, </i>36</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn28">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref28" name="_edn28" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xxviii]</span></span></a>
<i>History of the Town of Paris, and the
Valley of the Sauquoit,</i></span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn29">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref29" name="_edn29" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xxix]</span></span></a>
W. Deloss Love, <i>Samson Occom and the
Christian Indians of New England, </i>Boston: The Pilgrim Press, 1899) 290</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn30">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref30" name="_edn30" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xxx]</span></span></a>
To Be Sold, Lot 79 in Brothertown article, <i>Western
Centinel, </i>Whitestown, NY 10 Aug 1796, P 1, Col. 4.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn31">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref31" name="_edn31" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xxxi]</span></span></a>
<i>Records of the Paris Religious Society,
in the Town of Paris, Oneida County, New York,</i> 36, 48, 92, 103-5</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn32">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref32" name="_edn32" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xxxii]</span></span></a>
Onondaga County NY Deed Records, Vol A: P 62, Onondaga County Courthouse,
Syracuse, NY 1795</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn33">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref33" name="_edn33" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xxxiii]</span></span></a>
<i>Records of the Paris Religious Society,
in the Town of Paris, Oneida County, New York, </i>36.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn34">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref34" name="_edn34" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xxxiv]</span></span></a>
At a respectable meeting of the inhabitants of Paris article, <i>Western Centinel, </i>Whitestown, N.Y., 30
Nov 1796, P 4, Col 4.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn35">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref35" name="_edn35" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xxxv]</span></span></a>
Clerk’s Office of the County of Herkimer, By Commissions lately received at
this office article, <i>Western Centinel, </i>Whitestown,
N.Y., 24 Mar 1797, P 2, Col. 3.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn36">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref36" name="_edn36" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xxxvi]</span></span></a>
<i>Records of the Paris Religious Society,
in the Town of Paris, Oneida County, New York.</i></span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn37">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref37" name="_edn37" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xxxvii]</span></span></a>
Guy S. Rix, compiler, <i>History and
Genealogy of the Eastman Family of America, </i>(Concord: Ira C. Evans, 1901),
98-99.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn38">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref38" name="_edn38" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xxxviii]</span></span></a>
Ithamar Coe household, 1800 U.S. Census, Paris, Oneida County, New York, P 107;
National Archives microfilm publication 23.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn39">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref39" name="_edn39" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xxxix]</span></span></a>
House of Assembly, February 2 article, <i>The
Albany Centinel, </i>Albany, N.Y., 6 Feb 1801, P 2.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn40">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref40" name="_edn40" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xl]</span></span></a>
<i>Pompey Town Records 1794, </i>Pompey Town
Hall, Clerk’s Office, Pompey, N.Y.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn41">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref41" name="_edn41" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xli]</span></span></a>
<i>Pompey, Onondaga County, New York, Road
Book, 1794-1819, </i>Pompey Historical Society, Pompey, N.Y.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn42">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref42" name="_edn42" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xlii]</span></span></a>
<i>Tax Assessment Rolls of Real &
Personal Property, 1799-1804, </i>Film #B0950, Reel 12, New York State
Archives, Albany, N.Y.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn43">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref43" name="_edn43" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xliii]</span></span></a>
Onondaga County Board of Supervisors records, 1794-1835, Onondaga Historical
Association, Syracuse, N.Y., [Nic]NY D872-610-0928, Accession # 2002.347 Box
MS2 Manlius & Dewitt.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn44">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref44" name="_edn44" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xliv]</span></span></a>
Onondaga County Deed Records, Volume H: P 264, Onondaga County Clerk’s Office,
Syracuse, N.Y.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn45">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref45" name="_edn45" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xlv]</span></span></a>
<i>Pompey, Onondaga County, New York, Road
Book, 1794-1819</i>, 55.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn46">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref46" name="_edn46" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xlvi]</span></span></a>
Mrs. Charles Edward Merritt, compiler, <i>Cemetery,
Church & Town Records, </i>(Utica: Oneida Chapter, Daughters of the
American Revolution; 1928-29), FHL Film #1435718, Vol 8, Salt Lake, UT, 32-35.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn47">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref47" name="_edn47" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xlvii]</span></span></a>
Onondaga County Deed Records, Book A: P 62, Onondaga County Clerk’s Office,
Syracuse, N.Y.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn48">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref48" name="_edn48" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xlviii]</span></span></a>
Onondaga County Deed Records, Book A., P 207-208, Onondaga County Clerk’s
Office, Syracuse, N.Y.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn49">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref49" name="_edn49" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[xlix]</span></span></a>
<i>Pompey Town Elections 1799-1871, </i>P
14, 1802, Pompey Town Hall, Clerk’s Office, Pompey, N.Y.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn50">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref50" name="_edn50" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[l]</span></span></a>
<i>Tax Assessment Rolls of Real &
Personal Property, 1799-1804, </i>Film # B0950, Reel 12, New York State
Archives, Albany, N.Y.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn51">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref51" name="_edn51" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[li]</span></span></a>
Alonzo H. Quint and Christopher Cushing, editors, <i>The Congregational Quarterly, </i>Vol. XVI – New Series, Vol VI,
(Boston: Alonzo H. Quint & Christopher Cushing, 1874) 286.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn52">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref52" name="_edn52" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[lii]</span></span></a>
Mrs. John Arneson, “Administrators’ Bonds, 1794-1804,” <i>Tree Talks, </i>Vol 5, No 1(March 1965), Central New York Genealogical
Society, 31.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn53">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref53" name="_edn53" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[liii]</span></span></a>
Minnie L. Kellogg, “Cemetery Inscriptions from Pompey Hill, Onondaga County,
N.Y.,” <i>New York Genealogical and
Biographical Register</i>, (Jan 1913); 70</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn54">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref54" name="_edn54" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[liv]</span></span></a>
Gilman Bigelow Howe, <i>Genealogy of the
Bigelow Family of America, </i>(Worcester: Charles Hamilton, 1890), 184-185.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn55">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref55" name="_edn55" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[lv]</span></span></a>
<i>Genealogy of the Bigelow Family of
America, </i>184-185.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn56">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref56" name="_edn56" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[lvi]</span></span></a>
<i>Pompey Town Records 1794, </i>Pompey Town
Hall, Clerk’s Office, Pompey, N.Y., 30.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn57">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref57" name="_edn57" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[lvii]</span></span></a>
Daughters of the American Revolution, compilers, <i>Church Records from the Town of Pompey, </i>(Albany: Daughters of the
American Revolution, 1931)</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn58">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref58" name="_edn58" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[lviii]</span></span></a>
<i>Addresses Delivered at the Centennial
Anniversary of the First Congregational Church Pompey, N.Y. June 21<sup>st</sup>
– 23<sup>rd</sup> 1896, </i>(Cazenovia: J.A. Loyster, 1896) 4, 12.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn59">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref59" name="_edn59" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[lix]</span></span></a>
<i>Tax Assessment Rolls of Real &
Personal Property, 1799-1804, </i>Film # Bo950, Reel 12, New York State
Archives, Albany, N.Y.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn60">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref60" name="_edn60" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[lx]</span></span></a>
Onondaga County Miscellaneous Records, Volume A: Onondaga County Clerk’s
Office, Syracuse, N.Y.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn61">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref61" name="_edn61" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[lxi]</span></span></a>
Onondaga County Deed Book, Book F: P 154-155, Onondaga County Clerk’s Office,
Syracuse, N.Y.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn62">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref62" name="_edn62" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[lxii]</span></span></a>
Onondaga County Deed Records, Book H: P 151, Onondaga County Clerk’s Office,
Syracuse, N.Y</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn63">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref63" name="_edn63" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[lxiii]</span></span></a>
Onondaga County Deed Records, Book D: P 412-413, Onondaga County Clerk’s
Office, Syracuse, N.Y.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn64">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref64" name="_edn64" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[lxiv]</span></span></a>
Onondaga County Deed Records, Book G: P 616-617, Onondaga County Clerk’s
Office, Syracuse, N.Y.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn65">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref65" name="_edn65" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[lxv]</span></span></a>
Newton King, compiler, <i>Records for the
First Congregational Church in Pompey 1797-1902, </i>(Syracuse, Self-Published,
2001), from the records of Sylvia Shoebridge, Pompey, N.Y. Town Historian, 8</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn66">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref66" name="_edn66" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[lxvi]</span></span></a>
<i>Ibid, </i>9</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn67">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref67" name="_edn67" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[lxvii]</span></span></a>
<i>Ibid, </i>10</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn68">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref68" name="_edn68" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[lxviii]</span></span></a>
History of the Town of Pompey, submitted by Sue Goodfellow, online [www.rootsweb.com/!nyonona/POMPEY/BEAUPOMP.HTM],
accessed 4 Jan 2007.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn69">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref69" name="_edn69" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[lxix]</span></span></a>
<i>Records for the First Congregational
Church in Pompey, 1797-1902, </i>11.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn70">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref70" name="_edn70" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[lxx]</span></span></a>
State of New York, <i>Laws of the state of
New York, passed at the thirty-fourth session of the Legislature [microform]
begun and held at the city of Albany, the twenty-ninth day of January, 1811 </i>(Albany,
S. Southwick, printer to the state,1811) 61-64, 2004, Early American Imprints,
Series 2, no. 23549 (filmed), American Antiquarian Society and NewsBank, Inc.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn71">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref71" name="_edn71" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[lxxi]</span></span></a>
State of New York, <i>Laws of the state of
New York, passed at the thirty-fourth session of the Legislature [microform]
begun and held at the city of Albany, the twenty-ninth day of January, 1811 </i>(Albany,
S. Southwick, printer to the state,1811) 344-345, 2004, Early American
Imprints, Series 2, no. 23549 (filmed), American Antiquarian Society and
NewsBank, Inc.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn72">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref72" name="_edn72" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[lxxii]</span></span></a>
State of New York, <i>Laws of the state of
New York, passed at the thirty-fifth session of the Legislature [microform]
begun and held at the city of Albany, the twenty-eighth day of January, 1812 </i>(Albany,
S. Southwick, printer to the state,1812) 104-105, 2004, Early American
Imprints, Series 2, no. 26279 (filmed), American Antiquarian Society and
NewsBank, Inc.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn73">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref73" name="_edn73" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[lxxiii]</span></span></a>
State of New York, <i>Laws of the state of
New York, passed at the forty-first ...1818 </i>(Albany, J. Buel, printer to
the state,1818) 560-561, 2004, Early American Imprints, Series 2, no. 45043
(filmed), American Antiquarian Society and NewsBank, Inc.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div id="edn74">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref74" name="_edn74" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">[lxxiv]</span></span></a>
Dwight H. Bruce, <i>Onondaga’s Centennial
Vol I. </i>(Boston, History Co., 1896), 836-866.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%;">
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</style> <![endif]--> Susan Hugheshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06412744821381463346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3285100268676605169.post-68807746594931686562015-05-19T16:47:00.001-04:002015-05-19T16:55:55.449-04:00A Northern Lumbering Venture<div style="text-align: left;">
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">By Carol Payment Poole</span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Born and raised in the northern Adirondack
Mountains, Carol Payment Poole has had an abiding interest in local history.
When she retired from teaching, she began delving into genealogy and local
history. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That study has produced
numerous articles and two books, <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><i>Place
Names of Franklin County, New York</i> </span>in conjunction with Kelsey Harder and <i><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Rising from the Swamp</span></i>, a history of
Faust, NY.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Her three now adult children
have been a strong support to her in her research and writing. She is presently
working on the history of lumbering in the Adirondack region of Franklin County.</span></div>
</blockquote>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> Back
in 1630, Eltweed Pomeroy boarded the ship <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">John
and Mary </i>bound for the New England coast. He could never have imagined that
two hundred years in the future four of his great, great, great, great
grandsons would be credited with opening the dense woodlands of southern
Franklin County, New York to its earliest lumbering operation. How that group
of Pomeroys managed to accomplish that feat is the subject of this brief piece.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> In
the early 1850s, the Northern Adirondack region was thought of only as a place
to avoid - except by the hardiest sportsmen and the occasional hermit.
Trackless forests filled with voracious black flies and mosquitoes in the
summer and temperatures well below zero in the six month long winters were not
appealing to most individuals. Even the primal forests, with their tall,
graceful pines, failed to lure lumbermen into the forbidding wilderness. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> Although
miles and miles of virgin woodlands awaited the ring of axes, investors were not
prepared to take on the challenge. Yet Potsdam, a village in adjoining St.
Lawrence county, was beginning to grow, and business men were looking for a new
source of logs to feed the sawmills. Since the Racket [sic] River flowed
through the Adirondacks and passed by Potsdam on its way to the St. Lawrence
River, it could be an ideal waterway to move logs harvested in the Adirondacks
to the Potsdam mills. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One local entrepreneur,
Dr. Henry Hewitt, decided to act. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He petitioned
state lawmakers to support the region by making it easier to move logs to the
village mills. The legislature responded by declaring the Racket River a public
highway and granting $10,000 for its improvement as such. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> How
Daniel, Ralph, Charles and Paris Pomeroy <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">(Daniel,
Daniel, Daniel, Ebenezer, Medad, Eltweed)</i> found out about this legislative
action is a mystery yet to be solved, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>but
in 1851 they made significant moves to take advantage of the new state of
affairs on Northern New York waterways.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>As they mulled over the situation, they recognized that the abundant raw
materials taken from the forests could now be moved efficiently to any mill
site on the shores of the Racket. In and around Potsdam, workers were available
to man the mill operation, and the merchantable product (lumber and lumber
products) could be moved to market via a recently established six mile railroad
spur running from Potsdam to the Ogdensburg & Lake Champlain Railroad depot
in Norwood.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[<span style="color: red;">1</span>]</span></span></span></span>
Because this new railroad crossed the Delaware and Hudson and offered through
transportation to Albany, New York City and Boston, it could provide the route
for moving Pomeroy product out of the North Country and into the major markets
of the east.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> Nearly
simultaneously, the Pomeroy men began two major efforts - obtaining forest land
and erecting a saw mill. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In southern
Franklin County, Daniel Pomeroy purchased more than 30,000 acres of woodland in
the northern one-third of Township 25 and the southern section of Township 22.
Both these tracts were drained by the Racket River. Two large bodies of water,
two thirds of Tupper’s Lake and all of Simon Pond, were located in Township 25.
Racket Pond and Big and Little Wolf Ponds were in the other parcel. A bit later,
Charles also got into land buying purchasing a section of Daniel’s property and
an additional section from Samuel Whiting.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[<span style="color: red;">2</span>]</span></span></span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> While
the two brothers were buying up all this timber land, Cyrus Pierson, who had
lived in the same area of New Jersey as Ralph, invested in a mill site<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[<span style="color: red;">3</span>]</span></span></span></span>
in St. Lawrence County a few miles north of the center of Potsdam near the tiny
settlement of Hewittville.<span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[<span style="color: red;">*</span>]</span></span></span></span>
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Earlier, a mill had been operating at
that site on the Racket River but a fire had closed it down and deterioration had
set in. In less than a year, Ralph Pomeroy purchased the site from Pierson for
$10,900.<span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[<span style="color: red;">†</span>]</span></span></span></span>
The new company cleared out the rubbish and <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>built a large sawmill. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>With hopes for attracting dependable, long
term workers, the Pomeroys also built twenty-five houses for their mill
employees.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[<span style="color: red;">4</span>]</span></span></span></span>
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On one of their Franklin County parcels
at the outlet of Lake Kitteredge,<span class="MsoFootnoteReference"> <span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[<span style="color: red;">‡</span>]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>later named Big Wolf Lake,<span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[<span style="color: red;">§</span>]</span></span></span></span>
a small mill was also constructed.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"> <span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[<span style="color: red;">5</span>]</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A large mill at that location similar to the
one they built in Potsdam in southern Franklin County would have been a
foolhardy investment. Rather than producing merchantable product at the Lake
Kittredge site, the timber on their Franklin County holdings was soon being cut
and transported via the Racket River to the Pomeroy’s Potsdam mill in
thirty-five days. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> At
some point during the establishment of the business, youngest brother Paris
also became involved.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The book, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Genealogy of the Pomeroy</i> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Family</i> credits him as a lumber merchant
in New York and also a partner of Ralph, the proprietor of the Pomeroy mills in
Potsdam, NY. <span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[<span style="color: red;">6</span>]</span></span></span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> For about three years, the logging and milling
operations were active and proved to be a money making enterprise for the
Pomeroy men and members of their consortium. To maintain the strong family connection
and to be certain that the logging was well supervised, two of the Pomeroys
each sent a son to oversee their woodland efforts. By the time the 1860 census of
the southern end of the Town of Dickinson, Township 25, was recorded, the
Pomeroy cousins, Daniel’s eldest son Charles S., in his twenties, and Charles’s
fourth son Daniel, about the same age as his cousin, were listed as living and
working there. No doubt they had been in the area earlier, likely at the outset
of the work. Although the census taker reported that the young men were
farmers, it is more probable that the two Pomeroys had been overseeing the
cutting being done in the forest and managing the river drives on the Racket.
The Pomeroy cousins were not alone in that wilderness, five families were also
enumerated in the same area: Clarks, Stetsons, Cole, McBrides and McLaughlins.
They were to become the earliest residents in the Town of Altamont.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> Then
in 1854/55 a serious business downturn hit the United States. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The highly leveraged Pomeroy venture went
bankrupt and closed. Over the next few years, the brothers attempted to
consolidate their properties and sell the forest tracts, but much of it was
lost in tax sales. The three Pomeroy brothers, Charles, Daniel and Ralph, died
in the mid 1860s. After the death of his first wife, Daniel married Elizabeth
Tufts. Upon his death, she inherited the Franklin County land that he still
owned. Ralph’s wife Esther and their son James Morgarum took over what was left
of the Dickinson land that Ralph had purchased.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[<span style="color: red;">7</span>]</span></span></span></span>
According to local history, James Morgarum Pomeroy was assigned to organize
Company B of the Sixteenth N. Y. Volunteer Infantry at Potsdam, entering the
Civil War as captain of the company.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[<span style="color: red;">8</span>]</span></span></span></span>
During the ensuing years, James continued the family’s military tradition and
became a successful military commander. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> Even during the time that the Pomeroys
owned the logging and sawmill operations, they remained in Brooklyn. Except for
the two sons, Charles S. and Daniel, there is no record extant of Ralph,
Charles, Daniel or Paris establishing a home in northern New York. After the
business failure, the families of the Pomeroy men were not interested in continuing
the hard, risky life of a northern New York logger. They pulled out of the area
leaving behind a cleared section in the woods beside Racket Pond and a
deteriorating mill below Potsdam. The original three remained Brooklynites
until their death.<span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[<span style="color: red;">**</span>]</span></span></span></span> </span></div>
<div style="mso-element: footnote-list;">
<br clear="all" />
<hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" />
<div id="ftn1" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[<span style="color: red;">*</span>]</span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> The hamlet had been named for Dr.
Hewlitt who had built the original sawmill in that location.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[<span style="color: red;">†</span>]</span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> Ralph Pomeroy had lived in Essex
County, New Jersey (his son James was born there) which likely indicates how he came to partner with Pierson,
who was also a resident of the county.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn3" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[<span style="color: red;">‡</span>]</span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> William C. Kittredge, a politician
from Brandon, VT, was involved in the Pomeroy business.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn4" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[<span style="color: red;">§</span>]</span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> The Pomeroys could not build a sawmill
in southern Franklin County since, at that time, there was no rail transportation and no one living
there. Only the men who came to do the logging with them were <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>counted in the 1860 Census. No one appeared in
the records in 1850.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn5" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[<span style="color: red;">**<span style="color: black;">]</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> Some local historians have given
Maine the credit for being the home base of the Pomeroy business, but the
county deed records do not agree with that story. The Pomeroys lived and worked
in Brooklyn during the time they were purchasing and working the Franklin County
forest land.</span></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="mso-element: endnote-list;">
<br clear="all" />
<hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" />
<div id="edn1" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[<span style="color: red;">1</span>]</span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> Kudish, Michael. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Where Did the Tracks Go in the Western Adirondacks?</i> Purple Mountain
Press: Fleishchmanns, NY 2005,
p. 107.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="edn2" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[<span style="color: red;">2</span>]</span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> Franklin County Clerk’s Office,
Malone, NY: Liber 18, PP. 345, 347, 537, 554, 576.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="edn3" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[<span style="color: red;">3</span>]</span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> St. Lawrence County Clerk’s Office,
Canton, NY: Liber 43B, p. 381.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="edn4" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[<span style="color: red;">4</span>]</span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Potsdam
Courier and Freeman</i>, Potsdam, NY. 1 April 1880, p.3.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="edn5" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[<span style="color: red;">5</span>]</span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> Simmons, Louis. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mostly Spruce and Hemlock</i>. Hungry Bear Publishing:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Saranac Lake, NY 2009, p. 36.</span></div>
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<div id="edn6" style="mso-element: endnote;">
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<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[<span style="color: red;">6</span>]</span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-no-proof: yes;"><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RL4UAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA44&lpg=PA44&dq=Daniel+pomeroy+1771">https://books.google.com/books?id=RL4UAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA44&lpg=PA44&dq=Daniel+pomeroy+1771</a>
source=bl&ots=41Y3HLSATP&sig=Zw5vugnCtw_SOyN282za5xAmw_c&hl=en&sa=X&ei=JIdTVbOv<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>OMSkNpfRgNgH&ved=0CEEQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=Daniel%20pomeroy%201771&f=false<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[<span style="color: red;">7</span>]</span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> Land deeds from Franklin County
Clerk’s office.</span><br />
<div id="edn7" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></span></span></span><br />
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[<span style="color: red;">8</span>]</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Curtis Gates</span>, ed. <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><i>Our County and Its People: A Memorial Record of St. Lawrence County</i> New
York</span>. D. Mason & Co.:
Syracuse, 1894.</span></div>
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<div id="edn8" style="mso-element: endnote;">
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footer"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of figures"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope return"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="line number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="page number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of authorities"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="macro"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="toa heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
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<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:RelyOnVML/> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]-->Susan Hugheshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06412744821381463346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3285100268676605169.post-17179334934620452412015-02-03T12:00:00.000-05:002015-02-03T12:00:05.663-05:00Frederick Lawrence Pomeroy (1855-1906): scofflaw or scapegoat? Part 2<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">by Nancy Maliwesky</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Note: APHGA has joined </i><i><a href="http://newyorkheritage.org/" target="_blank">NewYorkHeritage.org</a></i><i>, an online research site for New York history offering collections from New York libraries, historical societies, museums and archives. View our online collection </i><i><a href="http://cdm16694.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/landingpage/collection/p16694coll35" target="_blank">here</a></i><i>. Nancy wrote about the collection last year after completing its transcription. – Susan Hughes</i></span> </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The Frederick Lawrence Pomeroy Collection is an aggregate of three separate eBay purchases. Of these three purchases, at least two came from the same seller. One contains seven letters of condolence written to Pomeroy’s boss at the New York Central Railroad, Francis La Bau, on various other railroad company’s letterheads. The second, and smallest, is a group of four letters written to Pomeroy by business acquaintances on the occasion of the birth of his only child, a son, Frederick Jr. The largest group contains 66 pieces. The letters in this group were written between 1877 and 1916 with the majority written in 1906, the year Pomeroy died, and afterwards. Upon first reviewing the entire collection, it seemed to me that it belonged to Pomeroy’s widow, Ophelia Taylor Williams Pomeroy, as most of the letters were written to her by her friend, distant relative and pastor, Reverend Albert J. Lyman, of the South Congregational Church in Brooklyn, NY. But, on closer inspection, I now wonder who in fact saved these letters.<span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The collection contains six letters of condolence written to Frederick Jr., one letter and one telegram of condolence written to “the family”, but no letters of condolence written to the widow, causing me to wonder whether the letters may have been saved by Frederick Jr., not Ophelia. There is also a series of correspondence, starting in 1888, between Pomeroy and Rev. Lyman regarding Pomeroy’s reluctance to join the South Congregational Church. He did eventually join and soon after served on the Board of Trustees. There is also an interesting exchange of letters and telegrams between Rev. Lyman and Pomeroy in which Lyman asks if Pomeroy could have a train make a special stop for Lyman and his bride on their wedding day [see photos].</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">It is evident in the letters written by Rev. Lyman that Ophelia Pomeroy was very active in the South Congregational Church. Included in this collection are a few letters from other church members and some literature regarding foreign missions. Because we are only privy to one side of these conversations, we end up learning more about Rev. Lyman than we do about Ophelia or Frederick. Also, due to the conventions of the day these letters, full of allusions to events and people, remain frustratingly vague in specifics. The authors never directly state what he or she means – although in the case of the good Reverend, he ends up saying little to nothing but spends a great deal of time and paper saying it!</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">It would appear from Rev. Lyman’s letters that he was raised in the manner of Victorian etiquette in which a gentleman did not refer to other’s hardships or concerns with any degree of specificity and always flattered a lady. Even when these social mores changed in the early 20<sup>th</sup> Century, Rev. Lyman kept this style of writing, at least as evidenced in this collection.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">It would certainly be interesting to know who saved these letters, what the entirety of the collection was, and why the seller or sellers decided to split them up. I find myself wondering whether Ophelia kept earlier correspondence between herself and her husband or her family, and whether there is an archive somewhere that contains Ophelia’s letters to her family and friends. Because most of these letters are written to Ophelia, I feel that I know more about Ophelia than her husband, and I wonder about her later life. It does not appear that she ever remarried. In 1940, Ophelia was living with her son and family in Westfield, Union County, NJ, having moved there sometime after 1935. Prior to that, evidence indicates she lived in Brooklyn. She died about January 1955, and was buried next to her husband in the Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn, NY on 25 January 1955. Her son died the following year. How did Ophelia fill her days and how different would her life have been had Frederick Pomeroy not died in 1906? Frederick Lawrence Pomeroy’s trial and subsequent conviction has become a footnote in American business law and history. But more so than his guilt or innocence, the loss of Frederick Lawrence Pomeroy may best be felt in the way it changed the lives of those around him.</span></span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-29D1srn8QIw/VMphQOwJUFI/AAAAAAAAAK0/98aj33ZO0DY/s1600/2010.0307.1.011.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-29D1srn8QIw/VMphQOwJUFI/AAAAAAAAAK0/98aj33ZO0DY/s1600/2010.0307.1.011.jpg" height="512" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">"My Dear Mr Pomeroy. I have an idea that you are practically omniscient in railway matters and I am going to frankly ask whether you can help us out</span> -" </i><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Lyman, Albert J. Letter to Frederick Lawrence Pomeroy. 17 June 1902. MS. Frederick Lawrence Pomeroy Collection. American Pomeroy Historic Genealogical Assn., Syracuse, NY. 2010.0307.1.11. </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Lyman, Albert J. Letter to Frederick Lawrence Pomeroy. 17 June 1902. MS. Frederick Lawrence Pomeroy Collection. American Pomeroy Historic Genealogical Assn., Syracuse, NY. 2010.0307.1.11a. </span></td></tr>
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Susan Hugheshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06412744821381463346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3285100268676605169.post-14845532296464717432015-01-27T09:01:00.000-05:002015-01-27T09:33:31.672-05:00Frederick Lawrence Pomeroy (1855-1906): scofflaw or scapegoat? <h2>
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table.MsoNormalTable
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mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
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<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">by Nancy
Maliwesky</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i>Note: APHGA has joined <span style="color: #b45f06;"><a href="http://newyorkheritage.org/" target="_blank">NewYorkHeritage.org</a></span>,
an online research site for New York history offering collections from New York
libraries, historical societies, museums and archives. View our online collection
<span style="color: #b45f06;"><b><a href="http://cdm16694.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/landingpage/collection/p16694coll35" target="_blank">here</a></b></span>. Nancy wrote about the collection last
year after completing its transcription. – Susan Hughes</i></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Completing the scanning and transcription of the Frederick
Lawrence Pomeroy correspondence in our collection for publication on the <span style="color: #b45f06;"><i><a href="http://newyorkheritage.org/" target="_blank">NewYorkHeritage.org </a></i></span>site, I have been trying to identify a theme that would best illustrate this
archive. Initially hoping these letters would provide answers to the many
questions surrounding the legacy of Frederick (“Fred”) Pomeroy, it seems they
pose more questions than answers. </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Frederick
Lawrence Pomeroy, born 15 Jan 1855 in Cortland, Cortland County, New York, to James
Clark Pomeroy and Olive M. Mills, made a career working in the railroad
industry. Early on, he worked as a general passenger agent for the Ogdensburg
and Lake Champlain Railroad, then as general freight and ticket agent with the
Ithaca and Cortland Railroad, and eventually become an Assistant General Traffic
Manager for the New York Central Railroad.
On 25 Oct 1906, Pomeroy, along with the New York Central Railroad, was
convicted of granting freight rebates to the American Sugar Refining trust in violation
of the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887. New
York Central Railroad was fined $102,000. Pomeroy was personally fined $6,000,
the equivalent of about $158,000 today. (For comparison, in 1906 the average
worker made between $200 and $400 per year. While a manager like Pomeroy
probably commanded a higher salary, even an engineer could only expect about
$5,000.<a href="http://www.nber.org/chapters/c2287.pdf" name="_ednref1" target="_blank" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></span></span></a>)
The verdict was widely reported in the news and various trade publications. Tragically,
Pomeroy died of a heart attack one month later on 26 Nov 1906 at age 51 while
fighting the conviction. </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 115%;">President
Theodore Roosevelt earned the nickname “Trust Buster” for his crusade against
the exploitive practices of certain captains of industry. But, he also sought
to enact laws that would protect workers forced to carry out employer’s
policies that were in direct violation of the law, especially when doing so
resulted in no personal benefit to those employees. Roosevelt felt that this
case in particular was an example of the type of miscarriage of justice he
sought to eradicate. In Roosevelt’s 1906 State of the Union Address, he voiced
his disapproval of the fine imposed on Pomeroy: </span></span></span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span></span><div style="margin: 0in 0.5in 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 115%;">“…</span><span style="line-height: 115%;">I am forced to the
conclusion, in a case in which the proof is so clear and the facts are so
flagrant, it is the duty of the court to fix a penalty which shall in some
degree be commensurate with the gravity of the offense. As between the two
defendants, in my opinion, the principal penalty should be imposed on the
corporation. The traffic manager in this case, presumably, acted without any
advantage to himself and without any interest in the transaction, either by the
direct authority or in accordance with what he understood to be the policy or
the wishes of his employer. </span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">'The sentence of this court in
this case is, that the defendant Pomeroy, for each of the six offenses upon
which he has been convicted, be fined the sum of $1,000, making six fines,
amounting in all to the sum of $6,000; and the defendant, The New York Central
and Hudson River Railroad Company, for each of the six crimes of which it has
been convicted, be fined the sum of $18,000, making six fines amounting in the
aggregate to the sum of $108,000, and judgment to that effect will be entered
in this case.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="line-height: 115%;">[<a href="http://www.infoplease.com/t/hist/state-of-the-union/118.html" target="_blank">2</a>]'" </span></span></span>
</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Roosevelt pardoned Pomeroy posthumously, assuring that his
estate was not liable for the fines.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
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<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Our blog readers may be interested to learn that Pomeroy was
the nephew of Lemuel Strong Pomeroy<a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2012/04/aphga-staff-member-to-speak-on-lemuel.html" name="_ednref3" target="_blank" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="line-height: 115%;">[3]</span></span></span></a>
(1812-1879) and Dr. Theodore Clapp Pomeroy (1817-1897) and thus a cousin of
Harry Dwight Pomeroy (1866-1937).
Captain Stephen Pomeroy, Frederick’s grandfather, was born 6 Aug 1775 in
Southampton, Hampshire Co., MA and settled with his wife Hannah “Polly” Clapp
in Otisco, Onondaga County, NY by 1806, where he died 23 Dec 1863. This family has strong roots in the Onondaga,
Cortland and Oswego County, New York areas.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span></span><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In an interesting
footnote to previous research published in our blog<a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2011/07/aphga-blog-post-for-july-11-2011.html" name="_ednref4" target="_blank" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="line-height: 115%;">[4]</span></span></span></a>,
the pulpit desk made by A.R. & E. L. Shaw of Boston, MA, which resides at
the First Presbyterian Church in Cortland, NY with the inscription </span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span></span></span><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i>POMEROY. “PRECIOUS IS THE MEMORY OF THE JUST” APRIL
1890.</i></span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
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<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">was given to
the church by Frederick and his sister Louisa Maria Pomeroy Hill in memory of
their parents who were members of that church.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span></span></span><i><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span></span></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Next week: A
closer look at the contents of the Frederick Lawrence Pomeroy collection.</span></span></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Y0MjadRBEIQ/VMa09hKemeI/AAAAAAAAAKc/Ty8D7aHwwnY/s1600/2010.0307.1.020.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Y0MjadRBEIQ/VMa09hKemeI/AAAAAAAAAKc/Ty8D7aHwwnY/s1600/2010.0307.1.020.jpg" height="640" title="2010.0307.1.20" width="489" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><h2>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Word spread
quickly about Pomeroy’s untimely death. The collection contains a number of
letters expressing shock and disbelief both from within the company and from outside
business contacts. <i>Frederick Lawrence
Pomeroy Collection. Image 2010.0307.1.20</i></span></span></span> </div>
</h2>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
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/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
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mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
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mso-para-margin-top:0in;
mso-para-margin-right:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
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<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">1 <a href="http://www.nber.org/chapters/c2287.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.nber.org/chapters/c2287.pdf</a><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"> </span></span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">2</span> Theodore
Roosevelt (December 3, 1906) State of the Union Address, <a href="http://www.infoplease.com/t/hist/state-of-the-union/118.html" target="_blank">http://www.infoplease.com/t/hist/state-of-the-union/118.html</a>,
accessed 26 Jan 2015<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"> </span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">3</span> <a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2012/04/aphga-staff-member-to-speak-on-lemuel.html" target="_blank">http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2012/04/aphga-staff-member-to-speak-on-lemuel.html</a><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"> </span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference">4 </span><a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2011/07/aphga-blog-post-for-july-11-2011.html" target="_blank">http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2011/07/aphga-blog-post-for-july-11-2011.html</a></span></span></span></div>
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Susan Hugheshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06412744821381463346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3285100268676605169.post-25199573582267895642014-04-10T14:37:00.000-04:002014-04-10T14:37:23.051-04:00Family Treasures and the Stories They Tell<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">By Susan M. Hughes</span></span><br />
<br />
<div align="left" class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">In February 2014 I joined
the American Pomeroy Historic Genealogical Association as the new Director. Since
coming to Upstate New York 14 year ago, I’ve taught many workshops to diverse audiences.
One problem I’ve seen in many archives is how to interpret those
non-traditional materials found in collections. The following is adapted from a
workshop I developed in answer to that problem. I hope it gives you some
insight into your personal collections; not only how to make use of them today,
but how to make them speak to future generations. </span></i><span style="font-weight: normal;"> </span></span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Family history is more
than just birth, marriage and death dates – it’s the story of your family’s interactions
with the community. Sources for these
histories, provided by written documentation as well as oral tradition, are
valuable to family members, historians, and the community. The records used to research family history
are an important part of our documentary heritage providing a direct link to our
common past. Your family’s history lives
in documents like photographs, letters, legal and financial papers, artistic
works, news clippings, home movies, diaries and journals. All those materials
that document interaction - and sometimes clutter our homes and offices - are
the stuff of history.</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-style: normal;"> </span></span></span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-style: normal;">Why document? Our story and that of our
ancestors is the story of our community, our country and our world. That story becomes history when it is
organized and preserved for future generations.
Documentation is the process of identifying, collecting and making
available records of historical value; it supplies researchers with the raw
materials of history and ensures a more comprehensive historical record when
groups and topics out of the mainstream are included. The decisions we make in
the present and will make in the future depend on our understanding – or
misunderstanding – of the past.</span></span> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Here are some underused but invaluable resources for family
history:<i> </i></span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i>Recipes and cookbooks</i> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">One genealogy magazine stated, “Food equals nostalgia” – how
true! Culinary history has become a rich resource used by social historians to
understand local, regional and national history. The sharing and passing-down of recipes ties
us to our family, our ethnicity and to changes in American culture. Ingredients
can help date a recipe. For example, processed foods date primarily from the 20<sup>th</sup>
century. Frozen foods weren’t available
commercially until 1924, although canned foods were produced in England as
early as 1815.<span i="" style="font-weight: normal;"> </span></span></span><br />
<br />
<i><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span i="" style="font-weight: normal;">Quilts and textiles</span></span></span></i><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Every
quilt has a story that should be told. Many times they were used to record
events such as births or marriages, but the fabrics and patterns can give us
clues as well. Fabrics can indicate the owner’s economic situation: small
pieces sewn together to make a larger quilt patch may indicate a lack of funds
so every scarp was saved, while large uncut patches of fabric or fancy paisleys
may show a woman who had the means to purchase fabric specifically for
quilt-making. When wars ended, many quilters used the fabrics from uniforms of
returning and lost soldiers to make quilts. Signature quilts were made as gifts
for prominent community members, such as clergy. A census record in thread! Clothing
fashions also responded to current events – women’s clothing became less
structured and skirts shorter as more women worked outside the home; military
styles in both men’s and women’s dress show up during and after wartime.</span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i>Artifacts such as vintage tools, toys, artwork, etc.</i><span msonormal="" style="font-weight: normal;"> </span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span msonormal="" style="font-weight: normal;">Start investigating the stories behind your family treasures.
How did it come into your possession and who owned it originally? Are there stories associated with it? It seems like nothing evokes memories and conversation
like old toys! Toys, like the textiles mentioned earlier, are reflections of popular culture,
trends and fashions. And don’t forget about those professional tools – not only
who used them, but <i>how</i> they were
used. Finally, commemorative items like medals, ribbons or pins reflect the
ways in which we choose to memorialize special events. The fact that the item
was saved shows the importance attached to it by its owner. Notice, though,
that these items are not as personalized as similar items are today which makes
recording to whom they belonged and why even more imperative. </span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i>Oral histories and "family lore"</i><span msonormal="" style="font-weight: normal;"> </span></span></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span msonormal="" style="font-weight: normal;">The artifact we’ve just discussed can be our touchstones:
they evoke memories and bring forth stories. Oral history is a method of
gathering and preserving memories that relies on the spoken word. It is both
the oldest type of historical inquiry, predating the written word, and one of
the most modern, now using digital technologies. It presents the opportunity
for those people “hidden” from history to have their voices heard and can
provide new insights that challenge our view of the past. And don’t dismiss
family lore! There’s often a kernel of truth to be found in it, it’s just gotten
embellished over the years.</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">How do we document using these non-written sources? Documentation
often involves creating new records to help fill gaps in the historical record.
Think <i>who</i>, <i>what</i>, <i>when</i>, <i>where</i> and <i>why</i>? Standardized documentation forms are very helpful. When
encountering a group or collection of items, be aware of items stored together:
sometimes one item gives a clue about another item stored with it, similar to
what archivists call <i>original order</i>. </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-2-XKUXZP9jg/U0bB3ynf4VI/AAAAAAAAAJY/LZjVdAKSZHo/s1600/cup.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-2-XKUXZP9jg/U0bB3ynf4VI/AAAAAAAAAJY/LZjVdAKSZHo/s1600/cup.jpg" height="320" width="248" /></a></span></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Silver baby cup engraved "Mary Sherman Pomeroy from Uncle Porter, 1870"</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The Pomeroy Collection holds the petite silver cup
shown in the photo. It came into the collection in 2002 from an estate auction
but, unfortunately, we had no one to interview regarding its origins and the
people whose names are engraved on it. Additionally, an elegant silver cup,
richly detailed and marked “English Sterling” on the bottom, seems somewhat out
of place for rural Cortland County in the mid-Nineteenth Century. Would one
have easy access to a purveyor of such an extravagant item?</span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">We started with what we knew: we
found a Mary Sherman Pomeroy born 1870 in Brooklyn, NY. Her father was Julius
Pomeroy and her mother was Frances Elvena Sherman. Frances Elvena was born and
died in Homer, Cortland County, New York - consistent with the location of the
estate sale. Furthermore, Frances had a brother named Porter, also born in
Homer. That’s our Uncle Porter! But Mary was born in Brooklyn and, as it turns
out, that’s where her uncle, Porter Sherman, died. Living in Brooklyn around
1870 would certainly give more ready access to shops in New York City selling merchandise
like an engraved silver piece.</span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Now we had <i>who</i> -
Mary Sherman Pomeroy and her uncle Porter Sherman, <i>what</i> - an elegantly engraved sterling silver baby cup, <i>when</i> - 1870, <i>where</i> - Borough of Brooklyn, New York City and the Village of
Homer. But we needed <i>why</i>: if Mary was
born in Brooklyn in 1870 and Uncle Porter died in Brooklyn in 1901, why did
this cup end up in Homer in 2002? An investigation of vital records, census
data, court records and other sources helped us piece together the answer.</span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In 1858, Frances Elvena Pomeroy of Homer, Cortland County,
married Julius Pomeroy, a young lawyer living with a relative in Brooklyn.
Elvena, as she was known, had an older brother named Porter living in Brooklyn
at the same time. Elvena and Julius settled in Brooklyn and baby Mary was born
in 1870. Unfortunately, Probate records show that Julius died in 1877, leaving
Elvena and 5 children. Soon after, Elvena moved back to Homer to raise her
children in the house she and her brothers had inherited from their father in
1869, apparently taking the silver baby cup with the rest of the family’s
possessions. Porter remained in Brooklyn until his death in 1901. The recipient
of the little silver cup, Mary, married a young man from Homer named Lewis
Tuthill in 1895 and moved to Minneapolis, Minnesota where she died in 1908 at
age 38, having no children. Elvena outlived both Mary and Porter, dying in
1913.</span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A little silver cup unveils a family’s history. Who could
have guessed it would end up in the possession of a cousin (fourth cousin twice
removed, to be precise) in such a serendipitous manner as being spotted at an
estate sale by someone who knew Bill Pomeroy’s passion for family history? Mary
Sherman Pomeroy Tuthill has told us her story.<span font-size:="" small="" style="font-weight: normal;"> </span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">___________________________________</span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>Notes:</b> here are some resources to
help you document your family’s treasures</span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The Food Timeline <a href="http://www.foodtimeline.org/">http://www.foodtimeline.org/</a> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Quilt History Timeline <a href="http://www.quiltstudy.org/discovery/resources/publications/downloads.html">http://www.quiltstudy.org/discovery/resources/publications/downloads.html</a> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Fashion Institute of
Technology Costume & Textile Collections <a href="http://fitnyc.edu/3425.asp">http://fitnyc.edu/3425.asp</a> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Solemates: The Century in
Shoes <a href="http://www.centuryinshoes.com/">http://www.centuryinshoes.com/</a> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Graphic Atlas: identification
of prints and photographs <a href="http://www.graphicsatlas.org/">http://www.graphicsatlas.org/</a></span></span></div>
Susan Hugheshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06412744821381463346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3285100268676605169.post-44705275099162634732013-07-22T16:45:00.001-04:002013-07-22T16:45:25.525-04:00The Journals of Harry D. Pomeroy, The World War I Years, 1915-1919<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">by Alethea Connolly</span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">In her teaching about historic primary resources,
Stacia Kuceyeski distinguishes between the diary and the journal.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The diary, she says, was originally a tool
for reflecting on one’s spiritual growth, and later developed into a “general
recording of personal feelings and self-examination…” <sup>1</sup><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The journal, by contrast, is a less intimate
record of events and activities often including details of weather and business.</span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">According to these
descriptions, the small pocket-size notebooks of Harry Dwight Pomeroy, part of
a family collection donated by his son, Donald Pomeroy Sr., to the Onondaga
Historical Association in Syracuse, New York are journals, even though they
were commercially sold under the name “Standard Diary.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Indeed, Pomeroy’s entries always give a
weather report, though they reveal much more.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Harry D. Pomeroy was
the youngest son of Dr. Theodore Clapp Pomeroy, a physician, and his second
wife, Jane Amelia Blodgett of Cortland.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>His grandparents, Captain Stephen Pomeroy and Hannah (Polly) Clapp,
started their family in Otisco, New York in 1806, after a westward journey from
Southampton, Massachusetts.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Harry was a keen
observer.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He wrote in pocket journals
since he was fourteen, and continued to do so until 1937, the year of his death
at age seventy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Brief, almost telegram
style entries showed he lived an energetic life, over thirty years of it in
Syracuse, within many social circles: family, work, neighborhood, city, state
and nation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>All of these interactions
were frequent, and important to him.</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">He was a mechanical
engineer and an inventor; a recorder of detail. <sup>2</sup><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His diary is a kaleidoscope of images,
activities, and observations.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Catastrophes got his attention, as did any parade or a circus.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He worked diligently, but also had a peevish
side that surfaced when he felt underappreciated at work.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Pomeroy’s diaries are particularly interesting
because they depict not only interactions at his home at 134 Baker Street and
at work, but within a larger context of historical time, place, and
responsibility.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What was going on in
the nation and the city of Syracuse mattered to him.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The nation was gradually being drawn into
the European war theater as a combatant, and Harry’s notes show family members
getting involved in the war effort amidst their ordinary daily routines.</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">In 1915 when he started
work as a draftsman at Semet-Solvay Company, Harry Pomeroy was fifty years old,
a widower of eight years, with four children.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The Semet-Solvay Company, a chemical manufacturing business, made an
array of products distilled from coal in coke ovens.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The preceding year, the company started
building a plant to manufacture explosives, picric acid, ammonium picrate, and
trinitrotoluene (TNT) at Split Rock. </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">As the war spread
across Europe, the United States identified a need for independent supplies of
ammonia because both the food and munitions industry required it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One way ammonia was used in explosives was by
oxidizing it to get nitric acid.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Much of
this was under secret experimentation, much of it at the Semet-Solvay
plant.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was a dangerous business.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">During the course of
World War I this company accounted for almost 25% of the nation’s military
munitions.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Chemical engineer Ludwig A.
Zohe was in charge of the building project, and was Pomeroy’s supervisor.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The TNT was set up in one quarry, and the
picric acid plant in another.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Feb.1,
1916:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Snow squalls.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Worked part of the day on Synthetic ammonia
apparatus for Zohe and then back on N A 4 & P A 3.</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Feb
19: …an explosion occurred about 9 last eve in the TNT #2 Plant at Split Rock,
killing 5 and injuring 5.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We got a .094%
bonus today on our Jan salaries.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Went
down town in aft.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Nov
6: … A nice day.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mr Conklin came over
and brought a sketch of an electric furnace for me to design.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In eve stayed home & read.</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Nov
28: …Worked all day on the Metallic Sodium furnace.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In eve worked on Shoe Polisher for
Sanborn.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Robt arrived fr<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>NY with a hard cold.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The boys went down to the Empire and saw The
Birth of a Nation in the moving pictures…</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Dec.
5: ...We had a notice of over time work to begin tonight.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Most of the boys complied.</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Dec
13: …the German offer of peace is spurned by the Allies.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The stock market suffered on announcement of
the proposal.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Wheat took a drop.</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Dec
30: …Zohe & I spent most of the forenoon studying on a sodium carbide
furnace.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Payday. …deposited my
paycheck…Went to the Eckel.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Walked
home.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">In 1917, the company
pressed forward with its munitions contracts, in what was a relatively new
industry, handling volatile and unstable chemicals.</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Jan
9:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Zohe went to Split Rock to start the
new men who are to build the new acid towers….</span></i></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Mar
31:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cold and cloudy with snow
flurries….a very heavy explosion occurred at 5:50 which I afterwards learned
was at the C. A. Plant at Semet-Solvay. 18 men injured…in eve I attended services
in the church.</span></i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">In April, 1917, the
United States declared war on Germany.</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Apr
2:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cloudy and threatening.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Congress met at 12 noon in special session to
hear President Wilson’s message requesting them to give him permission to
prepare for war with Germany.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A most
momentous time for the nation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the
eve attended prayer meeting in the chapel.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Zohe returned from his trip to NJ<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>rather suddenly.</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Apr:
4: <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Senate took a vote on the
resolution that we declare war on Germany, and carried it by a large majority.</span></i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Apr
5:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The House has the war message in
debate…..</span></i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Apr
6: …A company of State militia is here from Buffalo to do guard duty on the
canal and railroads east of here.</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span>As
the European war expanded, Semet-Solvay accelerated its product experimentation
and manufacturing in the weeks and months following the declaration of war, </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">May
1: …Zohe got out the prints today of the ammonia oxidizing plant at the Rock to
send to England.</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">May
21: <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cold, rainy and disagreeable.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I started a floor drawing for the Prussiate
plant at Buffalo for Miller.</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">May
24:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cold, cloudy and rainy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I subscribed for a Liberty bond of $50 today
through the company.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Yesterday Mr. E. L.
Pierce was elected president of the Solvay Process Co. and Judge Nathan L.
Miller vice president.</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Jun
8: …Mr Zohe told me that they began to make picric acid today for the first
time at Split Rock</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">June
22:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Zohe spent the day in conference
with government officials over the Ammonia Oxidizing experiment…</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">June
23: …After dinner Harry, Dwight and I walked down town and saw the great
military parade, probably 4500 men, four regiments, the largest ever held here…</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">June
28: …The papers report the safe arrival in France of our first contingent of
ten thousand troops.</span></i><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">July
2:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A beautiful day, cool and clear.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Red Cross fund raising here in Syracuse
has reached $1,250,000….</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">July
4: …no fireworks of any kind here today.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The lid is on tight.</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">July
20:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Warmer and clear.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Everybody is all excited over the draft which
is held today to make a new army of 900,000.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Dwight wasn’t drawn, but Edgar was…I wrote Dwight and sent him clippings
of the draft numbers.</span></i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-vr1X2AfWU1E/Ue2ZiuzpTMI/AAAAAAAAAIw/gjvafuTwrVA/s1600/PTDC0073.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-vr1X2AfWU1E/Ue2ZiuzpTMI/AAAAAAAAAIw/gjvafuTwrVA/s320/PTDC0073.jpg" width="164" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Harry and His Horn</td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Early in 1918, Harry D.
Pomeroy accepted an opportunity that added focus and delight to his life.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He loved music, and that year Semet-Solvay
started a band.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Carl Becker was their
director.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Marching bands and free
concerts were often sponsored by large corporations during the war years. They
helped enliven patriotic sentiments and financial support for the war effort,
while promoting the industry or business.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Pomeroy played the French horn.</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Apr
25, 1918:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>At 2 P.M. the band assembled
at Guild Hall and were provided with linen dusters and white hats and practiced
marching, after which we marched over to the Patrol bldg….At 4 we went to the
armory and participated in the Liberty Loan parade.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>About 50,000 were in it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It took 2:15 to pass.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The biggest ever.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I walked home…</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Apr
30: …Reports from the battle front indicate terrific fighting with great losses
on both sides but with the Allies holding….Donald went out in the eve to sell
thrift stamps</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">May
2: …Band practice at Guild Hall this afternoon from 4 to 6.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We rehearsed three new pieces.</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">June
13: …Becker announced that we would play tomorrow at 11:45 for a flag raising
at the Patrol bldg. also at 2:30 at Split Rock…</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Jun
15: …Clear and cool…We saw the parade of fathers and mothers of soldiers at
4:45.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Secy of the Navy Daniels walked
with Mayor Stone and lieut. Gov. Schoeneck at the head of the parade, and
reviewed it from a stand in front of the Wieting Opera house.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Walked home….</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">June
18: …During the forenoon the War Chest subscription cards were passed out for
signature.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the eve the band played
for a meeting at the old Solvay village hall….</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">June
27: …Another of our band men leaves for “the service,” his name is Northrup,
and he plays the bassoon.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He is to go
into the Naval Recruit Band at Pelham Bay, L. I. </span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">July
2: …On the way home stopped at Foxes and while visiting with them a terrific
explosion occurred at Split Rock and we could see a fire was in progress over
there.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Harry rode out as far as he was
allowed on his wheel.</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">July
3: …the main topic of conversation is the terrible catastrophe of last night at
the rock 40 to 60 dead and 50 or more casualties.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A full report will be impossible for some
days.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Attended prayer meeting in the eve….</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">July
5:…Helen went down to Red Cross work.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The evening papers report 50 bodies found at Split Rock.</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">July
18:…A big victory for American arms in France announced…</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>While
the war lasted four more months, other anxieties gripped Syracuse residents for
weeks.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Sept
23: …when I went to bed I had a chill.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The hospitals are full of soldiers who are afflicted with the Spanish
Influenza,”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>5 deaths today.</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Oct
2 :..Fourteen deaths from influenza epidemic reported today.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Abroad the allies continue to advance.</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Oct.
5: …23 deaths in the city reported from influenza</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Oct.
10: …the influenza epidemic increasing here and through the country<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>38 deaths have occurred in this city during
the last 24 hours.</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Oct
13: …Late in the afternoon Harry and I took a walk up thru Oakwood.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We noted the many new graves as a result of
the epidemic…</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Oct
16:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the afternoon went over to Willis
Ave and had a conference with Dr. Jordan, Wermick, Zohe, and Townsend regarding
arrangement of apparatus for benzaldehyde experiment.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>32 deaths today.</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Nov.
11, 1918:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I was aroused at 3’oclock this
morning by noises of horns, bells, and whistles.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The occasion was the signing of the armistice
terms by german officials.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Hostilities
ceased at 11.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The city began to
celebrate early.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When I went to Solvay
at 8 people were parading.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The band was
called at 8:30 and we made a tour of the works until 11.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>At 2 we met at Guild Hall and took trucks for
downtown and participated in the parade.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The weather was cool and clear.</span></i></span></div>
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</span><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">____________________________</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">NOTES:</span></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">1. Journals & Diaries, by Stacia Kuceyeski,
History WORKS Technician. Online at:
http://backtohistory.osu.edu/tcontent.cfm?id=8</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">2. While Harry D. Pomeroy worked on various designs
and ideas for his employers, he also designed machine projects for private
contractors, and had his name on several patents.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1894, he and two colleague patented
improvements to a chain making machine.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In
Syracuse he worked on the blueprints for Melville Clark’s small harp base in
1911.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>With two colleagues, he received a
patent on a disk record cabinet in 1920. </span></span></div>
Susan Hugheshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06412744821381463346noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3285100268676605169.post-49050069139441366112013-06-28T14:30:00.001-04:002013-06-28T16:13:41.608-04:00Dr. Frederick L. Goddard, Dr. Henry Waldo Coe and Two Very Different Insane Asylums<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">by Kate Corbett Pollack</span><br />
<br />
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">The history
of mental illness has been a long and troubled one in the United States, with
reform coming slowly. There are those that tirelessly dedicate their lives to
change, many of whom have been lost to history and are little known. Their
efforts to enact reform in mental health care often stem from personal
experiences with mental illness, which has resulted in a passion and
understanding others may not possess. This passion is the fuel that these
reformers often use to the end of their lives, working up to their dying day to
help others.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Previous APHGA
blog posts have mentioned Mary Williams Howes (1823-1910), daughter of Lydia
Spaulding and Ezra Howes, granddaughter of Mary Williams and Reverend Josiah
Spaulding of Buckland, Massachusetts. In 1865 she married Peter Goddard, also
of Buckland. She went by Mrs. P.M. Goddard or Mrs. M. W. Goddard from then on.
Mary was born the year Reverend Spaulding and Mary Williams both died. Her
uncle Josiah Spaulding, who was insane and kept in a cage, had been transferred
from the home of Reverend Spaulding to Lydia’s house just prior to Mary’s birth.
Previous blog posts about the Spaulding family say that family letters did not
mention him after about 1812, when he was put in the cage. This is not the
case. After receiving more letters, the APHGA has learned that Josiah was
indeed mentioned.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Deborah
Pomeroy Trowbridge wrote to her sister-in-law, Mary Spaulding of Southampton,
Massachusetts, on November 29th, 1823, the day before Mary Howes was born. She
wanted to let Mary Spaulding know how her brother, with whom she had been very
close, was faring after being moved to Lydia’s house (punctuation added):</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Your Dear Brother is in his new room,
he was put into it Saturday Last. I think he will be comfortable this winter.
Mrs. Townsley<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn1" name="_ednref1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[i]</span></b></span></span></span></a> says it is a warm
room. Deborah has been washing his clothes today, she says you need not be
troubled about Josiah for he will be took as good care of as if his Mother was
alive. For the same ones take care of him now as they did then.</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">This letter
indicates that Josiah’s other sisters, Deborah and Lydia, who had been caring
for him, would continue to now that their mother had passed. Letters between
Josiah and Mary prior to his being caged show that the two had a nice
friendship. Mary was no doubt very concerned with him, and must have felt far
away in Southampton, which was 30 miles from Buckland. In those days, it may as
well have been several states away due to the circumstances of the time period
limiting travel and communication. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Mary Williams
Howes was born the day after the above letter was written. She became a mental
health reformer as an adult, working with her husband and son to open a
therapeutic sanitarium on a mineral hot springs in Alaska for the mentally ill
in the early 1900s. The memory of her uncle’s cage most likely inspired Mary
and by extension, her family, to create a humane environment for people with
mental disorders. Readers can learn more about her in March 2012’s two-part
blog post <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Descendants of Lydia
Spaulding.</i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">At the same
time as Mary, her husband Peter and son Dr. Frederick L. Goddard were working
to create the hot springs asylum, Dr. Henry Waldo Coe, President of the
Sanitarium Co. in Portland, Oregon, was working on a rival contract. The state
of Alaska in the late 1800s to mid 1900s had no asylum for their mentally ill.
Federal funds had been allocated for the creation of an asylum, and the
Goddards were in competition with Henry Waldo Coe over who would receive them. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Henry, who
lived in a mansion at 933 Northwest 25<sup>th</sup> Avenue in Portland, was
successful and well-connected politically. He was president of the Oregon State
Medical Society, whose meetings were sometimes attended by the Mayor of
Portland. Originally from Wisconsin, the son of Dr. Samuel Buell Coe (b. 1835
in Randolph, Portage County, Ohio) and Mary Jane Cronkhite (b. 1835 in Oneonta,
Otsego County, New York), Henry Waldo Coe began his education at the University
of Michigan at Ann Arbor. His father, also a physician, was a surgeon in the
Union Army during the Civil War. Like Dr. Frederick L. Goddard, Coe went on to
graduate from the Long Island College Hospital in New York in 1880, seven years
before Frederick did. After graduating, Dr. Coe moved to the Dakota Territory
and worked as a physician in Mandan, also serving as that town’s Mayor. It was
in the Dakota Territory that he met and began a lifelong friendship with Theodore
Roosevelt. There he also met Viola Mae Boley, the daughter of Honorable Elijah
Boley and Sarah Llewellyn of Indiana. Henry and Viola were married on June 24<sup>th</sup>,
1882. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Viola Mae Coe
was also a physician. A graduate of the Woman’s Hospital Medical College of
Chicago, Viola began her career as a schoolteacher, and received her medical
degree after giving birth to her first child, George Clifford. George was born
in North Dakota in 1885. In 1890, Dr. Coe and Viola moved to Portland and began
work to open Morningside Hospital, an asylum for the mentally ill. The couple
had two more sons in Oregon, Wayne Walter (b. 1894) and Earle Alphonso (b.
1896). Viola was one of only five women physicians in the Portland area at the
time. She became a founding member of Portland’s first Women’s Medical Society,
and had her own private practice. Henry by this time was specializing in
nervous disorders and mental illness, and the asylum project was an extension
of this.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">The asylum
was founded in 1899 and built on 47 acres of formerly agricultural land in East
Portland on 96<sup>th</sup> and 102<sup>nd</sup> avenues, and Stark and Main
streets. Originally, it was not a large asylum building, but a system of
cottages. A 1903 advertisement from the Pacific Medical Journal shows “Mt.
Tabor (Dr. Coe’s) Nervous Sanitarium”. At the time, the asylum consisted of six
buildings “situated in Portland’s most desirable suburb…and it is exclusively
for the care of NERVOUS DISEASES”. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also on
the property was Mindease Retreat, which promised treatment for “selected cases
of alcoholism, drug addiction and DISEASES OF THE MIND.” Pictures in the ad
feature pastoral scenes and stick-style cottages bordered with Art Nouveau
fences. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Around this
same time, Dr. Frederick L. Goddard had taken over the Western Washington
Hospital for the Insane at Steilacoom. His parents had moved to Washington with
him. Before his arrival in 1900, the hospital had been run by a businessman,
and had developed a reputation as being a sort of Bedlam, neglectful of
patients and not a pleasant place to be. Frederick’s management brought
sweeping changes to the institution, including the release of many patients who
had been committed for things like menstrual disorders and masturbation. Dr.
Goddard was not interested in keeping the mentally ill in chains. He patented
his own system of humane cloth and leather restraints and also thought highly
of the use of water for treatment. Many of his reforms of the Washington Asylum
centered on water, and he updated and enlarged the bathing area which he wrote
in a report had been “repulsive”. He also directed water from a local spring
for the asylum’s use to irrigate the grounds, on which vegetables and trees
were planted. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Previous APHGA
blog posts on Mary, Peter and Dr. Frederick Goddard mention their Buckland,
Massachusetts roots, but the family moved quite a bit. After meeting in
Buckland, Frederick’s parents, Mary and Peter were married in Philadelphia and
then moved to Brooklyn, where Peter worked as a cotton merchant. Frederick was
Mary’s step-son, and was born in Buckland in 1862. His mother, Climera Mallory
(1835-1864), died when he was a baby, and Mary and Peter were married soon
after her death. Mary and Peter had begun courting when Mary returned to
Buckland after teaching school in the antebellum South and working as a nurse
under famed mental health activist Dorothea Dix for the Union Army. She had
returned to Buckland because one of her last surviving family members was dying
- her stepmother, Lois Warrniner, who had been caring for Mary’s caged and
insane Uncle Josiah for decades in the family home. Josiah Spaulding had
outlived almost every one of his family members (with the exception of Deborah
Pomeroy Trowbridge, who lived to be 90), all of whom died from epidemic
disease. Mary had grown up with her caged uncle in her house. He was first
cared for by her mother, Lydia. After Lydia died in 1836 from tuberculosis, Mary’s
father married Lois, who took over Josiah’s care. When Lois died, it was up to
Mary to see that Josiah and his cage had somewhere to go. It had been many
years since Josiah’s limbs had atrophied from being caged for so long. Mary was
living in Philadelphia at the time and could not bring him with her. In what
must have been a very painful decision, Mary saw that he was transferred to the
Deerfield County Poor Farm. He would die there two years later, at age 81. He
had spent 57 years of his life in the cage. Experiencing the treatment of the mentally
ill this way must have left an indelible mark on Mary’s mind. There was no
other place that Josiah could go in the area, and there never had been. Peter,
who grew up in Buckland, also knew of Josiah (as everyone did) and was with
Mary during the difficult time of Lois’ death and Josiah’s transfer to the Poor
Farm. The fact that their son became a physician specializing in the treatment
of the mentally ill was most likely influenced by their past with Josiah, a
story Mary and Peter must have told Frederick when he was growing up. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Mary and
Peter knew firsthand what could happen when there was no place for the mentally
ill to go, and no available treatment for them. Like Dorothea Dix, the family
understood the need to create asylums in places where there were none.
Frederick left the Western Washington Hospital for the Insane in the early
1900s, moving to Alaska to speculate in Gold and work as a physician at the
Treadwell Mine. He moved to Juneau with his family: wife Mary Clunas (the
couple married in 1890 in Tacoma) and children Erwin Mallory (b.1891) and
Dorothy (b. 1899). Mary and Peter, now elderly, went with them. After moving to
Washington, Peter had become a plumber, which was fitting with his son’s
water-based ideas of mental health therapy. Peter would be involved in the
development of the mineral hot springs asylum, which Frederick and his partner,
Dr. E.J. Brooks, bought in 1905 in Sitka, Alaska. The modest asylum started out
like Dr. Coe’s Mindease retreat: it wasn’t a large hospital but the beginnings
of what the family hoped would become Alaska’s first asylum for the mentally
ill. Government contracts and support could help to make it large enough and
equipped to accommodate more people over the years. Dr. Goddard chose the spot
for its healing mineral waters, which he would incorporate into the care of his
patients. The spot had been used by local Native Alaskans for its curative
powers for thousands of years, and was considered a sacred spot.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Alaska’s
mentally ill were being shipped by this time to Dr. Henry Waldo Coe’s
Morningside Hospital, which had come to fruition in 1905 in a large building
that the doctor purchased and had moved to his land at 10008 Southeast Stark
Street. A mentally ill person in Alaska would be sent before a judge, declared
insane, arrested, and put in chains like a criminal and sent to prison before
being eventually shipped to Portland. This type of treatment of the mentally
ill was exactly what Dr. Goddard was against. In the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Biennial Report of the Western Washington Hospital for the Insane,
Years 1896-7-8, </i>Dr. Goddard wrote:</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The
law however should be changed so that the trial for the commitment of an insane
person would differ from that of a criminal, and the conveying of the insane to
the hospital should be placed in hands of parties educated in the management of
the insane rather than those who are constantly dealing with the criminal. A
great saving could be made to the state if the patients were conveyed to the
hospital by qualified hospital attendants, and would be much more humane<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn2" name="_ednref2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Dr. Coe had
been awarded a contract from the U.S. Department of the Interior in 1904 to
care for mentally ill and developmentally disabled people from Alaska. This
included many members of Alaska’s Native American tribes. Dr. Frederick Goddard
and his family at this time had been petitioning the government for that same
contract, which would allow patients to go to their Hot Springs Asylum. Dr.
Coe’s wealth and political connections to then president Roosevelt, his old
friend from the Dakota Territory, most likely did not hurt his chances in getting
the contract. He even gifted the city of Portland with a statue of Theodore
Roosevelt.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Dr. Coe’s
Sanitarium Company reaped the benefits of this government contract, with
hundreds of Alaskan patients being transferred to his facility, which also
housed children. Running this facility made Dr. Coe a wealthy man. His banking
and real estate interests served to increase that wealth. Maintaining his
contract with the government was vital to his operation’s success. Dr.
Frederick Goddard had to abandon the idea of a hot springs asylum and instead
turned the site into a hotel. He continued trying to get the contract until at
least 1915, bidding in his proposal to the Department of the Interior that he
could save them money, needing only $27 per patient per month. It was the
lowest bid for the care of Alaska’s patients. Other hospitals in Washington and
Oregon had also made bids, but Dr. Coe’s Sanitarium Company and Morningside won
the contract again.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn3" name="_ednref3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Morningside
Hospital had come under scrutiny in 1915 for never releasing patients, and for
housing them so far away from their homes, among other complaints, some from
patients. Dr. Coe refuted these charges in a letter to the government, calling them
“malicious”.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn4" name="_ednref4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></a> Viola
Mae Coe also denied the accusations.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn5" name="_ednref5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[v]</span></span></span></span></a>
Other complaints were levied against the institution, which compelled Dr. Coe
to put together a book entitled “The Insane of Alaska” in 1917, dedicating it
to the Governor and legislators of Alaska in response to the bad reputation the
hospital was getting. He offered as explanation: “Many of the insane believe
that they are being unlawfully detained, discharged nurses are sometimes
resentful, and there is always the local politician…seeking the establishment
of an insane asylum in [his community’s] midst.” The book featured pleasing
photographs of patients sitting comfortably outdoors on manicured lawns, engaged
in activity, and rows of clean, nicely made up beds. Dr. Coe wrote later in the
book that “As long as the insane are cared for, complaints will be made as to
such care, regardless of where the patient may be treated…probably 99 out of
every 100 complaints are the result of insane delusions…”<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn6" name="_ednref6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[vi]</span></span></span></span></a>
A government inspection also cleared the institution of any wrongdoing.
However, patients in this era often were institutionalized for no real reason,
and were not allowed to leave the hospital. Their presence meant money for the
institution and their free labor on the grounds and in the buildings often
helped a place run at less expense. The hospital had an incentive to keep
patients committed. People would often be committed for normal life stresses
and kept in institutions until they died. But according to Dr. Coe, any
complaint should not be entertained, as it was an “insane” person making it.
Dr. Coe also stressed that Oregon was a much better climate for the mentally
ill than Alaska, failing to recognize the more temperate parts of the state
such as Sitka, which is closer to Washington.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">After losing
the contract yet again, Dr. Frederick Goddard resorted to having a private
practice, as he had done in Juneau. He owned a house in Sitka, where the whole
family lived. Mary Williams Howes wrote to her Alma Matter, Mount Holyoke
Female Seminary in South Hadley, Massachusetts, to have books shipped to Sitka
for the grandchildren, working to almost her dying day to keep the family
educated. She would die in 1910. Her husband Peter passed in 1912. Dr.
Frederick would die in 1932 of a cerebral hemorrhage. Erwin Mallory,
Frederick’s son, went on to be mayor of Sitka. </span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Morningside
Asylum continued to transfer patients from Alaska, admitting almost 5,000 up to
the hospital’s close in 1968. Dr. Henry Waldo Coe’s son, Wayne, took over the
institution after his father’s death in 1927. Dr. Coe was a well-loved man
around Portland and his memorial in an Oregon paper said of him, “His was a
life lived in the fullest-beautiful in all its acts; carrying in his heart, as
a guiding star, the thought of making the world better for having lived in it.
He was thoughtful, considerate and courageous; kind towards all fellowmen, the
widow and the orphan, the great and the small…courageous to the last.”<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn7" name="_ednref7" style="mso-endnote-id: edn7;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[vii]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">During the
1940s an inspection of Morningside found that most of its patients had no
official diagnosis and were receiving little to no psychiatric treatment. In
1956 the U.S. General Accounting Office investigated the hospital and
discovered that it was taking in excessive profits from inflating expenses. The
Daily Alaska Dispatch on April 4<sup>th</sup>, 1950 published an article
decrying the horrific conditions the mentally ill were being kept in while
waiting in Alaska’s prisons for transport to Morningside:</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Anchorage's
Federal jail was criticized as a "fabulous obscenity" by an Interior
department investigation committee report in commenting on the conditions under
which insane persons must be held while awaiting transportation to the State…Dr.
Fred Goddard, late owner of Goddard Hot Springs and an experienced
psychiatrist, seeing the need for a mental hospital in Alaska established such
an institution at the springs a number of years ago. He believed the therapeutic
value of the waters was such that a great number of the mentally disturbed
could be relieved. His venture was unsuccessful because of the archaic laws
dealing with the insane in the territory.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn8" name="_ednref8" style="mso-endnote-id: edn8;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[viii]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Sadly, the
conditions Dr. Goddard spent his adult life fighting to eliminate were still
the case twenty years after his death. These conditions were also the ones
Dorothea Dix saw in the 1840s when she visited a prison where mentally ill
people were kept. Over 100 years later, not much had changed. The conditions
were indeed archaic. The investigation into the Federal Jail in Alaska
thankfully led to legislation being changed. The Alaskan Mental Health Enabling
Act was passed in 1956, which ended the transferal of patients to Portland.
Alaska developed its own mental health system in the 1960s.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">The insane
asylum as a repository for federal money was a new era in American asylums, and
not a more humane one by any means. Dr. Coe’s hospital was not designed to treat
patients as much as it was to house them. Psychotropic drugs replaced locked
wards into the 1940s, keeping patients in a heavy stupor. If Dr. Goddard’s
reforms at Steilcoom were any indication, he was not interested in profit, but
in treatment and care, going so far as to design an asylum that was
revolutionary for its day. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Today, over
500,000 mentally ill people are housed in America’s prisons, which PBS recently
called “The New Asylums”. No effective system was designed to replace the
asylums as they began closing their doors in the 1960s-1980s. Dr. Goddard’s
model of a humane, beautiful and calming hot springs asylum could have offered
better treatment, and can be looked at as a model of what treatment could be
like. Instead of locked wards and solitary confinement, where many mentally ill
people continue to find themselves over 170 years after Dorothea Dix first
brought the problem of the mentally ill being imprisoned to light, a
treatment-focused program that is respectful of the patient and does not treat
them as an inmate could be beneficial. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/null" name="_GoBack"></a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Today, there
are many families who do not know what happened to a relative in their family
tree. When a person was transferred to an insane asylum during this era, they
were often never heard from again, and buried in an unmarked grave. There is
currently a project to find patients who were transferred to Morningside
hospital from Alaska. In looking over archival documents from Morningside, many
of the names on the lists are those of Native Alaskans. In the early 19<sup>th</sup>
century, many Native Americans were removed from their homes and sent to Indian
Schools or other institutions where attempts were made to assimilate them into
white culture. Morningside was one of these institutions. It is difficult to
say how Dr. Goddard would have handled this had his therapeutic Hot Springs been
a success, but at least people wouldn’t have been completely transferred out of
their state. Portland was a great distance from many parts of the Alaskan
Territory. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div style="mso-element: endnote-list;">
<br clear="all" />
<hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" />
<div id="edn1" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref1" name="_edn1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[i]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Family friend and neighbor Submit
Townsly, who features prominently in the Spaulding letters.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="edn2" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref2" name="_edn2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></span></a><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Biennial
Report of the Western Washington Hospital for the Insane, Years 1896-7-8</span></i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">, Located at Fort Steilacoom. 49.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="edn3" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref3" name="_edn3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> Insane Care from Alaska is Described
article, Daily Alaska Dispatch, Juneau, Juneau County, Alaska, 8 Jun 1916, p.
2/col. 2 & 3</span></div>
</div>
<div id="edn4" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref4" name="_edn4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Coe, Henry Waldo, M.D. "A
Detailed Report of the Patients Who Have Been or Are Now under Our Charge as
Insane from the District of Alaska." Letter to To the Honorable Secretary
of the Interior, Washington, D.C. 26 June 1916. MS. The Sanitarium Company,
Portland, Oregon.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="edn5" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref5" name="_edn5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[v]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Viola at this time was heavily
involved in the women’s suffrage movement in Oregon and in 1912 had become chair
of the Oregon State Equal Suffrage Association. That year Oregon women won the
right to vote.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="edn6" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref6" name="_edn6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[vi]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Coe, Henry Waldo, M.D., comp. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Insane of Alaska: Cared for by the
Sanitarium Company at Portland, Oregon, under Supervision of the Department of
the Interior.</i> Portland, OR: Boyer Printing, 1917. Print. 26.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="edn7" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref7" name="_edn7" style="mso-endnote-id: edn7;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[vii]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">"Henry Waldo Coe, M.D."
Multnomah County OR Archives Biographies.USGenWeb Archives, 25 May 2007. Web.
17 Dec. 2012. <www .usgwarchives.net="">.</www></span></div>
</div>
<div id="edn8" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref8" name="_edn8" style="mso-endnote-id: edn8;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[viii]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Anchorage's Federal jail was
criticized as a "fabulous obscenity" article, Daily Sitka Sentinel,
Sitka, Sitka County, Alaska, 4 Apr 1950, p. 2/col. 1 & 2</span></div>
</div>
</div>
Susan Hugheshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06412744821381463346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3285100268676605169.post-25115223307041565222013-06-21T13:37:00.000-04:002013-06-21T13:37:28.464-04:00Deeds, Sometimes the Payout is Worth the Tedium!<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">by Nancy Maliwesky</span><br />
<br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">I received a letter from APHGA researcher Dolores J.,
regarding her ancestor, Nelson Phineas Pomeroy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>We’ve been puzzling over the parentage of Nelson for a few years
now.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>From what we’ve learned, Nelson was
born 24 Jan 1813 in New York State.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He
married Jemima Minerva Hutchinson about 1838 in New York State, and died 3 Feb
1887 in Allen, Dixon County, Nebraska.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">According to an affidavit dated 18 Sep 1820 in the
Revolutionary War pension of Phineas Pomeroy of Union, Broome County, New York,
Nelson an “adopted son aged 7 years old” was living with Phineas and his wife
Rebecca.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Phineas identified himself in
this affidavit as 65 years old, and his wife as 62 years old.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Nelson and
his family are found in Woodhull, Steuben County, New York according to the
1840 U.S. Federal Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He is also
enumerated there on 23 Aug 1850.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 22
Jun 1860, he is enumerated with his family in Avon, Rock County,
Wisconsin.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 4 Jun 1880 he is
enumerated with his wife in Springbank, Dixon County, Nebraska.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 9 Jun 1885 he is enumerated in Midway
Borough, Spring Bank Precinct, Dixon County, Nebraska in the Nebraska State
Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was buried in the Eastview
Cemetery in Allen, Dixon County, Nebraska.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">We first
looked at Phineas and Rebecca Pomeroy’s sons as being most likely the father of
Nelson.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>William, the eldest son, born 29
Jan 1781 in Hancock, Berkshire County, Massachusetts, married Polly Yeomans 16
Jan 1817 in Campbellstown, Steuben County, New York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While William is certainly old enough to have
been the father of Nelson, we have no indication that he married prior to his
marriage to Polly.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Reuben Pomeroy,
Phineas and Rebecca’s second son, was born 10 Jan 1783 and married Esther
Bradley about 1805 in Genoa, Cayuga County, New York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He died 20 Jul 1812 in King Ferry, Cayuga
County, New York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While Nelson may be
the son of Reuben, we have found no evidence to connect them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Reuben’s widow Esther married as her second
husband Darius Adams, had two children that we know of and died 22 Sep 1817 in
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">James
Pomeroy, the third son of Phineas and Rebecca, was born 30 Apr 1787 and little
is known of him.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was enumerated as
head of household in Union, Broome County, New York in the 1820 U.S. Federal
Census, where he is also found in 1830.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>James is the only male listed in the household.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There are five free white females in the
household between the ages of 5 and 20, according to the 1830 Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We assume that these young women are James’ daughters.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>James is certainly old enough to be Nelson’s
father, and he is living in the same town that his father lived in, but if this
were the case, why would James send his only son to live with his father when
he had his own farm to run.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In Phineas’ Revolutionary
War pension application he states that he is infirm.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Perhaps James sent Nelson to live with his
father and mother to help them with their farm.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>But why would Phineas state that Nelson was an adopted son if Nelson’s
parents were still alive?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Phineas
Pomeroy, Jr., the youngest son of Phineas and Rebecca, was born 19 Apr 1792 in
Connecticut.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There are several
conflicting records regarding Phineas’ wife or wives.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Some sources identify one wife, Catherine
Goldsmith, whom he married about 1820.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>At
least nine children are associated with this marriage, the oldest, Grove
Pomeroy, was born about 1821 in New York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Was Phineas married prior to his marriage to Catherine, and did his
first wife die young, after giving birth to a son, Nelson?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Could this explain why Nelson was identified
as the adopted son of Phineas’ parents?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Phineas, Jr., is enumerated in Woodhull, Steuben County, New York
according to the 1830 US Federal Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Nelson was found in Woodhull in 1840, so this might suggest a father/son
relationship. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Dolores,
in her letter dated 10 June 2013 states “Recently I came across a clue, but
have no proof, that Nelson’s father is JAMES POMEROY, born 20 April 1787 (sic)
NY Died 28 April 1850 Broom co Poor House.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>He was overseer of the poor in Broom co and also in the war of 1812.”
Dolores asks whether we have any further information regarding James and his
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Dolores goes
on to point out that Nelson Phineas Pomeroy named his first son James McBurney
Pomeroy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Is this an indication that his
father’s name was James?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Could McBurney
be his wife’s maiden name?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When I looked
at James Pomeroy in our database, I realized that we have very little
information regarding him, so I thought I would look for probate records for
James in Broome County, New York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These
records are available for browsing at familysearch.org.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While I found some scant probate records for
Phineas, James’ father, who died intestate (without a will) I did not find any
records for James.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I then decided to
look at the New York Land Records for Broome County, New York available through
familysearch.org. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">I first
checked the Grantor/Grantee Indices for 1806-1843.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I found two early land transactions for
Phineas Pomeroy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The first was a deed
signed 15 Dec 1796 wherein William Lusk and his wife Sally, of Canaan, Columbia
County, New York sold to Phinehas Pomeroy of Canaan land on lot number 167 in
Nanticoke Township in Union, Broome County, New York for £128.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This deed was recorded 23 Jan 1807.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The second deed shows Phinehas and Rebeckah
Pomeroy of Union, selling land on lot 167 in Nanticoke to William Lusk of
Canaan for $545.86.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I found several land
transactions for James Pomeroy, both buying and selling property.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Surprisingly, there are also several land
transactions for a George Pomeroy.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">On 23 Mar
1813, Aaron Allen and his wife Hannah, of Union, Broome County, New York, sold
to James Pomeroy, also of Union, for $525, land situated on Chocanut Creek,
including a stream of water and a mill.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>On 11 Jan 1814, James Pomeroy and wife Betsey of Union, sold to
Joseph<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>and Benjamin Chambers of Union,
for $550, one half of a certain sawmill situated on Chocanut Creek along with a
stream of water where a mill was located.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">On 10 May
1815, William Cafferty and Prudence his wife, of Union, sold to James Pomeroy
of Union, for $1,200, lot 108 in Nanticoke.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>On 3 Aug 1816, James Pomeroy of Union sold to Reuben Coe of Union for
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with one half of a dwelling house and saw mill.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This is a very interesting record.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>First off, there is no mention of Betsey, James wife.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Had she died?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The reason that wives were listed in deeds where their husbands are
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property owned by her husband.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In order
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who was Reuben Coe?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was he related in
some way to James?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Why would James sell
half of his dwelling house to Reuben?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Was he living in the other half?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">On 25 Sep
1816 Reuben Coe of Union, sold to James Pomeroy of Union for $300, three
fourths of the land on lot 108 in Nanticoke Township, on which stood the saw
mill and log and lumber yard, and half the dwelling house and sawmill.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was this just a way of transferring money, or
perhaps a short loan of that money, using the property as collateral?</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">In 1824
there are a series of deeds in which James Pomeroy and George Keeler are buying
or selling land on lot 106 in Nanticoke.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>In the first deed they are buying the right to build or continue a dam
on the property of William Hutchinson.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>After this agreement there are several deeds which show George and James
sharing property on lot 106 in Nanticoke which includes a saw mill and grist
mill.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On 12 Aug 1860 James Pomeroy and
Betsey his wife (she’s alive!) of Union, sold to George Keeler of Union “all
that part of lot 108 in Nanticoke” where the mills are located for $250.00.</span></div>
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<![endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">On 4 Apr 1829 James Pomeroy and Betsey his wife, of Union (written in
deed as James Pumpelly) sold to James Van Demack of Owego, Tioga County, New
York lot 108 in Nanticoke, the “same property conveyed to George Keeler” on 12
Aug 1826.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Did George default on
payments?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is the last deed entry I
have been able to find for James Pomeroy in Broome County, New York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The last record we have for James his enumeration
as head of household in Union, in the 1830 U.S. Federal Census.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Turns out
that the George Pomeroy found in the Broome County land records was the son of
Quartus and Rachel Pomeroy, and husband of Anne “Nancy” Cooper, daughter of
William Cooper.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Anne’s father William
had bequeathed to Anne the sum of $50,000 in his will.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>William’s estate the transfered of 11 lots of
land containing 1,197 acres of property in Chenango, Broome County, valued at
$4,788 to Anne Pomeroy as part of her settlement.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The subsequent sale of those 11 lots of land are
recorded in the Broome County Deed books.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">So, what
have we learned about James from reviewing these land records?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>First off, his wife’s name was Betsey.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We didn’t know that before this search.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Secondly, it appears that James was a miller.
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Thirdly, it appears that he sold his
property in 1829.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Another interesting
fact learned from reviewing these deeds is that fact that Phineas and Rebecca
were living in Canaan, Columbia County, New York prior to moving to Broome
County.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I guess it’s time to go look at
those deeds! <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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Susan Hugheshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06412744821381463346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3285100268676605169.post-42369786096019257412013-06-03T15:28:00.000-04:002013-06-03T15:28:21.482-04:00Roy Pomeroy, The life of an Artist Part II: From England to Ohio and New York.<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">by Kate Corbett
Pollack</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">What happened to Roy
Pomeroy in the years preceding his Hollywood arrival?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There is much more to his story, and
continued research has revealed more details. </span></div>
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<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">After the death of
Roy’s father, William Henry Jobbins, Jeanette and the boys moved back to
England. Jeannette, then in her thirties, found herself a widow who needed to
provide for two young boys. She had been studying and developing her ideas on
aesthetics and cosmetology for many years, and in 1895 started a company using
the Pomeroy name she so cherished: <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mrs.
Pomeroy.</i> In an interview from the era, Jeannette said she wanted to be able
to give her boys a good education, which was the impetus for starting her
company.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn1" name="_ednref1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[i]</span></span></span></span></a>It
was on Old Bond St. in London, and specialized in several areas of beauty,
including electrolysis, dermatology, and hair and nail care, and carried a line
of cosmetics. Her shop was right next to the Royal Arcade, a mall where Queen
Victoria’s tailor worked. Bond Street was known for its affluent, high society
patrons. By 1905, the company had become a success, and Jeannette was famous
for her ideas on improving one’s countenance without surgery using the powers
of the mind, a technique she claimed to have learned in India. Mrs. Pomeroy had
shops in Dublin, Glasgow, and Birmingham, and Cape Town and Johannesburg in
South Africa. Her advertisements promised that “Mrs. Pomeroy can do more for
your face than anyone else in the world.” <a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn2" name="_ednref2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The Rome Daily
Sentinel (Rome, New York) announced in its November 24, 1905 edition that Mrs.
Jeannette Pomeroy, “female scientist” would be visiting the United States for a
tour. The article mentioned that Jeannette had studied “Asiatic and European
races”, and suggested that some of Jeannette’s thoughts on beauty were
controversial:</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">“As soon as Mrs. Pomeroy has
scientifically ascertained the percentage of beauty in the American women, a
purpose for which she intends making a tour of the continent, and has
discovered whether the trend of physical charms is progressive or retrogressive
she will conduct a series of free lectures in which she will point out the
racial faults in form and face, locate the causes and suggest the remedies.” </span></i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Jeannette’s
secretary, Charles Helmstreet, explained her intentions to the press in this
same article:</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“This is altogether an aesthetic and not an
ethical movement…As a lover of the beautiful she desires that all people become
physically perfect. She spent years in India, where she was born and where she
learned how to direct the mind so that it may have an influence over physical
defects.” </i></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">During this time
period, it was not uncommon, even among progressives, to believe that certain
features and traits were genetic flaws and could be scientifically “corrected”
or eliminated in order to fit an idealized vision of human perfection. Ideas
like Jeannette’s parallel the Eugenics movement, which in the early 20th
Century was accepted as scientific by the United States and many European
continues. </span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">By about 1906, the
company went into voluntary liquidation due to a hostile business takeover that
Jeanette had trouble navigating. A group of businessmen wished to capitalize
off her success, and were able to legally gain rights to <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mrs. Pomeroy.</i> A new company was formed by her rivals called <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mrs. Pomeroy Ltd.</i> Men hadn’t previously
been a large part of her business, which had a confidential nature due to women
wishing to keep their beauty rituals a secret. Jeannette likely faced backlash
from her loyal customers who did not wish for men to be involved. She separated
from James Scale at the time and started another business, attempting to
continue using the Pomeroy name and retain her original customer base. However,
she was not legally able to do so, despite the fact that she had her name and
that of her sons changed to Pomeroy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Jeanette
was ruined.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Defeated, Jeannette
and her sons boarded an ocean liner for America. Her mother lived in Delaware,
Ohio, where the family would stay. They arrived in America on March 30th, 1908.
Roy was 15 and Arthur was 17. Their grandmother, Jeanette Gallagher Shepard<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn3" name="_ednref3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></a>,
was the matron of a house which boarded students on the Ohio Wesleyan College
of Liberal Arts campus. The family went to live at the house, which was home to
an eclectic mix of people including a family of four children whose parents
were missionaries to South America. Roy was shortly afterwards accepted to the
college. </span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Roy may not have
ever known his biological father, who died when he was a year old, but he did
inherit William’s artistic talent, as well as his mother’s scientific leanings.
Roy studied electrical engineering at Ohio Wesleyan University, starting his
freshman year at age 15. Arthur, also highly intelligent, had gone to Illinois
to study entomology. By 1913, when he was 22 years old, Arthur was an
entomologist at the United States Bureau of Entomology in Washington, DC. While
Arthur had gone off on his own, Roy and his mother stuck together. She went
with him wherever he traveled.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In 1913 Roy and his
mother moved to Indianapolis, Indiana, where Roy had a studio in the Union
Trust building. His illustrations appeared in the Indianapolis Star. Roy and
Jeannette had an apartment on Julian Avenue in that city. It appears that the
young man was taking care of and supporting his mother, who at this time was in
her 60s.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">By 1915, Roy was
enrolled at the Art Academy of Cincinnati in Ohio, where he would study under
Frank Duveneck, a talented artist who was a contemporary of Roy’s father and
James McNeill Whistler’s back in 1880s Venice. Duveneck had been in Venice with
a group of students at the time, and they had become enthralled with Whistler,
who relished the attention and volunteered to show them some of his techniques
(William Henry Jobbins, who disliked Whistler, was undoubtedly rolling his eyes
the entire time.)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Duveneck became a
father-figure and mentor for Roy, and in his later biographies, Roy would
credit the college and Duveneck as major influences on his career.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">While in Ohio, Roy
took a job as an artist for the Cincinnati Times-Star and the Dayton Journal,
and did illustrations for Scribner’s, one of the most popular magazines in the
country at the time. He also took a post-graduate course in “photographic
chemistry”, according to his bio in the 1940 issue of Camera Craft magazine.
Shortly after his graduation, Roy and Jeanette moved to New York. There Roy
began his work as a portrait painter and scenic artist, as outlined in Part I
of the story. However, there is much more to Roy’s New York years than initially
written about in that post.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">After his return to
New York from WWI where he developed cameras for the Royal Air Force, Roy had
developed a friendship with a handsome, enterprising young man who had similar
interests: Nicholas Vladimir de Lippe Lipsky, a Russian prince who had arrived
in New York in 1920 as part of the ballet company of Anna Pavlova. Anna Pavlova
(1881-1931) was the first ballerina to tour the world, and founded her own
ballet company. Roy had been given $50,000 by the British government for his
camera inventions used during the war. He would have had the money at this time
to keep up with a crowd of aristocratic people.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn4" name="_ednref4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">deLipsky had studied
art, music and chemistry in Russia at the Imperial Universities, and had
exhibited his theatre lighting and designs for European royalty. He was a
master of innovative theatre lighting and used colored lights to create effects
never before seen on the stage. Due to complex circumstances in Europe
including the Russian Revolution, Lippe first traveled to Buckingham palace to
stay, and found his way to America from there with Anna’s company by 1920.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Nicholas de Lipsky
was well-received in New York, and designed sets for the Manhattan Opera House,
the Criterion Theatre, and the Greenwich Village Follies. He also studied
photography, and was able to transform negatives, using chemicals to make some
aspects of photographs appear and others to disappear. He used a similar
concept with his stage sets, making a scene change from night to day, inside to
outside, and wintertime to summer in a matter of seconds. This was highly
original and innovative for the early 20th century. An October, 1921 article in
the New York Evening Post reported that de Lipsky “revolutionized the concept
of stage setting in the theatre that has been built up laboriously in the last
fifty years.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>deLipsky’s innovations in
photography were similar to Roy Pomeroy’s, and by 1921, local theatre news was
reporting that the two men had teamed up to create stage effects for the
Greenwich Village Follies . They also worked together on photoplays, which were
films taken of the stage. Their work was clearly impressive and often
astounding, according to newspaper and magazine articles from the era, which
covered many of their projects.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Around this time,
Roy met his future wife, Miss Sylvia Jewel, whose real name was Elizabeth
Whittaker. Sylvia had moved to the city from Kentucky. She was born in Paris,
Bourbon County, on 11 March 1894 to C. G. Whittaker and Sarah Newman. An
aspiring actress, Sylvia worked as an artist’s model, and was very well-known
as one of the most famous models around. In the April 24<sup>th</sup>, 1919
edition of the Fort Wayne News Sentinel of Indiana, Sylvia was called “the
perfect woman”:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">“The perfect woman has been
found. At least that is the belief of many of the best known artists of New
York. She is Miss Sylvia Jewel and she lives in a tiny room on the top of one
of New York’s skyscrapers. Perhaps her wonderful golden hair has pleased you on
the cover of your favorite magazine or her pretty face in the illustrations of
the latest books.</span></i><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn5" name="_ednref5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[v]</span></span></span></span></span></a></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The couple most
likely met when Sylvia posed for one of Roy’s many illustrations at his
artist’s studio. Sylvia was part of a group of artists called “The Society of
Illustrators”, formed in 1901 to promote art and illustrations and have
occasional exhibits. Women were not initially allowed in the group, but Sylvia
had performed with them in a stage show at the Garden Theatre in 1919, the year
before they decided to admit women, and John Jacob Astor was in the audience.
It is possible Sylvia’s talent influenced the group’s decision. Among the
members was Charles Dana Gibson, creator of the Gibson Girl, and Frank Godwin,
illustrator and comic artist. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Sylvia was the
subject of American Impressionist Childe Hassam’s oil painting “Sylvia Jewell”
which was exhibited at the Albright Art Gallery in Buffalo, New York in
September of 1920.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn6" name="_ednref6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[vi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When Sylvia wasn’t modeling, according to the
1920 census, she worked in the movies. In 1922, she was working for the Spencer
Lens Company in New York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is possible
that Sylvia’s connections led Roy to become introduced to Hollywood producer
Jesse L. Lasky.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Roy’s Hollywood
opportunity couldn’t have come at a better time: he had become embroiled in
highly publicized scandal involving Nicholas de Lipsky. The married prince had
been living with his mistress, Countess Claude de Montesse, in a rooming-house
on West 88th St in Manhattan, under the guise that they were brother and
sister. The Countess became pregnant, and an illegal abortion was performed by
a private doctor. The Countess as a result became septic. Abortion, illegal in
the United States before 1973, was sometimes performed in seclusion by a doctor
in a woman’s home for a few thousand dollars. Often, a doctor did not know how
to do one, and when the woman began to die, the doctor would flee the scene in
order to avoid prosecution. This is what happened in the case of the Countess.
As she languished, slowly and painfully dying, Roy and Nicholas frantically
rushed to find a doctor who would treat her. Roy called his own doctor, who
arrived at the scene, took one look at the dying Countess and refused to have
anything to do with it. He knew she had received an illegal abortion, so he
would not treat her. Nicholas managed to procure another doctor to operate, but
by then, it was too late. The Countess died from septic peritonitis. The story
would not have come to light if it hadn’t been for another brewing scandal:
Nicholas’ estranged wife, Elaine, began a divorce proceeding in 1923, alleging
that he had run off with her sister. Princess Elaine de Lipsky went to the
press, and told them every sordid detail involving the Prince that she could
think of, including the death of the Countess.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn7" name="_ednref7" style="mso-endnote-id: edn7;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[vii]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The story had so
many layers of scandal: royal intrigue, illegal abortion, adultery and death; newspapers
and tabloids pounced on it, running regular features. Roy Pomeroy’s name was
frequently mentioned in conjunction with the story. A December, 1923 New York
Times article reported that the police were looking to question him. Jesse L.
Lasky’s arrival in Roy’s life had occurred at the perfect time, and provided
him with a chance to leave New York for Hollywood at the height of the scandal.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Jeanette had
continued to live with Roy this entire time, and was even mentioned in part of
the scandal with Lipsky. She was the one who told de Lipsky’s landlord that he
and the countess were not brother and sister. It appears at this time that Roy
must have been out of money and unable to support his mother, because she was
deported third class back to England. Perhaps his extravagant lifestyle with de
Lipsky had drained his finances. Maintaining a studio in Manhattan, funding
inventions and dating the most sought-after artist’s model in the city most
likely contributed to his financial strains.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">After arriving in
California, Roy and Sylvia were married in Los Angeles in 1922. It seems she
may have settled into married life at the time, because little is known about
her after this date. Roy’s mother retired in England, where she died in
Dartford, Kent in 1932. And in 1947, Roy took an overdose of sleeping pills.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">What caused Roy to
commit suicide? Both he and his mother reached very high levels of success,
only to have it taken away from them. Jeannette wasn’t able to ever recover her
success, and instead seemed to focus her attention on Roy, perhaps pushing him
to achieve instead. Roy was clearly a talented, hard worker who easily fell in
with similar people. However, their influence on him could be damaging. From his
experience with de Lipsky to his difficulties in Hollywood, Roy found trouble
interlaced with fame. He was never able to truly be a part of Hollywood royalty
and perhaps felt bitter. It is also possible that he suffered from depression.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After things fell apart with Paramount, Roy
attempted to revive his career in England and help that country move into the
talking picture era. However, this endeavor was unsuccessful. Was it Roy’s
arrogant attitude that again led him to trouble in England? As we saw in Part I
of this story, Roy returned to America and worked for a spell at RKO. However,
he was unable to remain at any studio for long. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Like his mother,
Roy’s work and creations as a director and effects technician were usurped and
taken over by a group of people who did not originate them. Roy was pushed out
of his position as sound effects technician by William DeMille, in a takeover
masterminded by Jesse L. Lasky, just as his mother’s company had been
effectively stolen from her by savvy businessmen. Neither was ever able to
regain their former glory. Perhaps the disappointment was too much for Roy to
bear.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">What was the nature
of Roy’s relationship with his mother? After her business failed, Jeannette
invested a lot of energy into being around Roy all the time. It is possible she
was trying to make him the success that she wasn’t. If this is so, it is
possible that Roy felt he had failed his mother, and perhaps his wife, who was
someone who also desired fame and success. For some reason Roy did not bring his
mother with him to Hollywood, and Sylvia did not seem to remember Jeannette’s name
on Roy’s death certificate despite the fact that Jeannette had lived with Roy
almost up to his removal to California with Sylvia. Did Roy simply not talk
about his mother with his wife? Roy could have continued to support his mother
after he and Sylvia moved to California and he started making real money. Did
he have her deported because he could no longer stand being around her?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Sylvia died on
February 26, 1965 in Woodland Hills, Los Angeles, an affluent area. She was 70.
It does not seem that she remarried.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">There are many questions that
remain unanswered about Roy Pomeroy’s life. More research may be able to clear
some of them up. In the meantime, we welcome readers to speculate. It is interesting
also to note that Roy’s Oscar statuette for Engineering Effects for his work on
“Wings” is still missing. Roy and Sylvia did not have any children. Perhaps
there is a reader who has some information that could lead to the discovery of
Roy’s Oscar.</span></div>
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</span><hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" />
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</span><div id="edn1" style="mso-element: endnote;">
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref1" name="_edn1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[i]</span></span></span></span></a>“A Successful Business Woman. Mrs. Pomeroy.”
The Mail and Empire, Toronto, Saturday March 11, 1899. p. 5 col 4-7.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref2" name="_edn2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></a>Mrs. Pomeroy. Advertisement.<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Who's Who</i> 1905 1905: Ii. Print.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><div id="edn3" style="mso-element: endnote;">
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref3" name="_edn3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></a>During the Civil War, “Soldier’s Fairs” were
held to raise money for the Union, promote enlistment, and endow orphan’s
asylums, among other things. Jeanette Gallagher Shepherd sent silk worms from
India to aid in this effort. She had her own silk-growing establishment there.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref4" name="_edn4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></a>“Pomeroy Has Mastered Many Professions”, The
Standard Union, Brooklyn, NY. October 13, 1929 p.9 col 5.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref5" name="_edn5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[v]</span></span></span></span></a> “<span style="font-size: 10pt;">Dainty 120-Pound, Five-Foot
Five New Yorker Considered By Many As Most Perfect Woman” article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Syracuse Journal</i>, Syracuse, Onondaga
County, New York, 18 Apr 1919, p. 12/col. 1-3</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref6" name="_edn6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[vi]</span></span></span></span></a>Childe Hassom was a favorite artist of Brooke
Astor’s. A painting she had of his, “Up the Avenue from Thirty-Fourth Street”
was sold by her son Anthony Marshall in 2002 for $10,000,000. The painting was
then sold by the buyer almost immediately afterwards for $20,000,000.
Originally<a href="http://www.blogger.com/null" name="_GoBack"></a>, Brooke had bequeathed the painting to the
Metropolitan Museum of Art.Anthony Marshall had conned his senile mother out of
her beloved painting so he could pocket the money, a scheme that was at the
height of the scandal involving the Astor family in the late 2000s. Anthony
Marshall was sentenced to prison.</span></div>
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</span><div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref7" name="_edn7" style="mso-endnote-id: edn7;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[vii]</span></span></span></span></a>
“Death of Countess Here Investigated”
article, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The New York Times</i>, New York
City, New York County, New York, 22 Dec 1923, p. 2/col. 2</span></div>
</div>
</div>
Susan Hugheshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06412744821381463346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3285100268676605169.post-17689260761932073672013-04-22T15:26:00.000-04:002013-04-22T15:26:33.301-04:00Buckland, Massachusetts and the Psychology of Epidemic Disease<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">by Kate Corbett Pollack
<i> </i></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i>The LORD shall smite thee with a consumption, and with a fever, and with an inflammation, and with an extreme burning, and with the sword, and with blasting, and with mildew; and they shall pursue thee until thou perish.
—Deuteronomy 28:22</i> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Readers familiar with the Spaulding family might recall my September 2011 blog post, “Calvinism and Epidemic Disease in the Susanna Cole Letters”. In that post, I discussed the ways that the Calvinist religion was used by its followers in Buckland, Massachusetts, to explain the epidemic diseases that ravaged the village for over a fifty-year period. I used the letters in our archives written by the Spaulding and Pomeroy families during this time (1800-1850) as the basis for this research. Since writing this article, I have learned more about the psychology of epidemic disease and have seen parallels in reactions from Buckland villagers to disease and illness in the early 1800s to reactions to contemporary disorders such as Autism. There are also similarities with both of these responses and those to the Great Plague of London in 1665. Guided by Philip Strong’s essay Epidemic psychology: a model, this article will address what appears to be a common human psychological reaction to epidemics, regardless of the time period. Epidemic disease can also function to explain the treatment of Josiah Spaulding, Jr. (1785-1867) who was kept in a cage in the homes of his family for 57 years. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Epidemics have, throughout history, invoked a common psychological response in humans from the Stone Age to the AIDS epidemic, even to current issues of diabetes, obesity and Autism. In the midst of a serious, ongoing health crisis, humans look for an answer, any answer, to the problem. In early 1800s Buckland, choices for an explanation of disease were limited. Today, science provides us with many more options. However, this has not stopped large numbers of people from continuing to seek the types of explanations commonly sought in Buckland or 1665 London. The powerful psychological response to illness can be difficult to sway, and manifests in similar ways throughout history. </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Autism is a current disorder that upon examination provides insight to human psychological response to epidemics. Looking to external sources and imagining a conspiracy is at work are examples. The opinion that an outside source triggers or has triggered the onset of Autism is one held by communities who are seeking an explanation to the condition and do not trust the average doctor or scientist who maintains the cause is biological and internal. These communities are largely made up of those who are either against vaccinations or in favor of a limited vaccine schedule. They argue that vaccinations are the cause of Autism, despite that claim being widely discredited by doctors, and the initial research it was based upon found to be fraudulent. There is a correlation with the rise in autism diagnoses and the rise in the MMR vaccine, but causation has been disproved.<span style="font-size: xx-small;">i</span> This has not stopped people from believing that all vaccines are a potential cause, however. This reaction is a common one in the face of widespread illness. In Philip Strong’s Epidemic psychology: a model, he explores the “fear, panic, stigma, moralizing and calls to action” that seem to characterize the “immediate reaction” to an epidemic.<span style="font-size: xx-small;">ii</span> </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Autism is not the type of “large, fatal epidemic” Strong is referring to, but the social responses he outlines in this essay are characteristics that considerable numbers of the American, British and Australian populations have displayed in response to Autism, a condition that is arguably not an epidemic at all, but is viewed by many as being so due to the increase in diagnoses over the last few decades. This increase, doctors and scientists explain, is due to better identification, and expansion of the definition to include a wider spectrum of Autism including Asperger’s disorder. Scientists also maintain that these disorders have existed for a long time, if they are to be characterized as “disorders” in the first place. Renowned Autism researcher Simon Baron-Cohen maintains that Einstein and Newton both had symptoms of Autism and Asperger’s, and that the condition can contribute to a better understanding of scientific and mathematical systems.<span style="font-size: xx-small;">iii</span> </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Despite increased information and positive perspectives on the condition, the propensity for “fear, panic, stigma, moralizing and calls to action” remain strong. Ideas that an outside cause in the environment, a governmental conspiracy or even religious reasons (anti-vaccination activist Jenny McCarthy frequently references a spiritual calling from God to inform people) are the cause of Autism continue to proliferate. There is fear and panic around the idea that vaccines contain harmful chemicals like anti-freeze, and that conspiratorial doctors and scientists are working together to harm children for pharmaceutical profit.<span style="font-size: xx-small;">iv</span> Calls to action include anti-vaccination groups that push for changes in vaccines or to not vaccinate at all. Other outside sources have been looked to such as diet and environmental factors, for example. Dr. Baron-Cohen believes that the disorder is hormonal and develops in the womb. There is not yet a solid explanation for the cause of Autism, but there is no evidence that it is caused by vaccines. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">During the Great Plague of London, a similar reaction to the devastation of the Black Death occurred. In the medical pamphlet The Shutting Up Infected Houses As It Is Practiced in England Soberly Debated (1665), possible causes of the Black Death are discussed. (During the plague, infected people would be shut up in their own houses.) The causes are almost all from external environmental sources. Food features prominently on the list: </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i>23. By a Dinner of Soales in Fifth street </i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i>24. By a dish of Eels. </i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i>26. By a Codling Tart and Cream </i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i>27. By a Dish of French Beanes. </i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i>28. By Cabbages. </i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i>29. By Turneps and Carrets.</i> </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The list continues and includes humans (typically poor people), animals, clothing and places of ill repute like “Scurvy Tipling Houses and Bowling Allies.”<span style="font-size: xx-small;">v</span> The idea that people considered undesirable or different by the rest of the population are somehow responsible for disease or that God is angry because of these people and making everyone sick is still a common reaction to epidemics. The Plague was thought of as a disease that came from the poor, and upper classes would try to hide the fact that they’d contacted it out of embarrassment. Gay people being blamed for AIDS is an example of modern day epidemic scapegoating. Profit-hungry chemists, doctors and pharmaceutical companies being blamed for producing Autism-causing vaccines is another. If a segment of the population’s influence could be decreased or eliminated, then these diseases would go away, according to this logic. </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Vaccines do not cause Autism, but what they do accomplish is to prevent a variety of life-threatening, debilitating illnesses that caused high mortality rates and suffering for most of human history. Public health and medical science have also put an end to these diseases almost entirely in the United States, Europe and many developing countries. The Black Plague decimated European cities in regular intervals for almost 300 years. The Great Plague of London in 1665 is estimated to have killed over 100,000 people. During its height, 8,000 died in London per week.<span style="font-size: xx-small;">vi</span> Anyone who was able to fled the city, but most remained within city limits to die. We know today that fleas carried the disease, but during this era, the cause of the plague was unknown, as was what to do to cure it. People believed that miasma, or contaminated air was a cause, but it wasn’t known for certain. Hysteria resulted. Londoners, thinking a possible cause was cats and dogs, killed over 40,000 of the animals. The result increased the flea population, as fleas now had fewer animal hosts and turned to humans instead, exacerbating the Plague.<span style="font-size: xx-small;">vii </span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Today, the Plague is rarely seen. Nor are the diseases that were a part of everyday life for the Spaulding family and residents of Buckland, Massachusetts in the nineteenth century. These included cholera, dysentery, typhoid, tuberculosis, yellow fever and measles outbreaks. These illnesses were a part of everyday life for the villagers in epidemic years. Living with constant epidemics impacted the psychology of Buckland residents in ways much like the Plague impacted the psychology of Londoners. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Buckland residents reacted to epidemics in the way that humans tend to. What occurred was fear, paranoia, hysteria, blame and looking to an external, somewhat conspiratorial source, in this case God, as the reason. Certainly there was fear involved with this belief. The Spaulding letters repeatedly express feelings of wariness, helplessness, depression and anxiety in response to the idea that God is hurting and killing Buckland villagers for reasons that must be their own fault. The “call to action” was church revivals, penitence and an obsession with religion in all areas of life. Clearly the constant epidemics began to define the mindset of the Buckland residents. Nancy Spaulding wrote to Mary Pomeroy on March 27, 1810:
<i> </i></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i>Dear Sister…When we behold the sprightly youth whose chicks glow with beauty and whose limbs are full of activity cut down by the stroke of death and layed in the silent grave never more to be beheld by mortal eyes there to remain until the arch angel shall sound the trump of God…we one or both of us shall be numbered with the dead our bodys must be layed in the silent tomb…</i> </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The women were in their early twenties at this time. From Deborah Spaulding to Mary Pomeroy, April 20th, circa 1814: </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> <i>We who are now in the bloom of youth are as liable to die at any age we had ought to be in preparation for death judgment and eternity many of our fellow mortals are dying around us some in by a sudden and surprising manner…</i> </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">From Deborah Trowbridge to David and Mary Ann Pomeroy, April 17, 1839:
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i>God is speaking to us in accents as loud as thunder, to be also ready how soon and sudden we may be called, for we know not. Short has been the separation of your Dear Mother from your beloved child, this new wound has opened the other afresh may you my dear friends be still and know it is god that has done it…</i> </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Stigma was directed at anyone who fell outside the category of a proper religious person. Mary Ann Pomeroy wrote in her 1850 diary when she was 14 years old of attending church almost constantly and being punished when she misbehaved by not being allowed to go, which for her was very upsetting, since she believed that she was going to die soon, as so many others around her were. Church was a possible way to protect herself. </span><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Epidemics and the Incarceration of Josiah Spaulding </span></span></b><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Josiah Spaulding, as we have seen in previous posts, was not like everyone else in Buckland. He challenged his father’s religious beliefs, for some reason did not fit in at Williams College, and wanted to spend his time in Southampton having fun instead of following in his father’s footsteps. There was also something clearly different about his mental state. It is difficult to say what exactly he was suffering from, since it was over 200 years ago and there is scanty evidence. However, Spaulding family letters indicate that in 1812 or around that year, at age 23 or 24, Josiah was put in a cage by his father, where he would live out the duration of his life. While it is possible that he became violent or aggressive, his letters to his family are very gentle-there is no evidence of violence, but there is evidence of kindness. Whatever the case, Josiah was clearly different. Death was a constant in Buckland and the surrounding area during the early to mid-1800s, as we have seen. Josiah’s sister, Mary Spaulding, almost died in 1811 after giving birth, lost a baby in 1814, and her husband in 1815, when he was only 33, and by 1816 was facing the possibility that her surviving daughter might also die. The feelings of terror that must have resulted in the family only strengthened the need for Josiah to be kept under control. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> Around 1814 the family almost lost youngest daughter Lydia Spaulding from tuberculosis, a disease she would suffer from for the next twenty years. This type of pattern of near death and loss was not unusual for Buckland families. Nearly everyone in the Spaulding family eventually died of a now-preventable disease, everyone that is, except for Josiah. Although he came into contact with Lydia (tuberculosis) and his sister Deborah (typhoid and dysentery)on a regular basis, and in 1840 nearly all of the next door neighbors died of “Spring Fever”, Josiah lived to be 81. His niece, Mary Williams Howes, wrote to her Aunt in Southampton in 1840 of the “Spring Fever” epidemic that swept Buckland that year:
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i>Death that formidable adversary of mankind has snatched from our midst the man of years and the interesting youth and the bell has hardly ceased its tolling for another wrhose cold remains are waiting for the grave…You have probably heard of the deaths of Mr. Alexander Ward, Mrs. Hall, Mrs. Upton, Mrs. Daniel Bement, and Mrs. Thacher, all of whom died some time ago. But a week last Monday night this “grim messenger” entered the abode of our nearest neighbors and nipped the brightest flower of the family. The days of this mourning had scarcely passed for their little babe when a greater affliction came upon them. One remarkable for her apt evil, her uncommon rudeness, and her engaging manner has left us. But she died not as a true Christian dies, but pleading for mercy even in the agonies of death and the mortal remains of Eliza Townsly are deposited in the churchyard.</i> </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Epidemics continued to outbreak into the 1850s, with cases of tuberculosis, then known as consumption, and typhoid fever striking Spaulding family members and Buckland area residents. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The hysteria that resulted can be identified in almost every Spaulding and Pomeroy family letter, as indicated in the excerpts above. Josiah’s letters to his father (as written about in my 2011 post <span style="font-size: xx-small;">viii</span>) indicate that he did not share his father’s Calvinist beliefs. While this type of behavior is normal today, and young people are often expected to show a certain amount of rebellion, it was not normal in 1812, and would have been completely unacceptable in the Puritan tradition. Josiah’s incarceration, which is unusual, should be viewed in the context of epidemic disease, since that is what was occurring at the time. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">There are many factors in his case that add up to the complex reason for his being kept in a cage, and some may weigh more heavily than others. But in the environment of “fear, panic, stigma, moralizing and calls to action”, someone who challenged the status quo could be looked at as a serious threat to social order. The villagers sincerely believed that God was testing them, angry with them; killing their families and friends for unknown reasons. Everyone went to the same church to listen to Reverend Spaulding talk about it; Reverend Spaulding with the very different son. Keeping Josiah confined was a way of maintaining control and order in Buckland society. Something was very out of order, because of the amount of sickness and death, and 1816’s “year of no summer”, when crop failure occurred due to weather changes. Disease and crop failure were out of the control of Buckland villagers. What they could try to control was each other. Josiah’s incarceration in the family home by his father had the support of the Buckland villagers, and Spaulding family neighbors were invested in helping to care for him. Everyone knew about Josiah. The shared mentality was that the cage was where Josiah belonged; enforced by Reverend Spaulding’s religious sermons which functioned to explain the rampant disease and death. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In the years after Josiah’s incarceration, disease continued to be a constant, and more and more members joined the First Congregational Church of Buckland, where they were baptized by Reverend Spaulding. In 1816, the year without a summer, 16 people were inducted. In 1822, the year before his death,Reverend Spaulding inducted a record number of new congregants into the church-over 60 people, including the founder of Mount Holyoke College, Mary Lyon.<span style="font-size: xx-small;">ix</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Eventually, the source and causes of these diseases was discovered, and medicine followed suit. Vaccinations were and continue to be a large part of staving off the types of epidemics that routinely threatened Buckland. As a result of vaccination rates falling, there has been a resurgence of the types of diseases common in the Spaulding’s era. In 2011, according to the Centers of Disease Control, incidence of measles outbreaks reached a 15 year high, and Pertussis outbreak was at epidemic levels.<span style="font-size: xx-small;">x</span> It is interesting to note that the fearful and suspicious reaction towards vaccines is in fact bringing back epidemic disease to a society that has all but forgotten what life was like before them. Like the Great Plague of London, human’s suspicious reactions to cats and dogs as potential carriers exacerbated the spread of disease. Looking at vaccines as the cause of illness today is ironically leading to actual illnesses. Because of epidemic psychology, humans can unwittingly cause further harm to their own societies. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The environment of constant disease and sickness that the Spaulding family spent their lives in made it hard to be a happy person. If their letters are any indication, they were fraught with anxiety and depression, and consumed by thoughts of death. The main comfort for them was the afterlife, where they would be reunited with their lost loved ones. This glimpse into a time when medical science and technology was almost non-existent reveals what the reality was for people who could do nothing to stop disease. It was not too far from the days of the Black Plague. Today, if current trends continue, we could be entering a new era of epidemic disease. Medical science has the power to eradicate disease, but it takes the participation of the population to work. If distrust and misunderstanding of vaccinations continues to rise, the era of the Spauldings will not be such a distant memory. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> Further Sources: </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">"Autism Risk Unrelated to Total Vaccine Exposure in Early Childhood." NIMH RSS. National Institutes of Mental Health, 29 Mar. 2013. Web. 04 Apr. 2013. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Brodman, Estelle. "Medieval Epidemics." Journal of the Medical Library Association 41(3).July (1953): 265-72. US National Library of Medicine.National Institutes of Health.Web. 4 Apr. 2013. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Fombonne, Eric, M.D. "What's Behind the Rise in Autism?" Interview. PBS Frontline. PBS, 29 Dec. 2009. Web. 4 Apr. 2013.<http: fombonne.html="" frontline="" pages="" rise="" vaccines="" wgbh="" www.pbs.org=""></http:></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><http: fombonne.html="" frontline="" pages="" rise="" vaccines="" wgbh="" www.pbs.org="">Greven, Philip J., The Protestant Temperament: Patterns of Child-Rearing, Religious Experience, and the Self in Early America. University of Chicago Press: 1988. </http:></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><http: fombonne.html="" frontline="" pages="" rise="" vaccines="" wgbh="" www.pbs.org="">Holt, D. "The Measles Lie, and the Ongoing Ad Campaign Disguised as News." NaturalNews. NaturalNews.com, 6 May 2012. Web. 04 Apr. 2013. </http:></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><http: fombonne.html="" frontline="" pages="" rise="" vaccines="" wgbh="" www.pbs.org="">Offit, Paul A., M.D. "The Problem WithDr Bob's Alternative Vaccine Schedule." The Problem WithDr Bob's Alternative Vaccine Schedule. Pediatrics, n.d. Web. 04 Apr. 2013. </http:></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><http: fombonne.html="" frontline="" pages="" rise="" vaccines="" wgbh="" www.pbs.org="">"The Vaccine War."PBS. PBS, 27 Apr. 2010. Web. 04 Apr. 2013 </http:></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><http: fombonne.html="" frontline="" pages="" rise="" vaccines="" wgbh="" www.pbs.org="">Sears, Bob, M.D. "So Autism Is (now Even More) Common . . . Anybody Care Yet?" Lisa Ackerman Real Help Now. TACA, 20 Mar. 2013. Web. 04 Apr. 2013. </http:></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><http: fombonne.html="" frontline="" pages="" rise="" vaccines="" wgbh="" www.pbs.org=""><a href="http://www.generationrescue.org/" target="on_blank">http://www.generationrescue.org/</a>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><http: fombonne.html="" frontline="" pages="" rise="" vaccines="" wgbh="" www.pbs.org=""><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> i.</span> Cohen, Elizabeth, and Miriam Falco."Retracted Autism Study an 'elaborate Fraud,' British Journal Finds."CNN. Cable News Network, 05 Jan. 2011. Web. 19 Mar. 2013. </http:></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><http: fombonne.html="" frontline="" pages="" rise="" vaccines="" wgbh="" www.pbs.org=""><span style="font-size: xx-small;">ii.</span> Strong, Philip. "Epidemic Psychology: A Model." Sociology of Health and Illness 12.3 (1990): 249. Print. </http:></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><http: fombonne.html="" frontline="" pages="" rise="" vaccines="" wgbh="" www.pbs.org=""><span style="font-size: xx-small;">iii.</span> Muir, Hazel. "Einstein and Newton Showed Signs of Autism." - 30 April 2003. New Scientist, 30 Apr. 2003. Web. 19 Mar. 2013. </http:></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><http: fombonne.html="" frontline="" pages="" rise="" vaccines="" wgbh="" www.pbs.org=""><span style="font-size: xx-small;">iv.</span> Gorski, David. "Science-Based Medicine."Jenny McCarthy, Jim Carrey, and Green Our Vaccines: Anti-vaccine, Not pro-safe Vaccine”. Science-Based Medicine, 9 June 2008. </http:></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><http: fombonne.html="" frontline="" pages="" rise="" vaccines="" wgbh="" www.pbs.org=""><span style="font-size: xx-small;">v.</span> Sequence 1: The Shutting up Infected Houses as It Is Practised in England Soberly Debated :by Way of Address from the Poor Souls That Are Visited, to Their Brethren That Are Free : With Observations on the Wayes Whereby the Present Infection Hath Spread : As Also a Certain Method of Diet, Attendance, Lodging and Physick, Experimented in the Recovery of Many Sick Persons. [London] : [s.n.], Printed in the Year MDCLXV [1665]., Harvard University Library PDS. </http:></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><http: fombonne.html="" frontline="" pages="" rise="" vaccines="" wgbh="" www.pbs.org=""><span style="font-size: xx-small;">vi.</span> "The Great Plague of London, 1665." Open Collections Program: Contagion,.Harvard University Library Open Collections Program, n.d. Web. 02 Apr. 2013. </http:></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><http: fombonne.html="" frontline="" pages="" rise="" vaccines="" wgbh="" www.pbs.org=""><span style="font-size: xx-small;">vii.</span> Ross, David. "The London Plague of 1665."The London Plague 1665.Britian Express, n.d. Web. 02 Apr. 2013. </http:></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><http: fombonne.html="" frontline="" pages="" rise="" vaccines="" wgbh="" www.pbs.org=""><span style="font-size: xx-small;">viii.</span> http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2011/11/only-being-of-senceless-existence.html </http:></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><http: fombonne.html="" frontline="" pages="" rise="" vaccines="" wgbh="" www.pbs.org=""><span style="font-size: xx-small;">ix.</span> Rev. Mortimer Blake, A Centurial History of the Mendon Association of the Congregational Ministers, with the Centennial Address, Delivered at Franklin, Mass, Nov. 19, 1851, and Biographical Sketches of the Members and Licentiates (Boston: Sewall Harding, 1853) </http:></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><http: fombonne.html="" frontline="" pages="" rise="" vaccines="" wgbh="" www.pbs.org=""><span style="font-size: xx-small;">x.</span> Castillo, Michelle. "CDC: US Whooping Cough Cases Rising at Epidemic Rate." CBSNews. CBS Interactive, 19 July 2012. Web. 02 Apr. 2013.
xi. Beasley, David. "Measles Cases Reached 15-year High in 2011: CDC." Reuters. Thomson Reuters, 20 Apr. 2012. Web. 02 Apr. 2013.
</http:></span>Susan Hugheshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06412744821381463346noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3285100268676605169.post-32095474815537656622013-03-15T16:04:00.001-04:002013-03-19T10:58:32.431-04:00THE LABYRINTH OF CANADIAN POMEROYS PART II<div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
by Alethea “Lee” Connolly </div>
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While we continue sleuthing through old deeds, wills, journals, letters, and church records, we spend a good amount of time sifting through images on the computer screen for newly posted resources. But sometimes we find gold, just because fellow searchers come forward and share what they found. They provide the missing link that leads us giant steps forward. Much research today is about such generosity and collaboration.</div>
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THE QUEBEC PONTBRIAND/POMEROY CONNECTION
IN ONONDAGA<br />
AND OSWEGO COUNTY<br />
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Recently, these random acts of kindness came my way when I continued researching the French Canadian brothers, Louis and Germain Pontbriand, who, for some reason, changed their name to Pomeroy when they emigrated from Canada to the United States. (See our August Blog) We discovered Louis and Jeremiah had the same father, but different mothers. They were half brothers. Louis’ mother was Marie Louise Martin dit Pelland (first wife, deceased). Germain/Jeremiah was a son of Louise Preville (second wife of the elder Louis). This was a very large family, though not uncommon for the times in French Canadian families. Therefore, age differences between siblings sometimes ranged between fifteen to twenty years.<br />
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Since our August posting, I’ve received information from several descendants of these Pontbriand/Pomeroys. The 1850 federal census showed Jeremiah and family then living in Syracuse, and later in nearby Lysander, New York. One descendant of Jeremiah sent me a very clear photo of the grave stone of John and Harriett Pomeroy Pomeroy, his great grandparents, located in Oak View cemetery, Frankfort, Herkimer County, New York.<span style="font-size: xx-small;">1</span> The inscription on the gravestone shows their new POMEROY POMEROY surname identity.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-voqG2HKGguE/UUN9gcdTCRI/AAAAAAAAAHw/2hoAl9W7srM/s1600/Pomeroy+graves,+Ballou+Blog.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-voqG2HKGguE/UUN9gcdTCRI/AAAAAAAAAHw/2hoAl9W7srM/s320/Pomeroy+graves,+Ballou+Blog.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Gravestone of John Pomeroy and wife Harriet Pomeroy Pomeroy</td></tr>
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His ancestors, are both of Pontbriand lineage, as Harriett was a daughter of Jeremiah, and John, the son of his Jeremiah’s elder brother Louis. Richard, who sent the photos, is a great grandson, of Gertrude, John and Harriett’s daughter.</div>
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Richard’s cousin, Diane, also sent us family information. She descends from Jasper, John and Harriett’s son. She told us about Harriett’s sudden death in December, 1917. It was reported a “strangulation, ” Diane explained Harriet had a condition of a goiter which restricted her throat. Tragically, one day, while doing food preparation, she choked when she ate some peas! Who would have known such a detail?</div>
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Another cousin, Jane, sent me a copy of the wedding photo of her great grandparents, Jasper Pomeroy and Maud Littlewood. Jasper and Maud married in 1906 in Frankfort, New York. Jane also sent copies of family obituaries, and Jay’s (Jasper’s) death certificate, which noted he was born in Brewerton, New York, where the family lived before moving to Herkimer County. Every tidbit of information illuminates the portrait of a family and leads to other investigations.<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-DJjPduFrFO8/UUN9zkTolNI/AAAAAAAAAH4/uVjdYjhmpqk/s1600/Jasper+and+Alice+Maude+Littlewood+Pomeroy-+wedding+photo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-DJjPduFrFO8/UUN9zkTolNI/AAAAAAAAAH4/uVjdYjhmpqk/s320/Jasper+and+Alice+Maude+Littlewood+Pomeroy-+wedding+photo.jpg" width="222" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Wedding photo of Jasper Pomeroy and Maud Littlewood</td></tr>
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In fact, it was a comment of Diane’s that prompted me to go back and look at the Onondaga County Poor house records. She mentioned Jeremiah had been sheltered at the poor house prior to his death. These records indicate that prior to his admission in May 1888 he had been a “salt boiler,” not an unusual occupation for Syracuse men in that time period. Some might say Syracuse, New York was the city built on salt, as this industry started early and lasted lucratively until into the early 1900s. That was a very tough occupation. In the days of corporate salt boiling “men worked in 90-degree heat and humidity, 12 hours a day, seven days a week, from April to November, boiling brine to isolate salt,” according to one journalist.<span style="font-size: xx-small;">2</span> They could produce three to four bushels in five hours. The poorhouse record confirmed Jeremiah’s birth in Canada; that he had five brothers and two sisters, and died while in the poorhouse, either in 1890 or 1891.<span style="font-size: xx-small;">3</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">POMEROY/PONTBRIANTS IN OSWEGO COUNTY</span><br />
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While we knew Jeremiah and family moved between Onondaga, Oneida and Madison Counties in the 1860s, we just recently noticed he was in in Oswego County, likely not far from Louis, his elder brother, for several years. My colleague Barbara Dix, historian for the Town of Schroeppel, checked the 1855 NYS census and found PUMEROY family.<span style="font-size: xx-small;">4</span> The census taker used initials for given names, but we were still able to establish this was Jeremiah “Pomeroy”. If information on the record is accurate, especially the birth locations and ages of the children, then it seems Jeremiah and family had spent ten years in Onondaga County before coming in 1854 into Oswego County. Since all of his children were recorded as born in Oswego County, we estimate he was in this county perhaps by 1851. We now speculate that the Pontbriands arrival into this area of New York is about the year 1844.<br />
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We know that Jeremiah and family were in Verona, Oneida County in 1860, then for a few years in Bridgeport, Madison County, before coming back and settling in Onondaga County. It is here that his daughter Harriett married John Pomeroy, and where their three children Jasper, Gertrude and Wayne are born. They later moved east, to Herkimer County, and then west to Ohio, as our generous correspondents have shared. Other descendants of Jeremiah have been more difficult to trace. One daughter, Maria, married in 1883, when in her late thirties, to Brazil Pepper, and they settled in Granby. The 1900 census data indicates one child born to Maria, not then living in the household.<span style="font-size: xx-small;">5</span> It is not clear whether this child was born to Brazil and Maria.<br />
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It is not surprising that some of Jeremiah descendants remained in the Granby area, while others went to Herkimer, and Ohio, as their uncle, Lewis Pomeroy, and their “cousins” remained there. When son Lewis Pomeroy died in 1908, his will identified him by both surnames of Pomeroy and Pontbriant.<span style="font-size: xx-small;">6</span> This discovery propelled much of our extended French-Canadian research resulting in grandchildren with the names of DAVIS and VIEW. Many of his children remained in the county. Daughters and granddaughters married into households with surnames such as MURRY, DAVIS, VIEW, WILLIAMS, ADAMS, LA BEEF and BURDEN. Perhaps now they will know that some of their ancestors were once Pontbriants from Quebec whose surname was changed to Pomeroy!<br />
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<span style="font-size: small;">POMEROYS FROM STANSTEAD, QUEBEC THAT MIGRATED INTO NEW YORK</span><br />
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In the midst of digging through Quebec records for information about the Louis and Jeremiah family lines, I came across another puzzle. Several years ago I researched Judge Selah Pomeroy who, migrated from Vermont into Stanstead, Quebec in the early 1800s, where he raised his family. They were direct descendants of the Eltweed line. We knew Nancy Pomeroy, a daughter of Judge Selah’s son Hazen Pomeroy Sr., and his wife Lois Mansur, married Horace Wells in Syracuse, New York in 1847. <span style="font-size: xx-small;">7</span> It was curious, but didn’t, at the time, prompt any intensive investigation.<br />
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Then one day, our county historical association archivist mentioned to our director that she had seen a Pomeroy name in an old diary she had been looking through. When I went to examine it, I learned the name was “Adele Pomeroy.”<span style="font-size: xx-small;">8</span> I recognized Adele as Nancy Pomeroy (Wells) sister. She was, according to this small journal, employed in 1847 as a teacher in a select school in Syracuse, which was just opened by Madame Anastasie Julia Raoul. Madame Raoul’s life had its own mysteries and secrets. By 1847, her fortune was depleted. With debts piling on her doorstep, she started a select school, and saved herself from the poorhouse.<span style="font-size: xx-small;">9</span> This meant that two sisters, Nancy and Adele Pomeroy, daughters of Hazen Pomeroy Sr., Judge Selah’s son, and wife Lois Mansur, were in Syracuse in 1847 and 1848. Had Adele read some advertisement for teachers, and taken advantage of this opportunity?<br />
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It was certainly an interesting coincidence that two families from Quebec who were, or became Pomeroys, ended up in Syracuse, between 1847 and 1850. Was there any connection of these Stanstead Pomeroys to the Louis and Jeremiah Pontbriand/Pomeroys? It was a longshot speculation, but puzzles and labyrinths are the peculiar territory of genealogists.<br />
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I started to trace the Horace and Nancy Wells family unit. I found that in the 1850 U. S. census record they were in Broome County, and was surprised at their household members. Nancy and Horace were living in Chenango then, with sister, Louisa, and their 11 year old brother Selah.<span style="font-size: xx-small;">10</span> Further research showed that brother Charles was in the U. S. at least by 1854, when he married Mary Calkins.<span style="font-size: xx-small;">11</span> Perhaps he traveled with them, and then the siblings split up. It seemed like half of Hazen Pomeroy’s family bolted out of Stanstead for the United States!<br />
<br />
In tracing the descendants of the Stanstead Pomeroy sisters and their brother Charles, I found some stayed in the United States, and moved west, but some descendants returned to Canada, though not to Quebec. Nancy and Horace moved west to Illinois Her sisters, and brother Charles, married and a multitude of descendants have been traced – whose surnames are HARPER, SMITH, REED, LAFRANCE, FLETCHER and CURTIS.<br />
<br />
Charles married Mary Calkins, but five years after their marriage (1859) he died in Michigan at age 35, leaving a wife and two children. I was able to trace descendants of his son, Charles W. Pomeroy, but not his daughter Mary. Another “act of random kindness” from Guy, a great-great-grandson of Charles W. Pomeroy, filled in some interesting family details, because his great grandmother, Nettie (Pomeroy) Curtis left family notes. Guy shared with us some of Nettie’s memories. She wrote that “when her (Nancy’s) brother Charles died, she took his little daughter Carrie to raise.” She also wrote that Horace, had a “furniture business in Troy” and “was a professional singer” of both church and opera music. Such recollections spice up a family history!<br />
<br />
I still don’t know what motivated the three sisters (Nancy, Adele and Emily Louisa), and their brother Charles to move to the U.S., but I found no connection between the Quebec Pontbriands and the Stanstead “Eltweed” Pomeroys.<br />
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<div align="center" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: small;">“THE STRANGE CASE OF PETER POMEROY”</span></div>
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<div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
Sometimes when you follow a loose string through a labyrinth, you end up somewhere in an unknown land, maybe with Dorothy in Kansas. But if you are fortunate, it may actually make sense.<br />
<br />
In April 2012 a Pomeroy descendant contacted our director. She had traced her ancestry through a Peter Pomeroy in Illinois, but found Peter did not “link up” with our Eltweed Pomeroy family tree. She then asked a male relative to take a DNA test to help solve her “brick wall” She was surprised when instead of getting a Pomeroy match, the “markers” lined up with a PONTBRIANT line!<br />
<br />
Since we were doing research into the Louis and Jeremiah Pontbriand/Pomeroys families in New York State, it seemed promising to speculate Peter was somehow related to these families. It was a confusing trail, complicated by multiple marriages and half sibling relationships. There seemed to be no direct link to Louis and Jeremiah.
Since sorting out these multiple marriages in the Quebec Drouin and Tanguay records was a challenging maze, I decided to push back to earlier generations and documents, and noticed that not only did our Louis Pontbriand in Onondaga and Oswego counties, marry three times, but so did his grandfather. I finally realized his grandfather, Jean Baptiste Briand dit Sansregret, was the key to unraveling my puzzle.<br />
<br />
Louis Pontbriand, whose sons Louis and Germain (Jeremiah) migrated to New York with him (and his second wife Louisa), was the son of Jean Pierre Briand and Marguerite Lambert. <span style="font-size: xx-small;">12</span> Jean Pierre, was the youngest surviving son of Jean Baptiste Briand dit Sansregret and third wife Marie Genevieve Cantara, born 1779. <span style="font-size: xx-small;">13</span><br />
<br />
However, Jean Baptiste Briand dit Sansregret was married three times. By his first wife, Francoise Jodouin, he had a son, Jean Baptiste Brilland born abt 1760.<span style="font-size: xx-small;">14</span>. There was then about a twenty year difference in age between these half brothers. Descendants of Jean Baptiste Brilland emigrated into the town of Chazy, Clinton County, New York, while Louis Pontbriand and some of his family, including Lewis and Germain/Jeremiah, settled in Onondaga and Oswego counties.<br />
<br />
Specifically, the elder half brother, John Baptiste Brilland, married Therese Perron, and their son Francois Eustache Pontbriand Sansregret married Felicite Vandal.<span style="font-size: xx-small;">15</span> A portion of this latter large family came to New York, and their surname became POMBRIO.<span style="font-size: xx-small;">16</span> One of their children was a Pierre, or Peter. Peter’s mother Felicite died in 1848, and his father remarried. In the 1850 census for Chazy, Clinton County, Peter is shown, as abt 11 years old, with his step-mother, and several siblings.<span style="font-size: xx-small;">17</span> I could not locate Peter in subsequent census records, nor in cemetery records, though other family members were located in the old St. Louis cemetery in Sciota. <span style="font-size: xx-small;">18</span><br />
<br />
A month ago, having already done some research in the Chazy, New York area, I came across a POMBRIO Family genealogical posting. Following this thread, I fortuitously found the genealogy work done by Susan L. Pombrio on the POMBRIO family ancestry. I received a copy of some of her research through the Northern New York American-Canadian Genealogical Society in Plattsburgh. “Pierre” is listed as the 12th child of Francois Eustache Pontbriand-Sansregret and Felicite Vandal. After his name she has noted “ b ca 1839 Sciota, NY went either west or south.”<span style="font-size: xx-small;">19</span> Oh happy day!<br />
<br />
This was another piece in the Peter Pomeroy identity puzzle, one that supports our belief that the Peter Pomeroy in the U. S. 1860 Illinois census, is Peter/Pierre POMBRIO in the 1850 Clinton County census, a descendant, linked generations back to Jean Baptiste Briand dit Sansregret, and, therefore, linked to Louis and Germain.<br />
<br />
In the 1860 census of Plainfield, Illinois Peter’s place of birth is listed as Canada.<span style="font-size: xx-small;">20</span> It appears from the household that Peter is an apprentice in the John Virgil household. Virgil is a successful carriage maker, it seems, and Peter, age 21, is listed as a “wagon maker.” As he is unrelated to the family, as far as we know, it is not likely information was given to the census taker by Peter, but by John Virgil. It probably “sounded like” Peter was “French Canadian,” and certainly the head of household would have known some aspect of his origins. In subsequent census records, when Peter is head of household, Peter consistently states his place of birth as New York.<br />
<br />
One descendant said family memoirs reported Peter never referred to his French Canadian heritage, but apparently told his adult sons he was a stowaway and came from France. Our research shows this unlikely, as do census records over the years where he himself claims his birth as New York State.<br />
<br />
A great granddaughter of Peter Pomeroy, in writing to us, noted, according to Peter’s “Civil War Records that he was born in 1839 in New York.” The old Kansas GAR Post records in fact reported his birth locality as “Clinton City.” Well, that’s 50% correct.<span style="font-size: xx-small;">21</span> When Peter Pomeroy was 76 years old, he was listed in the 1915 Kansas State Census. He and wife Karen were living in Mulvane, Sedgwick County. He was cited as born abt 1839, in Clinton Co. NY. <span style="font-size: xx-small;">22 </span><br />
<br />
It seems at least, for the time being, I’m out of the labyrinth, even if all mysteries haven’t been solved. Still, part of the family story may be true. Peter may very well have run away from his Clinton County family sometime after 1850.<br />
<br />
There is the possibility that he knew he had these half-cousins, Lewis and Jeremiah, in Oswego, and Verona, at this time. Perhaps he went as a young teenager to work with one of them, seeking an off-the-farm opportunity, especially since Jeremiah was listed as a boat captain. It would have been quite easy, from that point, to stowaway on a boat and find one’s way to Chicago. But then, that’s another puzzle.<br />
<br />
Peter Pontbriand/Pombrio/Pomeroy died in 1916.<span style="font-size: xx-small;">23</span><br />
<br />
ENDNOTES<br />
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*The surname Pontbriand has been recorded and transcribed Pontbriant, Pontbrillant, in the Drouin Records of Quebec for the same person and family, but I have used the “d” spelling for consistency here. Some branches of these ancestors were recorded as Briand, and Briand dit Sansregret, as you will see, and the descendants of a branch in Clinton County retained the Americanized change to Pombrio as a surname.<br />
<br />
1. We have used only first names of our information donors to protect their privacy. I’m using the spelling on Harriett’s gravestone, with two “ts” for Harriett’s given name throughout this text.<br />
<br />
2. Sewell Chan, December 31, 2009, “On the Road: A Proudly Salty Reputation,” City Room, New York Times, online at: http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/12/31/on-the-road-a-proudly-salty-reputation/<br />
<br />
3. Onondaga County Poorhouse records, Town of Onondaga Historical Society, 9/27/2012, Record Books HO-2, and M/W. Volunteer look-up by M. L. Michalec. It appears Jeremiah returned to the poorhouse after a dismissal in 1889. A later entry shows he died there September 6, 1890 or 1891, the date being difficult to determine due to confusion in page numbering.<br />
<br />
4. 1855 New York State Census, Town of Schroeppel, Second District, Family 241. Ancestry.com.<br />
<br />
5. 1892, New York State Census, First Election District, p. 2, line 12-13. Ancestry.com; also 1900 U. S. Census, Oswego, New York, 5A, Ed 108, line19-20.<br />
<br />
6. In the matter of the estate of Louis Pontbriant-also known as Louis Pomeroy…, Surrogate Court, County of Oswego, New York, 12 September, 1910.<br />
<br />
7. Marriage Horace W. Well and Nancy M. Pomeroy, Onondaga Standard, April 12, 1848, p. 3. C. 3<br />
<br />
8. See: The Anastasie Raoul Collection, Onondaga Historical Association, Syracuse, New York at http://www.cnyhistory.org/<br />
<br />
9. Ibid.<br />
<br />
10. 1850 U. S. Census Chenango, Broome County, New York State, P. 348, Dwelling 1796, Fam 1866.<br />
<br />
11. Charles Pomeroy married Mary Calkins of Lowell, Massachusetts in 1854 according to B. F. Hubbard’s The History of Stanstead County Province of Quebec, with Sketches of more that Five Hundred Families, (Quebec: Heritage, 1874), p. 123-124. A thank you to Guy G. for some confirmations and interesting new information.<br />
<br />
12. Baptism of Louis Pontbriand, July 14, 1807, son of Jean Pontbriand and Marguerite Lambert. Yamaska, Quebec. Ancestry.com Quebec, (Drouin Collection, 1621-1967) [database online]<br />
<br />
13. Marriage of Jean Briand dit Sansregret, widow of Jeanne Voine (Venne-Voyne) to Maria Cantara, 1779, Feb 15, Yamaska, Quebec. Drouin. Source same.<br />
<br />
14. The marriage of Jean Brilland to Therese Perron, September, 1794, cites his parents as deceased Jean Baptiste Brilland and Francoise Jodouin. Drouin. Source same.<br />
<br />
15. (1) Marriage of Jean Brilland, son of deceased Jean Baptiste Brilland and Francoise Jodouin, to Therese Perron, Sept 29, 1794. Contrecoeur, St-Trinite´ Quebec. (2) Marriage of F. Eustache, older son of Jean Baptiste PontBrillant and Therese Perron to Felicite Vandal, Jan 11, 1820, Sorel, St. Pierre, Quebec. Ancestry.com Quebec. Drouin. Source same.<br />
<br />
16. See POMBRIO Family Genealogy researched by Susan L. Pombrio. Before coming into this family genealogy, I had noted this surname while looking at burials in St. Louis Roman Catholic Cemetery (see ftn 18) and researching the Clinton County census records.<br />
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17. 1850 U. S. Census, Chazy, Clinton County, New York , p. 242, line 34 Dwelling: 1659, Family: 1768, “Eustace POBRIA.” Peter is cited age 11. Ancestry. Com.<br />
<br />
18. St. Louis Roman Catholic Cemetery, (Sciota, Town of Chazy, Clinton County, NY.) Surname of POMBRAH shows Augustus, and Phillisa (Eustache and Felicite Pombrio Pontbriant). POMBRIO also recorded. Northern New York Tombstone Transcription Project at http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~frgen/clinton/chazy/st_louis.htm<br />
<br />
19. Susan L. Pombrio, A Genealogy of the Pombrio Family in the United States, (#008), p. 45. provided by the Northern New York American-Canadian Genealogical Society Library, Plattsburgh, N.Y.<br />
<br />
20. 1860 U.S. Census, Plainfield, Will County, Illinois, pg 164, line 1, part of John Virgil household, Family # 1223. Peter Pomeroy notes his birth location as New York in the 1885 and 1895 Kansas State Census records, and also in the 1870, 1900, 1910 U.S. census records. Ancestry.com<br />
<br />
21. Kansas Grand Army of the Republic Post Reports, The James Shields Post 57 (1882-1937) Wellington County Sumner, Kansas records Peter Pomeroy mustered roll citing his birth location as “Clinton City.” Ancestry. Pomeroy served until the end of the war..<br />
<br />
22. Kansas State Census Collection, 1855-1925, Reel K-1-K-271, Kansas State Historical Society, 1915 Census, p. 7, line 23, Family 10. Ancestry.com<br />
<br />
23. Peter Pomeroy, died 1916. Kansas, Find A Grave Index, 1854-2012 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2012.
</div>
Susan Hugheshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06412744821381463346noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3285100268676605169.post-69831563628067802052013-02-22T17:06:00.000-05:002013-02-22T17:09:07.759-05:00Roy Jobbins Pomeroy, Oscar Winner and Early Hollywood Special Effects Technician: The Life of an Artist. <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<div class="MsoNormalCxSpFirst" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Research by Patricia Cusick Whipple</i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Story and additional research by Kate Corbett
Pollack</i></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Part One.</b></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Darjeeling, Bengal, India, April 20, 1893</i>. A baby’s cry pierces the serene atmosphere
of this mountainous town, located in the Mahabharat Range of the Himalayas. A
gentle wind rustles through the lush, verdant tea leaves that line the terraced
hills. Mist envelopes the surrounding jungle, home to tigers, elephants,
leopards and many other exotic species. On this day, William Henry Jobbins and
Jeannette Shepherd Hauser welcomed the birth of their second son, Amos Pomeroy
Jobbins. William (1851-1893) and Jeannette (1862-1938), an ambitious couple
living in this beautiful area of India, were British subjects. Jeannette was a
direct descendent of General Seth Pomeroy, the American Revolutionary war hero,
a lineage she was very proud of. Keeping with the family tradition, she
included Amos’ fourth generation great-grandfather’s surname as her son’s
middle name. His first name was taken from his paternal grandmother, Sarah
Amos, who married Thomas Jobbins on January 17, 1847 in Coventry, England. </div>
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William and
Jeannette’s first son, Arthur, was born in Calcutta in 1891. Little Amos would
spend his early childhood in India, playing with his older brother and beholding
the rich culture of Darjeeling, at that time still under the control of the
British Empire. William, the boys’ father, was the director of the Indian Art
School in Calcutta, the capital city of West Bengal. Previously, he had taught
art in Nottingham, England, and had spent time in Venice, Italy, where he
shared a studio with James McNeill Whistler in a 17<sup>th</sup> century palazzo
on the Grand Canal designed by Venetian Baroque master Baldassare Longhena. The
two artists’ personalities clashed, and William did not enjoy working in the
same space as the now legendary American artist, whom he felt was a second-rate
painter with loose morals.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn1" name="_ednref1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[i]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Jobbins’ paintings of Venice are valued among
art collectors today. Jeannette was born in India to American Christian
missionaries, and had grown up traveling to India from her native Ohio. This
colorful locale set the tone for Amos’ life, which would be a kaleidoscopic one
full of adventure, mystery, beauty, and scandal.</div>
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Sadly, William Henry
Jobbins died not long after Amos was born, resulting in Jeannette and the boys
moving back to England. Jeannette remarried by 1897 to James Bernard Scale, and
the family settled in London. Arthur and Amos were given their stepfather’s
last name. Amos Pomeroy Jobbins Scale was enrolled at the Wells House
Preparatory School for boys in 1897 at age five. The cold, dreary English
weather <a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn2" name="_ednref2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></a> and
the strict school environment must have been quite a change for him after
Darjeeling, and now he had a new father figure in his life.By 1901, when he was
nine years old, Amos had begun going by the nickname “Roy”, based on his middle
name of Pomeroy.</div>
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By 1917, when he was
25, Roy had moved to New York. There he worked as a self-employed
artist,continuing to be the sole supporter of Jeannette, who had come with him.
They lived at 1131 Broadway in Manhattan, in the heart of the theatre district.
It was in this area of New York that Broadway hopefuls of all kinds lived, and
Roy had possibly moved there to pursue a career as a scenic artist for theatre.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the meantime, he procured a job painting
advertisements for Ivory Soap, one of which included a scene in India. Roy
registered for the WWI draft in 1917, and spent about a year in the air force
inventing devices used for aerial photography, bomb sites, and aerial
navigation. Among these inventions was a camera that could be used to render
camouflaged objects detectable.</div>
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After the War, Roy
began a business involvement with the Hippodrome Theatre on Sixth Avenue in
Midtown Manhattan. It was the largest theatre in the world at the time, and was
created by the same men who founded Coney Island’s Luna Park. Their formula for
success was repeated with the Hippodrome, which was built in 1904. Like Coney
Island, it was an entertainment spectacle, only an indoor theatre and not an
amusement park. Live animals, choruses with hundreds of people, performances by
Harry Houdini, dazzling sets, acrobats, clowns and performers of all types could
be seen at the Hippodrome, which became New York’s most successful theatre.
More research is needed to discern whether or not Roy was employed directly by
the Hippodrome, but he did involve them in a lawsuit regarding the use of a
contraption in their shows that he claimed to have invented: a bubble machine,
which Roy in 1919 alleged the Hippodrome used in their shows and owed him
royalties for. The lawsuit alleged that R.H. Burnside, owner of the Hippodrome,
had agreed to pay Roy $50 a week (about $660 in 2012 dollars) to use his
machine, but had never paid him. Burnside claimed that another company held the
actual patent for the device, and he had rescinded the contract with Roy as a
result. The total amount Roy was suing for was the equivalent of $3,333.00
today. By 1921, after several court dates, the judgment was reversed, and Roy
was ordered to pay the Hippodrome $422 ($5,410 today), which financially ruined
him for a time. This would not be the last time Roy attempted, to his own detriment,
to stand up to a powerful and famous man whom he felt owed him money, and
perhaps respect.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn3" name="_ednref3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></a></div>
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Despite his issues
with the Hippodrome, Roy was continuing to excel in the scenic arts, and by
1921 had partnered with a mysterious, handsome Russian stage lighting innovator
and artist who had come to New York in the company of world-famous ballerina
Anna Pavlova. His name was Nicholas Vladimir de Lippe Lipsky, and he had ties
to English royalty and Russian aristocracy. The two men worked together on
inventions for the theatre, and produced a series of photoplays, which were
films of stage performances. Newspaper and magazine articles from the early
1920s lauded their accomplishments. The attention Roy received piqued the
interest of a man who would change the course of his life: Hollywood producer
Jesse L. Lasky.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn4" name="_ednref4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></a></div>
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Lasky, a San
Francisco native and former Vaudeville performer who had worked with Al Jolson,
was one of the founders of Paramount Studios along with his best friend Cecil
B. DeMille. In 1914, Lasky and DeMille produced “The Squaw Man”, Hollywood’s
first feature film, in a rented horse barn which doubled as their production
studio. It was such a hit that the team went on to produce a number of early
silent films, many written and directed by DeMille. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They would eventually form Paramount Pictures.
Prior to 1914, films weren’t usually made in California, but New York. Cecil B.
DeMille and Jesse L. Lasky put Hollywood on the map as the new capital of the
motion-picture studio.</div>
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In 1920, when he was
40 years old, Lasky opened Astoria Studios in Queens, which is still in
operation today. By the time he met Roy Pomeroy in about 1921, Lasky had
produced over 300 films. He had an apartment on Fifth Avenue in Manhattan with
his wife Blanche and their son, Jesse Jr., and frequently traveled by ocean
liner to do business in Europe when he wasn’t in California, often bringing his
family with him. Jesse L. Lasky was known as “the nicest guy in Hollywood”.
Lasky recalled of Roy Pomeroy:</div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">We had discovered Pomeroy as
a struggling artist with an inventive mind, who had some exceedingly original
and useful ideas about the employment of miniature sets and background
projection to affect enormous budget savings in picture-making. I hired him and
he did some fine creative work on tricks and special effects. He was the first
specialist in that field and there has never been a better one… Perhaps it
isn’t strange under the circumstances that he came to feel he was God…<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn5" name="_ednref5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[v]</span></b></span></span></span></a></span></i></div>
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After being hired by
Lasky for Paramount Studios, Roy packed up and headed for California. There he
began work on Cecil B. DeMille’s epic masterpiece, “The Ten Commandments”,
where he created the effect of the parting of the Red Sea using Jell-O, which
is considered to this day one of the most impressive special effects in
Hollywood history. Roy also created the effect of the Ten Commandments, given
to Moses by God, lighting up and exploding into the sky as Moses carved them
into stone tablets.</div>
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“The Ten
Commandments” was the most expensive film ever made. Director Cecil B. DeMille
had a life-size set built on the sand dunes of Guadalupe, California, where he
re-created ancient Egypt (his 1953 version was shot on location). The set
included four 20-ton statues of the Pharaoh Ramses, 300 chariots, a 110-foot
high and 800 foot wide temple, 21 Sphinxes and a crew of 1,500 construction
workers who labored to build it. 2,500 extras and 3,000 animals worked with the
cast. It went over budget and caused constant tension between DeMille and
Paramount during shooting. The film starred Estelle Taylor, a leading lady of
the Silent Film era, Theodore Roberts as Moses, and Charles de Rochefort as
Ramses. It premiered at Grauman’s Egyptian Theatre, which was constructed prior
to his Chinese Theatre. The result of Roy’s effects was triumphant: audiences loved
the film, and it was highly successful, making Paramount a fortune and
dissolving any tensions with DeMille. Paramount was impressed with Roy, and he
quickly rose to prominence, becoming the head of the Special Effects Department
for the studio. Oscars were not yet given in 1923, so he did not win anything
for his work at the time.</div>
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After the success of
“The Ten Commandments”, Roy did effects for “Feet of Clay” in 1924, and that
year also worked on “Peter Pan”, making the characters fly using piano wires
tied to their costumes. He gained a reputation as a miracle worker; the man who
could make any movie effect happen. According to Lasky, Roy was “…something of
a sacred oracle… we couldn’t have treated him with more awe and homage if he
had been Edison himself.”<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn6" name="_ednref6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[vi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Certainly being treated this way by the
founders of Hollywood, some of the most important people in the industry was
thrilling for Roy. He had finally arrived, and his creativity was given free
reign and plenty of funding.</div>
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By 1927, motion
pictures changed from silent to “talkies” with the success of the first talking
picture, “The Jazz Singer”, released by Warner Brothers and starring Al Jolson.
Competing studios knew that they would need to incorporate sound effects and dialogue
into their pictures to stay competitive. Roy Pomeroy was one of the few in
Hollywood who was familiar with and good at sound technology, and the only
person at Paramount who possessed these skills. In 1927, Paramount released
“Wings”. While the film did not have speaking parts, it did have sound effects,
and Roy was in charge of creating machine gun fire and airplane engine noises. The
film is about two World War I fighter pilots who are in love with the same
woman, and stars Clara Bow. The effects involving airplanes were considered
especially impressive and exhilarating for audiences obsessed with Charles
Lindbergh, and the film was a hit, making money for Paramount. That same year
Roy patented a system he invented that made it possible for films to no longer
be shot on location if they required a foreign backdrop. The background film
could be shot separately, and then run through the camera later. Actors and
actresses would perform against a blank backdrop, and the background film
added. The concept was similar to a blue-screen, and would save the studio a
fortune. Roy assigned half of the patent to Paramount.</div>
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After the success of
“Wings”, Paramount Studios made Roy their Director of Sound Effects in 1928. He
was also head of a committee formed by several different Hollywood studios,
including MGM, to study sound effects for motion pictures. It was Roy who made
the decision that sound should be a part of the actual film, and not recorded
on a disc, as it was for “The Jazz Singer”. It is the industry standard today. Paramount
looked to him as the man who would help them enter the new era of talking
pictures. Another duty given to Roy was to test the voices of all of
Paramount’s stars to see if they could be cast in talking films. This further
inflated his ego, as he had been given the power to decide if a star should
remain in their contract to Paramount. Even the fate of Paramount’s most famous
star, Mary Pickford, was in his hands. He decided to keep her on.</div>
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In 1928 Roy was
promoted to Director, and began work on a film called “Interference”. Jesse L.
Lasky later joked in his autobiography that “No Interference” would have been a
better title, as Roy would not allow any studio executives on the set, which
was guarded by a policeman. This appeared to be over the top, but a closed set
was necessary for Roy to be able to control sound recording. People coming and
going on a movie set could disrupt the process. However, Roy would not even
allow executives on the set, and his arrogant personality was starting to make
him enemies. Roy truly believed that the work he was doing was revolutionary
and would change the world. In the August 15, 1928 issue of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sound Waves</i> magazine, Roy expounded on
his ideas regarding sound and film:</div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9pt;">In a few years I expect to
see a central projection plant in theatre areas… and when science has
accomplished all these things it will further be on the road to accomplishing
that for which religious sects and human welfare agencies have striven for
hundreds of years - the universal brotherhood of mankind, for within the
limitless possibilities of this scientific art lies an unbounded field for the
mutual exchange of art ideals. Ideals such as only the mechanics of the screen
can successfully propound. I think two or three common languages (certainly not
Esperanto) will become universal because of this…<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn7" name="_ednref7" style="mso-endnote-id: edn7;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9pt;">[vii]</span></b></span></span></span></a></span></i></div>
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If Roy was arrogant and
controlling, it may have stemmed from his beliefs that the work he was doing
was too important for anyone to interfere with, since it could very well bring
about world peace. He also demanded an exorbitant rate of pay, telling
Paramount that he should make what would be $46,000 a week in 2012 dollars,
after he had already received a significant raise after “Wings”, making over $1
million a year. These demands combined with his personality caused studio
executives to become disenchanted with him. By 1929, there were other
technicians in Hollywood that knew the sound game, and Roy was becoming less of
an Oracle.</div>
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William C. deMille,
Cecil’s brother, was appointed by Jesse Lasky to assist Roy on “Interference”. Roy
was thrilled to have William, a successful director, reporting to him. However,
the plan was to usurp Roy: once William learned Roy’s techniques, the studio
would have no need for him. Roy may have impressed Jesse Lasky, Cecil B. DeMille,
Adolph Zukor and the other Paramount executives for a time, but he wasn’t ever
accepted into their inner circle. William C. deMille was part of Hollywood
royalty. The founders and builders of Hollywood, including Samuel Goldwyn, who for
a time was Lasky’s brother-in-law and managed his first production company, had
deep roots and similar backgrounds. Cecil, William and Jesse had known each
other since they were kids and Samuel Goldwyn (then Goldfish) was a glove
salesman. They had built Paramount and Hollywood together. Roy had only been in
town for a few years, and by 1929, his bosses were tired of him. “Interference”
was a flop, and not popular with audiences, although technically it was
considered a very well-made film.</div>
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1929 was the year of
the first Academy Awards, held at the Hotel Roosevelt in Hollywood. Roy was
slated to receive one for his work on “Wings”. He had been one of the 36 people
who formed the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, which still exists
today. “Oscars”, then called Awards of Merit, were given out to deserving
pictures. Roy was awarded an Oscar for “Engineering Effects” for “Wings”,which
also won Best Picture, the only silent film to ever win in that category other
than the past year’s winner “The Artist”. Another award for special effects
would not be given out for the next ten years. However, Roy was not at the
Hotel Roosevelt to receive his statuette, he was en route to England with his
wife, Sylvia Jewell, whom he had married in 1922. He may have been receiving an
award, but Roy had left Paramount and was looking for directing opportunities
in England. His troubles with the studio had culminated in their refusing to
give him the salary he wanted, and his former position being filled by William
deMille. He had been cast out. Roy went from making $32,000 a week to being
unemployed.</div>
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Unable to make
anything happen in England, Roy and Sylvia returned to Hollywood, where Roy
attempted to find work as a director with another studio. By 1931, Roy was
receiving offers from different studios to finish directing some of their
films. He had started working for RKO in 1930, directing pictures and working
on effects for that studio, but it appeared to be short-lived. Roy could not
continue to make money as a director, and by 1940, he had been unemployed for
quite some time, according to the census. He was described as an
“inventor-technician” for the motion picture industry, but he did not have any
work. Had Roy become blacklisted as a result of his demanding and overdramatic
behavior at Paramount? Had a similar scenario happened at RKO?</div>
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Whatever the case,
it does not appear that any major studio wanted to work with him. Dejected, Roy
gave up his dream of being an important director and started his own company,
Pomeroy Laboratories, located at 7554 Melrose Avenue. He and Sylvia lived in a
bungalow at 1626 Crescent Heights Boulevard in Los Angeles, which was a short
drive away from the Laboratory. </div>
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On September 3<sup>rd</sup>,
1947, Roy was found dead in his laboratory at age 55. He had taken an overdose
of Seconal, a prescribed sleeping pill. The cause of death was undetermined,
but it appeared that the once-famous director and special effects technician
had committed suicide.<br />
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Sylvia was unable to
tell the coroner any information about Roy’s parents, and their names are
listed as “unknown” on Roy’s death certificate. Was she simply too distraught
to remember, or was that part of Roy’s life a mystery to her? How much did
Sylvia know about Roy’s past, and why didn’t she know his mother’s name - a
person Roy had lived with and supported almost up to the year he had married
his wife? It is possible that there was quite a bit about Roy’s past that she,
nor any of his Hollywood acquaintances were aware of.</div>
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There is also the question
of what has happened to Roy’s Oscar. In 2008, the APHGA was contacted by the
Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences regarding Roy’s Oscar statuette,
which they wanted for an exhibit, and could not locate. They were hoping that
perhaps we could find out where it was, or if someone in Roy’s family had it.
Roy and Sylvia had no children, and as far as we can tell, there are no living
descendants. After over 5 years of work, APGHA researcher Patricia Cusick
Whipple did uncover the details of Roy’s fascinating life. The location of Roy
Pomeroy’s Oscar, however, <a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169" name="_GoBack"></a>the first ever given for
special effects, remains a mystery. </div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Perhaps there are answers to some of above
questions in part two of this story, coming next month: did Roy really commit
suicide? Who was the mysterious Russian prince whom Roy met right before he
left for Hollywood? Learn about Roy’s eccentric mother and father, and his
adventuresome life leading up to his Hollywood years!</i></div>
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Links:</div>
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The Hippodrome:</div>
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<a href="http://www.nyc-architecture.com/GON/GON027.htm" target="on_blank">http://www.nyc-architecture.com/GON/GON027.htm</a>
</div>
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The Jazz Singer:</div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Jazz_Singer" target="on_blank">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Jazz_Singer</a></div>
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Jesse L. Lasky:</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<a href="http://www.jesse-l-lasky.com/timeline.html" target="on_blank">http://www.jesse-l-lasky.com/timeline.html</a></div>
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<br /></div>
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More on Adolph
Zukor:</div>
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<a href="http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/bday/0107.html" target="on_blank">http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/bday/0107.html</a></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
Cecil B. DeMilles’
1923 “The Ten Commandments” set: ruins still visible in California desert:</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<a href="http://articles.latimes.com/2010/mar/18/local/la-me-lostcity19-2010mar19" target="on_blank">http://articles.latimes.com/2010/mar/18/local/la-me-lostcity19-2010mar19</a></div>
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<div style="mso-element: endnote-list;">
<br clear="all" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;" />
<hr align="left" size="1" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;" width="33%" />
<div id="edn1" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref1" name="_edn1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[i]</span></span></span></span></a>The Correspondence of James McNeill Whistler,
University of Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK</div>
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</div>
<div id="edn2" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref2" name="_edn2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9pt;">Variety</span></i><span style="font-size: 9pt;">.
New York City, New York County, New York, 15 Jul 1921</span></div>
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</div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref3" name="_edn3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></a><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dramatic
Mirror and Theatre World</i>.
New York City, New York County, New York, 14 May 1921<span style="font-size: 9pt;"></span></div>
</div>
<div id="edn4" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref4" name="_edn4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-size: 9pt;">Pawlak, Debra Ann. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Bringing up Oscar: The Story of the Men and
Women Who Founded the Academy</i>. New York: Pegasus, 2011. Print.</span></div>
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</div>
<div id="edn5" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref5" name="_edn5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[v]</span></span></span></span></a>Slide, Anthony. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Silent Topics: Essays on Undocumented Areas of Silent Film</i>. Lanham,
MD: Scarecrow, 2005.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>79.</div>
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<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref6" name="_edn6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[vi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-size: 9pt;">"Roy J. Pomeroy, Lasky's
Famed Wizard, Tells Sound Possibilities." <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sound Waves</i> 15 Aug. 1928: 4.</span></div>
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Susan Hugheshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06412744821381463346noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3285100268676605169.post-38939728555183877382013-01-15T13:34:00.001-05:002013-01-15T13:34:56.762-05:00From Berry Pomeroy Castle to Pompey, New York: The Incredible Historic Connection of the Pomeroy and Seymour Families.<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">by Kate Corbett Pollack</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Berry Pomeroy castle is situated in Devon, England, and was the Baronial home of the Pomeroy family, which came to England during the Norman conquest of 1066. Ralf de Pomeroy assisted William the Conqueror at the Battle of Hastings and as a result was awarded land in Devon, where this branch of the family would move and settle, coming from La Pommeraie in Bayeux, Normandy. There they continued the genealogical line for the next five hundred years. Berry Pomeroy castle was constructed to provide security and comfort for the family, and its defensive style was a display of status. The Viking raids of 800-900 had caused European populations to remove themselves from settlements on the river systems and to move further inland, which led also to the development of a fortress style of architecture, originally called a Motte and Bailey. In the event of a Viking raid, inhabitants of a town would remove to the interior of the walled Motte and Bailey, which was complete with a moat and a defensive tower. The wealthiest person in the area, the feudal Lord, constructed the fortress and lived within its walls. He would provide protection in exchange for labor and goods, which came to be known as the feudal system. This style developed into the more elaborate and ornate walled castles complete with moats, gates and towers, that are today so synonymous with the Middle Ages. Berry Pomeroy Castle, for example, has Saint Margaret’s Tower, which was not only pretty, but could be used for defensive tactics. Devon was subject to Viking raids, and experienced them in about 900 AD. While the Pomeroy family may not have been in too much fear of invading hordes by the time of the castle’s construction in the late 1400s, being able to build a walled fortress was a show of their power and wealth. The ample grounds were abundant with deer, and having a personal deer park was also a luxury reserved for the upper classes in the Middle Ages. A stone wall was constructed on the property to contain the deer, and is still in existence. The deer park dates from the 13th century. The castle was also equipped with its own chapel, and faded images of painted religious scenes are still visible on its walls. Today, Berry Pomeroy is known as ‘the most haunted castle in England’.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The Pomeroy family lived in this area from the time of the Norman Conquest, but did not build Berry Pomeroy right away. They maintained several residences on the massive and extensive property awarded to Ralf de Pomeroy by William the Conqueror in exchange for his participation in the siege of Exeter and the battle of Hastings. William gave him 57 manors, which in this era refers to property and aristocratic title over it, including to the tenants. This tradition of granting land gained in battle or war by military leaders to their top ranking men was one also kept by General George Washington, who awarded landholdings to General Baron Von Steuben, among others. The medieval aristocratic tradition of holding large swaths of land occurred in the United States into the 1900s among settled European aristocracy or “new money” entrepreneurs like Ledyard Lincklaen and Jonathan Denise Ledyard, both of whom were a part of continuing the manor tradition in upstate New York during the 19th century. Small stone palaces were built by the Ledyard and Lincklaen families around Cazenovia, and the rent was collected from anyone who lived on the land.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The land at Berry Pomeroy was held by the Pomeroy family from the 11th century to 1547, when Thomas Pomeroy, due to financial problems, had to sell the manor to Edward Seymour, Duke of Somerset, and brother to Jane Seymour, third wife of King Henry VIII. Their father, Edward Seymour (senior), was one of the most powerful men in England next to the King. Edward Seymour was Uncle and appointed guardian to the future King Edward VI, who became King in 1547, the year his father, King Henry VIII, died. Edward VI was only a child when Henry VIII died, and Edward Seymour, his guardian, gained political influence as a result, as the boy could not yet make decisions. Edward Seymour held many important titles and offices including Protector of the Realm, and was known for his military prowess and success in battle. Like the Pomeroys, the Seymour family had come to the area as a result of the Norman Conquest, and their early ancestors fought in the battle of Hastings just as Ralf de Pomeroy had. Edward acquired immense wealth and property, and is also remembered for his influence over architectural styles that became popular in England at this time. Because of his great power, he had political enemies, and they were able to successfully overthrow and behead him by 1552.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Thomas Pomeroy was profligate with the family’s money and as a result had gone into debt and had mortgaged the castle. Lord Edward Seymour (Junior) and his brother John, in the years around the purchase of Berry Pomeroy, were imprisoned with their father, Edward, former Protector of the Realm, in the Tower of London, where John Seymour met his demise after a long illness. Knowing he was going to die, John petitioned from the tower for ancestral land around Berry Pomeroy known as Maiden Bradley, which had belonged to his mother, to be awarded to his younger brother Edward. Edward acquired more land and Berry Pomeroy castle in his purchase from Thomas Pomeroy once he was released from the Tower of London. Sadly, he lost his father and brother at the same time.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Thomas Pomeroy used the money he earned from the sale of the castle to purchase other land. During this time, tensions between Protestants and Catholics in England were highly charged, and Devon had seen some violent fights and destruction of Catholic Churches in the area. Thomas Pomeroy was a Catholic, and Edward Seymour was a Protestant. Two years after Edward purchased Berry Pomeroy castle and made it the seat of the Seymour family, Thomas participated in a battle between Catholic and Protestant forces known as the Prayerbook Rebellion, which would bring him into contact with the Seymours yet again. Lord Edward sent troops to fight the Catholic forces, which were made up of soldiers and ordinary men alike. Thomas Pomeroy was a drummer and trumpeter for the Catholics and sounded the alarm when the Protestant soldiers were approaching. Edward’s forces were momentarily startled and initially drew a retreat, only to strongly return, crushing the opponent. Many of the Catholics were drawn and quartered, but Thomas Pomeroy was able to escape this fate, likely due to his aristocratic family connections to the head of the Catholic army, who had been appointed by Edward. Thomas was, however, put into prison for a few years. After his release, he returned home and continued to be flagrantly wasteful with his family’s money, including his wife’s. It is because of this unfortunate relative that the Pomeroy family’s control over Devon for 600 years crumbled. They moved to another part of England.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Sir Edward Seymour’s son and namesake took over Berry Pomeroy castle in 1593, and was awarded title of Baronet by King James I. This Edward Seymour inherited vast land holdings from his father, and had already become Sherriff of Devon in 1583. He also served as a Member of Parliament for Devon under Elizabeth I. He was builder and architectural innovator of the Seymour House, which was an addition to Berry Pomeroy Castle. Like his grandfather, Edward the Protector, Edward was interested in architectural design, and the Seymour House influenced the building style in England for years to come. Edward started construction and expansion of the property in about 1600. He tore down some of the old 15th century Pomeroy Castle and built his new residence in the Elizabethan style. It may be referred to as the Seymour House, but in actuality, most would consider it a small palace. Edward added every fashionable status symbol that a palace of this era could have. Instead of using stone, as the Pomeroys did for the castle, Edward used wood and plaster to build his rooms and staircases, using a stone foundation in the walls, but covering it. When the Pomeroys built Berry Pomeroy Castle, as we have seen, it was built in the medieval stone fortress style, which in those days was the ultimate symbol of class and wealth. By Edward’s day, this was no longer the case. Edward also used elements of Classical design common in Italy and France, and in this way was innovative in bringing the style to England. He incorporated a Loggia into the design of the palace, which is an outdoor Classical walkway. Also built into the Seymour House was a new great hall which was very spacious and had one wall almost entirely made up of windows, rising two stories, which was very new and modern at the time. It overlooked the beautiful and picturesque Gatcombe Valley. In the Middle Ages, buildings were heavy and dark. By the 1600s, there was more focus in Europe on using glass and bringing light into structures.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The descendants of Edward Seymour, Protector of the Realm and guardian to King James I, continued to be successful and wealthy in much the same tradition as their relatives. Edward Seymour (who built the Seymour House) and his wife Elizabeth Champernoun of Dartington, had five sons. One of them, Richard, the youngest son, born 1595-6,left England and went to America. As the youngest son, he would not likely inherit very much, if any, of the family’s wealth. By this time in Europe, primogeniture, the tradition of giving all of the family’s land and money to the oldest son, rather than dividing it among heirs, was common. It is possible that this was a motivating factor in Richard’s leaving Berry Pomeroy for foreign shores. Once in America, Richard could establish himself separate from his family and obtain more land and property, even though it rightfully belonged to Native peoples who were already there, and there was difficulty and bloody battles that occurred as a result. Richard settled in Hartford, Connecticut in 1639, where he was allotted public land by the English settlers who had gotten there before him. Richard, in the tradition of the Seymours of Berry Pomeroy, took public office and was active in politics, associating with the highest ranking men in the area. He was not without money, coming from the wealthy background that he did, and being from a family like the Seymours led to him to be granted considerable amounts of land which would later become Norwalk, Connecticut. He possessed the bravery, financial means and skill to manage a landholding like that, which, as we have seen, he was commandeering already from Native peoples who were not happy about it. War between settlers and Indians would occur on and off until the mid- 18th century. Richard was in his forties by the time he settled in the New World, and had been married back in England to a woman named Mercy, where their first son was born. He continued the respectable tradition of the Seymours, holding office and being involved in public affairs up to his death in 1655. Mercy and Richard’s son John was born in Hartford, and in 1667 married Mary Watson of Norwalk. Their son, also named John, born 1666, married Elizabeth Webster in 1693. Their son Moses was born in 1711, marrying Rachael Goodman. Their son Moses Jr., born 1742, married Sally Marsh in Hartford in 1771. He became a Major and fought in the Revolutionary War. Major Moses Seymour and Sally Marsh were the parents of Honorable Henry Seymour, born 1780, who brings the story full circle to Pompey, New York, in 1810.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">It is here that the Seymour family branched from their Connecticut roots after the Revolutionary War and headed to upstate New York where land, always the lure, had been made available now that it was no longer under British control. Henry Seymour and his wife Mary Ledyard Foreman traveled to Pompey as part of the Connecticut migration. During this era, many people left New England for New York to take advantage of the new land availability and followed the same trail, using covered wagons to haul their belongings. Henry and Mary would find themselves neighbors to Spencer Pomeroy and his wife, Mary Ann Coe. Once again, the Pomeroys and the Seymours, in the New World, were living side by side. Henry Seymour no doubt was very aware of his prestigious lineage, and one can only imagine if he ever mentioned Berry Pomeroy to Spencer or Mary Ann, who also might have known of the connection. Just as war had brought both the Pomeroy and Seymour families to Devon to settle, war had again opened up property and opportunity for the two families to establish themselves on land in upstate New York. Spencer Pomeroy had also come from a long line of prestigious and accomplished people, with forebears who had fought in the American Revolution and were founders and first settlers of Massachusetts, just as Richard de Seymour was in Connecticut. In their own way, both families made an indelible mark on British and American history for over 800 years. Readers may also recognize Henry Seymour because he was the father of Honorable Horatio Seymour, born Pompey 1810. In 1811, the family moved to Utica, settling on Whitesboro Street, where they lived in an American Federal style mansion that was, ironically, similar in style to the Seymour House of Berry Pomeroy. Horatio became governor of New York in 1852. He was an Abolitionist, Labor Activist and in 1868 was nominated for president by the Democratic Party, but was defeated by General Grant. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Mary Ann Coe Pomeroy, wife of Spencer and neighbor to Henry Seymour in Pompey, is the subject of much research by the APHGA, as readers may know. The fascinating stories of these subjects, the Pomeroys and the Seymours, so inextricably linked in history, continue to be revealed through research.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Sources:</span><br style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;" /><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">"Berry Pomeroy and Sir Thomas 1547- - Pomeroy Twig." Berry Pomeroy and Sir Thomas 1547- - Pomeroy Twig. Google.com, n.d. Web. 21 Dec. 2012.</span><br style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;" /><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Brown, Stewart. Berry Pomeroy Castle. London: English Heritage, 1997. Print.</span><br style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;" /><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Felch, William Farrand. The Connecticut Magazine.Vol. 10. Hartford and New Haven: Connecticut Magazine, 1906. Print.156-9.</span><br style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;" /><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Locke, A. Audrey. The Seymour Family. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1914. Print.193-8.</span><br style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;" /><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Morris, Tyler Seymour. The Seymour Family. Chicago: [s.n.], 1900. Print. 180-1.</span><br style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;" /><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Links to images of Berry Pomeroy and the Serymour House:</span><br style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;" /><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">This is a reconstruction drawing of the Seymour House, now in ruins, as it would have looked when it was first built:</span><br style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;" /><a href="http://www.englishheritageprints.com/low.php?xp=media&xm=5012200"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">http://www.englishheritageprints.com/low.php?xp=media&xm=5012200</span></a><br style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;" /><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Image of Berry Pomeroy Castle with part of the Seymour House in the background:</span><br style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;" /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Berry_Pomeroy_Castle_-_geograph.org.uk_-_411651.jpg"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Berry_Pomeroy_Castle_-_geograph.org.uk_-_411651.jpg</span></a><br style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;" /><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">View of part of the ruins of the Seymour House as it looks today:</span><br style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;" /><a href="http://viewfinder.english-heritage.org.uk/search/reference.aspx?uid=85655&index=300&form=advanced&county=DEVON"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">http://viewfinder.english-heritage.org.uk/search/reference.aspx?uid=85655&index=300&form=advanced&county=DEVON</span></a><br style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;" /><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Engraving showing the grounds and valley around Berry Pomeroy:</span><br style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;" /><a href="http://www.1st-art-gallery.com/Joseph-Mallord-William-Turner/Berry-Pomeroy-Castle,-From-The-Liber-Studiorum,-Engraved-By-The-Artist,-1816.html"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">http://www.1st-art-gallery.com/Joseph-Mallord-William-Turner/Berry-Pomeroy-Castle,-From-The-Liber-Studiorum,-Engraved-By-The-Artist,-1816.html</span></a></span>Susan Hugheshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06412744821381463346noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3285100268676605169.post-20751048440501592572012-11-16T16:52:00.001-05:002012-11-16T16:52:33.585-05:00Maternity, Gender and Class: A Comparison of the Spauldings of Buckland and the family of Hart Lester Pomeroy of Pittsfield, Mass. <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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by Kate Corbett Pollack </div>
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For the past year, I
have been transcribing and writing about the letters in our archives written by
the Spaulding family of Buckland, Massachusetts. The APHGA also has in its
archives a letters collection written by members of the Pomeroy family of
Pittsfield, Massachusetts. Dottie H., an APHGA member, and descendant of Hart
and Lester Pomeroy graciously lent us the collection which we scanned and
photographed and returned to her.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span> </div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-wcXSe_o6q2I/UKa0y8Mf2gI/AAAAAAAAAHU/uG-bfcXGrW0/s1600/Lemuel+Pomeroy+portrait.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-wcXSe_o6q2I/UKa0y8Mf2gI/AAAAAAAAAHU/uG-bfcXGrW0/s200/Lemuel+Pomeroy+portrait.jpg" width="150" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Portrait of Lemuel Pomeroy.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Readers
may know of Hart Lester(1781-1852) and Lemuel Pomeroy (1778-1849). The couple
was married on June 2<sup>nd</sup>, 1800. Lemuel Pomeroy gained prominence as a
small arms manufacturer and businessman who was contracted by the United States
government and the state of New York in the early 1800s to provide weapons for
the military. He was one of Pittsfield’s most wealthy and prominent citizens,
and is memorialized in books for his contributions to American history and
industry. He also owned a large woolen mill in Pittsfield. I discovered that
the APHGA did not have very much in the database about his wife, Hart Lester of
Preston, Connecticut. Like many women from her era, researching her life and
genealogy is difficult and requires creativity, due to a lack of information. Having
access to letters written by the Lester women in the late 1700s is invaluable,
and provides a truly fascinating look into their lives. They also mention
family members who otherwise may have remained unknown to us. Unlike the
Spauldings, who were a rural family of modest means headed by a minister, the
Lester-Pomeroys were a very wealthy, socially connected upper-class family. Many
of their concerns and experiences were completely different from those of the
Spauldings, who lived in the same region during the same era. The brutality of
survival did not plague the Lester-Pomeroy family in quite the same way.
However, certain things the two families did have in common. While I noticed
many contrasts in the lives and letters of these two groups of women, I also
noticed similarities.</div>
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<br /></div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-VDbVd1CXNoM/UKa03MsnVjI/AAAAAAAAAHc/j4SG8QZiOlM/s1600/Hart+Lester+Pomeroy+portrait.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-VDbVd1CXNoM/UKa03MsnVjI/AAAAAAAAAHc/j4SG8QZiOlM/s200/Hart+Lester+Pomeroy+portrait.jpg" width="150" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Portrait of Hart Lester Pomeroy.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
The Hart Lester letters
include the correspondence of Hart, her sister-in-law Damaris Lord, and a yet
unnamed aunt, some written before Hart was married and living in Plainfield,
Connecticut, where the Lester family was from. It is also where Reverend Josiah
Spaulding (1751-1823) grew up. A 1798 letter written to then 17-year-old Hart
Lester by her aunt reveals that Hart was attending Plainfield Academy:</div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">With Pleasure my dear Harty I received your
letter…it is very nice, I am very glad to find you are at Plainfield under the
tuition of A gentleman whose abilities I think capable of rendering you great
advantage, I hope you will pay strict attention my dear girl & not think
more of the tutor than you do of your studies, I only give you A little warning
Harty as I hear he is A fine young Man, I think he has A fine chance to fix his
choice among so many fine girls unless his heart is steel’d, but enough of him…</i></div>
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At first I thought that
Hart was being privately tutored by a professor or teacher in the Plainfield
area, because women did not usually attend this type of school in the late
1700s. Academies were for men. However, the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History
of Windham County, Connecticut: Vol. 1-2 </i>in its chapter on Plainfield Academy
reports that “the school was organized for both sexes”, and mentions Hart
Lester directly:</div>
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<span style="font-size: 10pt;">“It
may not be irrelevant to notice among the young ladies, Miss Catherine Putnam,
granddaughter of General Putnam of the Revolution, who married Francis Brinely,
Esq. of Boston; the Misses Lester of Preston - one of whom married Hon. Lemuel
Pomeroy of Pittsfield, Mass.; …with many others who have adorned society by
their example and their influence.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn1" name="_ednref1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[i]</span></span></span></span></a>”</span></div>
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Plainfield Academy
was founded in 1770. It endured through the Revolutionary War, and gained
prominence as a superior academic institution, attracting students from all
over the region and abroad. Plainfield through the late 1700s became a lively
place full of bright young people from families respectable enough to send
their children to the prestigious academy, which charged tuition. There young
men were prepared for college, specifically Yale, or business. Young women
received enough education, separate from the male population, to be considered
eligible marriage material. From <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">History
of Windham County</i>:</div>
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<span style="font-size: 10pt;">“Society
in Plainfield was quickened and elevated by Academic influence. The brilliant
young graduates who served as teachers found in this rural town a select circle
of accomplished and attractive young women and usually carried away a wife, or
left their hearts behind them.”</span></div>
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Teachers in this era
of New England history were young, unmarried men (as I wrote about in last
month’s blog post). Hart could not expect to have her own career, and her
education served only to make her into a respectable lady who could marry well.
The “advantage” Hart’s aunt was speaking of in the above letter was the
opportunity for a prestigious marriage, which she did achieve with her
betrothal to Lemuel Pomeroy in 1800, only two years after the letter was
written. Hart was 19 at the time of her marriage. By 1801, she had given birth
to the first of her eleven surviving children. Hart was either pregnant or
nursing for the next twenty years of her life. Despite Hart’s wealth, education
and social class, her role was ultimately to bear children, as many as
possible. Hart’s Congregationalist background taught that this was women’s life
purpose. Plainfield Academy was also a Congregationalist (Puritan-Calvinist)
school, founded by members of the church. At that time, it was the only
religion in the area. There were no other churches, and religion was not kept
separate from education, nor was it separate from the state and town
governments at this time.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn2" name="_ednref2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Most areas of Hart’s life would have been affected by her religion, although
the letters in the Lester-Pomeroy collection do not mention religion as much as
the Spaulding sisters’ do. It is possible that this family did not have the
need to cling to it quite as much due to their wealth providing a less grim
life for them.</div>
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Wealth and status
aside, the lines between the Spaulding sisters and the Lesters start to blur in
other areas. The Lester-Pomeroy women may have been wealthy, well-educated
socialites who did not worry about having enough to eat or toiling over a
burning hearth all day, as the Spaulding women did, but the hardships of
childrearing and their limited ability to participate in the public sphere of
life isolated them in much the same ways. The reality of childrearing is key to
understanding the experience of women from this or any era. Dr. Judith Walzer
Leavitt’s essay “Under the Shadow of Maternity”, mentions Mary Vial Holyoke:</div>
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<span style="font-size: 9pt;">“Take,
for example, the life of Mary Vial Holyoke, who married into a prominent New
England family in 1759. In 1760, after ten months of marriage, she gave birth
to her first baby. Two years later, her second was born. In 1765 she was again
“brought to bed” of a child. Pregnant immediately again, she bore another child
in 1766… during the next twelve years she bore five more children. The first
twenty-three years of Mary Vial Holyoke’s married life, the years of her youth
and vigor, were spent pregnant or recovering from childbirth. Because only
three of her twelve children lived to adulthood, she withstood, also, frequent
tragedies… Mary Holyoke had little choice in her frequent pregnancies: her life
reveals how the biological capacity of women to bear children historically has
translated into life’s destiny for individual women.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn3" name="_ednref3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 9pt;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></a>”</span></div>
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Mary Holyoke and
Hart Lester both belonged to upper class New England families. In my
genealogical research of New England, what first struck me was the enormous
size of families common in the 1600s through the early 1800s. Family sizes were
sometimes upwards of twelve children. A second wife in some circumstances would
be brought in shortly after the death of the first and continue the pattern of
constant childrearing, picking up where the first wife left off. This created
gaps in sibling ages of up to thirty years. By the early 1800s, average family
size was about seven surviving children.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn4" name="_ednref4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Throughout the 1600s this was also the average:</div>
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<span style="font-size: 9pt;">“In
the early-17th century, women usually married between ages 20 and 23. (The aged
[sic] dropped somewhat in succeeding generations and was younger in some
locales than others.) They probably spent up to 20 years bearing children and
most of their adult life raising them. There were some large families of 10 to
15 children, but the average family had six or seven. Many children died from
disease in infancy or early childhood (only about half of Colonial infants
reached adulthood). Most couples lost one or more children.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn5" name="_ednref5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 9pt;">[v]</span></span></span></span></a>”</span></div>
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The above
information does not factor in the instance of the second wife, however. It is
referring to the childrearing of individual women. The addition of a second
wife would also mean that she would be responsible for the deceased first
wife’s children, of which the average was seven, as well as her own. It is also
possible that a second wife would be bringing children from a previous marriage
to the new family, and statistics don’t always factor this in. A genealogist
will notice these patterns. Family size dropped as developments in women’s
equality, public health and access to family planning, among other factors,
progressed into the twentieth century. As we have seen in last month’s blog
post on Mary Howes, the opportunity for college and career offered some women
the choice of a different life, one where they had more control over their own
destinies. Hart Lester attended a prestigious secondary school academy, but
that was the end of her educational options. The expectation was that it would make
her more eligible for marriage to a socially and financially prominent man, and
as soon as she graduated, marriage and childrearing commenced. Her role as a
woman of wife and bearer of children was not very different from the role of
the women of the Spaulding family.</div>
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What is also similar
in the letters of the Lester and Spaulding women is their bond. Like Mary
Spaulding’s sister-in-law Deborah Pomeroy Trowbridge, Hart’s sister-in-law
Damaris Lord Lester fills the role of an actual blood sister, and there is no
differentiation in how she is addressed, or what her role is: she is a sister
to Hart, called one, and treated as one. Deborah Pomeroy Trowbridge was not
only a sister to Mary Spaulding Pomeroy; she was considered part of the family
by Nancy, Lydia and Deborah Spaulding, as well. What struck me during the
course of transcribing the 144 letters of the Spaulding family was this
incredible closeness and bond between the women (written about in my December
14<sup>th</sup>, 2011 post <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Spaulding
Sisters).</i> No important anniversary was left unremembered by the women, and
they wrote to each other through the hardest of times, speaking candidly of
death and offering mutual support. Damaris and Hart’s relationship was similar.
From a September 21, 1800 letter from Damaris Lord Lester to Hart Lester
Pomeroy referencing the death of a friend:</div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“I received yours [letter] My Dear Sister by
Mr. Belcher for which I return you many hearty thanks… I hope you will ever
feel inclined to pour balm in the bosom of the afflicted the wisest of all the
sons of Adam said it is better to go to the house of Mourning than to the house
of feasting, and I think I can truly say for one when I have attended those
trying scenes have felt and inward satisfaction very different from the
sensations of Mirth & jollity lest us, My Dear Sister bear a part in the
joys and sorrows of all our friends…”</i></div>
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Damaris was telling
Hart about her personal experience with the mourning process in this letter.
Another aspect of the Spaulding and Lester-Pomeroy letters is the scarce
mention of the men in their lives. The APHGA has many more letters written by
the Spauldings, and it is in their letters where I have noticed this more,
mostly because of the sheer amount of material. Evidently, it was not unusual
for the time period, as written about by Dr. Carol Smith-Rosenberg in her
seminal work “The Female World of Love and Ritual: Relations between Women in Nineteenth-Century
America”:</div>
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<span style="font-size: 9pt;">“Several
factors in American society between the mid-eighteenth and the mid-nineteenth
centuries may well have permitted women to form a variety of close emotional
relationships with other women. American society was characterized in large
part by rigid gender-role differentiation within the family and within society
as a whole, leading to the emotional segregation of women and men. The roles of
daughter and mother shaded imperceptibly and ineluctably into each other, while
the biological realities of frequent pregnancies, childbirth, nursing, and
menopause bound women together in physical and emotional intimacy.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn6" name="_ednref6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 9pt;">[vi]</span></span></span></span></a>”</span></div>
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We are
very fortunate to have letters written by these families in our archives at the
APHGA, and their examination can contribute exponentially to the study of
American History; specifically providing insight into the private world of
America’s women in the 18<sup>th</sup> and 19<sup>th</sup> centuries. We cannot
look up Hart Lester or Mary Spaulding in a history book; we cannot learn about
their lives in the same way we can learn about their husbands’. The experience
of genders, however, is critical in aiding our understanding of America’s past.
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169" name="_GoBack"></a></div>
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<div id="edn1" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref1" name="_edn1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[i]</span></span></span></span></a> Larned,
Ellen D. History of Windham County, Connecticut. Vol. 1-2. Worcester, MA:
Author, 1874. Excerpt from Ancestry.com<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><a href="http://tinyurl.com/bj9dqq5">http://tinyurl.com/bj9dqq5</a></div>
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<div id="edn2" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref2" name="_edn2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></a> "Town
History."Plainfield History.Plainfield Historical Society, 2011.Web. 16
Nov. 2012. <http: own_history.html="own_history.html" www.plainfieldhistory.org="www.plainfieldhistory.org">.</http:></div>
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<div id="edn3" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref3" name="_edn3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></a> Leavitt,
Judith Walzer, and Jane SherronDeHart. "Under the Shadow of Maternity:
American Women's Responses to Death and Debility Fears in Nineteenth Century
Childbirth." <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Feminist Studies</i> 12
(1986): 129-54. Rpt. in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Women's America:
Refocusing the Past</i>. By Linda K. Kerber. New York: Oxford UP, 2000. 184-91.
Print. 185.</div>
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<div id="edn4" style="mso-element: endnote;">
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref4" name="_edn4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[iv] </span></span></span></span></a>"Achievements
in Public Health, 1900-1999: Family Planning." Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2 Dec. 1999. Web.
16 Nov. 2012. <http: mm4847a1.htm="mm4847a1.htm" mmwr="mmwr" mmwrhtml="mmwrhtml" preview="preview" www.cdc.gov="www.cdc.gov">.</http:></div>
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<div id="edn5" style="mso-element: endnote;">
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref5" name="_edn5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[v]</span></span></span></span></a> Gormley,
Myra Vanderpool, CG. "Colonial Love and Marriage."Colonial Love and Marriage.Genealogymagazine.com,
2004.Web. 16 Nov. 2012. <http: coloandma.html="coloandma.html" www.genealogymagazine.com="www.genealogymagazine.com">.</http:></div>
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<br /></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref6" name="_edn6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[vi] </span></span></span></span></a>Smith-Rosenberg,
Carol. "The Female World of Love and Ritual: Relations between Women in
Nineteenth-Century America." <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Signs</i>
1.1 (1975): 1-29. JSTOR.Web. 16 Nov. 2012. 9</div>
</div>
</div>
Susan Hugheshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06412744821381463346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3285100268676605169.post-60343468817741918762012-10-09T13:58:00.001-04:002012-10-09T16:35:33.639-04:00A Tale of Love and Loss at the Onondaga County Poorhouse<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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by Nancy Maliwesky </div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
On January 3, 1832 Patty Kingman, 41, Huldah Kingman, 14,
Jason Kingman, 13, Henry Kingman, 11, Sally Kingman, 7, Lafayette Kingman, 4,
and Joseph Kingman, 2, entered the Onondaga County Poorhouse.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The cost of their stay was charged to the
town of Pompey<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn1" name="_ednref1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">[i]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
On January 17, 1832, 14 year old Huldah received 6 yards
of calico, 1/3 yard of lining and thread valued at $1.06, and a pair of shoes
valued at $1.50.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She was bound out on
trial on January 30, 1832 to William A. Cook.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Her length of stay at the Poorhouse was four weeks.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On January 18, 1832, 13 year old Jason
(spelled Jasin in the Poorhouse ledger), received 2 ½ yards of shirting at the
cost of 31¢.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was released March 13,
1832, after ten weeks stay.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On February
2, 1832, 11 year old Henry Kingman received one pair of hose valued at $1.13
and was bound out on trial to R.L. Hess of Syracuse.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His length of stay at the Poorhouse was four
weeks and one day.</div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
On February 8, 1832, 2 year old Joseph Kingman received 2
yards of factory gingham and thread valued at 35¢.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On February 20, 1832, Patty Kingman (presumed
the mother of this family) received 2 yards of factory gingham and thread
valued at 35¢.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She was discharged from
the Poorhouse on April 21, 1832 after fifteen weeks and four days stay.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Prior to her leaving the Poorhouse, though,
Patty and her family suffered great loss.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>On March 27, 1832, Joseph Kingman, 2 years old, died.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On March 30, 1832, Lafayette Kingman, 4 years
old, died.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On April 19, 1832, Sally
Kingman, 7 years old, died.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
Poorhouse records suggest that the three young Kingman children were buried on the
Poorhouse property.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Kingman family
was not alone in their grief, as eleven souls passed at the Poorhouse during
the months of March and April 1832.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ten
of the eleven who died were children.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
As the Director of the American Pomeroy Historic
Genealogical Association, I am familiar with the early history of the Onondaga
County Poorhouse, as Spencer Pomeroy died there on May 2, 1833.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Spencer immediately came to mind when I read
in an article in the Syracuse Post Standard on Monday, December 6, 2010 that
told the story of an archaeological dig taking place on the grounds of the old
Poorhouse when construction on that site unearthed the remains of twenty four
people who had been buried behind the hospital in the 19<sup>th</sup>
century.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There have been several hospitals on this site. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span>The 1928 hospital is the only building still
standing at the site.</div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
I contacted Daniel Seib, the chief archaeologist at the
site (which was being run by the Public Archaeology Facility at SUNY Binghamton)
and expressed my interest in their work at the Poorhouse, and asked what I
could do to help.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Knowing of the ledger
books at the Town of Onondaga Historical Society, I offered to photograph and
transcribe the early ledgers to help identify those inmates who had died during
this timeframe. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ledger books 1 and 2
contain information regarding inmates and expenses at the Poorhouse from 1827
through 1836. The next ledger book in the collection begins with expenses for
the year 1856, and then lists inmates starting in 1861, so it is obvious that
one or more books have gone missing.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Because of this my research was not complete, and a full inventory of
those buried at the Poorhouse site was not available.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If anyone knows where there ledgers are,
please contact the Town of Onondaga Historical Society or Jane Tracey, the Town
Historian.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While these ledgers have no
monetary value, the information contained in the books is important to those
researching the area and especially to those people who had family members who
were in the Poorhouse. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Daniel contacted
me on Monday, September 24<sup>th</sup> to let me know that he would be giving
a talk at Onondaga Community College about the Poorhouse dig and their
findings.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The lecture was held on
Monday, October 1<sup>st</sup> at 11:20am in Mulroy Hall, room 410.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Appropriately, Mulroy Hall is the H-1
building (the 1928 hospital built at the Poorhouse site).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He also told me that the reburial of the
remains found at the site would take place on Wednesday, September 26, 2012 at
the Loomis Hill Cemetery in the Town of Onondaga.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
Perhaps the most thrilling news for me was that of the eighty
sets of remains discovered at the site, Daniel and his team were able to
positively identify three persons based on the research that I had provided
them with.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These were the Kingman
siblings, Joseph, Lafayette and Sally.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I
decided to see if I could find out more information about the Kingman
family.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It would be wonderful if we
could connect with living kin and share their story.</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
As the Kingman family’s stay at the Poorhouse was charged
to the town of Pompey, I decided to start with the 1830 U.S. Federal Census for
Pompey, Onondaga County, New York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There
I found the household of Justus Kingman.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>In the household were two free white males under five, one free white
male between five and nine years of age, one free white male between ten and
fourteen years of age, two free white males between fifteen and nineteen years
of age, one free white male between forty and forty nine years of age, one free
white female between five and nine years of age, one free white female between
ten and fourteen years of age, and one free white female between forty and
forty nine years of age.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Using the ages
listed in the Poorhouse ledger I was able to match all the children, the
presumed mother Patty, and the presumed father, Justus.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Two additional people in the household (both males
aged between fifteen and nineteen years) appeared not to have entered the
Poorhouse with the younger of Justus and Patty’s children.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
Where was Justus Kingman in January 1832; and why did his
wife and younger children end up in the Poorhouse?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Did he die, or was he out of town and some of
the family members took sick, so the mother took them to the Poorhouse for
treatment?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is interesting that Jason,
who was old enough to have been bound out, was released from the Poorhouse a
full month before his mother was.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Where
did Jason go?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Were there other family
members who took him in?</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
I was able to find a marriage record for a Jason Kingman,
born about 1819 in New York in the “Michigan Marriages, 1868-1925” database on
FamilySearch.org.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The marriage place was
Perrinton, Gratiot County, Michigan and Jason’s parents were listed at J.
Kingman and Pattie Chapman.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Further
research identified a short biography of this Jason Kingman on pages 483-484 of
the book <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Portrait and Biographical Album
of Gratiot County, Michigan </i>available on GoogleBooks, as follows:</div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> <i> </i></span><i>“Jason
Kingman, farmer, on section 20, Fulton Township, is the son of Justus and Patty
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>(Chatman) Kingman, natives of
Vermont.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They first settled in Madison
County, N.Y., and <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span>afterward removed
to Tioga Co., Pa., where he died, in 1830.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>She died four years later, in <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span>Onondaga
Co., N.Y.</i></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“The
subject of this biography, Jason Kingman, was born in Cortland Co., N.Y., June
11, 1819, <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span>and was 11 years old when
his parents removed to Pennsylvania.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>When he was 16 years old, <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span>having
lost both his parents, he was obliged to make a start for himself, and for two
years he <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span>was employed in
farming for others.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He then went to sea
as a common sailor, and followed that <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span>life
until 1853, when he came to Lenawee Co., Mich.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>For two years he was engaged in making <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span>pearlash.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1855 he bought a farm in Lenawee Co.,
Mich., which he worked for a short time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span>Selling this place, he purchased
in Fulton Co., Ohio, where he lived eight years.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the spring of<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span> 1864 he came to Gratiot County and bought 80 acres of land on
section 20, Fulton.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He has since <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span>disposed of 30 acres and has 40 acres
improved.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the summer of 1883 he built
a finely-<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span>planned residence.</i></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“In
Adrian, Lenawee Co., Mich., in December, 1855, he married Miss Mary J. Cooley,
who was <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>born in Orleans Co., N.Y., Jan. 13,
1834.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Her parents, Justus and Clarissa
(Baker) Cooley, were <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span>natives
of the State of New York, and came to Michigan in an early day, settling in
Medina, <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Lenawee County, where they yet
reside.</i></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<i><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“Mr.
and Mrs. Kingman are active members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He is a member <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span>of the Masonic Order.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Politically, he has always supported the Republican party, but being
very<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>pronounced in his
temperance views, he casts all his influence with the Prohibitionists.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn2" name="_ednref2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></a>”</i></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
A check of U.S. Federal Census records for Jason Kingman,
born about 1819 in New York, and living in Michigan by 1853, did not provide
any clear evidence that Jason had any offspring.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Jason died July 10, 1901 in Fulton, Gratiot
County, Michigan<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn3" name="_ednref3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was buried in the Fulton Center Cemetery
in Perrinton, according to FindAGrave.com.</div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
I also checked the U.S. Federal Census records for Henry
Kingman, born about 1820 in New York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Only one record was found.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>According to the 1850 U.S. Federal Census for Perry, Shiawassee County,
Michigan, a Henry C. Kingman, 29 years old, born in New York, was living with
presumed wife Amy Kingman, 21 years of age, born in New York, and presumed
children Daniel Kingman, 1 year old, born in Michigan, and Frances E. Kingman,
3 years old, born in Michigan.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also in
the household was Elizabeth Brant, 10 years old, born in Michigan.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Henry was identified as a farmer with real
estate valued at $400.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Subsequent
searches of later census records failed to identify this family, although a
genealogist researching the wife of Henry C. Kingman stated that his wife had
remarried about 1852, so Henry may have died soon after the census was
enumerated.</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
Huldah Kingman was bound out to William A. Cook in
1832.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I have not been able to find any
trace of her after that date.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She may
have married and thus changed her name, or she may have died.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I am hoping that the former is the case and
that someone connected to Huldah will read this blog article and contact me!</div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
It was in researching Daniel, the son of Henry C.
Kingman, that I had a real breakthrough, and by which I developed a better
understanding of this family.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I found a
burial record for a Daniel Kingman on FindAGrave.com.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to this record, Daniel was born in
1847 and died in 1895 and was buried in the Oak Grove Cemetery in Morenci,
Lenawee County, Michigan.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn4" name="_ednref4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I checked for other Kingmans buried in the
cemetery and found, amongst others, William P. Kingman born 1816, who died in
1902.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Attached to this record was an
image of William’s death certificate, and his parents were identified as
Justice Kingman, born in New York, and Katarah Lotimer, born in New York.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn5" name="_ednref5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">[v]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Could this be one of the older brothers who
did not enter the Poorhouse?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If so, why
was his mother’s name different than Jason Kingman’s?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A quick check of a Kingman Genealogy<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn6" name="_ednref6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">[vi]</span></span></span></span></a> on
GoogleBooks helped to answer this question.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Keturah Latimer was the wife of Mitchell Kingman, and the mother of
Justus Kingman.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Perhaps the informant on
William’s death certificate was confused about William’s mother’s name.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
It seemed interesting to me that Daniel Kingman, son of
Henry C. Kingman, would be buried in the same cemetery with his uncle
William.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As I delved more into this
family, I realized that the Daniel Kingman who was buried in the Oak Grove
Cemetery was actually the son of William.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This family, as many other families of that time, had distinct naming
traditions and the same names keep popping up.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This makes sorting the families a bit of a challenge!</div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
So far I have been able to identify and trace three
children of Justus and Patty Chapman (all sons), 11 grandchildren, 9 great
grandchildren and 3 great, great grandchildren.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>William P. Kingman settled first in Shiawassee County and later resided
in Lenawee County.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Jason Kingman resided
in Lenawee, Fulton and Gratiot Counties and Henry was found in Shiawassee
County.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If you are descended from
Kingmans born in New York State and if any of the names and places in this
article match your ancestors, please contact me.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span>I
would love to share the story of this family with living descendants.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-zdrA4Xyxwc8/UHRfsz8O0bI/AAAAAAAAAG8/J6ZM26rgphg/s1600/DSCN8306.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="150" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-zdrA4Xyxwc8/UHRfsz8O0bI/AAAAAAAAAG8/J6ZM26rgphg/s200/DSCN8306.JPG" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Kingman children re-interment</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<i>Joseph, Lafayette and Sally Kingman were re-interred, with 87 other souls, in the Loomis Hill Cemetery in the Town of Onondaga, New York, on Wednesday, September 26, 2012. The remains were buried next to the remains they were originally found with, so, like the first time these children were buried, they are once again "shoulder to shoulder", or perhaps more accurately, they are now "box to box". In a sad state of affairs, a decision was made by the agency funding the archaeological research to bury the bodies in the banker's boxes they were being stored in while at the research facility. All we can do now is remember and honor these people, known and unknown, and hope that their descendants are able to find their new resting place. I wish we could have identified all of the people buried in the Poorhouse Cemetery, and now re-interred at the Loomis Hill Cemetery. Perhaps someday we can. </i> </div>
<div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br clear="all" />
<hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" />
<div id="edn1" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref1" name="_edn1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[i]</span></span></span></span></a>
Onondaga County Poorhouse Ledger 1, pp 45-46, Town of Onondaga Historian’s
Office, Onondaga, New York</div>
</div>
<div id="edn2" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref2" name="_edn2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></a>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Portrait and Biographical Album of
Gratiot County, Michigan </i>(Chicago: Chapman Brothers, 1884)</div>
</div>
<div id="edn3" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref3" name="_edn3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></a>
“Michigan Deaths and Burials, 1800-1995,” index, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">FamilySearch </i><a href="https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/FHNV-5Z5">https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/FHNV-5Z5</a>:
accessed 25 Sep 2012), Jason Kingman, 1819.</div>
</div>
<div id="edn4" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref4" name="_edn4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></a>
Find A Grave online {www.findagrave.com], record created by
With_Respect,_Always, Record added Jun 8, 2009, Find A Grave Memorial #
38071573</div>
</div>
<div id="edn5" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref5" name="_edn5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[v]</span></span></span></span></a>
Find A Grave online [www.findagrave.com], record created by
With_Respect,_Always, Record added Jun 8, 2009, Find A Grave Memorial #
38071607</div>
</div>
<div id="edn6" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref6" name="_edn6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[vi]</span></span></span></span></a>
Kingman, LeRoy Wilson, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Isbell and Kingman
Families; some records of Robert Isbell and Henry Kingman and their
descendants, </i>(Gazette Printers: Oswego, 1840)</div>
</div>
</div>
Susan Hugheshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06412744821381463346noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3285100268676605169.post-82131182317221993282012-10-08T15:57:00.001-04:002012-10-08T16:00:39.356-04:00Mary W. Howes, Lucinda Pomeroy and Electa Wing: Early Pomeroy Family Graduates of Mount Holyoke Female Seminary and Pioneers of Women’s Education.<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<span style="font-size: 11pt;">by Kate Corbett Pollack </span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 11pt;">Higher
education for American women was either not an option or was severally limited
for much of the country’s early history. From the Colonial era to the
mid-1800s, women rarely went beyond grade school or being tutored at home.
While both of those sources of education could be of very good quality, the
opportunity to continue on to college as men did was not available, nor was
becoming a teacher or principal of a school. Teachers,
school administrators and those in academia were male. Even at the local
one-room school house, teachers were primarily young, unmarried men. Colleges
for women were scarce or nonexistent, depending on the region of the country,
till about 1840. By the late 1700s, a few Female Seminaries had opened in the
United States, but remained either educationally lacking or inaccessible to
women for many reasons, some of which will be touched on in this article. For
New England and New York women, the opening of Mount Holyoke Female Seminary in
1837 in South Hadley, Massachusetts, created a new opportunity to receive a
college education that was the same curriculum as a man’s, something that was
previously almost unheard of. Some families embraced this change, such as the
family of Lucinda Pomeroy, an early Mount Holyoke graduate. Others, like the
families of Mary W. Howes, related to the Southampton Pomeroys<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn1" name="_ednref1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[i]</span></span></span></span></a>,
and Electa Wing, a cousin of Mary’s (both of Buckland, Massachusetts), did not,
nor did they provide the financial means for their daughters to go. For women
like Mary and Electa, coming up with tuition and finishing college was almost
impossible, and indeed, most who attended Mount Holyoke Female Seminary in its
earlier years were not able to graduate<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn2" name="_ednref2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></a>.
For the majority of the students, obstacles like those experienced by Mary and
Electa were contributing factors. Mary, Lucinda and Electa did graduate,
however, and all three went on to work as teachers or college administrators,
continuing the vision of Mount Holyoke’s founder, Mary Lyon, that her students
work to make education available to women all over the country and the world.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-hijgpvRmv2o/UHMsDkydoCI/AAAAAAAAAGQ/Dxj0XM1vkis/s1600/Mary+Howes+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="310" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-hijgpvRmv2o/UHMsDkydoCI/AAAAAAAAAGQ/Dxj0XM1vkis/s400/Mary+Howes+1.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
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<![endif]--><span style="font-size: x-small;">Mary W. Howes may have grown up in this home in
Buckland, Massachusetts, or close by. Across the street is Mary Lyon Church,
where Mary W. Howes’ grandfather, Reverend Josiah Spaulding, baptized Mary Lyon
in 1822. Further down the street is the house where Mary Lyon taught school.
Among her students was Mary W. Howes’ father, Ezra. </span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-size: 11pt;">Mary
W. Howes (1823-1910) was the first woman in her family who was able to go to
college. The possibility became real with the opening of Mount Holyoke Female
Seminary (now Mount Holyoke College), in Mary Howes’ region of Massachusetts<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn3" name="_ednref3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></a>.
Mary’s family saw its male members go to college almost as a matter of course,
with patriarch Reverend Spaulding, Mary’s grandfather, graduating from Yale in
1778<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn4" name="_ednref4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></a>.
Although she was the daughter of a judge, and her family had money, Reverend
Spaulding’s wife and Mary’s grandmother and namesake, Mary Williams (1756-1823),
could barely write. This was not at all uncommon for women of her era. The
family was Puritan. Protestant founders Martin Luther and John Calvin thought
that a woman’s place was in the home, and after the Protestant Reformation in
the 16<sup>th</sup> century, the tradition among adherents to this religion was
that women did not need much of an education. Prior to this, Catholic women
whose families had enough money could receive education in convents, which were
almost like private schools, and were allowed to have certain leadership roles
in the church and community. Reverend Spaulding and Mary Williams’ children
were educated, and only son Josiah was sent to Williams College, but the
Spaulding sisters (all of whom were born in the late 1700s) did not receive
much instruction beyond secondary school. Unlike their mother, they could write
legibly and well<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn5" name="_ednref5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[v]</span></span></span></span></a>,
but were expected to take care of the household and other family members, and
to get married and have children, often when they were still teenagers. Higher
education was not deemed necessary for Mary’s mother, Lydia, and Aunts. Their
lives took an extremely different course from their male counterparts. Letters
between Isaac Pomeroy, Mary Howes’ Uncle, and his brother Rufus, discussed
completely different things than letters sent to Isaac’s wife Mary Spaulding from
her sisters. The men and women in the Buckland and Southampton Spaulding and
Pomeroy families of this era lived in two very separate worlds. Women did not
participate in the public sphere of life such as college, career, civic duties
or Church leadership. Their world was the private one of home and family. Their
husbands were rarely mentioned in any of their letters, and it seems that they
almost do not exist. The men mentioned the women even less, if at all. While
Rufus and Isaac discussed politics, education, careers and theology (Rufus studied
to become a minister), Mary Spaulding and her sisters spoke of their difficult
lives taking care of children, their homes, and various family members. They wrote
of religion, but not in quite the same way- for them the thought of Heaven
being a place where they can finally be happy was a central theme. They did not
have the education to be able to discuss theology, an enjoyable intellectual
exercise for their male relatives and their husbands. The women’s lives were
intensely focused on the immediate concerns of daily survival in an era that
was rife with disease and offered little in the way of medicine or labor-saving
technology. The majority of the Spaulding and Pomeroy women</span> <span style="font-size: 11pt;">in the family died before
they were 55, because they were so worn out from childbirth and hard work<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn6" name="_ednref6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[vi]</span></span></span></span></a>. There
was virtually no other lifestyle they could have had, and it had been this way
in their families for centuries.</span></div>
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Mary Lyon Church, originally called the First Congregational
Church of Buckland. This is where Reverend Spaulding preached his
Puritan-Calvinist doctrine to most of the inhabitants of the town from
1794-1823.</div>
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young women of the next generation, the daughters of the Spaulding sisters, looked
to any available escape from this way of life, although most of them befell the
same fates as their mothers<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn7" name="_ednref7" style="mso-endnote-id: edn7;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[vii]</span></span></span></span></a>.
Mary W. Howes, the only surviving child of Lydia Spaulding and Ezra Howes, saw
education as a chance to get far away from Buckland, and to pursue her own
intellect, something she thoroughly enjoyed doing. Like certain other young
women of her generation, Mary Howes chose to deliberately forgo courtship,
marriage and childrearing in order to focus on her own endeavors and ambitions.
A woman of her time could not do both. This is why college held such a great
appeal to students like Mary. Her education could provide for her into the rest
of her life, allowing further escape from the drudgery of housework and
expectation of almost constant pregnancy and childbirth. The early deaths and
struggles of all of her aunts, her mother, and most of her cousins were not
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-FXffN3IXrsg/UHMvh3JDjkI/AAAAAAAAAGs/hMWZgp7iIKg/s1600/Mary+Howes+4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-FXffN3IXrsg/UHMvh3JDjkI/AAAAAAAAAGs/hMWZgp7iIKg/s400/Mary+Howes+4.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
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The kitchen hearth in the home where Mary W. Howes’ mother
grew up, in Buckland. The same style of hearth would have been in the homes of
Electa and Lucinda, and used by their mothers, grandmothers and great
grandmothers. For centuries, this was where many early American women spent
much of their lives, toiling over a blazing fire in order to cook and do
housework. It was very hard work and often wore women out before their 50<sup>th</sup>
birthday. College and career provided an escape from this life. Mary Lyon
designed Mount Holyoke to be as accessible as possible to women of all
financial backgrounds.</div>
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<span style="font-size: 11pt;">Many other young women in the area were of the same
mind as Mary, and had witnessed the similar struggles of their closest women
relatives. Among the first students to attend Mt. Holyoke Female Seminary were
four Pomeroys- Jerusha (1837-8), Lucinda (the only one among this early group
who graduated, in 1844), Lydia B. (1842-4), and Miranda (1841-2)<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn8" name="_ednref8" style="mso-endnote-id: edn8;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[viii]</span></span></span></span></a>.
At this time in particular, support for educated women was still minimal, and
coming up with tuition could be a challenge. Often young women relied on their
fathers to pay it, as he would be the only family member who earned an income. Many
fathers were not inclined to do so, despite Mount Holyoke’s low rates. The idea
of women going to college was very new, and some fathers did not understand how
it might benefit their daughters. In an 1845 letter to Mary Lyon from her
niece, Electa Wing<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn9" name="_ednref9" style="mso-endnote-id: edn9;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[ix]</span></span></span></span></a>,
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Dear Aunt…It is still my
settled wish to return next year and complete the course of study, I cannot
tell definitely what father will do for me relative to means. He speaks
favorably of my returning and thinks he can perhaps assist me some, he has been
gone from home almost the whole of the time since we returned, so that I have
had scarcely no time to spend with him on the subject he went again early this
morning, but I succeeded in finding a moment to speak to him, and asked him
whether he felt able and willing to assist me some, he said in reply that he
was owing some money, has lost considerable and expected to lose some more, but
said he, “I will think of it, I am in haste this morning but I will think of it”...this
is to me as favorable as I shall expect.</span></i></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
Stained glass window memorializing Mary Lyon (1797-1849) at
Mary Lyon Church, Buckland, Massachusetts. Mary Lyon grew up in Buckland and
first taught school there before going on to found Mount Holyoke Female
Seminary in 1837 in South Hadley. Her endeavors made it possible for Lucinda
Pomeroy, Mary W. Howes and Electa Wing, among many other young women, to attend
college and receive and excellent education. All three became teachers and
school administrators upon graduating. They were among the first generation of
American women teachers.</div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 11pt;">Despite
this difficulty, Electa was able to graduate from the Seminary and went on to
have a teaching career, due in part to Mary Lyon providing her with the money
and support to do so. She obtained a paid teaching job in Ohio, but sadly only
lived to be 29 years old, dying in 1847, but not before she taught at Ohio
schools, bringing education to young women in areas that did not previously
offer it. She continued to write to her Aunt Mary Lyon up to her death.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn10" name="_ednref10" style="mso-endnote-id: edn10;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[x]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 11pt;">Mary
W. Howes also had difficulty coming up with enough tuition to attend the seminary
long enough to graduate, despite her father’s wealth. Ezra had been instructed
in Mary Lyon’s Buckland classrooms when he was a boy, but did not feel that his
own daughter should receive the same educational opportunities as he had. In an
1843 letter to her Aunt Mary Ann Pomeroy of Southampton, and her cousin, Mary
Ann Jr., Mary wrote:</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<i><span style="font-size: 11pt;">I so much desire [education]
having attained but little more than a solitary grain from an overflowing
storehouse, which I think can be opened to me if my funds were sufficient; by
close investigation and patient study, and this I should accomplish [should] my
friends view the importance of it in the light it appears to me; two hundred
dollars with the two years of time would allow me to graduate at South Hadley,
and this amount of money could not procure for me a greater amount of enjoyment
in any other way…</span></i><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn11" name="_ednref11" style="mso-endnote-id: edn11;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[xi]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 11pt;">Other
letters from Mary to her cousins reveal that Ezra was not supportive of her
education, and she consistently had to appeal to the women in the family for
support. In a July 28<sup>th</sup>, 1845 letter written from Mt. Holyoke
Seminary from Mary to her cousin Deborah S. Coleman (the daughter of Mary’s
aunt Nancy Spaulding):</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">My dear cousin Deborah,</span></i></div>
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<br /></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">I have just received a
letter from home Which contained not very grateful intelligence. It was in
reply to one I wrote requesting Father to come and the cause of it not being very
thankfully said was the he considered it very doubtful about his coming &
how I am going home is a mystery. Forgive the encouragement that you should be
here at examination as rather at anniversary and Mrs Pomroy with her usual
kindness and accommodation proposed the same thing last spring.</span></i></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 11pt;">Further
research is needed to reveal which “Mrs. Pomroy” Mary is referring to. This
Mrs. Pomeroy is mentioned again, later in the letter:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">I want very much myself to
take a school, but have not as yet… I wonder if I could possibly get a school
in Westhampton If Mrs Pomeroy is acquainted there I wish she would do me the favor
of a recommendation at least.</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 11pt;">It
is most likely that Mrs. Pomeroy was a relative who supported Mary’s education,
and contributed to her being able to actually graduate. She also seems to have
had connections in education, as Mary thought she might be able to get her a
teaching job. While Mary’s father would not even do her the courtesy of picking
her up from school and returning her home for summer vacation, leaving her
stranded and worried during her final examinations, some of Mary’s women cousins
seemed to be more understanding. Mary wrote to them frequently about her
studies and her life. Her 1843 letter in which she appealed to her cousin and Aunt
for funds also mentioned that she had a teaching job in nearby Sunderland. This
job, however, was not enough to pay her tuition. How she was ultimately able to
come up with the money is a mystery, but Mary graduated from Mount Holyoke
Female Seminary in 1846, one year before the arrival of Emily Dickinson. Her
life and career took her on many great adventures, and she traveled all over
the United States and the world. In the 1850s, Mary worked in rural southwestern
Alabama opening colleges for women during the height of slavery, and what she
saw there influenced her thoughts on Abolition. She joined the congregation of
Abolitionist minister Albert Barnes in Philadelphia after leaving the south in
about 1857. During the Civil War, she was a nurse in the Union Army under the
renowned mental health reformer Dorothea Dix, and in the 1880s was a member of
the congregation of the famous Abolitionist preacher Henry Ward Beecher (the
brother of Harriet Beecher Stowe),in Brooklyn, New York. By that time she had married
Peter Goddard of Buckland (in 1865) and became mother to his son, Dr. Frederick
Leland. The couple also adopted a son named August the year they were married. The
entire family relocated to Sitka, Alaska, in the early 1900s to open a therapeutic
hot springs Sanitarium, which still exists today and is called Goddard Hotel.
Mary remained in contact with Mount Holyoke until the end of her life,
corresponding with their librarian and Memorandum Society up to her death in
1910.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 11pt;">Lucinda
Pomeroy had more family support to attend college than Mary or Electa. Her
parents encouraged her and her sisters’ education. The eldest of the eight
surviving children born to Oren and Lucinda Pomeroy, of Somers, Connecticut (a
city that borders Massachusetts near Springfield), Lucinda was always
encouraged to learn. Her mother, also named Lucinda (b. 1801), was a teacher of
adult women at her church in Somers, and considered an inspiration to the town.
The elder Lucinda’s father, Capt. Samuel Pomeroy of Somers, was a well-loved
teacher, and encouraged his daughter. Lucinda married Oren Pomeroy, a Deacon
and her second cousin, in 1822. Lucinda (Jr.) was born in 1823, the same year
as her future classmate Mary Howes, and was an intelligent child. Her mother
made sure to tutor Lucinda, and she was enrolled in the best grade school
available. Lucinda’s younger sisters also attended Mount Holyoke; Sarah
Catherine Pomeroy and Harriet Strong Pomeroy (who became a teacher), both went.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn12" name="_ednref12" style="mso-endnote-id: edn12;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[xii]</span></span></span></span></a>
This family provides evidence that once college became available for women,
some parents jumped at the chance to be able to send their daughters, although
this was not the usual circumstance.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Lucinda graduated from Mount Holyoke in 1844,
and went on to teach in Freehold, New Jersey; Lockport and Pekin, New York, and
West Stafford, Connecticut. Like Mary Howes, Lucinda was following Mary Lyon’s
wish that graduating students continue her mission and bring educational
opportunities to young women all over the country and the world. She died in
Connecticut in 1895 at age 71.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn13" name="_ednref13" style="mso-endnote-id: edn13;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[xiii]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 11pt;">These
three Pomeroy family women came from different backgrounds and had their own
unique experiences with pursuing education. Each is an example from American
history of the type of journey women from their era took in order to obtain
their educational goals. We can look to their lives to understand how American
women approached the new opportunity of college and career just as it was
beginning to become available, and the resourcefulness that was so often
required in order for them to do so. All three women were also among the early
movement of teachers in the 1830s-1850s who traveled to other states and helped
to found female seminaries where there previously were none. This was hard work
and required that they go out of their element, to places where they did not
know anyone and people were unused to women educators and administrators. It is
in this way that they were reformers and pioneers. Reform takes the work of
many, and is very slow. Today, educated women the world over can look to Mary
Lyon and her students and colleagues with gratitude. In the developing world,
the obstacles Mary Howes, Lucinda Pomeroy and Electa Wing faced are still very
real hurdles for millions of women today. Education is still out of reach for
many American women for some of the same reasons faced by women of Mary,
Lucinda and Electa’s era. We can look to their legacy and remember that their
work must be continued.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" />
<div id="edn1" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref1" name="_edn1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[i]</span></span></span></span></a> Her
Uncle and Aunt were Isaac Pomeroy (1781-1815) and Mary Spaulding (1785-1839).</div>
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div id="edn2" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref2" name="_edn2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">General Catalogue of Officers and Students
of Mount Holyoke Seminary, 1837-1887</i>. Hadley: Mount Holyoke Seminary and
College, 1889. 15-155</div>
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div id="edn3" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref3" name="_edn3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></a> Other
Female Seminaries had been open in New England before Mount Holyoke. Litchfield
Female Academy (1792), Hartford Female Seminary (1823), and Ipswich Female
Seminary (1828) were open in the area, but were not as close as Mt. Holyoke.</div>
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div id="edn4" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref4" name="_edn4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></a> John
Farmer Esq., <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">A List of the Graduates, and
Those Who Have Received Degrees, at all of the New England Colleges</i>, The Quarterly
Register VII (Feb 1835): 307</div>
</div>
<div id="edn5" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref5" name="_edn5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[v]</span></span></span></span></a> Based on
their letters in the collection of the APHGA.</div>
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div id="edn6" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref6" name="_edn6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[vi]</span></span></span></span></a> Mary
Spaulding Pomeroy d. 1839, age 53; Nancy Spaulding Coleman d. 1840, age 51;
Deborah Spaulding d. 1845, age 51, Lydia Spaulding Howes d. 1836, age 39, (Josiah
lived to be 81).</div>
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div id="edn7" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref7" name="_edn7" style="mso-endnote-id: edn7;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[vii]</span></span></span></span></a> Mary
Ann Pomeroy (Mary Spaulding Pomeroy’s daughter) d.1864 (age 49), Thankful
Coleman (Nancy Spaulding Coleman’s daughter) d. 1853, age 37(the sisters’ other
children died in childhood); Mary Ann Pomeroy, Jr. (Mary Ann Pomeroy’s daughter)
d. 1861, age 24 (Mary Ann Pomeroy’s other children died in childhood).</div>
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div id="edn8" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref8" name="_edn8" style="mso-endnote-id: edn8;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[viii]</span></span></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Catalogue of the Memorandum Society of Mount
Holyoke Female Seminary for Thirty Years, Ending 1867.</i> Northampton:
Bridgman & Childs, 1867. 73.</div>
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div id="edn9" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref9" name="_edn9" style="mso-endnote-id: edn9;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[ix]</span></span></span></span></a> Mary
Lyon’s sister, Jemima (born at Buckland, 1787) married into part of the
Spaulding family. From a February 6th, 1826 letter to Mary Spaulding Pomeroy
from her sister, Nancy Spaulding Coleman:</div>
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Uncle Tobey had a
fall from his barn shed last November the week before thanksgiving he fell on
to his head and shoulders and his life was despaired of for some time but he
has gotten better it was the same day that Bathsheba was married to a Mr Wing a
widower with four children he lives in the center of the town of Hawley.</i></div>
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
Bathsheba Tobey married Benjamin wing in 1825. Benjamin
died ten years later, and Bathsheba then married his brother, Elisha. Elisha’s
first wife was Jemima Lyon, Mary Lyon’s sister, and Electa’s mother. Electa was
born in 1818. Jemima died in 1838. In 1840, Bathsheba and Elisha were married,
making Bathsheba Electa’s stepmother. Mary Williams Spaulding’s sister, Deborah
Williams, and Deacon Isaac Tobey were the parents of Bathsheba. Deacon Isaac
was the Uncle mentioned in the above letter. See: Lyon(s), A.B., M.D., and G.W.A.
Lyon, M.D. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Lyon Memorial</i>. Detroit:
Wm. Graham Printing, 1905. Print.271-273.</div>
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div id="edn10" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref10" name="_edn10" style="mso-endnote-id: edn10;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[x]</span></span></span></span></a> Ludwig,
CR. "Correspondence of Electa Wing Class of 1846." <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Correspondence of Electa Wing Class of 1846</i>.
Mount Holyoke College, Mar. 2000. Web. 05 Oct. 2012. <http: arch="arch" col="col" completed="completed" library="library" lits="lits" msrg="msrg" sum="sum" wing.html="wing.html" www.mtholyoke.edu="www.mtholyoke.edu">.</http:></div>
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div id="edn11" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref11" name="_edn11" style="mso-endnote-id: edn11;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xi]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>$200 in 1843 would be about $6,250.00 in
2012.</div>
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div id="edn12" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref12" name="_edn12" style="mso-endnote-id: edn12;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xii]</span></span></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Commemorative Biographical Record of Tolland
and Windham Counties Connecticut</i>. Chicago: J.H. Beers & Co., 1903.</div>
</div>
<div id="edn13" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref13" name="_edn13" style="mso-endnote-id: edn13;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[xiii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Lucinda’s brother, Oren Day Pomeroy, graduated at the College of Physicians and
Surgeons in New York, and became a professor there. He held a position as the
president of the American Otological Society and the New York Academy of
Medicine, and owned the largest Otological clinic in the world at the time.</div>
</div>
</div>
Susan Hugheshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06412744821381463346noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3285100268676605169.post-57611078133281616432012-08-24T12:28:00.000-04:002012-08-24T12:50:32.411-04:00THE FRENCH CANADIAN CONNECTION: ONCE UPON A TIME…. THESE POMEROYS WERE PONTBRIANTS<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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By Barb Dix & Lee
Connolly</div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>For over a
year the families of Jeremiah Pomeroy and Lewis Pomeroy of Onondaga and Oswego
counties in New York have languished in our unlinked database, so far
unconnected to the Eltweed line. There they accumulated many descendants, but
no identified parents.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
What we knew was, according to the
1850 federal census, a Jeremiah Pomeroy, age 32, and wife Harriet and children
lived in Syracuse in July.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Luckily for
data collector lovers they moved to Lysander in the same county in a timely
fashion to be caught in a second census taker’s net that November. [i]</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
Another Pomeroy family unit, headed
by Lewis Pomeroy, age 48, listed as a salt packer, and wife Louisa and their
children were also in the July census taker’s records for Syracuse.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They too were also recorded in the November
census. [ii] A recently married young Lewis, age 20 and wife Virginia lived
near to this household that same month. [iii]</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>We could
follow these families forward, but not backwards into the ever expanding
American Eltweed line.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That is why we
keep a database of “unconnected” or “unlinked” Pomeroy individuals and
households; hoping some day to see if these far-flung migrations continue to
run parallel or converge somewhere.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>In the 1860
federal census both Lewis Pomeroy families were located in Oswego County, in
the town of Granby, later Fulton, where their descendants increased and
multiplied. [iv]<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Jeremiah Pomeroy,
variously recorded as Daniel or James, did a ten year stint in neighboring
Oneida and Madison counties as boatman and butcher before returning to the
land, this time in Cicero, along the south shore of Oneida Lake. [v]</div>
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And so it went.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
THE ESTATE PAPER CLUE</div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>This past April,
staff member Barb Dix, town historian in Schroeppel, and the village of Phoenix
in Oswego county, and I, began doing research on the Granby Pomeroys.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We went to the Surrogate office and our
spirits were buoyed by a stack of estate papers for Louis Pomeroy (the younger),
who died in 1908.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There we noticed a
surprising series of additions.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Each
time his name was cited, written in ink was the addition of “also known as
Louis Pontbriant.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>We looked
through various NYS census records, and found the 1875 record which, unlike
other years, recorded the older Louis Pomeroy household in Granby under the
name Pontbriant.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
While we have Canadian Pomeroys
linked to the Eltweed line who had migrated through New York in the early
1800s, we had not come across a line of Pomeroys that were French Canadian,
until now.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>In July,
Barbara received a phone call from the Oswego County historian Justin White,
who told her Mary and Susan Pomeroy from Ottawa had stopped in his office while
doing their family history research. They left a phone number.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Barb was soon in communication with Mark
Pomeroy in Ottawa who researching his Pomeroy family line and who had reached a
roadblock here and there.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was
surprised at what we had discovered, and quickly set about seeking his French
Canadian connection with the Pontbriants in New York.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
THE DROUIN RECORDS</div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>It is my
good fortunate to be skilled in using the French dictionnaire while examining
the Drouin Quebec Vital Records posted on Ancestry.com databases.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
This data gave me entrance to baptismal and marriage
records. I finally had enough information to deduce that Lewis/Louis Pomeroy
and wife Louise in the 1850 census records for Syracuse and Lysander, were
likely Louis Pontbriant/Pontbriand and Marie Louise Preville, second wife,
married in St. Barthelemy, Quebec in 1843. [vi]<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Thus, in
the census records that followed, with the exception of the 1875 NYS census,
and the probate file we found in Oswego, all the male descendants took on a new
name and were recorded from thence on as Pomeroys.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Since it was the common cultural practice of
dropping one’s “maiden” name at marriage, the female “Pomeroy”/Pontbriant
descendants therefore had this second obscuring layer to their birth/baptismal
identity. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
None of these descendants, from
what we currently know of this lineage, will tap directly into the Eltweed
Pomeroy line, unless they marry a partner of that descendancy, though they
certainly gain a rich French Canadian heritage.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Such
intermarriages have taken place. In fact while researching this family, we came
across a marriage of John Pomeroy to a Harriet Pomeroy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>No Eltweed connection was established
however, as John was the son of our elder Louis Pomeroy/Pontbriant, his mother
being of the first wife Louise dit Pelland, and his bride was Harriet, daughter
of his uncle Jeremiah (believed to be Germain) Pomeroy/Pontbriant. [vii] So a Pomeroy to Pomeroy marriage,
or if the birth identities had been retained, Pontbriant to Pontbriant.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
So far we have located the burial
site of Louis Pomeroy, also known as Louis Pontbriant, and his wife Virginia,
and some descendants, in St. Mary’s Cemetery, Fulton, New York, though we have
not as yet found the parents, Louis and Louisa, who likely were buried in this
vicinity. [viii] </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Their
descendants have migrated from Syracuse to Granby and Fulton, across county and
state lines for generations. Some know of their French-Canadian heritage, but
many do not.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>We have a
similar puzzle of another Pontbriant who may have changed his name to Pomeroy
between 1850 and 1860.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>An interesting
coincidence.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was Peter, an 11 year
old child in Clinton County, New York in 1850 son of a Pontbriant father. In
1860 we find a 21 year old Peter Pomeroy living in Illinois, as an
individual.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The family descendants have
a story that their “Peter” stowed away on a boat as a young child and came to
Illinois.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We are on the trail now, and descendants
are calling us now to learn more, and contribute the fruits of their own
searches.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We will keep looking for
clues. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
NBC’s TV program “Who Do You Think
You Are?’ asked a pertinent question.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Genealogists ask it all the time in their investigations.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Here, we found individuals of the diverse strands
of Quebec Pontbriands who seem to have taken, or been given, the name of
Pomeroy. They migrated from Onondaga and Oswego County (likely Clinton County,
also) and settled in Frankfort, Herkimer County, NY, Saginaw Michigan,
Youngstown, Ohio, Illinois, Kansas, and far beyond. Perhaps you are one of
them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
[If you would like to share information about these families
please contact Alethea Connolly at <a href="mailto:aconnolly@cxtec.com">aconnolly@cxtec.com</a>
]</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
NOTES</div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
[i]<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> Jeremiah Pomeroy</i>.
1850 U. S. Census. Syracuse, Ward 1, Onondaga County, New</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
York, P 27. Dwelling 394, Family 394; 1850 U. S. Census,
Lysander, Onondaga County, New York, P 509B, Dwelling 742, Family 743.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
[ii]<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> Lewis Pomeroy</i>.<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </i>1850 U. S. Census, Syracuse, Onondaga
County, New York, P 34,</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Dwelling 503, Family 503. Also 1850 U. S. Census, Lysander,
Onondaga County, New York, P 509, Dwelling 738, Family 739.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
[iii] <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Lewis Pomeroy
and Virginia.</i> 1850 U. S. Census. Syracuse, Ward 1, Onondaga County, New
York, P 34. Dwelling 394, Family 497; Also 1850 U. S. Census. Lysander,
Onondaga County, New York, P 509. Dwelling 739, Family 740.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
[iv] <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Louis Pomroy, </i>1860
U. S. Census, Granby, Oswego County, New York, P 14, Dwelling 95, Family 103;
Also <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Lewis Pomroy</i>. 1870 U. S. Census,
Oswego County, P 492, Dwelling 456, Family 489.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
[v] <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Jeremiah/Daniel
Pomeroy.</i> 1860 U. S. Census. Verona, Oneida County, New York, P 813,
Dwelling 778, Family 764. Also Ancestry.com U. S. IRS Tax Assessment Lists,
1882-1918 [database on-line] See: 1864, 1866, 1867. Provo, UT, USA.
Ancestry.com Operations Inc. 2008; Also U. S. Census. Cicero, Onondaga County,
New York, P 68. Dwelling 641, Family 633.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
[vi] Ancestry.com- Quebec, Vital and Church Records (Drouin
Collection), 1621-1967, Records for <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Louis
Lonbreanl Dil Sausrezel</i> (Louis Pontbriand/Pontbriant dit Sans regret) 1828,
Berthierville, image 10 [This document records the marriage of Louis Pontbriand
to Marie Louise Martin dit Pelland; they are the parents of Louis who in the
1850 U. S. census record in Syracuse and Lysander is married to Virginia. Variations
on the spelling of Pontbriant/Pontbriand surname, sometimes Pontbrilliant, are
noted through various records in the Drouin collection, and legibility issues
are challenging] See also in this collection the birth of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Louis</i> baptized in Berthierville, Quebec on November 8, 1830 whose
parents were Louis Pombrilland and Louise Pellan.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>See also in this collection, the second
marriage of Louis Pontbrillant, his wife Louise Pellan/Pelland of Sorel having
died, to Louise Preville of the parish of St. Barthelemy, Berthier Co, Quebec.
She is the Louisa in the 1850 census record in Syracuse and Lysander. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText">
[<span style="font-weight: normal;">vii] Our deduction that
Jeremiah was baptized <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Germain</i> is
based upon a reading of the Quebec, Vital and Church Records (Drouin
Collection), 1621-1967, at Ancestry.com. When the record for Germain Pontbriand
(in French) titled “Enterrement (Burial)” in the 1816 book of records for
Bertheirville, Quebec is examined, the letter “S” precedes the entry. Generally
this signals a burial, but the language of the entry is that of a baptism,
citing the common form for stating a baptism, as the child baptized being born
of<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>the legitimate marriage of Jean
Pontbriand and Marguerite Lambert, and citing the god father and god mother.
These are the same parents of the elder Louis, cited in footnote [ii]. The
Drouin record collection cites his baptismal date in 1807 (July 14) to these
same parents in Yamaska Co.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
[viii]. Section 3, page 30 of<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">St.
Mary’s Cemetery Index, Fulton, NY</i>, transcribed from Cemetery Index at
Oswego County Records center, Oswego, NY.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></div>
Susan Hugheshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06412744821381463346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3285100268676605169.post-58680019663205016222012-07-24T15:11:00.000-04:002012-07-24T15:12:45.948-04:00APHGA Researchers Patricia Whipple and Kate Corbett Pollack Journey to Buckland, Massachusetts, to Visit the Spaulding House and Search for Pomeroys!<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;">By Kate Corbett Pollack</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Dvvtrlmkyjc/UA7tkLZ2JJI/AAAAAAAAAFE/LIMQAPCBkAk/s1600/Rev+Josiah+Spaulding+house.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Dvvtrlmkyjc/UA7tkLZ2JJI/AAAAAAAAAFE/LIMQAPCBkAk/s320/Rev+Josiah+Spaulding+house.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Spaulding House</span></b></td></tr>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;">On a beautiful summer
day, Pat and I headed out to Buckland, Mass., starting our trip on Saturday,
the morning of June 23<sup>rd</sup>. The total travel time from Syracuse is
about four hours, and it is a very nice drive. The weather remained pleasant
for most of the weekend. Upon our arrival in the picturesque Connecticut River
Valley where Buckland is located, we were met by our gracious host, Ed
Purinton, and his wife Valerie, owners and caretakers of the house where
Reverend Spaulding and his family lived.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The house originally belonged to Ed’s parents, and he grew up in it-in Josiah
Spaulding Jr.’s bedroom!<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn1" name="_ednref1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[i]</span></span></span></span></a>
</span></div>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;">The Spaulding house was
built in 1794, about the year that Reverend Spaulding arrived with his family
in Buckland to be the town’s first permanent minister. He was provided with the
house to live in for the duration of his time with the First Congregational
Church of Buckland (now Mary Lyon Church), a position he held until his death
in 1823. The house was as I had imagined it; a white Federal style with black
shutters, the type common in New England at this time. Ed and his family showed
us inside and we were pleased to find that not much has changed since the house
was first built, other than an updated kitchen and bathrooms! The large kitchen
hearth is still there, complete with a Dutch oven and old tools. Of course I pictured
the Spaulding sisters and their mother working at the hearth, toiling away over
the fire as women did in the days before modern appliances or even iron stoves.
The walls and floors still had their original wooden planks-the widest I have
ever seen. Some looked to be close to two feet.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;">The staircase to the
second floor was very narrow and small. By this time, our group had been joined
by former Boston Globe/ New York times writer Eric Goldscheider and his mother.
Eric wrote an article for the Boston Globe about Josiah Spaulding in 1999,
called <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">A Long Ago Tragedy Gets A Second
Look.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn2" name="_ednref2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ii]</span></b></span></span></span></a></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;"></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-4X6M-XAvwCc/UA7uI8ITdxI/AAAAAAAAAFU/4IJ19qLFhDo/s1600/Josiah+Spaulding+Room+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-4X6M-XAvwCc/UA7uI8ITdxI/AAAAAAAAAFU/4IJ19qLFhDo/s320/Josiah+Spaulding+Room+1.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Young Josiah's Room</span></b></td></tr>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span>Pat and I brought in our suitcases, as Ed and
his adorable granddaughter accompanied us. Before I knew it, there I was in
Josiah’s room! It was small, with the same wide plank walls that we saw in the
hallway, and an ancient brick fireplace that was original to the room. (Ed and
his family did restoration work to uncover some of the fireplaces in the
house). Ed showed us the grooves on the floor where Josiah had been chained up
prior to being put in a cage. The grooves in the floor really made the story
hit home for me. They were wide and deep, and looked very much like they had
been worn away over time by a person, and not caused by dragging furniture or
other damage. They were close enough (but not too close) to the fireplace to
picture Josiah sitting there, trying to stay warm. Ed told us that the room
gets very cold in the winter. In letters, the sisters mention the importance of
keeping their caged brother in a “warm room”. Before I saw these grooves, I was
not sure if Josiah had actually been chained to the floor, but it sure does
look like he was. There were also unexplained deep nail marks and other surface
grooves in the corner of the room, and dents in the floor around the fireplace.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-i7wevcupQYE/UA7uafnM3EI/AAAAAAAAAFc/Lp-29rHXvn4/s1600/Chain+marks.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-i7wevcupQYE/UA7uafnM3EI/AAAAAAAAAFc/Lp-29rHXvn4/s320/Chain+marks.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Chain Grooves in Floor</span></b></td></tr>
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<div class="MsoBodyText" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">I had read accounts that
Josiah was chained to the floor by his father, and remained that way for a year
until he broke free and tried to escape down the back staircase, which Ed
showed us. The door to the back staircase was very close to Josiah’s room, and
one could see how he could make a break for it and dash to the stairwell, which
led to the kitchen and out the back door. I pictured Josiah bolting from his
bedroom after breaking free of the chains (his door did not have a lock on it,
but a latch, and all the hardware is original to the house), and running down
those steps to the kitchen, where he would have been able to immediately dash
out the back door to the outside and make a run towards the barn to grab a
horse, as local legend says he did. The barn was very near the kitchen side of
the house. Ed Purinton knows the story of Josiah’s escape attempt, and showed
us the stairwell, which is enclosed and very much hidden. You would not know it
was there otherwise. Neil Perry’s 1966 article <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">‘Raving Maniac’ of Buckland Spent 57 Years in a Cage</i> for the
Springfield Union describes how a strong neighbor heard the commotion and ran
over to assist Reverend Spaulding in subduing Josiah during his escape attempt.
Indeed, there was a house of the same era next to the Spaulding house, situated
very near where the barn would have been, and it was easy to imagine a neighbor
running up to grab Josiah.</span></div>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;">The Spaulding house was
laid out in a way that the stories about Josiah I initially wasn't too sure
about began to make a lot of sense. Many aspects of the story are impossible to
prove, but there is truth to oral histories, and listening to the elderly
townspeople over the years is how these histories were preserved and passed
down. Buckland is a small town where many families go back generations to the
time of the Spauldings, including Ed Purinton’s family, who have lived in the
area for 200 years. Oral histories are considered viable sources of information
for historians. One thing that we do know is that Josiah was put in a cage,
indicating he was ultimately unable to escape from the house and his chains,
and needed something stronger to hold him, as he had proven he could break
free.</span><span style="font-weight: normal;"> </span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-a1a6blhUqSY/UA7vJLPQw2I/AAAAAAAAAFk/dNGZIRnW2Xg/s1600/View+from+Josiah%27s+bedroom.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-a1a6blhUqSY/UA7vJLPQw2I/AAAAAAAAAFk/dNGZIRnW2Xg/s320/View+from+Josiah%27s+bedroom.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">View from Josiah's Bedroom</span></b></td></tr>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;">I
made sure to look out the window of the bedroom, as lonely Josiah must have
done many times. The view looked out over a large field and extended to one of
the many rounded hills of the Berkshire Mountains. No houses were visible. It
is a peaceful view, but for someone who was trapped, it must have been even
more isolating. There was no one around to see or hear him. The Spauldings did
have neighbors on either side of the house, but they were supportive of the
Reverend, as we have seen, and so was almost everyone in the town. In those
days, a father’s authority was unquestioned, and Reverend Spaulding was a
highly respected community member. Also, mental illness was just not
understood, if indeed Josiah was mentally ill. People in this era (circa 1812)
and region believed that God caused illness to happen, and that it was a test
for the Reverend which was between him and God. It was not something for them
to interfere with.</span>
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<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-nX4It92Cb6k/UA7vqUTv8WI/AAAAAAAAAFs/l1o-Sans9C8/s1600/Mary+Lyon+Church.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-nX4It92Cb6k/UA7vqUTv8WI/AAAAAAAAAFs/l1o-Sans9C8/s320/Mary+Lyon+Church.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Mary Lyon Church</span></b></td></tr>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;">After touring the
Spaulding house, we all journeyed up the hill to Mary Lyon Church, where Rev.
Spaulding preached. It is so named because in 1822, Mary Lyon, founder of Mt.
Holyoke College, was baptized there, presumably by Rev. Spaulding himself.
There are still services at the church. The Spaulding family and many Pomeroys
are buried in the churchyard cemetery. Buckland Historical Society director Tina
Peters gave us a wonderful tour of the building, which is quite beautiful and
has stained glass windows honoring past preachers, as well as one for Mary
Lyon. Tina is a member of the congregation, and was able to give us a
comprehensive tour. Of course I imagined Reverend Spaulding in the pulpit, and
stood where he would have, facing the pews, and tried to experience his view of
the congregation. I also sat in the pews myself, and they are kind of small! I
thought of Mary, Nancy, Lydia and Deborah sitting in them, listening to their
father preach. I wondered where they might have sat, and imagined Deborah
Pomeroy Trowbridge stopping by the pew after services to say hello and deliver
all the latest gossip. When Mary Spaulding married Isaac Pomeroy and moved to
Southampton, Deborah, Isaac’s sister, would get the latest from Mary’s sisters
in that very church and then write a long letter telling Mary all the Buckland
news.</span></div>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;">After the lovely church
tour, Tina Peters showed everyone across the street to the Buckland Historical
Society Museum, which she opened up just for us. It used to be a schoolhouse,
and is full of many important artifacts local to the area, and has two floors
full of very interesting and unique items! I saw a photograph of Reverend Spaulding
in an old book, which I had seen before on his Find A Grave page<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn3" name="_ednref3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></a>,
but did not know if it was correct. I was happy to see that it was really
Reverend Spaulding, and had his signature under the photo.</span></div>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;">After our Buckland tour
that day, Pat and I set out to find a place to eat dinner. We drove around the
Buckland area a little, and went to Charlemont, a pretty little village where
the Spaulding family had friends and relatives, including John Coleman, who
died there after many years of alcoholism. We saw the sign in the direction of
Heath, where Thankful Coleman, his daughter, worked to support herself and
wrote lonely letters back home to her mother, Nancy Spaulding. We saw Ashfield,
where Reverend Spaulding was president of Sanderson Academy, and Plainfield,
where Josiah Spaulding taught for a brief period. </span></div>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;">Pat and I decided on
dinner in nearby Shelburne Falls, where Nancy Spaulding lived for a while. It
was just beautiful, and I would recommend it as a great place to tour and
visit. There are glacial potholes right downtown, a waterfall, the beautiful
bridge of flowers and many interesting art shops, antique stores and bookstores
(which I made sure not to stop in, lest I spend the remainder of the trip
perusing books). It is a lovely area and everything is old, beautiful and
historic, and surrounded by the Berkshire Mountains. In fact, Ed told us that
Bill Cosby has a house there. Everyone was very friendly and hospitable.</span></div>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;">After dinner, I was
exhausted. We returned to the Spaulding house, where some of Ed’s relatives
were also staying in the downstairs bedroom, and there was a group relaxing in
the living room. I was secretly relieved that there were more people there, as
I planned on sleeping in Josiah’s bedroom, which made me a little nervous! Pat
joined the group and brought the Netbook with our database on it, so she could
get a few genealogy facts from Ed and his family, as we have been working on
the Buckland genealogy for a while and seeing how the Pomeroys fit in. There
were many Pomeroys in Buckland, and they were among the first settlers of the
area. Ed told us that his cousin Arnold lives in Enos Pomeroy’s 18<sup>th</sup>
century farmhouse, and we planned to visit it the next day. Pat and I are very
familiar with Enos and his family from our research, and he is mentioned in the
Spaulding letters.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-XJjp6KiVfTk/UA7uGEkmaqI/AAAAAAAAAFM/OU_Q4520fmU/s1600/Josiah+Spaulding+Room+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-XJjp6KiVfTk/UA7uGEkmaqI/AAAAAAAAAFM/OU_Q4520fmU/s320/Josiah+Spaulding+Room+2.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Fireplace in Josiah's Room</span></b></td></tr>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;">Sleeping in Josiah’s room
was interesting. The Connecticut River Valley is just so peaceful and beautiful
that it is hard to feel afraid or nervous for long about anything. It seemed a
very different environment that I expected, due to the grim nature of the
Spaulding family letters. It is somewhat ironic that the devastation they
experienced (much of it due to epidemic disease) took place amidst such a
serene backdrop. I did not feel very much in Josiah’s room other than a sort of
heavy, lived-in feeling. I do not think his ghost haunts that room (as many
want to know!), but there was a definite feeling that struck me as sort of
oppressive. Like the ceiling was slightly pushing down on me. I slept with the
lamp on! I must admit that I woke up at about 2 or 3 am and felt very nervous,
but I am sure it was my imagination. </span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-tXuKgwBKJXg/UA7xkqIOe4I/AAAAAAAAAF0/x4m4zuZfG5c/s1600/Enos+Pomeroy+House.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-tXuKgwBKJXg/UA7xkqIOe4I/AAAAAAAAAF0/x4m4zuZfG5c/s320/Enos+Pomeroy+House.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Enos Pomeroy Hous</span></b>e</td></tr>
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<span style="font-weight: normal;">The next day Ed Purinton
joined Pat and I for breakfast in Shelburne, and we walked around a little bit
once more. Ed was such a gracious host and an excellent tour guide, and he
certainly knows the history of the area, an appreciation for which was
instilled in him by his mother, who researched the Spaulding family when Ed was
growing up. </span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<div class="MsoBodyText" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">After breakfast, Ed took
us to his cousin Arnold’s house, which was the former residence of Enos Pomeroy
(b. 1761), a Buckland clothier who ran a successful business and was well-known
and liked. He married Lucy Smith circa 1786, and the couple had eleven
children. Enos and Lucy are also remembered for being able to successfully see
that all eleven children were educated and did well. </span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-g9DTihACtXc/UA7x6b-YHAI/AAAAAAAAAF8/LzyIMzej-bI/s1600/Enos+Pomeroy+Barn.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-g9DTihACtXc/UA7x6b-YHAI/AAAAAAAAAF8/LzyIMzej-bI/s320/Enos+Pomeroy+Barn.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Enos Pomeroy Barn</span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"> Enos is mentioned in the
Spaulding letters collection, and there is a very detailed one from Deborah
Pomeroy Trowbridge describing Enos’ tragic fall in the barn, which ended his life.
The barn is still on the property, and Arnold has kept it up. The letter
describing Enos’ death was one of the harder letters I had to transcribe. He
fell from the beams in his barn and fractured his skull, living 26 hours until
his death (as it even says on his tombstone). His wife stayed by his side,
calmly caring for him the entire time, and, as Deborah wrote, said she was
thankful that they had so many good years together and was remarkably composed.
All Lucy had to soothe Enos was some Camphor on a rag. Deborah wrote, “his
every breath was a groan”.</span></div>
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<div class="MsoBodyText" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">Enos Pomeroy’s house was
just beautiful, and almost completely unchanged and original. It was kind of
small, however, and I could not imagine eleven children there! The hearths and
wooden floors were similar to the ones in the Spaulding home, although I have
to say I think that the beams in the floor at the Enos Pomeroy house were even
wider! I was shocked to see them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Arnold
was a very kind host and allowed us to photograph the house. He was accompanied
by his adorable dogs, including a large but very friendly German Shepherd, who
seems to have some kind of rivalry going on with two local birds, who kept
trying to dive bomb the poor thing. The grounds were also stunning, and I am
sure not much different at all from when Enos and Lucy settled the area and
built the house. It is surrounded by woods and hills. </span></div>
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<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-QYPl-VyvpXM/UA7yQw5f5OI/AAAAAAAAAGE/fctXn3dTl7I/s1600/Kate+in+front+of+Milk+Shed.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-QYPl-VyvpXM/UA7yQw5f5OI/AAAAAAAAAGE/fctXn3dTl7I/s320/Kate+in+front+of+Milk+Shed.jpg" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Kate in Front of the Pomeroy Milk Shed</span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">To view the photo essays
of our trip, follow the link to the APHGA Facebook page!</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">Here are links to my
articles about the Spaulding family on the APHGA blog:</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">The story of the
Spaulding sisters: Nancy, Deborah, Lydia and Mary:</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2011/12/spaulding-sisters.html">http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2011/12/spaulding-sisters.html</a></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">Reverend Spaulding, Josiah,
and the Cage:</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2011/11/only-being-of-senceless-existence.html">http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2011/11/only-being-of-senceless-existence.html</a><span style="font-weight: normal;"></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">The Spaulding family’s
religious beliefs and experience with epidemic disease:</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2011/09/calvinism-and-epidemic-disease-in.html">http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2011/09/calvinism-and-epidemic-disease-in.html</a><span style="font-weight: normal;"></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">Parts One and Two of ‘The
Descendents of Lydia Spaulding: A Legacy of Mental Health Activism’. There is
much more on this story that Pat and I have uncovered and I am expanding it
now, but this is an introduction:</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2012/03/descendents-of-lydia-spaulding-legacy.html"><span style="font-weight: normal;">http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2012/03/descendents-of-lydia-spaulding-legacy.html</span></a></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<a href="http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2012/03/descendents-of-lydia-spaulding-legacy_20.html"><span style="font-weight: normal;">http://americanpomeroys.blogspot.com/2012/03/descendents-of-lydia-spaulding-legacy_20.html</span></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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<div style="mso-element: endnote-list;">
<br clear="all" />
<hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" />
<div id="edn1" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoBodyText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref1" name="_edn1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[i]</span></b></span></span></span></a>
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; font-weight: normal;">For those followers of the
Spaulding/Pomeroy families of Buckland on the APHGA blog, the story of Reverend
Spaulding and his family is already familiar. If anyone would like to get
acquainted with this amazing story, links to previous blog posts will be
provided at the end of the article. To quickly recap, the APHGA was lent and
allowed to scan a collection of 144 letters sent to us by one of our members.
The letters were written by Pomeroys and Spauldings over 200 years ago. The
families intermarried and lived in Western Massachusetts in the early 1800s.
Pat Whipple and I, along with our other APHGA researchers, have been
researching these families for almost a year now, and I have transcribed the
letters and written about them. The letters reveal an incredible story of the
Spaulding family of Buckland, headed by patriarch Reverend Josiah Spaulding and
his wife, Mary Williams. They had four daughters and one son- Josiah Jr., who
was thought to be insane and kept in a cage in the family home. The letters
were mostly written by the four Spaulding sisters; Mary (who married Isaac
Pomeroy of Southampton), Lydia, Nancy and Deborah. Mary’s sister-in-law,
Deborah Pomeroy Trowbridge, was also a very prolific letter-writer and involved</span><span style="font-weight: normal;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; font-weight: normal;">member of the family. She lived in Buckland.</span><span style="font-weight: normal;"></span></div>
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</div>
<div id="edn2" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref2" name="_edn2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></a>
http://www.eric-goldscheider.com/id74.html</div>
</div>
<div id="edn3" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref3" name="_edn3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></a>
http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=59554737</div>
</div>
</div>Susan Hugheshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06412744821381463346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3285100268676605169.post-21359394188367781932012-06-01T17:04:00.001-04:002012-06-01T17:04:27.003-04:00Walter Henry Pomeroy and the Vanished Library: A Love Story of the Gilded Age.<div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span>By
Kate Corbett Pollack</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span>Research
by Patricia Whipple</span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Walter Henry Pomeroy was born in Yarmouth, Cumberland
County, Maine, on July 16, 1834, to Frederick Augustus Pomeroy and Priscilla
Noyes. As a young man, he moved to New York and began his career as a
teacher.<span> </span>In 1869, he obtained a passport
so he could travel abroad, perhaps to satiate his interest in foreign
languages. It is hard to know everything about Walter, as he was not a famous
man, but he was well-liked and respected, and known among many in literary,
artistic and scholarly circles of the time. He certainly was a highly
intelligent person, with a background in classical education. Walter’s travels
to Europe served to further his interest in art, history, literature,
philosophy and other fields of study.<span> </span>A
letter written to <i>The Critic: A Weekly
Review of Literature and the Arts </i>in 1893, by Myron B. Benton says:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span> </span><span>Mr. Pomeroy was a man of
fine culture. There are few in whom the pursuit of literature meant so much;
or, in matters of taste, whose scale, so to speak, marked so fine
gradations…Mr. Pomeroy was a man of most genial manners. Especially those whose
feet were in the same flowery paths-it might be far in the rearward-found a
welcome of free cordiality. There was in his presence an unintermittent flow of
humor, highly individual, often exuberant and fantastic…<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn1" name="_ednref1" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span>[i]</span></span></span></span></a></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">
<span></span>Walter Henry Pomeroy’s wife, Laura
Skeel, was written about in much the same way. They were married in 1871, at
Irvington-on-Hudson, in Westchester County, New York. The two must have been
quite a sparkling couple, as their wit, intelligence and wide-ranging interests
and unique personalities came together. Laura was an artist, who for many years
kept a salon on 86<sup>th</sup> street in New York. She is most famous for her
bust of Matthew Vassar, founder of Vassar College, which she created while
living in Poughkeepsie, New York. It was during her first marriage to Dr.
Ernest F. Hoffman. (The bust can still be seen at Vassar). The couple was
divorced. Laura and Walter had to wait until their forties to meet their
perfect match-they were married when she was 42 and he 41. They settled into
New York, sharing a house with Laura’s brother, Roswell, at 84 Irving Place, and
his wife Anne. There Walter worked as a professor, and is listed as “professor
of languages, at 903 6<sup>th</sup> avenue” in the 1880 census<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn2" name="_ednref2" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span>[ii]</span></span></span></span></a>.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">
<span></span>Walter also worked as a tutor for
the only son of the wealthy Baxter family of Rutland, Vermont, headed by
General Horace Henry Baxter, who was a Vermont railroad magnate and Civil War
veteran. The family had a home in New York, on 5<sup>th</sup> avenue. When
General Baxter died in 1884, his widow, Mary Roberts, worked to establish a
memorial library in his honor in Rutland. Walter Henry Pomeroy was chosen to
find the books and Laura as a librarian. In 1889 Mrs. Baxter had a beautiful
stone and granite Romanesque building constructed to house the collection. The
library has been attributed to architect Leopold Eidlitz, who was designer of
Temple Emanu-el on 65<sup>th</sup> street in New York, the elegant Buffalo
Public Library, and many other famous structures. However, recent research has
identified the creator as another Gilded Age Jewish architect, Arnold W.
Brunner, designer of the 1897 Congregation Shearith Israel on Central Park West
in New York, among other notable buildings in major U.S. cities<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn3" name="_ednref3" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span>[iii]</span></span></span></span></a>.<i> The Rutland Historical Society Quarterly </i>describes
the inside of the building: “Its interior consisted of elegant semicircular
alcoves gracefully carved, a reading room, a librarian’s office for Mrs.
Pomeroy…A winding staircase led to a tower, from which one had a splendid view
of the fertile valley and lower Library avenue.”<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn4" name="_ednref4" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span>[iv]</span></span></span></span></a><span> </span>It was built across
the street from the Baxter estate, a mansion typical to the Gilded Age. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In this era of the late 19</span><sup style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">th</sup><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
century, wealthy industrialists such as the Rockefellers, the Fricks, and
Andrew Carnegie, who also built many libraries all over the United States,
sought to give
back to their communities in this way. Business leaders of this era amassed
important works of art, which contributed to the collections in many American
museums today. It was also a time of unprecedented wealth, which allowed these
wealthy families to live like American royalty, as the family of General Baxter
did. They had the money to buy priceless
works of art from Europe and bring them to America, where they could afford to
house them in magnificent mansions and private museums. However, this often
meant needing to hire someone who was well educated, cultured, spoke other
languages and knew what was valuable and important. Walter Henry Pomeroy fit
the description, and already knew and worked for the family.</span></span></div>
<br />
<div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Walter was given unlimited funds to
purchase the volumes for the library, which was built to contain about 20,000
books. He selected around 12,000 volumes, devoting years of his life to the
project, from 1886 to his death in 1891, working alongside his wife. It is
unknown whether Laura went with him, but Walter traveled in both America and
Europe buying books. Laura organized his finds as the librarian, and had her
own office in the library. The books chosen were to be used for reference, not
checked out by the public, and were very rare and beautiful, as was the library
itself. A description of the interior from 1895 states that:</span></div>
<div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span>The capacity of the library
admits of about 20,000 volumes. These are compactly shelved in nine alcoves,
which radiate from the octagonal sides toward an open centre, being closely
packed on either side with volumes, which are classified in Art, Autobiography,
Fiction, Drama, Folk-lore, History, Literature, Theology, Science, Travel,
Shakespeare and the Classics, as well as a large range of Lexicons and Manuals
of Reference. There are two spacious, well-lighted reading rooms, on the east
and west ends, opening from a large central room, munificently furnished with
carved oaken furniture; and carpeted with Persian rugs<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn5" name="_ednref5" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span>[v]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Notable editions
of the collection included: </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><i><span>Romance of Paris et Vienne</span></i><span>, Caxton 1485</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span>Pope Pius the Sixth Latin
Bible printed in Basle, 1551</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><i><span>Le Costume Historique</span></i><span>, in color, Paris</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span>Cicero’s <i>Epistolae ad Familiares cum Hubertine
clerics Comments</i>, printed 1483<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_edn6" name="_ednref6" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span>[vi]</span></span></span></span></a></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Walter also included rare early works on American history,
the Revolutionary War, the War of 1812 and the Civil War. He selected books
that represented fine examples of the different stages of book binding and
printing in European and American history. Some books were chosen simply
because of a rare style of binding. Many books were embossed with gold, covered
in leather, with parchment pages. The finest examples were kept under glass,
and all could be viewed by the public during library hours.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span><span> </span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;">But what happened to this marvelous collection of
nearly 12,000 volumes? Mrs. Baxter left no provision in her will stipulating
what should be done with the collection. The Rutland Historical Society reports
in its 1993 Quarterly of a letter written to them in 1958 by Walter Henry
Pomeroy’s niece, Gertrude Pomeroy, asking them where the books went. They were
unable to trace them. The library was purchased by the Anshei Shalom
congregation in 1927 for $12,000, and became the Rutland Jewish Center, which
remains in use today. The Baxter estate was demolished in 1945. </span></div>
<div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Henry died in 1891, and was
buried in Rutland. After Mrs. Baxter’s 1896 death, the books can no longer be
traced. For a 31-year period, in between Mrs. Baxter’s passing and the purchase
of the library by the congregation, there was time for almost anything to
happen to the books. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;">After Walter died, Laura Skeel
Pomeroy went back to New York and set up her 86<sup>th</sup> street salon,
where she became known as “The Dear Old Lady of 86<sup>th</sup> Street” -or at
least was memorialized as such by American poet Shaemas O’Sheel in his 1911
obituary of her. There she kept company with a fascinating and diverse group of
artists, musicians, actors, singers, and people of all religious backgrounds,
sitting back amongst the buzz and hum of the salon, happy to be surrounded by
such interesting company. She even was friends with Lord Tennyson. According to
Shaemas, Laura often spoke of Walter, who she was so in love with, and so
perfectly suited for: </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span> “Her little parlors were lined with books, they had
belonged to one of whom she often spoke, never sadly, never sentimentally,
always with the slightest lowering of her voice, with an indefinable undertone
that struck deeply, beautifully to the heart…There is often enough a repulsion
in old age which persists thru all effort at reverence; but not so here. I used
to often think of what young womanhood, what young loverhood had been hers; and
I thought how terrible the loss of the man she spoke of so often, so tenderly,
must have been; yet how truly great that love must have been, since she could
make, in these widowed years, a great beautiful thing of her lonely life…”</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Surrounded by Walter’s books,
Laura lived her later years on 86<sup>th</sup> street until old age caused her
to move to an apartment in the Bronx, where she spent her last days leading up
to her death at age 78, on August 23, 1911. She was buried in Rutland,
alongside Walter. The couple had no children.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;">What became of the rarest and
most valuable books in the Baxter Memorial Library? Did Laura have some of them
at her studio, or were those books from Walter’s personal collection? Even so,
her studio would not have been big enough to house such a collection, and a
bibliophile like Walter was bound to have his own small library, which his
devoted wife would have likely kept. Where could 12,000 volumes have gone,
leaving no record? Did Hugh Baxter, the Baxter’s son, sell them off? Perhaps
there is someone out there who can shed some light on this mystery. For now,
the secret has died with Laura Skeel Pomeroy-over 100 years ago.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><b>Further sources for this story:</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span>Ancestry.com. U.S. Passport
Applications, 1795-1925 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: The Generations
Network, Inc., 2007.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><i><span>A Catalogue of
the Books in the H. H. Baxter Memorial Library of Rutland, VT.</span></i><span>. Rutland,
Rutland County, Vermont:, 1892.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span>Maine. Cumberland County. Ward 6. Portland. 1850 U.S.
Census. Microfilm publication M432_252. Washington: National Archives</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span>Onondaga County Public Library System.<span> </span>City of Portland [Maine] births
1712-1892.<span> </span>Online
[http://catalog.onlib.org/].<span> </span>Accessed 12
Jun 2009</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b><span>Links to
images and more information on subjects in the article:</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><i><span>Images of the
Library:</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span><a href="http://tinyurl.com/Library-Image"><span>Rutland Jewish Center postcard</span></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span><a href="http://tinyurl.com/Baxter-Library"><span>Baxter Memorial Library door on Flickr</span></a></span></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-size: small;"><span>Leopold
Eidlitz, architect:</span></span></i></div>
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<a href="http://tinyurl.com/Leopold-Eidlitz-Book"><span style="font-size: small;"><span>Leopold Eidlitz book</span></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span><a href="http://repository.upenn.edu/dissertations/AAI3165704/"><span>Dissertation on Leopold Eidlitz by Kenneth Franklin Jacobs</span></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span><a href="http://tinyurl.com/Buffalo-Public-Library"><span>Buffalo Public Library postcard</span></a></span></span></div>
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<h2 style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-weight: normal;">
<i><span style="font-size: small;">Arnold W. Brunner, architect:</span></i></h2>
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<a href="http://tinyurl.com/Arnold-Brunner"><span style="font-size: small;"><span>Jewish Arts and Monuments</span></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span><a href="http://rutlandjewishcenter.org/"><span>Rutland Jewish Center</span></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><i><span>Laura Skeel’s Matthew Vassar
bust, which has been incorporated into a full statue:</span></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span><a href="http://tinyurl.com/Vassar-Bust"><span>Matthew Vassar Sculpture</span></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><i><span>General Baxter:</span></i></span></div>
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<a href="http://tinyurl.com/Horace-Henry-Baxter"><span style="font-size: small;"><span>Horace Henry Baxter Biography</span></span></a></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref1" name="_edn1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[i]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Critic A Weekly Review of Literature and
the Arts Vol. XIX (New Series) Vol. XXII January-June 1893, The Critic Company,
New York, 1893.</div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref2" name="_edn2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[ii]</span></span></span></span></a> <span style="font-size: small;"><span>New York. New
York County. New York City. 1880 U. S. Census. Microfilm Publication T9_870.
Washington: National Archives</span></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref3" name="_edn3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[iii]</span></span></span></span></a>
Holliday, Kathryn E. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Leopold Eidlitz:
Architecture and Idealism in the Gilded Age.</i> New York: W.W. Norton, 2008.</div>
</div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref4" name="_edn4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[iv]</span></span></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Rutland
Historical Society Quarterly</span></i><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">, Volume
XXIII No. 3, 1993</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref5" name="_edn5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[v]</span></span></span></span></a> First
Biennial Report of the Board of Library Commissioners of Vermont. 1895-96.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>P. 66</div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3285100268676605169#_ednref6" name="_edn6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[vi]</span></span></span></span></a> A
Catalogue of the Books in the H.H. Baxter Memorial Library of Rutland, VT.,
1892.</div>
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Susan Hugheshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06412744821381463346noreply@blogger.com1